2023届广东省梅县东山中学高三第二次诊断性检测英语试卷含解析

1、2023届高考英语模拟试卷注意事项：1答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号填写在试题卷和答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型（B）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码粘贴在答题卡右上角条形码粘贴处。2作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试题卷上。3非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。4考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回

2、。第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1Are you ready to leave?Almost, Ill be ready to go just as soon as I _ putting the clean dishes away.Aget throughBgive upCcarry outDset about2While his approach was a complete _ from established practices, the result was satisfactory.AseparationBprohibitionCdepartureDjudgm

3、ent3Is this tea good cold as well? _ with ice, this tea is especially delicious.AServed BServing CHaving served DTo be served4I thought it hard to complete the project at first, but I_my mind.AchangeBhave changedChad changedDwould change5Didnt you go fishing with your friends last Sunday?No. I _ to

4、the nursing home as usual.AwentBgoChave goneDhad gone6How was your job interview?Very successful. I _ my homework about the company, you know.Ahad done Bhave doneCdid Dwas doing7The explosion in the chemical plant _ avoided had the county authorities, aiming too much at short-term interests, perform

5、ed their duties from the beginning.Ashould beBmight beCmust have beenDcould have been8Im afraid I couldnt go to your birthday party.I have a test next Monday.Oh， ！Youre my best friend and you must be there！Ago ahead Bcome on Cyou neednt Dit doesnt matter9What did you say you were reluctant to risk j

6、ust now?_ to high levels of radiation.ABeing exposedBHaving been exposedCTo be exposedDExposed10How did it come that you damaged your car so badly? I _into a tree on the roadside the other day.AranBhad runCwas runningDrun11The mother goes mad every time she washes the T-shirt_ her son wipes his dirt

7、y hands.AthatBwhereCwhichDwhen12_enough money, the young man was unable to buy his girlfriend expensive jewelry.ANot to saveBNot savingCNot having savedDNot saved13The driver could have survived but he the seat belt.Ahad been wearingBhadnt wornCwasnt wearingDdidnt wear14The reason why he adapted to

8、the new situations quickly is that he had a _ attitude.Achangeable Bstable Cmovable Dflexible15Weneeda spiritual faith, or a philosophy, it shouldincludethis truth: if you choose to find thepositivein every situation, you will be blessed, and if you choose to find the awful, you will be cursed. As w

9、ith happiness itself, this is_your decision to make.Aabsolutely BtotallyCexactly Dlargely16The leaders of the BRICS countries Friday reached important _ on building an open world economy and improving global economic governance(管理) during their informal meeting on the sidelines of the G20 Summit in

10、Hamburg, Germany.Aconsideration BconsensusCcommitment Dconfirmation17It is widely acknowledged that students should be _ in terms of overall quality.AsupportedBmatchedCevaluatedDcontrolled18_ two hours daily has made considerable difference to my physical condition.ATo walk BWalkingCWalked DHaving w

11、alked19It is really cold and the ground is wet; it _ have rained last night.AmightBmustCcanDshould20The palace is heavily guarded, because inside its walls _.Awhere sit the European leadersBthe European leaders there sitCsit the European leadersDthat the European leaders sit第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每

12、题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6分）The catastrophic minor planet crash that wiped out the dinosaurs 66 million years ago may not have been so destructive had it hit almost anywhere else on earth according to a new research by Japanese scientists Kunio Kaiho and Naga Oshima, who published their findings T

13、hursday in the journal Scientific Reports. It means dinosaurs could still rule the earth and humans may never have evolved at all.The roughly six mile (10km) wide planet created a crater (坑) more than 110 miles (176km) across when it smashed into our planet. The collision released more than 1 billio

14、n times as much energy as the atomic bomb explosion which destroyed Hiroshima and Nagasaki at the close of World War .More than 75 percent of all land and sea animals, the most famous of which being dinosaurs, were wiped out as a result. Huge volumes of ash, soot and dust shot into the atmosphere, b

15、locking as much as 80 percent of precious sunlight from reaching the surface of the planet.The pair believe the key ingredient in the extinction was the soot, which was produced when the crash lighted rocks loaded with hydrocarbon molecules (碳氢化合物分子) such as oil. However, the amount of hydrocarbon i

16、n rocks varies widely depending on their location. With this in mind, the team set about analysing places on Earth where the rocks have a high hydrocarbon molecule content.They found that only about 13 percent of the planet have such an environment, essentially meaning that the dinosaurs were unluck

17、y when the minor planet hit in such a hydrocarbon rich area.“The catastrophic chain of events could only have occurred if the minor planet had hit the hydrocarbon-rich areas occupying approximately 13 percent of the Earths surface,” the scientists wrote in a university press release.Its a good thing

18、 for humanity, however, or else we may never have evolved in the first place.1、According to the text, if the minor planet hit somewhere else on earth .Ait would wipe out dinosaursBit would wipe out the citizens living on both Hiroshima and NagasakiChuman could rule the earthDdinosaurs could continue

19、 to rule the earth2、The atomic bomb explosion at World War II was mentioned to describe .Athe size of the minor planet Bthe weight of the minor planetCthe power of the minor planet Dthe history of the minor planet3、Which of the following directly caused the extinction of dinosaurs?AThe hydrocarbon m

20、olecules contained in the oil.BThe rocks with a low hydrocarbon molecule content.CThe soot produced during the crash.DThe area where the minor planet crashed.22（8分） Ask any readers who their favorite fictional character in a novel is and youll likely get a detailed explanation about the beloved char

21、acter that they admire. It might even sound like theyre talking about a person they know.In a study, researchers looked at the brains of a group of people over nine days. Half of the group read the novel Pompeii, and half didnt. After examining, researchers found the readers brains showed heightened

22、 connectivity (连通性) in some areas. This is likely because the brain imagines the movement and emotions of the character they read about in the book. Even though the participants were then asked not to read the novel, they kept this heightened connectivity. We call that a “shadow activity”, almost li

23、ke a muscle memory. So even after youve finished a book, your brain keeps those benefits for some time afterwards.It has been suggested that people who read a lot of fiction become more empathic (移情作用的), because fiction is a simulation (模仿) of social experiences, in which people practice and improve

24、 their interpersonal skills. The people who not only read fiction, but felt a high level of “emotional transportation” while reading as compared to people who werent taken by the story or who read non-fictiondisplayed higher levels of empathy when tested. Increase of empathy is important for people

25、because empathy is positively related to creativity, performance at work and cooperative behaviors.Besides, reading improves “Theory of Mind”. It is “the ability to understand that others have mental states that are different from ones own.” Of various activities, reading novels has been found to im

26、prove this ability, while watching television programs or movies has been found to do just the opposite a reduced understanding of others and weaker cognitive (认知的) development overall.Maybe we should put more of a priority on novel-reading. And many readers believe that reading a novel is far bette

27、r and more meaningful than watching any movie. As David Kidd of the New School study said, “Fiction is not just a simulator of a social experience; it is a social experience.”1、What is implied in the Paragraph 2?AReading novels is just a waste of time.BReading novels can help people become happy.CRe

28、ading novels increases connectivity in our brain.DReading novels helps enhance our memory greatly.2、What do we know about novel readers from Paragraph 3?AThey tend to be emotional in social experiences.BThey understand the emotions of people better.CThey like to talk about their favorite characters.

29、DThey are more sensitive to everything.3、Whats the effect of watching TV or movies?AIt distinguishes your views from those of others.BIt contributes to your cognitive development.CIt reduces your empathy for others a lot.DIt changes your overall mental states.4、What does the underlined word “priorit

30、y” in the last paragraph mean?APreference.BAuthority.CExposure.DEvaluation.23（8分） I never seen the night nor seen a star; Ive seen neither spring nor fall nor winter. I was born at the end of the Reining Age(刹车时代), just as the Earths rotation(旋转) was coming to a final stop.The Reining lasted for 42

31、years, three years longer than the Unity Government had planned. My mother once told me about the time our family witnessed the last sunset. The Sun had ever so slowly crept toward the horizon, almost as if it had stopped moving altogether. In the end, it took three days and three nights to finally

32、set. Naturally, that was the end of all “days” and all “nights”. The Eastern Hemisphere(半球) was covered in weak light for a long time then, perhaps for a dozen years or so with the Sun hiding just beyond the horizon its rays reflected by half of the sky. It was during that long sunset that I was bor

33、n.Dusk did not mean darkness. The Northern Hemisphere was lit up by the Earth Engines. These giant engines had been raised all across Asia and North America; only the solid plates beneath those two continents could resist the great pushing forces they exerted. There were about 12,000 Earth Engines b

34、uilt and distributed across the Asian and American plains.From my home I could see the bright plasma plumes(等离子气柱) of several hundred Earth Engines. Just imagine a titanic palace, one as large as the Parthenon on the Acropolis. Now imagine countless titanic pillars rising from that palace, reaching

35、to the heavens, each releasing brilliant, bluish-white light like a titanic shining tube. And then there is you; you are a microbe on the palaces floor. This only begins to paint the picture of the world we lived in.This picture, however, is not yet complete. In order to survive the melting temperat

36、ure of the expanding sun, we have to push the Earth away from it. First, the Earth must be stopped from rotating. Only the forces acting tangentially(正切地) to the Earths rotation could slow it, so the Earth Engines had to be built to a specific angle. Those gigantic pillars of light were leaning to t

37、hat angle. Now imagine what that meant for our palace, with its pillars all leaning on the point of falling down! Many who came from the Southern Hemisphere went mad when suddenly seeing this awesome view.Worse than the view was the burning heat released by the Earth Engines. Outdoors the temperatur

38、e was stuck at around 160 to 180 degrees, forcing us to wear special suits just to leave the house. The extremely high temperatures often brought pouring rains. It was always a terrifying scene when the beam of an Earth Engine cut through dark clouds. The clouds scattered the brilliant, bluish-white

39、 light of the beam, erupting it into endless rainbow light that covered the entire sky like white-hot magma(岩浆).To my generation, born in the Northern Hemisphere, all of this was perfectly normal and natural, just like the Sun, stars and Moon had been to generations before the Reining Age. We called

40、 the entire history of the human race that had come before us the Pre-Solar Age; what a fascinating and golden era that had truly been!The Reining Age left the earth with a horrifying result. The sea tides, quickened by the Earth Engines, had swallowed two out of every three cities in the Northern H

41、emisphere; then the global increase in temperatures melted the polar icecap, resulting in floods that spread to the Southern Hemisphere. Thirty years earlier my grandfather had witnessed giant 300-foot waves that had engulfed Shanghai. Even now, he could never tell us about it without his gaze slipp

42、ing into a thousand-mile stare.Our planet had already changed beyond recognition before it even set out on its journey. Who knew what hardships were waiting for us on our long travels through outer space?1、What happened when the author was born?AThe earth had stopped turning for forty-two years.BThe

43、 sun was making its last fall towards the horizon.CAll the Earth Engines had not been finished.DHis family were suffering from the summer hotness.2、Which of the following about the Earth Engines is right?AThey were built in Asia and North America due to their huge number and weight.BTheir light and

44、heat provided necessary energy for people to survive.CThey were all built to point straight upward to the sky to stop the earth rotating.DTheir existence brought both opportunities and inconvenience to people on the earth.3、What can we infer from the last three paragraphs?APeople born in the Souther

45、n Hemisphere could enjoy four different seasons.BThe author missed his Pre-Solar Age lifestyle very much.CGrandfather would never forget the scene of Shanghai being swallowed.DThe author was discouraged but optimistic about the future of the earth.4、In this excerpt(节选)we can clearly see that the aut

46、hor is good at _.Adescribing mental activitiesBvisualizing vivid scenesCdoing experimental analysisDexpressing personal belief5、This excerpt is a part of _.Aa documentary novelBan academic essayCa scientific research reportDa science fiction6、What is the best title of this chapter?AThe Last SunsetBT

47、he Earth EnginesCThe Reining AgeDThe Post-Solar Life24（8分） In A History of Reading, the Canadian novelist Alberto Manguel describes a remarkable transformation of human consciousness, which took place around the 10th century AD: the arrival of silent reading. Human beings have been reading for thous

48、ands of years, but in ancient times, the normal thing was to read aloud. With the arrival of silent reading, Manguel writes, the reader was at last able to establish an unrestricted relationship with the book and the words. The words no longer needed to occupy the time required to pronounce them. Th

49、e readers thoughts inspected them at leisure, drawing new ideas from them, allowing comparisons from memory or from other books.To read silently is to free your mind to reflect, to remember, to question and compare. The cognitive scientist Maryanne Wolf calls this freedom “the secret gift of time to

50、 think”. A thousand years later, critics fear that digital technology has put this gift in danger. The Internets flood of information, together with the distractions of social media, threatens to overwhelm the space of reading, leaving us in what the journalist Nicholas Carr has called “the shallows

51、”. In Carrs view, the “endless, tempting buzz” of the Internet endangers our very being: “One of the greatest dangers we face,” he writes, “as we give up control over the flow of our thoughts and memories to a powerful electronic system, is a slow damage to our humanness and our humanity.”Theres no

52、question that digital technology presents challenges to the reading brain. But seen from a historical perspective, digital reading and silent reading look like differences of degree, rather than of kind. To the extent that digital reading represents something new, its potential cuts both ways. Done

53、badly, the Internet reduces us to mindless clickers, racing numbly to the bottom of a bottomless feed; but done well, it has the potential to expand the very contemplative (沉思的) space that we have prized in ourselves ever since we learned to read without moving our lips.In the fifth century BC, Socr

54、ates worried that writing would weaken human memory, and stifle(扼杀) judgment. In fact, as Wolf notes in her 2007 book Proust and the Squid: the Story and Science of the Reading Brain, the opposite happened: Faced with the written page, the readers brain develops new capacities.The Internet may cause

55、 our minds to wander off, and yet a quick look at the history of books suggests that we have been wandering off all along. When we read, the eye does not progress steadily along the line of text; it alternates between saccades little jumpsand brief stops, not unlike the movement of the mouses cursor

56、 across a screen of hypertext.Its true that studies have found that readers given text on a screen do worse on recall and comprehension tests than readers given the same text on paper. But a 2015 study by the German educator Johannes Naumann suggests the opposite. He gave a group of high-school stud

57、ents the job of tracking down certain pieces of information on websites; he found that the students who regularly did research online were better at this task than students who used the Internet mostly to send email, chat, and blog.A new generation of digital writers prefers to include interactive f

58、eatures. The 2014 iPad novel, Pry, tells the story of a demolition(爆破) expert returning home from the first Gulf War. The story is told in text, photographs, video clips, and audio. It uses an interface(界面) that allows you to follow the action and shift between levels of awareness. As you read text

59、on the screen, describing characters and plot, you draw your fingers apart and see a photograph of the chief character, his eyes opening on the world. Pinch your finger shut and you visit his troubled unconscious; words and images race by, as if you are inside his memory. Pry is the opposite of a sh

60、allow work; its whole play is between the surface and the depths of the human mind. Reading it is stimulating.1、In Alberto Manguels opinion, silent reading _.Ais an abnormal thing to human consciousnessBoffers readers mind freedom and time to thinkCstrengthens readers power of memory and reflectionD