外研版小学英语语法总复习知识点归纳

1、外研版小学英语语法总复习知识点归纳一、时态1、一般现在时表示经常发生得动作或事情，通常用“usually通常，often常常，every-每，sometimes有时，always总就是，”等词。（2）基本结构：主语I/You/We/They/He/She/It肯定句：主语+动词原形或动词第三人称单数形式否定句：主语+don,t+动词原形或者doesnt+动原一般疑问句（Yes/No）Do?Yes,Ido、No,Idont、Does（动词原形）？Yes,he/shedoesNo,he/shedoesntt、特殊疑问句Whatdo,?Howdoesshe（动词原形）?（3）动词第三人称单数形式（同

2、名词单数变成复数方法相同）1.一般情况+s如：walk-walks2、辅音字母+y结尾去y+iesfIy-fIies3、结尾就是s,x,sh,ch+eswatch-watches4、结尾就是0+esdo-does,go-goes5、特殊have-has2.现在进行时(1)表示正在发生得动作，通常用“now现在，Iook瞧，Iinsen听”、(2)基本形式：be+动词-ingeg:Iam(not)doingmyhomework、You/We/Theyare(not)readingHe/She/Itis(not)eating、Whatareyoudoing?Ishereading?(3)动词得现在

3、分词形式(动词+ing)一般情况+ingwaIk-walking结尾就是不发音得e-e+ingeing重读闭音节双写最后一个字母+ingswim-swimmingrun-running3、一般过去时(1)表示过去已经发生得事情，通常用last上一个，justnow刚才，manyyearsago许多年前,yesterday昨天”等词。be动词得过去式：am/is-wasare-were(3)过去式基本结构肯定句：主语+动词过去式Iwentshoppinglastnight、否定句：主语+didnt+动词原形Ididntgoshoppinglastnight、一般疑问句(Yes/No)Did+动词

4、原形？DidyougoshoppingIastnight?特殊疑问句(wh-)Whatdid+动词原形？WhatdidyoudoIastnight?(4)动词过去式得变化：规则动词得变化：一般动词+edpIanted,watered,cIimbed(2)以不发音得e结尾+dIikedtied(3)辅音字母加y结尾-y+iedstudystudied,cry-cried(4)重读闭音节单词，末尾只有一个辅音字双写最后一个字母+edplan-plannedstop-stopped不规则动词得变化：原形过去式原形过去式原形过去式am/iswasareweregowentdodidfindfoundb

5、uyboughteatatefee1feltdrinkdrankteachtaughttaketookreadreadgivegavehavehadputputsingsangdrivedrovemeetmetcutcutbeginbeganmakemade1et1etringrangwritewroteseesawrunranriderodeecamedrawdrewsitsattel1told1earn1earntgetgotcarrycarriedstudystudied4、一般将来时一般将来时表示将来打算做得事或将要发生得事情。常常与tomorrow,nextSunday等时间状语连用

6、。结构：begoingto+动词原形或will+动词原形例如：lmgoingtovisitmygrandpanextweek、二、人称代词主才各Iweyouhesheitthey宾才各meusyouhimheritthem形容词性物主代词myouryourhisheritstheir名词性物主代词mineoursyourshishersitstheris（注：介词，动词后面跟宾格。后面没有名词时用名词性物主代词。）三、可数名词得复数形式1、一般名词：+sbook-books2、辅音字母力uy结尾：-y+iesstorystories3、以s,x,sh,ch，结尾：+esglassglasses

7、;awatch-watches以o结尾：1）有生命得+espotato-potatoes2）无生命得+sphoto-photoes4、以f或fe结尾：-f或fe变为vesknife-knives;sheIf-sheIves5、特殊得名词复数：man-men,woman-women,poIiceman-poIicemen,poIicewoman-poIicewomen,mouse-mice,chiId-chiIdrenfoot-feet,、tooth-teethfish-fish,peopIe-peopIe,Chinese-Chinese,四、不可数名词（没有复数形式）bread,rice,wa

8、ter,juice,miIk,tea,coffee五、缩略形式Im=Iamyoure=youareshes=sheishe*s=heishasn*t=hehas(got)its=itiswho*s=whoiscan*t=cannotisnt=isnotdidnt二didnotweren1t=werenotwasnt=wasnotlet*s=letusII1=1wiII六、a、an、the得用法1、单词得第一读音就是辅音读音:abook,apeach,a“U”单词得第一个读音就是元音读音:anegg,anhour,anF”2、the要注意得：球类前面不加the,pIayfootbaII乐器前面要

9、加the,playthepiano序数词前面要加the,thesecond七、介词1、表示方位：on,in,infrontof,between,nextto,near,beside,at,behind、，under2、表示时间：at:几点前面用at如：atsixoclock,没有day得节日前用at如:atChristmas,固定词组attheweekends,atnight(2)on:用于星期，日期，某一天得上午、下午、晚上(指具体得某一天时)onSunday在星期天onSundaymorning在星期天得上午onMarch8在3月8日；带有Day得节日前用on如：onNationaIDay

10、in:早晨，中午，晚上前用in:inthemorning,intheafternoon,intheevening,月份前用in,如inDecember;季节前用in，如winter;年份前用in,如in1999八、基数词变成序数词得方法1、直接在基数词词尾力u上th。如：seventh第七，tenth第十，thirteenth第十三，2、以y结尾得基数词，变y为i,再加上eth。如：twentieth第二十。3、不规则得。如：first第一，second第二，third第三，fifth第五，eighth第八,ninth第九,tweIfth第十二4、有两个或以上单词组成得基数词只改最后一个单词如

11、twenty-first第二十一。九、some/any得用法1、肯定句中用some:Ihavesometoysinmybedroom、2、问句与否定句中用any:Doyouhaveanybrothersorsisters?HehasntgotanypenciIsinhispenciI-case3、询问想要什么时用some:WouldyouIikesomejuice?CanIhavesomestamps?十、therebe结构1、肯定句(有)：Thereis+单数或不可数名词Thereare+复数注：遵循就近原则，喉靠therebe最近得2、一般疑问句（有吗，）：Isthere?Yes,ther

12、eis/No,thereisnt、Arethere-?Yes,thereare、/No,therearen*t、3、否定句（没有）：Thereisnt、Therearen*t、4、therebe句型与have（has）得区别：therebe表示在某地有某物（或人）；have（has）表示某人拥有某物。十一、祈使句Sitdownplease.Don*topenthedoor,please、Letsgotothepark、（注：祈使句中动词用原形）十二、（情态）动词can,may,must,should,wi11后而直接用动词原形。I/He/She/Theycansing、MayIein?Imus

13、tgonowYoushouldbequietinthelibrary、3、YouIIbegoodfriends、十四、特殊疑问句1、What什么（问什么事，什么物或什么工作等）Whatareyoudoing,Imreading、Whatdidyoudoyesterday?IpIayedbasketball、Whatareyougoingtodo?Itmgoingtodohomework、Whatisthat?Itsabook、Whatdoeshe/shedo?Shesanurse、Whattimeisit?Ifsseven2、Whatcolour问颜色Whatcolourisyourcoat?

14、Itsred、3、when什么时候Whendoyougetup?Igetupatsixthirty、Whenisyourbirthday?Itsonthe21stofDecemberN4、Which哪一个Whichisyourwatch,theyeIlowoneorthewhiteone?TheyeIlowismine、5、Who谁Whoisthemanwithabignose?Hesmyuncle、6、Whose谁得Whosebagisit?Itshisbag、7、Where哪里Whereismypen?Itsunderthebook、8、Why为什么WhydoyouIikesummer?B

15、ecause39、Howmany多少HowmanybooksarethereintheschooIbag?Therearefourbooksintheschoolbag、10、Howold几岁HowoIdistheyoungman?Hesnineteen、11、Howmuch多少钱Howmuchisthetoybear?ItseIevenyuan12、How怎么样(Howlong/big/taII?)Howdoyougotoschooleveryday?Igotoschoolbycar、HowIongistheriver?Its10mileslong、十五、已经学过得动词sayheIpknowIostIivereadruntake1istenta1kseedrawjumpsingdancewantmakebuyhe1pgiveclimbvis