【2019届高三英语二轮复习】语法填空教案

1、语法填空适用学科高中英语适用年级高中三年级适用区域通用课时时长(分钟)2课时知识点.语法填空解题步骤.语法填空解题技巧.纯格式形式的语法填空、给出了动词的题、词类转换的题型教学目标学生能够掌握基本的做题技巧，根据做题方法答题。教学重点语法填空的解题技巧教学难点无提示词累的语法填空教学过程一、 课堂导入语法填空是英语高考中的新题型，共10个小题，每小题1.5分，满分仍为15分，难度却大大加大。语法填空题旨在考查大家在阅读理解的基础上对语法 和语言知识的掌握情况，着重考查综合运用语言的能力。这样，我们在平时准备的时候就要花更多的功夫。除了熟记、熟练语法、单词，还应该多做阅读题，在 掌握基础知识的基

2、础上，提升运用语言知识的能力。二、复习预习The Internet has become part of young people1 s lifereport shows that38% of students often use the Internet . Most of them get 2 (use) information on the Internet 3 use the Internet to help in their studies. But many students don u se it 4 a good way. Some play games too much,so

3、me visit websites 5 shouldn look at. So bad things may happenstudents spend too much time on the Internet.is important for students to use the Internet properly. Now we have a textbook, 8 uses many examples to teach students some good ways to use the Internet. It gives useful advice.Some students al

4、so make 9 on the Internet. But if you want to have a face-to-face 10 (meet) with your online friends, let your parents know and meet in a proper place.A .从下文中可以看出这是一个报道表明，前文还没有出现，无须特指.考查冠 词的用法.useful.提示词 use有名词和动词的词性，在这里是要一个形容词修饰 information.考察词性的判定和转化。and.从这个句子要表达的意思来看get和use是并列的谓语动词。in . 固定搭配，in a

5、 way表示用某种方法。they.这是一个省略了 that/which的定语从句，从句子成分来看，此句缺乏主 语，是用来修饰 websites而关系代词在定语从句种作宾语，故省略，填 they来 作从句中的主语。if .从上一句话承接下来的一个结果，但用了情态动词may此空应该填连词来引导一个条件状语从句。It.形式主语it代替真正的主语-不定式to use the Internet.which.通过句子分析法可以知道这是一个非限制性的定语从句。friends.由语境，下文中online friends推断出make friends这个短语。meeting .提示词 meet虽有名词词性，但

6、have a meetin超习惯搭配。三、知识讲解考点/易错点1解题步骤.通读全文，了解大意，为下一步填空做好准备。.试填空格，先易后难，这是解题的关键。要结合短文所提供的特定的语境（也 就是上下文），从句子结构的完整性去分析思考空格所缺单词的词性，再根据 句子的意义，以及句子之间的逻辑关系来确定具体要填的单词和所给词的正 确形式。.重读全文，解决难题，检查答案。所有空格填好后，要把整篇文章从头至尾 复读一遍，检查单词拼写，大小写，词的单复数等是否正确 。考点/易错点2解题技巧：1、浏览全文把握语篇浏览全文的目的是把握其大意，为下一步 填空做好 语义”上的准备，因为语义”决定着空白处应填一个什

7、么意思的词语并采用什么样的语法形式。在通读全文的过程中，为较好地把握其大意，很有必要弄清该文的体裁、题材（语题）、中心思想、写作主线、段落大意、段落层次等。这些有利于考生真正读懂全文大 意，也有利于在 填空”时进行必要的逻辑推理。2、边读边填 先易后难在通读全文，基本了解文章大意之后，就可以动手填空了。填空的过程是一 个判断空白处应填词语的 语义”（已给出词语的除外）和正确的语法 形式”的思 维过程。遇到一时想不起来的空，先跳过去，等检查时再仔细对付，不要用太多 的时间停留在一个单词上3、验证复查清除难点有时间的话，进行复查是必要的。复查的方法是：将所有答案填进”短文并进行通读，以最后确定答案

8、。另外，一题多解也是此种题型常遇到的问题之一。考点/易错点3（一）纯空格试题首先分析句子结构，确定填哪类词；再根据句子意思，确定具体填什么词或根据两句间的逻辑关系确定具体用哪个连词。注：句子的基本结构：主语+谓语动词+宾语主语+系动词+表语He likes football.She is beautiful.1、缺主语或宾语，一定是填代词或名词（多考代词）I can send a message to Lily whenever I want, and _itgets there almost in asecond.解析：横线后的词get是动词，作谓语，横线上的词为主语，则应填入名词或是 代词

9、，而此句译为：我可以在任意时间给Lily信息，而且它立刻就可以送 到她那儿了。因而应该填入代词it代替message2、名词前是空格，且该名词前无限定词，如：冠词（a/an/the）,形容词性物主代词（his/her/your/my等），名词所有格（人称，s）Jt数词（one等），序数词（the first 等），量词 （a pairof 等）或不定代词 some, any, other（s）, another等，贝彳艮可能是 填限定词。It is said that a short-tempered man in Song Dynasty（960-1279） was very anxious

10、 to help his rice crop grow up quickly.解析：rice米饭，是一个名词，前面没有限定词，而此句译为据说宋朝有一个急性子的人，他想让他的水稻长快点。因此，应填入形容词性的物主代词his.名词或代词前面是空格，句中本身已经有主语、表语、宾语，说明该名词或代词不作句子的主语、宾语、表语，则应填入介词。who should have the honor of receiving me_as_a guest in their house.解析：空格位于名词a guest前面，a guest不作句子的主语、宾语、表语，而旬子译为：谁有荣幸让我能作为客人到他家去呢？因此

11、，填入介词 as 表示作为。若两个或几个单词、短语之间没有连词，可能是填连词 (and 等)Each winner receives a gold medal, a diplom,a_and_ a sum of money.解析：gold medal金牌，diploma证书，a sum of money一大笔钱，都是名词，因此应该填入连词 and.若两句(一个主谓关系算一个句子)之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一定是填连词( before, when, but 等)I wanted to visit my grandpa_before_ I went to Beijing.解析： I want

12、 to visit my grandpa, I went to Beijing 是两个句子， 句中无分号或句号，而句子译为：我想在去北京之前看看我的爷爷，因此填入 before.若结构较完整，空格后的谓语动词是原形，特别是与上下文时态不一致或主谓不致时，很可能是填情态动词(can, should 等 ) 或表示强调、倒装的助动词( do, does, did) .To their credit, the four countries _do_ work together in some areas.解析： work 为动词原形，此句主谓宾不缺，结构较为完整，翻译为：值得赞扬的是这几个国家确实在

13、一些领域合作了。因此填入do表示强调。由特殊句式来判断空格处应填入的词。如：it is（was）that强调句，倒装句it 作形式主语、宾语等_It_ is important for us students to study hard at school.（二）、给出了动词的题首先判断要填的词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词，然后按以下两点进行思考。.若句子中除了所给出的动词外没有别的动词，则该动词在剧中充当谓语动词，涉及时态（尤其要注意主语是第三人称单数时的变化）和语态（被动语态be+done）的变化.In London, three people _were taken_ （take） to a

14、 hospital, while others were treated at a local clinic.解析：three people（take） to a hospital句中，有且仅有一个动词 take, 说 明它在句中作谓语，为谓语动词，有时太语态变化，而句子译为：在伦敦 三个人被送到医院治疗，而其他人都在当地的诊所。three peopled被送到 医院，存在被动，因此填入 were taken。.若句中已有谓语动词（除了所给动词外还有别的动词），又不是并列谓语时， 所给动词就是非谓语动词，就要确定用V-ing形式（表示主动和进行卜V-ed形 式（表示被动和完成）,还是用不定式形

15、式to do（表示目的和将来）。_To complete_ （complete） the project on time, we will have to work two more hours.解析： we will have to work two more hours 句中已有谓语 will have to work , 因止匕complete为非谓语，而句子译为：为了准时完成计划，我们不得不多工作两个小时。填入 To complete表示目的。(三)词类转换试题根据该词在句子所作的句子成分确定用哪种形式。.作表语，定语或补语，通常用形容词形式。(be + adj作表语；定语相当于一个a

16、dj,放在名词前)The youth immediately felt _ silent(silence) as tears flew down his big blue eyes.解析：feel是系动词，常接adj作表语，silence的名词形式是silent安静的。.所给的词作句子的主语、及物动词或是介词之后的宾语，用名词形式。These people have made a great .contribution(contribute) to China withtheir work.解析：These people乍句子主语，have madO乍谓语，贝U a great 应该做宾语，填

17、入 contribute 的名词形式 contribution.在冠词、形容词性物主代词后，或冠词+形容词”后，用名词形式With the large numbers of students, the _ operation _(operate) of the system does involve a certain amount of activity.解析：the是冠词，后面应该跟 operate的名词形式operation,句子译为：因为学生数量太多，这个系统的运行还需要大量的实践。.用副词形式修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子，作状语As I looked _closely(clos

18、e) at this girl, I found that 解析：look动词作状语，用副词closely.有的时候会不必改变词类，而要求通过加上前缀im/ un-等，后缀-less等，填入括号中所给词的反义词。Your mistake caused a lot of _unnecessary_(necessary) work in the office.解析： work 名词，前面应该是用形容词作定语，而此句译为：你的错误给办公室带来了很多不必要的错误。因此通过加上前缀un-,填入necessary的反义词unnecessary不必要的注意 ：有时，括号中所给词是动词，但不一定就考查谓语动词

19、或非谓语动词，也有可能是考查词类转换。特别注意，如果括号中所给的词是 形容词 ，所考察内容不外乎其反义词，副词，比较级和词类转换。三、例题精析【例题 1】【题干】 ( 17.11 浙江) Easy Ways to Build VocabularyIts not all that hard to build an advanced and large vocabulary. Like many things in life, its _56_ongoing process, and the best part of the processis that theres enough room fo

20、r improvement, _57_means youll just keep getting better and better. Of course you have to work at it. You wouldnt think that a few _58_(month) of exercise in your teens would be enough _59_ the rest of your life, and thats also true for building your vocabulary-you have to keep at it daily, and pret

21、ty soon you will find that you have an excellent vocabulary.One of the _60_(effect) ways to build vocabulary is to read good books. You need to _61_(real) read at least one good book a week, preferably a classic. This isnt as hard as it _62_(sound), and it is far better than any other method because

22、 you improve your vocabulary while _63_(read) an interesting piece of literature. Another nice thing is that you learn both new words and _64_(they) use unconsciously, meaning that you will tend to use the words _65_(learn) this way in conversations almost automatically.解析 本文介绍了几种积累词汇的方法，题目难度中等。an解析

23、：考查冠词。句意 它是一个持续的过程，an ongoing process#续过程；单数名词前没有修饰词， ongoing 是元音开头的，故用 “ an。 ”which解析： 考查非限制性定语从句。 句意 “意味着你将变得越来越好”设空处指代前面的一句话在从句中作主语，表示 “表示这个过程”用 which 。months解析：考查名词复数。a few修饰可数名词复数，表示些，几个，a few months几个月。for解析：考查介词。根据句意对于你余生而言”，介词用for,表示 于.而言 beenough for sth 对已足够。effective解析：考查词性转化。此处位于冠词与名词之间，

24、需要形容词，要表达 “有效的方法之一 ”的意思，所以将effect 改为形容词 effective。really解析：考查副词。副词修饰动词，really修饰read句意为你需要真正地做到每周读一本好书 ” 。sounds解析：考查谓语动词。听起来，it sounds great sounds作系动词，一般现在时，it为主语，单三人称，故sound要加s。表示听起来的时候，直接用it sounds .尝起来，it tastes 看起来;,it looks reading解析：考查非谓语动词现在分词。逻辑主语you 与动词 read 为主动关系，故用现在分词reading作状语；while为 在

25、期间”后跟doing,表示 当作的时候”。their解析：考查代词。后面的use是名词，前面加形容词性物主代词，表示 它们的 用途”。learned/ learnt解析：考查非谓语动词过去分词。过去分词作后置定语修饰words,表示巴经学过的词”，被动语态用过去分词。【例题2】【题干】(17全国 1) There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical comm

26、unity (医学界) 61 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required_63 (process) the food that we eat, to recover f

27、rom injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt_64(remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. As 65 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 66 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 67 (b

28、e) full of fat and salt; by_68 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(P乞点心、) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 69 (care) not to go to extremes. Like an

29、ything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health.61.as考查介词。根据句意这一趋势最开始被医学界作为一种治疗心脏病方法可知这里表达作为”之意，所以答案填aso 62.effects考查名词单复数。有前面的修饰短语some可知这里的side effects应该用复数，所以答案填 effects。.to process考查非谓语动词。根据固定短语 be required to do sth.被要求做某事”可知此处答案填to process.are removed考查动词时态和语态。设空处

30、是由When引导的时间状语从句，主语是fat and salt (复数)，因此所给词remove要充当谓语，根据上下文可知为一般现在时，而fat and salt与remove存在被动关系，故答案填are removed 65.a考查冠词。根据固定短语as a result结果”，可知答案填a。.worse考查形容词的比较级。此处所给词bad前面有even修饰，所以要用比较级，根据bad-worse-worst可知答案填worse.is考查动词时态。此句主语是Fast food,所以后面的be作谓语，根据上下文语境该用一般现在时，fast food是单数，所以答案填is。.eating考查非谓

31、语动词。By是介词，后接动名词作宾语，所以答案填eating。.careful考查词类转换。此句是一个祈使句，以系动词be开头，系动词后面接形容词作表语，所以care转换成形容词careful。所以答案填careful。.which考查定语从句。根据句意 跟其他食物一样，吃得太多也是有可能的，但这对健康不利”，设空处应该指代前面整句话，所以只能用 which引导非限制性定语从句，所以此处填 which o【例题3】【题干】 One evening, I came across one of son s papers with a failing grade. I alstarted to ye

32、ll his name 31 I suddenly remembered he was in bed asleep. It washis 32 (nine) year of school and his academic career seemed to be in ruins, so Iwas angry. But I put the paper aside and turned to the 33 one, at the top of which were written “ My dad ” . It was a poem about 34e, included the time I h

33、ad to leave work to take him to the hospital because he 35 (break) his finger. So careless was I 36 I had forgotten all about that. He talked about how I wrestled with him in the evenings and 37 good many other things. That paper was suddenly not nearly as important as it had been a few minutes 38 .

34、 I don t know if he planted the poem next to the failing grade to 39 (soft) the blow, but it worked. Instead of a severe lecture, I talked to him about the poem as well as the failed homework, and it began to make sense to me that I could include praise along 40 constructive criticism.【解析】31 .答案为whe

35、n。在语境中考查连词的用法。.答案为ninth。考查序数词在语境中的使用。.答案为next/other。在语境中考查形容词的用法。.答案为which0考查定语从句关系代词的使用能力。.答案为had broken。考查语境中时态用法。.答案为that。考查对句子结构倒装句的掌握情况。.答案为a。考查冠词构成的短语在语境中的运用。.答案为before /earlier。考查对间接引语中时间状语的转变掌握。.答案为soften。考查构词法知识及对上下文的把握。.答案为with o主要考查在语境中对介词的运用。课程小结本次课主要讲解高考新题型，语法填空的解题步骤和解题方法。该部分是阅读和语法的结合部分

36、，要求学生有一定的语法基础，同时也考查学生的阅读能力和语法运用能力。通过本次课技巧的讲解，希望学生能够根据方法做题，提升学生的运用能力课后作业【基础】(17全国 3) She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to challenge of her new A-level course. But unlike school friends,16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 1 (rest

37、) .Instead, she is earning $6500 a day as 2 model in New York.Sarah 3 (tell) that she could be Britain s new supermodel earning a milliondollars in the new year. Her father Peter, 44, wants her to give up school to model full-time But Sarah, 4 has taken part in shows along with top models ,wants 5(p

38、rove) that she has brains as well as beauty , she is determined to carry on with her 6(educate). She has turned down several 7 (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies After school she plans to take a year off to model full time before going to university to get a degree

39、8 engineering or architecture.Sarah says, My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 9 (come) first. I dont want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is 10(certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I dont want to have nothing else to fall back on when I cant model m

40、y more. 【答案】1. resting 2. a 3. has been told/was told 4. who 5. to prove 6. education 7. invitations 8. in 9. comes 10. certainly(16.10 浙江)Magic TouchFrom my hotel room window , I could see a large advertisement board with hisface on it: Jason, the Great Magician.I absent-mindedly turned the 1 (page

41、) of the phone book and came across a city map. Drinking my iced coffee I ran my fingers along the streets 2 the hotel to the opera hall. Not more 3 a half-hour walk, I thought.I looked 4 (quick) at the clock. The show starts in one hour; plenty of time!I drank the rest of my coffee and went to take

42、 a shower. Soon after, I was on my way to the show, 5 (carry) a fancy black handbag and a happy smile.The hall was dark when I came in; the show was about 6 (begin). I made my way backstage just 7 the great magician was putting on his top hat.“Daddy, Im so glad to see you, I8 (whisper). Imin town fo

43、r thewriter s class, but I just couldn t miss your show. I gave him a quick hug and wenback into the seating area, leaving him with a 9 (surprise) smile. I settled down in the darkness, and the curtains opened.Magically, that show remains the Great Jasons best 10 (perform) to this day.【答案】1. pages 2. from 3. than 4. quickly 5. carrying6.to begin 7. when/ as 8. whispered 9. sur