STM32定时器详细讲解及应用

1、stm32之定时器彻底研究(2011-11-2514:38)分类:STM32学习笔记这里介绍两种方式使用stm32的定时器：直接操作寄存器和使用st的官方的库文件。相比较而言，直接操作定时器比较简洁，对着寄存器看十分明了。而使用库文件有一点晕头转向。(个人观点)程序如下：(以下程序在DX32的例程修改而来，使用的是比较古老的3.0固件库)1、timer,c文件ttinclude，STM32Libstm32f10 x.hvoidTIM2_Configuration(void)_TIM_TimeBaseInitTypeDefTIM_TimeBaseStructure;TIM_OCInitTypeD

2、efTIM_OCInitStructure;400020001000500;ul6CCRl_Valul6CCR2_Valul6CCR3_Valul6CCR4_Val/*TIM2clockenable*/RCC_APBlPeriphClockCmd(RCC_APBlPeriph_TIM2,ENABLE);/*基础设置*/TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Period=10000;/计满值TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Prescaler=7200-1:/预分频，此值TOC o 1-5 h z+1为呑频的除数一TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM

3、_ClockDivision=0 x0;/TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_CounterMode=TIM_CounterMode_Up;/向上计数一一一一TIM_TimeBaseInit(TIM2,&TIM_TimeBaseStructure);/*比较通道1*/TIM_0CInitStructure.TIM_0CMode=TIM_OCMode_Inactive;/输出比较非主动模式TIM_0CInitStructure.TIM_Pulse=CCRl_Val;TIM_0CInitStructure.TIM_0CPolarity=TIM_OCPolarity_High;/极性

4、为正TIM_0ClInit(TIM2,&TIM_OCInitStructure);TIM_OClPreloadConfig(TIM2,TIM_OCPreload_Disable);/禁止0C1重装就，其实可以省掉这句，因为默认是4路都不量装的./*比较通道2*/TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_Pulse=CCR2_Val;TIM_0C2Init(TIM2,&TIM_OCInitStructure);TIM_0C2PreloadConfig(TIM2,TIM_OCPreload_Disable);/*比较通道3*/TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_Pulse=CCR

5、3_Val;TIM_OC3Init(TIM2,&TIM_OCInitStructure);TIM_0C3PreloadConfig(TIM2,TIM_OCPreload_Disable);/*比较通道4*/TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_Pulse=CCR4_Val;TIM_0C4Init(TIM2,&TIM_OCInitStructure);TIM_0C4PreloadConfig(TIM2,TIM_OCPreload_Disable);/*使能预装载*/TIM_ARRPreloadConfig(TIM2,ENABLE);/*衣先清除所有中断位*/TIM_ClearITPen

6、dingBit(TIM2,TIM_IT_CC1TIM_IT_CC2|TIM_IT_CC3|TIM_IT_CC4|TIM_IT_Update);/*4个通道和溢皿都配置中断*/TIM_ITConfig(TIM2,TIM_IT_CC1TIM_IT_CC2|TIM_IT_CC3|TIM_IT_CC4|TIM_IT_Update,ENABLE);/*允许TIM2开始计数*/TIM_Cmd(TIM2,ENABLE);voidTIM3_Configuration(ul6p,ul6psc)_RCC-APB1ENR|=11;/TIM3时钟使能自动装载寄存器TIM3-ARR二p;设定定时器自动重装值/PSC预分

7、频寄存器TIM3-PSC二psc;/设定定时器的分频系数TIM3-DIER|=1O;/允许更新中断TIM3-DIER|=16;/允许触发中断TIM3-CR1|=OXO1;/使能定时器3(这里面包括计数方向为向上计数)ttif0voidTIM4_Configuration(void)_TIM_TimeBaseInitTypeDefTIM_TimeBaseStrueture;TIM_OCInitTypeDefTIM_OCInitStructure;/*TIM4clockenable*/RCC_APBlPeriphClockCmd(RCC_APBlPeriph_TIM4,ENABLE);/*基础设置

8、*/TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Period=10000;/计满值TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Prescaler=7200-1:/预分频，此值+1为八频的除数一TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_ClockDivision=0 x0;/TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_CounterMode=TIM_CounterMode_Up;/向上计数TIM_TimeBaseInit(TIM4,&TIM_TimeBaseStructure);/*使能预装载*/TIM_ARRPreloadConfig(TIM4,ENABLE)

9、;/*应先清除所有中断位*/TIM_ClearITPendingBit(TIM4,TIM_IT_Update);TIM_ITConfig(TIM4,TIM_IT_Update,ENABLE):/*允许TIM2开始计数*/TIM_Cmd(TIM4,ENABLE);#elsevoidTIM_Configuration(ul6p,ul6psc)_RCC-APB1ENR|=12;/TIM4时钟使能自动装载寄存器TIM4-ARR二p;/设定定时器自动重装值/PSC预分频寄存器TIM4-PSC二psc;/设定定时器的分频系数TIM4-DIER|=l0;/允许更新中断TIM4-DIER|=16;/允许触发中

10、断TIM4-CR11=0X01;/使能定时器3(这里面包括计数方向为向上计数)ttendif上程序中，定时器2被配置成多路捕获模式，定时器3是直接操作寄存器进行配置的。定时器4用了两种配置方式，使用固件库和直接操作寄存器。可以切换。效果一样。需要注意的是，stm32103RBT6的通用定时器只有2、3、4.（没有5）2、stm32f10 x_it.c文件丄丄丄卜FunctionNameDescriptionInputOutputReturn:TIM2_IRQHandlerTIM2中断:ThisfunctionhandlesTIM2globalinterruptrequest:None:None

11、:None丄丄丄丄丄丄丄丄卜丄丄*丄丄“丄丄kL丄unsignedintcnt=O;unsignedintflag=O;voidTIM2_IRQHandler(void)if(TIM_GetITStatus(TIM2,TIM_IT_CC1)!=RESET)/*必须清空标志位*/TIM_ClearITPendingBit(TIM2,TIM_IT_CC1);/可添加功能块elseif(TIM_GetITStatus(TIM2,TIM_IT_CC2)!=RESET)TIM_ClearITPendingBit(TIM2,TIM_IT_CC2);/可添加功能块elseif(TIM_GetITStatus

12、(TIM2,TIM_IT_CC3)!=RESET)TIM_ClearITPendingBit(TIM2,TIM_IT_CC3);/可添加功能块elseif(TIM_GetITStatus(TIM2,TIM_IT_CC4)!=RESET)TIM_ClearITPendingBit(TIM2,TIM_IT_CC4);/可添加功能块if(TIM_GetITStatus(TIM2,TIM_IUpdate)!二RESET)TIM_ClearITPendingBit(TIM2,TIMIT.Update);/flag二1;/计时满标志位置位/vwx丄卜丄卜丄丄丄/cnt+;/每TIM.Period计时满变量

13、加一%!xkL%!x丄卜XTXTXTFunctionNameDescriptionInputOutputReturn:TIM3_IRQHandler:ThisfunctionhandlesTIM3globalinterruptrequest:None:None:NoneI%!x“%fx丄卜丄“丄“丄卜丄%fx?x”丄”丄“”“”“丄“%fxkL%!xXTvoidTIM3_IRQHandler(void)_if(TIM3-SR&0X0001)cnt+;flag=l;TIM3-SR&=(1O);%!x%!x丄卜XTXTXTFunctionNameDescriptionInputOutputRetu

14、rn:TIM4_IRQHandler:ThisfunctionhandlesTIM4globalinterruptrequest:None:None:None%!xa#“%fx%!x丄卜丄“丄卜丄*?”丄”丄“?x?x”a#“”“丄“%fxkL%!xXTvoidTIM4_IRQHandler(void)_if(TIM_GetITStatus(TIM4,TIM_IT_Update)!=RESET)TINLClearlTPendingBit(TIM4,TIM_IT_Update);cnt+;flag=l;可以看到，定时器2有多个处理的事件，四个通道的计数溢出和定时器的总溢出。具体事件根据应用來配置

15、。另外，以上代码只是对三个通用定时器进行测试，具体应用根据情况来定。3、NVIC.c文件ttinclude，STM32Libstm32f10 x.h/设置所有的中断允许voidMVIC_Configuration(void)_NVIC_InitTypeDefNVIC_InitStructure;/*Timer2中断*/MVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_4);NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel=TIM2_IRQn;MVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPrio

16、rity=4:NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority=0;NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd=ENABLE:NVIC_Init(&NIC_InitStructure);ttif1/*Configureonebitforpreemptionpriority*/*Timer3中断*/NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel=TIM3_IRQn;MVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority=3;NVIC_InitStruc

17、ture.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority=0;NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd=ENABLE:NVIC_Init(&NIC_InitStructure);/*Timer4中断*/NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel=TIM4_IRQn;MVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority=2;NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority=0;NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChan

18、nelCmd=ENABLE:NVIC_Init(&NIC_InitStructure);ttendif/*UART1*/NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel=USARTl_IRQn;MVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority=1;NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority=0;NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd=ENABLE:NVIC_Init(&NIC_InitStructure);4、main,c文件ttinc

19、lude，STM32Libstm32flOx.httincludehal.httincludestdio.httincludestring,hexternunsignedintent;externunsignedintflag;intfputc(intch,FILE*f)/USART_SendData(USART1,(u8)ch);USART1-DR=(u8)ch;/*Loopuntiltheendoftransmission*/while(USART_GetFlagStatus(USART1,USART_FLAG_TXE)=RESET)returnch;intmain(void)CanTxM

20、sgmsg;msg.StdId=0 xll;msg.DLC=8;msg.IDE=CAN_ID_STD;msg.RTR二CAN_RTR_DATA;memset(msg.Data,Oxll,8);ChipHallnitO;/片内硬件初始化ChipOutHallnit();/片外硬件初始化for(;)can_send(&msg);if(flag)flag=0;printf(entis%dn,ent);本程序使用了串口、定时器，通过串口将当前计数值发给PC。同时通过can总线对外发送数据另外使用了printf,程序中有相应的配置。5、can.c文件ttinclude，STM32Libstm32f10

21、x.httincludehal.httincludestring.h/CAN总线的发送接收管脚的初始化voidCAN_Configuration(void)_GPIO_InitTypeDefGPIO_InitStructure;/RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPI0ARCC_APB2Periph_AFIO,ENABLE);/RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_AFI0,ENABLE);RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPI0A,ENABLE);RCC_APB2Pe

22、riphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPI0A,ENABLE);/*PA11-CANRX*/GPIOInitStructure.GPIOPin=GPIOPin11;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed二GPI0_Speed_50MHz;GPIOInitStructure.GPIOMode二GPIOModeIPU;GPI0_Init(GPIOA,&GPIO_InitStructure);APA12-CANTX*/GPIOInitStructure.GPIOPin二GPIOPin12;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed二GPI0_S

23、peed_50MHz;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode二GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;GPI0_Init(GPIOA,&GPIO_InitStructure);RCC_APBlPeriphClockCmd(RCC_APBlPeriph_CANl,ENABLE);/RCC_APBlPeriphClockCmd(RCC_APBlPeriph_CANl,ENABLE);/vw卜丄丄丄丄丄丄卜*CAN中断测试卜丄丄.卜丄卜丄卜卜丄“卜丄“卜丄卜；丄卜卜卜丄“卜丄“丄voidCAN_Interrupt(void)CAN_InitTypeDefCAN_InitStrueture;

24、CAN_FilterInitTypeDefCAN_FilterlnitStrueture;/CanTxMsgTxMessage:/*CANregisterinit*/CAN_DeInit(CANl);CAN_Struetlnit(&CAN_InitStructure);/*CANcellinit*/*CANcellinit*/CAN_InitStructure.CAN_TTCM=DISABLE;CAN_InitStructure.CAN_ABOM=DISABLE;CAN_InitStructure.CAN_AWDI=DISABLE;CAN_InitStructure.CAN_NART=DISA

25、BLE;DISABLE:重传CAN_InitStructure.CAN_RFLM=DISABLE;CAN_InitStructure.CAN_TXFP=DISABLE;/时间触发/自动离线管理自动唤醒/ENABLE:错误不自动重传CAN_InitStructure.CAN_Mode=CAN_Mode_Normal;/CAN_Mode_LoopBack,CAN_Mode_Norma1CAN_InitStructure.CAN_SJW二CAN_SJW_ltq;CAN_InitStructure.CAN_BS1二CAN_BSl_5tq;CAN_InitStructure.CAN_BS2二CAN_BS

26、2_3tq;CAN_InitStructureCAN_Prescaler二4;36/(4*(1+5+3)二1000k/1-4/1-16/1-8/波特率为CAN_Init(CAN1,&CAN_InitStructure);/*CAN过滤器设置*/CANFilterlnitStructureCAN_FilterNumber二0;CANFilterlnitStructure.CAN_Fi11erMode=CAN_FliterMode_IdMask;CANFilterlnitStructure.CANFilterScale=CANFilterScale32bit;CAN_FilterInitStruc

27、ture.CAN_FiIterIdHigh二0 x0000;CAN_FilterInitStructure.CAN_FilterIdLow二0 x0000;CAN_FilterInitStructure.CAN_Fi11erMaskldHigh=0 x0000;CAN_FilterInitStructure.CAN_Fi11erMaskldLow=0 x0000:CANFilterlnitStructure.CAN_FilterFIFOAssignment=CAN_FIFOO;CANFilterlnitStructureCAN_FilterActivation二ENABLE;CAN_Filte

28、rInit(&CAN_FilterInitStrueture);/*允许FMPO中断*/CAN_ITConfig(CANl,CAN_IT_FMPO,ENABLE);/*typedefstructuint32_tStdid;uint32_tExtld;uint8_tIDE;uint8_tRTR;uint8_tDLC;uint8_tDataE8:CanTxMsg;*/发送一个2字节的数据voidSendCan(ul6dat)CanTxMsgTxMessage;TxMessageExtld二0 x01;TxMessage.IDE=CAN_ID_EXT;TxMessage.RTR二CAN_RTR_DA

29、TA;TxMessageDLC二2;TxMessageData0=dat&Oxff;TxMessageDatal=dat8;CAN_Transmit(CAN1,&TxMessage);_ttif1intcan_send(CanTxMsg*pTransmitBuf)_u8TransmitMailbox二0;CanTxMsgTxMessage;if(pTransmitBuf-DLC8)return1;/*transmit*/TxMessage.Stdld二pTransmitBuf-StdId;/用來设定标准标识符(0-0 x7ff,11位)/TxMessageExtlpTransmitBuf-Ex

30、tld;TxMessage.RTR=pTransmitBuf-RTR;/设置RTR位为数据帧TxMessage.IDE=pTransmitBuf-IDE;标识符扩展位，为标准帧TxMessage.DLC=pTransmitBuf-DLC;/设置数据长度根据DLC字段的值，将有效数据拷贝到发送数据寄存器memcpy(TxMessage.Data,pTransmitBuf-Data,pTransmitBuf-DLC);TransmitMailbox二CAN_Transmit(CAN1,&TxMessage);TransmitMailbox=TransmitMailbox;/加上这句话就是防止编译器产生警吿:return1;ttendif在调用can_send(CanTxMsg*pTransmitBuf)发送数据之前，要对can总线进行相应的(5頂。6、hal.c文件:卜丄*丄卜丄丄卜丄丄丄丄