初中英语-苏州中考复习专题-反义疑问句(讲解带练习)_第1页
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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上专心-专注-专业专心-专注-专业精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上专心-专注-专业反意疑问句反意疑问句又叫附加疑问句,它表示提问人的看法,没有把握,需要对方证实。主要有两部分组成:陈述部分+疑问部分。两部分的人称时态应保持一致。陈述部分和疑问部分要么前肯后否,要么前否后肯。主要有两种类型: 陈述部分(肯定)+疑问部分(否定) 陈述部分(否定)+疑问部分(肯定)eg:Itscoldtoday,isntit?今天天气冷,不是吗?eg:Hedoesntlikeit,doeshe?他不喜欢,是吗?少数情况:祈使句部分(肯定)+疑问部分(肯定)eg:Letus

2、go,willyou?让我们去吧,好吗?Lets go,shall we?1 主语(1)一般词语附加疑问句中主语用和主句一致的主语,用主格。附加疑问句随从句。注:陈述部分的主语是I,疑问部分要用 arent I。eg: Im as tall as your sister,arent I?(2)不定代词当陈述部分的主语是one时,后面的疑问句可用one/he.no one时,后面附加疑问句中主语用they。Everything,anything, nothing, something时,附加疑问句中主语用it不用they。this,that,或those, these时,附加疑问句中主语用it或

3、they.everyone,everybody,someone,somebody,anyone,nobody等时,附加疑问句中主语一般用they(口头语,非正式文体)/he(正式文体)。不定式时,动名词,其他短语,附加疑问句中主语一般用it。there be句型时,附加疑问句中一般用be/情态动词/助动词+there。陈述部分有Youd like to +v.疑问部分用wouldnt +主语。2 否定意义的词(1)当陈述部分有never,seldom, hardly,few,little,barely, scarcely, nothing,none, rarely, no,not, no on

4、e, nobody, neither等否定意义的词汇时,后面的反意疑问句则为肯定形式e.g: There re few apples in the basket, are there?e.g: He can hardly swim,can he?e.g: They seldom come late, do they?(2)当陈述部分的主语为everyone, someone, anyone, no one等表示人的不定代词时,疑问部分的主语用they或hee.g: Everyone in your family is a teacher, arent they/isnt he?(3)当陈述部分

5、的主语为everything, something, anything, nothing等表示物的不定代词时,疑问部分的主语用it。eg: Something is wrong with your watch, isnt it?(4)当陈述部分含有否定意思的词是unhappy, dislike, unfriendly,等含有否定词缀的派生词,也就是有un, dis, no-前缀、-less后缀等含有词缀而意思否定的词,当作肯定句处理,疑问部分要用否定形式。eg: He looks unhappy, doesnt he? 他看上去不高兴,不是吗?eg: The girl dislikes his

6、tory, doesnt she? 这女孩不喜欢历史,不是吗?(5)当陈述部分有less, fewer等词视为肯定词,疑问部分用否定形式。eg: There will be less pollution, wont there?注:否定前缀不能视为否定词,其反意疑问句仍用否定形式。eg: It is impossible,isnt it?eg: He is not unkind to his classmates, is he?3 表示主语的词含有think,believe, suppose, imagine, expect等动词后接宾语从句构成的主从复合句在构成反意疑问句时,视情况不同有两种

7、不同的构成方式。(即当主句是I think,I believe,I suppose,I imagine,I expect, I guess时要反问从句,其余句式均反问主句。)(1)当主句的主语为第一人称时,其后的简短问句应与从句相一致。例如:eg: I expect our English teacher will be back this weekend, wont she/he?eg: We suppose you have finished the project, havent you?值得注意的是,当这些动词后接的宾语从句的否定转移到主句时,其仍属否定句,故其后的简短问句应用肯定式,

8、而非否定式。eg: I dont believe that he can translate this book, can he?eg: We dont imagine the twins have arrived, have they?此类句子的回答同前否后肯型反意疑问句一样,如上述后一个句子,若双胞胎已经到了,则回答为Yes,they have.;若尚未到达,使用No, they havent.。(2)当主句的主语为第二、三人称时,其后的简短问句则应与主句相一致(此时,否定只看主句,与从句无关)。eg: Your sister supposes she needs no help, doe

9、snt she?eg: You thought they could have completed the project, didnt you?eg: They dont believe shes an engineer, do they?eg:She doesnt expectthat we are coming so soon, does she?(3)但如果主句的时态是过去时等等,疑问句应和主句的人称时态保持一致。4 have陈述部分有hadbetter,或其中的had表示完成时态时,疑问句应用hadnt等开头:eg: Youd betterget up early, hadnt yo

10、u?其他情况句中有have时疑问句应用dont等开头。如have表示“有”的时候,有两种形式:(have 表示有可用do或have来改写)eg: He has twosisters, doesnt he? = He has two sisters, hasnt he?eg: He doesnt haveany sisters, does he?5 祈使句当陈述部分是祈使句时,疑问句要根据语气来表达,分三种情况:(1)一般情况下用will you或wont you。eg: Give me a hand,will you?eg: Leave all the things as they are,

11、wont you?eg: Dont spoil your child, will you?eg: Take his dirty gloves away ,wont you?(2)以Lets(听者包括在内)开头的祈使句,前肯后可肯可否,疑问句必须用shall we(shall只用于第一人称);只有以Letus(听话人不被包括在“us”里面)或Let me开头的祈使句,问句才用will you。eg: Let us know the time of your arrival, will you?eg: Lets try again, shall we?eg: Let me help you, wi

12、ll you?eg: Lets have a look on your book,shall we?(3)当陈述句是否定的祈使句时,问句可用will you或can youeg:Dont make much noise, will/can you?(4)陈述部分的谓语是wish,疑问部分要用may +主语eg: I wish to have a word with you, may I?6 There be句型There be句型中,反义疑问部分必须为be动词 + thereeg: There are some apples in the basket, arent there?eg: The

13、re isnt any milk left, is there?thereused to be,反义疑问句有两种形式:didnt there和usednt there.eg: There used tobe some cities wall, usednt there? 或:There used to be some cities wall, didnt there?7 must当陈述部分有情态动词must,问句有4种情况:(1)mustnt表示“禁止,不可,不必”时,附加问句通常要用must。eg: You mustnt stop your car here, must you?你不能把车停

14、在这地方,知道吗?(2)must表示“有必要”时,附加问句通常要用neednt。eg: They must finish the work today, neednt they?他们今天要完成这项工作,是吗?(3)must be表推测,用来表示对现 在的情况进行推测时,问句通常要根据must后面的动词采用相应的形式。eg: He must be good at English, isnt he? 他英语一定学得很好,是吗?eg: She must be a good English teacher, isnt she? 她一定是位优秀的英语老师,是吗?(4)当must have done表示对

15、过去的情况进行推测(一般句中有明确的过去时间状语),问句要根据陈述部分谓语的情况用“didnt+主语”或“wasnt/werent+主语”;如果强调动作的完成(一般没有明确的过去时间状语),问句要用“havent/hasnt+主语”。eg: She must have read the novel last week, didnt she?她上星期一定读了这本小说,不是吗?eg:You must have told her about it, havent you?你一定把这事告诉她了,不是吗?8感叹句中,疑问部分用否定的助动词加sb/stheg: What a fine day it is

16、today!What a fine day it is today,isn“t it?eg: How fast heruns!How fast he runs,doesn”t he?eg:What a long time we have been waiting!What a long time we have been waiting ,havent we?9陈述部分由neither nor, either or 连接的并列主语时,疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定。eg: Neither you nor I am engineer, are we?10 陈述部分为主语从句或并列复合句,疑问部分

17、有三种情况:(1)并列复合句疑问部分,谓语动词根据邻近从句的谓语而定。eg: Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldnt he?(2)带有定语从句,宾语从句的主从复合句,疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定:eg: He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he? 他不是给我们演讲的人,是吗?eg:He said he wanted to visit Japan, didnt he? 他说他想去日本参观,不是吗?11带情态

18、动词dare或need的反意疑问句,疑问部分常用 need (dare ) +主语。eg: We need not do it again, need we ?eg: He dare not say so, dare he?注:当dare, need为实义动词时,疑问部分用助动词do + 主语。eg: She doesnt dare to go home alone, does she?二、反意疑问句的回答1 前肯后否,前否后肯,根据事实从后往前翻译。eg: They work hard,dont they?他们努力工作,不是吗?Yes, they do.对,他们工作努力。/No, they

19、dont.不,他们工作不努力eg: They dont work hard, do they? 他们不太努力工作,是吗?Yes, they do. 不,他们工作努力。/No, they dont. 是的, 他们工作不努力。2 肯定反意疑问句的回答当陈述部分为否定式,反意疑问句为肯定式时,其回答往往与汉语不一致,需特别引起注意:It isnt cheap, is it? Yes, itis. “它不便宜吧?”“不,很便宜。”He doesnt love her, does he? No, he doesnt.“他不爱她,是吗?”“是的,他不爱她。”3 反意疑问句的回答当陈述部分为肯定式,反意疑问

20、句为否定式时,其回答一般不会造成困难,一般只需照情况回答即可:Itsnew, isnt it? Yes, it is. “是新的,对吗?”“对,是新的。”He wants to go, doesnt he? No, he doesnt.“他想去,对吗?”“不,他不想去。”2 否定反义疑问句的回答当陈述部分为肯定式,反义疑问句为否定式时,其回答一般不会造成困难,一般只需照情况回答即可:eg: Its new, isnt it? Yes, it is. “是新的,不是吗?”“是,是新的。” 此时,Yes即是,对前面Its new.的肯定。eg:He wants to go, doesnt he?

21、No, he doesnt. “他想去,不是吗?”“不,他不想去。”3 回答反义疑问句的原则回答反意疑问句通常应根据实际情况来确定,如有人问你You are asleep, arent you? 你应回答No, Im not.因为既然你能回答,肯定你还没有asleep。但如果别人问你You arent asleep, are you?(你还没有睡着,对吗),你也只能回答No, Im not.(是的,还没有睡着),而不能回答为Yes, Im not. 也不能回答成 Yes, I am.eg: “It is a beautiful flower,isnt it?” “It isnt a beaut

22、iful flower,is it?”上述两句句子的回答肯定均为“Yes,it is.否定为“No,itisnt.由上述例子可知,反义疑问句回答与句子本身所包含的中文肯定与否的含义并无太大关联,只需注意事实,肯定即用yes,否定用no,无需考虑句子原本是前否后肯或是前肯后否。(建议在答题时,先按照实际写后面的答句,再根据前后一致原则写Yes或No。)综上所述,反义疑问句回答就是按实际情况回答。对反意疑问句的回答,无论问题的提法如何,如果事实是肯定的,就用yes,事实是否定的,就要用no。但是,翻译成汉语意思刚好相反,这种回答的yes要译成“不”,no要译成“是”。例:He likes play

23、ing football, doesnt he? 他喜欢踢足球,不是吗?Yes, he does. /No, he doesnt. 是的。/ 不是。His sister didnt attend the meeting, did she? 他妹妹没有参加会议,是吗?Yes, she did. /No, she didnt. 不,她参加了。/ 是的,她没参加。三、巩固练习1ZhouMing has few English magazines,_?A.does he B.doesnt heC.has he D.hasnt he2Cindy could hardly speak English th

24、ree years ago,_?A. couldnt she? B. couldshe C. can she3 Alice had a wonderful time yesterday,_?A. hadnt she B. wasnt sheC. didnt she D. wouldnt she4She didnt come to school yesterday, did she?_, though she was not feeling well.A. No, she didnt B. Yes, she didntC. No, she did D. Yes,she did5-He hardl

25、y spent any time on his subjects,_?-_, so he does badly in his lessons.A .didnt he, Yes B. did he, YesC. didnt he, No D. did he, No6Hes read this book before,_ ?A. hasnt he B. doesnt heC. isnt he D. wasnt he7 Lets go for a walk, _?- OK, Im coming . Dont forget to bring your camera, _?A. will you; wi

26、ll you B. will you; shall weC. shall we; shall we D. shall we; will you8John had a short walk after lunch, _?A. did he B. didnt he C. had he D. hadnt he9 Nancy hardly rings you up, _?A. doesnt she B. does sheC. doesnt Nancy D. does Nancy10-Your brother often disagrees with you, _ he?- _. We often ha

27、ve different opinions.A.does; Yes B. doesnt ;YesC. does; No D. doesnt; No11Kates never late for school, ?A.isnt sheB.hasnt heC.is sheD.has she12- Liu Tao has never read the book The Adventure of Tom Sawyer , _ he?- _. He told me its very interesting. Hed like to read it again.A. is; No, he isnt B. h

28、as; Yes, he hasC. isnt; Yes, he is D. hasnt; No, he hasnt13Hes never late for school, _ ?No, he isnt .He is always very early.A. is he B. isnt heC. hasnt he D. has he14Theres little meat left in the fridge, _?_. Ill get some on my way home.A. is there, YesB. isnt there, YesC. is there, No D. isnt th

29、ere, No15Tom finished his homework, didnt he?_, though he was ill yesterday.A. No, he didntB. Yes, he didC. Yes, he doesD. No, he doesnt16There is little water in the cup, ?A. is there B. isnt there C. isnt it17 Hes still not understood by his close friend although he has said sorry to him, _?A. has

30、nt he B. has heC. isnt he D. is he18You have never visited the place before,_ you?A. did B. didntC. have D. havent19 Dont keep poison in the kitchen, _?A. do you B. shall weC. will you D. dont you20 There are no museums in our city, _?A. arent thereB. are thereC. is there D. isnt there21Your father

31、is playing the piano very well,he?A.is B.isnt C.does D.doesnt22 Its her birthday tomorrow, _ ? Yes, lets have a surprise party for her.A. isnt itB. isnt sheC. doesnt itD. doesnt she23- Hes never stolen anything before, _ he?- _. Its his third time to be taken to the police station.A. hasnt; Yes B. h

32、as;NoC. has; Yes D. is; No24 Its her birthday tomorrow, _ ? Yes, lets have a surprise party for her.A. isnt itB. isnt sheC. doesnt itD. doesnt she25-Your father never watched the drama series on TV, _?-_. He thinks theses drama series are boring and dull.A.does he; Yes, he does.B. does he; No, he do

33、esntC. doesnt he ; Yes, he does.D. doesnt he ; No, he doesnt .26 Tom is an honest boy, _ he?Yes. We trust him all the time.A. isntB. isC. doesD. doesnt27Good, youve done it well! You need no more help from us, _.?A. do you B. need youC. dont youD. neednt you28His father had an important meeting just

34、 now,_?A. did he B. had heC. didnt he D. hadnt he29 - You used to be short, didnt you?- _. I was the shortest in my class.A. Yes, I did. B. No, I didnt.C. Yes, I was. D. No, I wasnt.30The farmer is working now. Hes fed the horse and the sheep, _?A. doesnt he B. isnt heC. wasnt he D. hasnt he参考答案1A【解

35、析】试题分析:句意为:周明几乎没有英语杂志对吗?这是一个反义疑问句,反义疑问句的结构遵循前肯定后否定或者前否定后肯定,前后人称、时态一致的原则。结合语境可知,few有否定意义,故应选A。考点:考查反义疑问句。2B【解析】试题分析:hardly意为“几乎不”,是一个否定意义的副词,反意疑问句要遵循“前肯后否,前否后肯”的原则,句意:Cindy三年前几乎不能讲英语,不是吗?故选B。考点:考查反意疑问句的用法。3C【解析】试题分析:句意:爱丽丝昨天过得很愉快,对吗?所以选C。考点:考查反意疑问句。【答案】D【解析】试题分析: 句意:昨天她没有来学校是吗?不,尽管她感觉不舒服,但是她还是来了。此题考查

36、反意疑问句,根据句意,故选D。考点:考查反意疑问句的答语。5D【解析】试题分析:句意:他几乎不在功课上花费时间,是吗?是,所以他功课很差。前面有hardly表否定,所以反义疑问句用肯定的,排除A、C,根据后面的答句说他课程学得很差,表示他几乎不学习,所以选No,表示不学习的意思。考点: 考查反意疑问句。6A【解析】试题分析:句意:以前他已经读过这本书了,不是吗?因为前面的缩写代表的是has,反意疑问句,前肯定,后否定,选A。考点:考查反意疑问句.7D【解析】试 题分析:句意:咱们去散散步,好吗?好吧,我就来。别忘了带上你的相机,好吗?反意疑问句是英语四大问句之一,它是由一个陈述句加上一个短问句

37、而构成的。反意疑问句的基本构成形式是:陈述句+动词(肯定或否定)+主语? 使用反意疑问句要注意以下若干对应规则:反意疑问句中问句部分的动词与陈述部分的动词在语气上成相反的对应关系,即:肯定+否定? 否定+肯定?反意疑问句中问句部分的动词与陈述部分的动词种类要对应一致。反意疑问句中问句部分的动词在时态上应和陈述部分的时态一致。陈述部分为Let me时,问句部分习惯上用shall I? 或will you?形式。陈述部分为Let us时,问句部分习惯上用will you?形式。陈述部分为Lets时,问句部分习惯上用shall we?形式陈述部分用上述情况以外的祈使句时,问句部分一般用will yo

38、u?形式表示请求,用wont you?形式表示委婉请求或邀请陈述部分为否定祈使句时,问句部分一般用willyou?形式。所以选D。考点:考查反意疑问句。8B【解析】试题分析:句意:约翰午饭之后进行一个短途的散步,对吗?分析:考查反意疑问句的用法,前句肯定形式,反意部分用否定形式;否则反之。同时主句体现一般过去时,因此借助于does.故选 B考点:考查反意疑问句的用法。9B【解析】试题分析:句意:南希几乎不给你打电话,是不是?此题是考查反义疑问句句的用法,因陈述部分有否定词hardly,所以简短问句应用肯定形式;同时反意疑问句中的简短问句中不能出现名词,故选B。考点:考查反意疑问句的用法10B【

39、解析】试题分析:句意:-你的兄弟经常反对你,对吗?-是的。我们经常有不同个人意见。分析:考查反意疑问句的用法:主句肯定形式,反意部分用否定形式。因此用doesnt; 通过答语我们有不同个人看法,所以用肯定回答。故选B考点:考查反意疑问句的用法。11C【解析】试题分析:句意:凯特上学从来不迟到,是吗?根据never可知前面主句否定形式,故此处用肯定形式。因为谓语是is,故此处为is she。故选C。考点:考查反义疑问句的用法。12B【解析】试 题分析:句意:刘涛从未读过汤姆.索亚历险记,是不是?不,他读过,他告诉我这本书非常有趣,他想再读一遍。第一空是考查反意疑问句,因陈述部分 有助动词has并

40、有否定词never,所以简短问句中要用肯定形式has he构成;根据句意回答根据事实是肯定的,所以要用肯定形式回答,故选B。考点:考查反意疑问句的用法13A【解析】试题分析:句意:-他上学从不迟到,对吗?-是的,他没有。他一直来的非常早。分析:考查反意疑问句的用法,前句为肯定形式,反意部分为否定形式;前句为否定形式,反意部分为肯定形式。本句的主句为否定形式,因此反意部分用肯定形式。同时时态为一般现在时。故选A考点:考查反意疑问句的用法。14C【解析】试题分析:句意:冰箱里几乎没有肉了,是不是?是的,在回家的路上我去买一些。第一空是考查反意疑问句,因陈述部分有否定词little,所以简短问句用肯

41、定形式;回答根据“根据事实,前后一致”的原则,事实上确实没有肉了,所以用否定回答,因此此题选C。考点:考查反意疑问句及其回答15B【解析】试 题分析:英语中反义疑问的回答只依据事实,不管是问句是肯定形式还是否定形式.回答时,一般首先要做出肯定或者否定的回答.其形式一般为:肯定回 答:Yes, +主语(通常是代词)+助动词;否定回答:No,+主语(通常是代词)+ 助动词 not.(的缩写形式).注意助动词和人称代词人称与数上同问句保持一致.句意:汤姆完成了作业,是吗?根据下文,尽管他昨天生病了。可知前文为肯定回 答,故选B。考点:考查反义疑问句16A【解析】试题分析:句意:被子里没有水了,是不是

42、,对于反意一般疑问句遵循反意疑问句的基本结构,可以简单归结成“前肯定,后否定”或“前否定,后肯定”。因为little表示否定意义,故疑问部分是肯定的,根据语境可知故选A。考点:考查反意疑问句。17D【解析】试题分析:句意:他仍然没被他最好的朋友理解,虽然他已经对他说了对不起。反义疑问句由两部分组成:前一部分是一个陈述句,后一部分是一个简短的疑问句,两部分的人称时态应保持一致。陈述部分肯定式,疑问部分否定式结合句意,故选D考点:考查反义疑问句。18C【解析】试题分析:句意:你以前从未参观过这个地方,是吗?此处是反意疑问句,根据have never visited可知此处用现在完成时,故排除AB两

43、项。前半句用否定句,故后半句用肯定形式,故选C。考点:考查反意疑问句。19C【解析】试题分析:句意:不要把有毒的东西留在厨房里,是吗?否定的祈使句变反义疑问句,用will you。结合句意,故选C。考点:考查反义疑问句的用法20B【解析】试题分析:句意:在我们城市没有博物馆,是不是?此题是考查反意疑问句,陈述部分有助动词are,所以简短问句也应由are构成,同时陈述部分有否定词no,所以简短问句要用肯定形式,故选B。考点:考查反意疑问句21B【解析】试题分析:句意:你的父亲正弹钢琴弹得很好,不是吗?此处是一个反意疑问句,前半句是肯定句,故后半句是否定句。前半句的助动词是is,故后半句用助动词isnt。故选B。考点:考查反意疑问句的用法。22

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