外研版高一英语必修一知识要点总结整理

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上专心-专注-专业专心-专注-专业精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上专心-专注-专业M1 My First Day at Senior High【词性转换】1. enthusiastic adj. 热心的， 热情的enthusiasm n. 心；热情2. amazing adj. 令人惊异的 amazed adj. 感到吃惊的 amaze v. 使吃惊 amazement n. 惊愕，惊异3. information n. 信息 inform vt. 通知， 告知4. instruction n. 指示， 用法说明(常用复数) instruct v.

2、教导， 命令， 指示5. boring adj. 令人厌烦的 bored adj.厌倦的， 烦闷的 bore vt. 使厌烦6. embarrass adj. 尴尬的， 难堪的 embarrass v. 使困窘， 使局促不安 embarrassing adj. 令人为难的 embarrassment n. 窘迫；为难7. behaviour n. 行为， 举止 behave v. 举动， 举止8. description n. 描述；形容；描写 describe vt. 描写， 记述9. impress vt. 使(人)印象深刻；使铭记 impression n. 印象， 感想 impress

3、ive adj. 令人印象深刻的，令人赞叹的；令人敬佩的10. correction n纠正， 改正 correct adj.正确的 correct v改正， 纠正11. encourage v. 鼓励， 激励 encouraging adj. 鼓舞人心的 encouraged adj. 受到鼓舞的， 更有信心的 encouragement n. 鼓励， 奖励12enjoyment n. 享受， 乐趣 enjoy v. 享受， 喜欢 enjoyable adj. 令人愉快的， 有乐趣的13fluency n. 流利， 流畅 fluent adj. 流利的， 流畅的14. disappointe

4、d adj. 失望的 disappointing adj. 使人失望的， 令人失望的 disappoint vt. 使失望 disappointment n. 失望15. assistant n. 助手， 助理 assist v帮助【重点短语】1.be similar to sth. 与某物相似 be similar in 在方面相似e.g.: = 1 * GB3 Her teaching style is similar to that of most other teachers.她的教学风格和多数教师相似。 = 2 * GB3 The two houses are similar in

5、size.两座房子大小差不多。2.attitude to/towards 对的态度 e.g.: If you have a positive attitude to your study, youll make great progress. 如果你对你的学习有一个积极的态度，你就会取得很大进步。3.far from 远离；远远不;完全不e.g.: Research on the matter is far from conclusive. 对这一问题的研究还远远没有定论。4.introduce.sb. to.sb. 把某人介绍给某人e.g.: Tim, may I introduce you

6、 to my uncles secretary, Mary Waller? Tim，我来介绍一下，这位是我叔叔的秘书Mary Waller。5.have fun = have a good time 开心,玩得高兴 make fun of 嘲弄；取笑e.g.: = 1 * GB3 We have fun talking and playing with him. 我们和他一起聊天，玩得很高兴。 = 2 * GB3 Dont make fun of the disabled! 不要戏弄残疾人！6. be enthusiastic about sb./sth. 对某人/事热心 With enthu

7、siasm = enthusiastically 热情地e.g.: = 1 * GB3 She was even less enthusiastic about going to Spain.她对去西班牙更是不感兴趣。 = 2 * GB3 His students welcomed him with enthusiasm. 他的学生怀着极大热情欢迎他。7.give sb. instructions to do sth. 指导某人做某事 follow the instructions 按照说明under ones instructions 在某人的指导下e.g.: = 1 * GB3 The t

8、eacher gave her students instructions to do the experiment. 老师指导学生们做实验。 = 2 * GB3 Im not mechanical like my father; I have to follow the instructions. 我没有爸爸那么精通机械，所以得按说明书上说的去做。 = 3 * GB3 At the age of 4, she began to play ping-pong under her fathers instructions. 4岁时，在父亲指导下开始打乒乓球。in other words 换句话说

9、 in a/one word 简言之；总之e.g.: = 1 * GB3 Inotherwords,ourhabitsmakeuswhoweare.换句话说，我们的习惯决定了我们成为什么样的人 = 2 * GB3 In a word, he tires of everything. 简言之，他对一切都感到厌倦了look forward to sth. 期望某物 look forward to doing sth. 盼望/期待做某事e.g.: He was looking forward to working with the new Prime Minister. 他期待着与新首相共事。10.

10、A is impressed with/by/at B A对B印象深刻 impress sth. on sb. = impress sb. with sth. 使某人铭记某事 sth. have/ leave/make a deep impression on sb. 某事给某人留下深刻印象e.g.: = 1 * GB3 I was deeply impressed by his speech. 我对他的演说印象深刻 = 2 * GB3 My father impressed me with the importance of work. = My father impressed the i

11、mportance of work on me.我父亲要我铭记工作的重要性。 = 3 * GB3 The book left / make a deep impression on him. 这本书留给他深刻的印象。11. make progress 取得进步e.g.: Study well and make progress every day. 好好学习，天天向上。12. be disappointed with sb. 对某人失望e.g.: I cant be disappointed with myself, I have to be stronger. 我不能对自己失望，我要坚强起来

12、。13.mind doing 介意做某事e.g.: I dont mind helping if you cant find anyone else.如果你找不到别人，我乐意帮忙。14. on the screen 在屏幕上15. be divided into 被分成 divide sth. into 把某物分成（若干部分） separate A from B 把A 与B 分开e.g.: = 1 * GB3 The year is divided into twelve months. 一年分为12个月。 = 2 * GB3 Lets divide the class into groups

13、. 让我们把班分成小组。 = 3 * GB3 Six divided by two is three. 6除以2等于3。 = 4 * GB3 They want to separate teaching from research 他们想把教学和研究分开。 = 5 * GB3 England is separated from France by the English Channel. 英国和法国之间隔着英吉利海峡。16. be nothing like 一点儿不像，丝毫不像e.g.: And as I grew up I realized that life is nothing like

14、 that. 当我长大了，我意识到生活才不是那样的呢。17. in a fun way 用有趣的方式e.g.: We hope that our program will encourage more and more people to learn English in a fun way. 希望通过这个栏目，会使更多的人在轻松愉快中学好英语。18. be bored 感到厌倦e.g.: I get the impression that he is bored with his job. 我得到的印象是他对工作感到厌倦。19. feel good about doing sth. 感到做某

15、事快乐e.g.: I dont feel good about seeing road kill. 看到路上被轧死的动物，我觉得不舒服20. So it is with A / It is the same with A A 也是如此e.g.: Tom is clever and he studies hard, so it is the same with Jackson. = Tom is clever and he studies hard, So it is with Jackson.汤姆非常聪明并且学习努力，杰克森也是一样。【必备例句】我们非常渴望再见到你。Were so much

16、looking forward to seeing you again.我们一直盼望的假期快到了。The holiday we have been looking forward to is drawing near.消息传来说市长不久就要来我们的学校参观。Word came that the mayor would soon pay a visit to our school.(陕西高考)Ten years ago the population of our village was twice as large as that of theirs.桌子上的书要比书架上的书更有价值。The b

17、ooks on the desk are of more value than those on the shelf.这么多年后见到我的叔叔是一个难忘的时刻，一个我会永远铭记的时刻。Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment，one I will always treasure.使我们感到惊奇的是，参加会议的人数是我们预想的两倍。To our surprise，we got twice as many people to attend the meeting as we expected.这座房子的价格是

18、两年前的三倍。The price of this house is three times what it was two years ago.今年汽车的产量是去年的两倍。The output of cars this year is twice that of last year.玛丽现在新工作进展顺利，她挣的工资是去年的两倍。Mary is now getting on well with her new job and she earns twice as much as she did last year.李刚事件对我们社会产生不良影响，郭美美事件也是如此。The case of Li

19、 Gang had a bad effect on society，so did that of Guo Meimei. 他没有完成家庭作业，我也没有完成。He didnt finish his homework，neither did I.艾丽斯是个学生并且学习努力。Alice is a student and works hard.【语法归纳】一、一般现在时态结构：do/does意义：表示从过去到现在直至将来的一段时间内发生的动作或存在的状态。有六种常规用法1. 表示普遍的事实或真理2. 表示重复活动3. 表示正在发生的动作4. 表示将来发生的动作5. 表示过去发生的动作6. 一般现在时态

20、指代现在完成时态具体来说：1. 表示普遍的事实或真理实际上是表示不受时间限制的科学事实、客观真理、谚语格言，以及用于概括结论和观点等。这些动作或者状态的发生不受限于某个特点的时间。e.g.: The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.太阳从东方升起，在西方落下。 Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量。 Opportunity always favor the prepared minds. 机遇只偏爱那些有准备的人。2. 表示重复活动就是我们常说的：经常发生的、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。e.g.: He walks to sc

21、hool every day.(习惯性动作) 他每天步行去上学。 I like rice for dinner.(习惯性的状态) 我晚饭喜欢吃米饭。补充：这个用法常常和一些表示动作频率的时间副词连用(1)肯定：always, frequently, usually, sometimes, generally, occasionally 和often.(2)否定：never, seldom和rarely(3)频率：once a week, twice a year和 on alternate days使用上面这些副词的时候，要注意下面几点：(1) 位置：用在be动词后面，实意动词前面。e.g.:

22、 He is always late.（用在be动词后面） 他总是迟到。 He always goes to school by bike.（用在实意动词前面）他总是骑车上学。(2) 有否定意义的副词不能再与福鼎助动词（如：dont或doesnt）连用。e.g.: He doesnt seldom come late. （错误！不能这么说） He seldom comes late. 他很少来晚。(3) 否定句中的位置：放在否定助动词前面，always除外。e.g.: His wife complains that he sometimes doesnt listen to her.他妻子抱怨

23、说他有时候不听（倾听或者听从）她的。 He doesnt always leave before 6 oclock. Sometimes he works until 7 oclock. 他不是总是在六点前离开，有时候他工作直到7点钟。另外：一般现在时态(do/does) 和 现在完成进行时态(have been doing) 都能表示重复动作。区别是：一般现在时态：没有时间段的概念，只是在泛泛地谈时间。现在完成进行时：表示说话的人在书话时脑海中会有一个“截止到目前为止“的时间段的概念。3. 表示正在发生的动作在一些特定的场合，常用一般现在时态表示正在进行中的动作(1) 在there或here

24、开头的句子中表示眼前正在发生的短暂动作。e.g.: Here comes your wife. = Your wife is coming.你妻子来了。 There goes our bus, well have to wait for the next one.我们的公交开走了，我们只能等下一班了。(2) 在球赛解说 或者 动作示范 的时候表示正在发生的瞬间动作。e.g.: Michael passes to Clint, Clint to Jack, Jack back to Clint, and Clint shoots, and its a goal.Michael传给Clint，Cl

25、int传给Jack，Jack又传回给Clint，Clint射门，球进了！ Watch carefully. First I pick up the receiver, dial the number I want, then drop the coin into the slot as required.仔细看，首先我拿起话筒，拨打我想要的号码，然后按照要求把硬币投进投币口。4. 表示将来发生的动作其实就是我们常说的主将从现(1) 用在条件状语从句（引导词有：if 和unless） 或 时间状语从句中(引导词有：when, as soon as, before 和 after 等)e.g.:

26、You will be able to see something if you climb onto those rocks.如果你爬到那些石头上面，你将能看到一些东西。 Ill give the book to him as soon as I see him.我一见到他就会把这本书给他。不过，如果从句中需要表达“愿意或不愿意“的意思时，从句中可以用will.e.g.: If they will not accept a check, we shall have to pay in cash, though it would be much trouble for both sides.如

27、果他们不愿意接受支票，我们将不得不用现金支付。尽管这对双方来说都很不方便。 If you will continue to fight, the victory will certainly be yours.如果你们愿意继续战斗，那么胜利必将是你们的（属于你们）。(2)在说到“按照未来的计划“或者”时刻表“在将来要发生的动作时：e.g.: The train starts at 2 oclock. 火车将在2点钟发车。 They leave for Shanghai by train tomorrow evening.他们明晚要做火车去上海。(3) 有时主句中用了将来时态，在“定语从句”中表

28、示将来的动作，（并不是时间或条件状语从句中的主将从现,但是可以参考去理解）。e.g.: I will reward the person who finds my lost kitten.我将会奖励那个（找到丢失的小猫咪的人）。 I will give the booklet to whoever asks for it. 我将会把这个小册子（给任何问我要的）人。5. 表示过去发生的动作(1) 表示（死者的）理论、著作、名言等。e.g.: Francis Bacon says, ”Reading makes a full man; conference a ready man; and wri

29、ting an exact man.”(名言中省略了两个makes)弗拉西斯 培根说：“读书使人充实，讨论使人机智，写作使人准确”。(2) 引用书刊、报纸、通知或者新近收到的信件内容时：e.g.: The newspaper reads, “the criminal who killed eight women has been executed.”报纸上说那个杀了八个女人的罪犯已经被处决了。 The sign on the washing machine says, ”Out of Order.” 洗衣机上的牌子写着：“故障，维修中”。6. 一般现在时态指代现在完成时态在口语中，hear,

30、find, see, learn, tell, read等，用“现在完成时”或者“一般现在时”都可以，意义区别微乎其微。 I am (= have been) informed that you have been there.我被告知你去过那里。 I hear (= have heard) that he has left Beijing.我听说他已经离开了北京。 I see/find (= have seen/find) that you have your hair cut. You look terrific.我发现你把头发给剪了。你看起来容光焕发啊。 I read (= have r

31、ead) in the newspaper that the criminal who killed eight women has been executed. 我在报纸上看到那个杀了八个女人的罪犯已经被处决了。二、以-ing结尾和-ed结尾的形容词以-ing结尾的形容词意为 “令人的”，用于描述引起某种情感的人或物。以-ed 结尾的形容词意为“的”，用于描述人的感受。也就是说当你看到一个-ing形容词修饰的人或物，会产生出一个-ed形容词修饰的感受。When I saw a frightening ghost, I was frightened.当我见到一只可怕的鬼魂，我感觉很害怕。单纯的记成“ing修饰物，ed修饰人”这个规则在高中阶段已经不够用了。e.g.: I saw his embarrassed face when he was late for class again.当他又一次上课迟到的时候，我看见了他（感到）尴尬的脸。（尽管脸是物而不是人，但因为是人感受到尴尬从而在脸上表现出尴尬，所以此处要用-ed 结尾的形容词embarr