七年级上册英语全册语法知识点梳理

1、目录第一讲：动词1： Be 动词2.动词第三人称单数第二讲：代词.人称代词及物主代词.指示代词第三讲：名词.名词的数.名词的所有格第四讲：数词.基数词.序数词第五讲：介词第六讲：句型.肯定句.否定句.一般疑问句.特殊疑问句.There be 句型第一讲：动词(一)Be 动词(am, is, are)的用法 口诀：I 用 am , you 用are ,is连着他（he）她（she）它（it）。单数统统用is,复数一律都用 are. 变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃，变否定，更容易， be 后 not 莫忘记，疑问否定任你变，句首大写莫迟疑。注意： be 动词通常会和其他词连写在一起，如： I m

2、, what s ,namd s, they re等 For example: -What is your name?= -Whaf s your name? -My name is Cindy. = -My name s Cindy. -Are you a student? = -Are you a student? -Yes, I am a student. =- Yes, I m a student. -What are they? =-What are they? -They are apples. =They re apples. What is this?=What s this?

3、ExercisesI a student.You Japanese.He my brother. She very nice.My name Harry.I 10 years old. LiLei very tall.Mary, this Tom. What this?Miss Zhou my teacher. This book veryinteresting.Li Lei and I good friends.These apples.Those bananas. They students.There some bread on the plate. The catblack.she f

4、rom China? you good at English?The books on the desk. The black pants for SuYang.This not Wang Fangs pencil.Here some sweaters for you.Therea girl in the room.This pair of boots for Yang Ling.David and Helen from England?Theresome milk for me.There some apples on the tree. there anykites in the clas

5、sroom?Gao Shans shirt over there. Some tea inthe glass.My sisters name Nancy. there anyapple juice in the bottle?My telephone number8563-0770.(二)动词第三人称单数的构成规则：a.一般情况下在动词词尾加 s 如： getgets likelikes play plays， wantwants， work works， know knows， help helps， get gets b. 以字母 s、 x、ch 或 o 结尾的动词加 -es；如： gue

6、ssguesses，fix fixes， teach teaches，brush brushes，go goes， do does， watchwatches，catchcatches c. 以辅音字母 y结尾的动词，先变 y为i,再加-es。如：study- studies, carry carries， fly flies ， worry worries 特殊词： havehasExercises一 完成句子。I(know) the boy.They(go) to work on Sundays.He usually(come) to school early.I often(have)

7、rice, meat and vegetables.My grandfather (play) sports in the park.Miss Li (teach) English in our school.The students of Class Four(sing) a song on Monday.Alice and Jerry (do) homework after school.We(take) a shower in the evening.Her sister(have) Chinese every day.you(have) a soccer ball?Mary (not

8、come) from America. She(come) from Britain.your mother (watch) TV every day? 14.your sister(know) English?15. Who(want) to go swimming?二 用所给词的适当形式填空。We often (play) in the playground.2. He (get) up at six o clock.3. you (brush) your teeth every morning.4. What(do) he usually (do) after school? they

9、(like) the World Cup?Mike sometimes (go) to the park with his sister.At eight at night, she(watch) TV with his parents.Mike (read) English every day?How many lessonsyour classmate(have)on Monday?What time his mother (do) thehousework?He usually (get) up at six in the morning.She(have) blues eyes.We

10、(go) to school every dayThe boy (like) playing football.We(have) no classes on Sundays.She (write) to her mother once a week. 17. It(rain) quite often during the month of July every year.She often(watch) TV on Saturdays.Mike usually (ride) a bike with his friends in thepark.Peter and Mary often(play

11、) badminton together.My mother(have) a lot of cousins.Many people often (listen) to the radio in themorning. (do) she (like) playing the violin? Yes,she(do).She (have) four brothers. She (like) them verymuch.He often (have) dinner at home.We (not watch) TV on Monday.Sandy usually (play) the piano on

12、 Sundays. 28. Thecat(like) eating fish every much.Su Hai and Su Yang (have) eight lessons this term.She and I (take) a walk together every evening.Who(teach) English in your school?May I (know) your address? 33.(be)you twelve?She(like) fish, but she (notlike) meat.Her mother is good at (make) cakes.

13、 36. Mr.Green wants (buy) a new watch. 37.Who(be) your English teacher?My father (go) to bed at 10:00 every evening.His friend (like, play) computer games.Let s (watch) TV.Jim and Tom (like)hamburgers?What kind of movies yourgrandfather(want) to see?Where (be) the two volleyballs?That(be) is his fam

14、ily photo.We can(sing) English songs.He can(do) Chinese Kungfu.What time Mr. Brown (take) a shower?Mrs. Jones (watch) TV in weekends.(be) your sisters in the bedroom?My daughter(watch) TV every day. Sometimes she (see) a film on Sunday.第二讲：代词（一）人称代词及物主代词人称第一人称单数第二人称单数第三人称单数第一人称复数第二人称复数第三人称复数主格Iyouhe

15、sheitweyouthey我你他她它我们你们他（她，它） 们宾格meyouhimheritusyouthem我你他她它我们你们他（她，它）们形容词 性物主 代词myyourhisheritsouryourthei r名词词 性物主 代词mineyour shishersitsoursyour sthei rs我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他（她，它）们 的1.通常情况下，人称代词的主格在句子中作主语。2.通常情况下，人称代词的宾格在句子中作宾语或介词宾语。3.形容词性的物主代词属于限定词，后面要跟它所限定的名词。4.通常情况下，人称代词主格会与跟在它后面的be动词缩写。 如：I am=I

16、m you are=you re he is=he s she is=she s it is =it s we are=we re they are=the，re Exercises一 根据句子前后内容，写出正确的代词。 Li Lei is from China.is Chinese. My name is Gina.am a student. This is Tom.is in Grade Two. His name is Tony.telephone number is 856-0770. She is a is Julia.二.用所给词的适当形式填空That is not kite. T

17、hat kite is very small, but is very big.(I )The dress is. Give it to. (she)Is this watch? (you) No, it s not . (I) is my brother. name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are. (he)dresses are red. (we) What color are ? (you)Here are many dolls, which one is ? (she)I can find my toy, but where s ? (you)Show

18、your kite, OK? (they)I have a beautiful cat. name is Mimi. These cakes are . (it )Are these tickets? No, are not . aren t here. (they )Shall have a look at that classroom? That is classroom.(we )is my aunt. Do you know job? a nurse. (she )That is not camera. is at home. (he )Where are ? I can t find

19、 . Let s call parents.(they )Don t touch . not a cat, a tiger(! it)sister is ill. Please go and get . (she )don t know her name. Would you please tell . (we )So many dogs. Let s count . (they )I have a lovely brother. is only 3. I like very much. (he )May I sit beside ? (you )Look at that desk. Thos

20、e books are on . ( it)The girl behind is our friend. （she） （二） 指示代词 this ,that, these,those. These 是 this 的复数形式， 指时间、距离较近的或下面要提到的人或事。 Those 是 that 的复数形式， 指时间、距离较远或者前面已经提到的人或事。For example：This is my room. That is Lucy s room. These arehis brothers. Those are his books.第三讲：名词名词：表示人、事物或抽象概念的名称的词。（一）名词的

21、分类名词分为普通名词和专有名词，其中普通名词包括可数名词和不可数名词，可数名词可用作单数，也可用作复数。 可数名词包括个体名词（表示一类人或物的个体。如： boy， desk， cat， window ）和集体名词（由若干个体组成的集合体。如： family ， class， police）。 不可数名词包括物质名词（表示无法分为个体的实物。如：water, paper, silk, money）和抽象名词（表示性质、行为、状态、感情或其它抽象概念。 如：work, happiness music, difficulty , housework）专有名词表示个人、 地方、 机构、 组织等。 如

22、： Tom，the Great Wall，the Spring Festival， France， the United States）。（二）名词的数.可数名词有单数和复数两种形式，其复数形式的构成主要有以下几种：一般情况下， 在词尾加 s. e.g. bookbooks， dogdogs， penpens，boyboys辅音结尾的名词后的s的读音为s,以浊辅音和元音结尾名词后 的 s 读音为z。, x, ch, sh结尾的词名词变复数时，要在词尾加es. e.g. beachbeaches brushbrushes busbuses, box boxes （es读音为iz（3）以一辅音字母

23、+ y II结尾的名词，先变y为i,再加es. e.g. citycities,family families ， documentary documentaries， country countries ， strawberrystrawberries （ies读音为iz）（注： 以一元音字母 +y II 结尾的词，直接在词尾加 -s. e.g. boys， holidays， days）以元音字母。 结尾的名词， 变复数时情况如下： 加 eg. tomato tomatoes， potato potatoes 结尾是两个元音字母的加s， e.g. zoo zoos， radioradios

24、某些外来词变复数时词尾加 s， e.g. piano pianos 一些名词的缩写形式变复数时，词尾加 s， e.g. photo（photograph）photos， kilo （kilogram） kiloszero变复数时，既可力口 s,也可力口 e.g. zeros/zeroes（5）以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时，先把f或fe变为v,再加es. e.g. wife wives, leaf leaves, half halves, knifeknives, thief thieves （res读音 为 vz （注意： roof 的复数为roofs； scarf 的复数为scarfs sc

25、arves）（6）有些名词由单数变复数时，不是在词尾加s或es,而是变换其中的字母。e.g. manmen， womanwomen， policemanpolicemen， Englishman Englishmen， FrenchmanFrenchmen， footfeet， toothteeth， childchildren, mouse mice, OxOxen （公牛）还有一些名词的单数和复数形式相同。 e.g. Chinese， Japanese， sheep， deer， fish另一些名词本身即是复数形式， 不可用作单数。 e.g. people， police， trouser

26、s， pants， clothes， scissors另外，当一个名词作定语说明另一个名词时，这个名词一般用单数。e.g. an apple tree， five apple trees， a girl friend ， two girl friends ， a twin sister 但是，当 man 和 woman 作定语修饰复数名词时，就要用其复数形式。 e.g. two men teachers， three women doctors可用一量词+of+名词复数口这一结构表示可数名词的数量。e.g. a room ofstudents， two boxes of pencils.不可数

27、名词一般没有复数形式，它的一量II的表示方式如下。（1）表不定数量时，一般用 much, （a） little, a lot of/lots of, some, any等 词修饰。 e.g. much money， a little bread（2）表确定数量时，一般用一数词+量词+of+不可数名词。如：two/three/ +量词复数十 of+不可数名词。 e.g. a bag of rice two glasses of milk, four bottles of water.有些名词既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词，但词义有所不同。e.g. fruit 水果 fruits 表示不同种类的水

28、果； food 食物 foods 各种食品； fish 鱼 fishes鱼的种类；drink饮料、+Ma drink一杯/一份饮料、一杯酒；cloth布,a cloth 桌布、抹布； sand-sands沙滩； tea -a tea 一杯茶； chicken 鸡肉a chicken 小鸡；orange橘汁an orange橘子；glass玻璃一a glass玻璃杯，glasses眼镜； paper-a paper试卷、论文； wood 木头一a wood小森林；room 空间、余地a room 房间本册已经学过的不可数名词有： broccoli, food, dessert, orange,

29、fruit, soccer, tennis,breakfast, lunch, dinner, help, opera, work, homework, time ice-cream, salad, chicken（既可作可数名词，又可作不可数名词）（三）名词的所有格：名词的所有格（表示人或物的所属关系）（ 1）有生命的名词所有格以及表示时间、距离、城镇、国家等的名词所有格。不是以s结尾的名词变成所有格时，在词尾加s. e.g. Mikes watch; Women s Day以 s 结尾的名词变成所有格时， 只加 。 e.g. teachers office ， students rooms

30、两个或两个以上名词并列，表示共同所有，只需在最后一个名词后加s. e.g.Tom and Mike s room汤姆和迈克的房间（表示汤姆和迈克共有一间房）两个或两个以上名词并列，表示分别所有，需在几个名词后都加s. e.g.Mary s and Jenny s bikes 玛丽和詹妮的自行车（表示玛丽和詹妮各自的自行车）（2）无生命的事物的名词所有格常用 of结构 e.g. a map of China,the beginning of this game， the door of the room（ 3）特殊形式可用s和of短语表示的名词所有格e.g. the boy/ s name=th

31、e name of the boy（男孩的名字）the dog s legs=the legs of the dog （狗的月退）China s population=the population of China （中国的人口）Chinas capital=the capital of China（中国的首者 B） 双重所有格e.g. a fiend ofmy mother s我妈妈的一个朋友 a picture of Tom s汤姆的一张图片Exercises写出下列词的复数形式。baby caseknifephoto Chinese hamburgerpotatokey watchnam

32、e strawberrywish tomato dollarorangepeople documentaryboy pianochild manthisthatI she youbusJapanese翻译短语五门学科 三 部 电 影 一 些 动 作 片 许多手表 一 点 食 品 一 点 蔬 菜许 多 冰 激 凌 三 块 鸡 肉一些工作 许 多 作 业 四 辆 公 共 汽 车选择填空、 There on the wall .They are very beautiful.A. are photoes B. are photos C. is a photoD. is photosThis kind

33、 of carmade in Shanghai.A. is B .are C .were D .hasThere are fourand twoin the group.A. Japanese, Germen B Japaneses, Germen C. Japanese,GermanD.Japanese, GermansThat sart book.A. an B. a C. the D are5. The boys have gotalready.A. two breadB. two breads C. two pieces of bread D. two piece ofbreadThe

34、 old man wants.A. six boxes of apples B. six boxes of apple C. six box of apples D. six boxs of apples 7. There some in the river.A. is ,fishB. are, fishs C. is, fishsD. are ,fishThere twoin the box.A. is watch B. are watches C. are watch D. is watchesWe should clean twice a day.A .our tooth B. our

35、tooths C. teeth D. our teethThe meeting room is near the reading room.A. teacherB. teacher sC. teachersD. teachersIn Britain are all painted red.A. letter boxes B. letters boxes C. letter box D. letters box.把下列句子变成复数句。This is my friend.This is a bike.That is her brother.This is a book.That is an era

36、ser.It is a red orange.He is a teacher.What s this?This is my mother.He is a Chinese boy.I am a student.A photo is on the wall.You are a Chinese.It is an action movie.She has a nice dress.改错。Hehasmanyicecreamforbreakfast.Thegirlhastwobroccoliforlunch.Ineedsomesalad.The student does a few homework ev

37、eryday.Iwanttogotomovie.We can see much clothes in thestore.7. Doesshehavethreecousin?areTheyJapaneses.Ihavesomeapple.10.IwanttoseeaBeijingOpera.第四讲： 数词（一）基数词 在英语中表示数目的词称为基数词。.基数词的构成1-20one， two ， three， four ， five ， six ， seven， eight ， nine， ten， eleven， twelve ， thirteen， fourteen， fifteen ， six

38、teen， seventeen， eighteen， nineteen， twenty21-99先说一几十II ,再说一几II ,中间加连字符。23f twenty-three,34-thirty-four ,45- forty five ,56- fifty-six ,67-sixty-seven, 78-seventy-eight, 897eighty-nine, 917ninety-one101999先说一几百II ,再加 and,再加末两位数或末位数；586fivehundred and eighty-six, 8037eight hundred and threel, 000以上，先

39、从右往左数，每三位数加一个一，U ,第一个一，U前为 thousand第二个一，II前为 million,第三个一，II前为 billion （美式）或 thousand ,million （英式），然后一节一节地表示。1,0017one thousand and one 9,7857 nine thousand, seven hundred and eighty-five18,4237 eighteen thousand four hundred and twenty-three6,260,30g six million two hundred and sixty thousand thre

40、e hundred and nine750,000,000,00Aseven hundred and fifty, billion （美式）seven hundred and fifty thousand million （英式）（二）序数词 在英语中表示顺序、次序的词称为序数词。.序数词的构成一般在基数词后加 th e.g. four 一 fourth, thirteen 一 thirteenth不规贝U变化one - first, two second, three third, five fifth ,eight f eighth, nine ninth, twelvetwelfth（3

41、）以y结尾的十位整数，变 y为ie再力口 th twenty twentieth, forty f fortieth, ninety ninetieth（4）从二十一后的一几十几!|直至一几百几十几II或一几千几百几十几II只将个位的基数词变为序数词。 twenty-first ， two hundred and forty-fifth.序数词的用法（ 1）序数词作定语时，一般要与定冠词或物主代词连用。 e.g. Tom is theirsecond son. He is the first one to come here.（2）序数词有时可与不定冠词连用，表示数量上一又一II ,一再一 I

42、I e.g. He tried a second time 他又试了一次。Shall l ask him a third time?还要我再问他一次吗？（我已问了他两次）（ 3）序数词的缩写形式为：阿拉伯数字加上这个词的末尾两个字母。1st 2nd，3rd， 4th， 20th， 21st， 22nd， 23rd（ 4）表示年、月、 日时， 年）基数词， 日）序数词。 2005 年 8 月 15 日： （英）15， 8， 2005=15th， August， 2005；（美）8， 15， 2005=August 15th， 2005（三）基数词和序数词都可以用来给数字编号。No.1 （1 号）

43、，No.3bus （3路公共汽车），Room 103, （ 103号旁间）The firstlesson=Lesson Two （第二课）（四）分数词的表达分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于 1 时，分母加 s 1 3-one third ； 2 5-two fifths（五）数学运算的表达eg.3+5=8 Three plus and five is eight.9-2=7 Nine minus two is seven.6x5=30 Five times six is thirty8 + 2=4 Eight divided by two is four.Exercise:按要求补全句子。

44、There are （5个学生8）in our class.There are （6个班级5）in our school.I have （13本书 ） in my schoolbag.Are there （73套桌椅） in this classroom.There re （27 个 男 生 ）and（31个女生） in my class.There are （1台电脑5） in that room.My grandma is （82岁 ）.There are （4位女老师4） in her school.There are （94位男医生） in that big hospital,I ca

45、n see 几只鸟_（） in the tree.多少幅画（） are there in you bedroom ?I have （3本字典）.Can you see 一些风筝_（） in the sky ?Our school has （个图书馆2） .There are （1个月2） in a year.Paul s father is （57岁）. 17. Thereare （13辆公共汽车） on the street.We can see （1个妇女8） over there.There are （2个孩子2） in the room. 20.I can see 六杯茶_（） on

46、the table第五讲： 介词、二 1一：注意点1. 常用介词及其比较：表示地理位置的介词：at ,in, on, to at （1）表示在小地方；（2）表示一在附近，旁边II in （1）表不 在大地方；（2）表不一在范围之内II。on 表示毗邻，接壤to表示在范围外，不强调是否接壤E.g.： He arrived at the station at ten.He is sitting at the desk.He arrived in Shanghai yesterday.Jiangsu lies in the east of China.Russia lies on the north

47、 of China.Fujian is to the south of Jiangsu Province.above, over, on 在上above指在上方，不强调是否垂直，与 below相对；over指垂直的上方，与under相对，但over与物体有一定的空间，不直接接触。on 表示某物体上面并与之接触。e.g. The bird is flying above my head.There is a bridge over the river.He put his watch on the desk.below, under 在下面under表示在 正下方below 表示在下，不一定在正

48、下方e.g. There is a cat under the table.Please write your name below the line.表示时间的介词：in , on, at 在时in 表示较长时间，如世纪、朝代、时代、年、季节、月及一般(非特指)的早、中、晚等。e.g. in the 20th century, in the 1950s, in 1989, in summer, in January, in the morning, in the night, in one s life , in one s thirties 等。on 表示具体某一天及某一天的早、 中、 晚

49、。 e.g. on May 1st, on Monday, on NewYear s Day, on a cold nightin January, on a fine morning, on Sunday afternoon。at 表示某一时刻或较短暂的时间，或泛指圣诞节，复活节等。e.g. at 3:20, at this time of year, at the beginning of, at the end of ， at the age of ，at Christmas, at night, at noon, at this moment。 注意：在 last, next, thi

50、s, that, some, every 等词之前一律不用介词。如： We meet every day.in, after在之后-in +段时间II表示将来的一段时间以后；一after+段时间II表示过去的一段时间以后；一after+将来点时间II表示将来的某一时刻以后。e.g. My mother will come back in three or four days.He arrived after five months.She will appear after five o clock this afternoon.from, since 自从from 仅说明什么时候开始，不说明

51、某动作或情况持续多久；since表示某动作或情况持续至说话时刻，通常与完成时连用。e.g. He studied the piano from the age of three.They have lived here since 1978.after, behind 在之后after 主要用于表示时间；behind主要用于表示位置。e.g. We shall leave after lunch.Lucy is hiding behind an old house.表运动方向的介词：across, through 通过，穿过across表示横过，即从物体表面通过，与on有关；through 穿

52、过 ,即从物体内部穿过，与in 有关。e.g. She swam across the river.He walked through the forest.表示一在之间II的介词：between, among between指在两个人或两个事物之间； among 指在三个或三个以上的人或事物之间。 表示其他意义的介词：(1)on ,about 关于on 表示这本书，这篇文章或演说是严肃的，或学术性的，可供专门研究这一问题的人阅读；about表示内容较为普通，不那么正式。e.g. There will be a lecture on economics this afternoon.He is

53、 writing a book on cooking.He told me a lot about his life in the summer vocation.(2)by, with, in 表示方法、手段、工具by以方法、手段或泛指某种交通工具；with表示用 工具、手段，一般接具体的工具和手段；in表示用 方式，用语言(语调、笔墨、颜色)等；e.g. He makes a living by selling newspapers.He broke the window with a stone.The foreigner spoke to us in English.(3)except

54、, besides除了 except除之外，不包括在内；besides除之外,包括在内。e.g. Except Mr. Wang, we went to see the film.（ 王先生没去） Besides Mr. Wang,we also went to see the film.（E 先生也去了ExercisesCould you tell me something UFOs? I am really interested in it. A. ofB. withC. about D. atI hope you will be here at half eight tomorrow m

55、orning.A. in B. atC. to D. pastFangfang s father is forty years old.A. about B. for C. to D. byDon t worry your maths. I will help you it.A. with.aboutB. about.on C. about.withD. on.aboutThey lived in a flatthe shop.A. aboutB. onC. to D. aboveHow can you go the street when the traffic is heavy?A. ac

56、ross B. cross C. through D. pastHow long would it take to swim the river?A. by B. acrossC. over D. throughThe river goes the city from west to east.A. through B. over C. into D. throughoutDongdong s father was so tired a day s work that he went to bed early.A. after B. before C. in D. outWhat s time

57、 your watch, please?A. on B. in C. by D. withHe left Luxun Park and walked Sichuan road.A. alongB. after C. for D. toMy brother is tall I am short.A. while B. when C. as D. forWhere is Tom? You can find him the boys over there.A. byB. between C. among D. IntoThe small town lies the three mountains.A

58、. among B. insideC. intoD. betweenThere is a small housethe trees.A. in B. through C. among D. aroundThe headmaster showed the foreign friends the school.A. along B. toC. around D. overThere are a lot of trees and flowers our school building.A. among B. above C. around D. withAs we all know, the ear

59、th moves the sun.A. around B. over C. into D. forI will work a doctor in two months.A. as B. for C. at D. toMy birthday is coming. My uncle gave me a new watch a presentyesterday.A. with B. likeC. as D. forWe were very surprised the news.A. intoB. forC. out ofD. atYou have lost the key of Tony s bik

60、e, you d better apologize him.A. for B. in C. to D. atIt s so cold outside. You d better stayhome.A. inB. on C. or D. atWhy are you such a hurry? I must meet my aunt the station.A. at.atB. in.atC. with.atD. in.inHis room is the twelfth floor. Let s go up lift.A. on.in B. by.onC. on.byD. On.onTo my s