2023届湖南省普通高中学高三第五次模拟考试英语试卷含解析

1、2023届高考英语模拟试卷考生须知：1全卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，全部在答题纸上作答。选择题必须用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题的答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔写在“答题纸”相应位置上。2请用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔在“答题纸”上先填写姓名和准考证号。3保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1Jess was sad and her friend helped her _ the first awful weeks after her husband Bill died.Abreak throughBbreak dow

2、nCget throughDget rid of2Dave was a _. Because of his misconduct in class, the whole class had to stay after school.Awet blanket Bleading lightCblack sheep Ddark horse3 I got that job I wanted at the public library. _! Thats good news.AGo aheadBCheersCCongratulationsDCome on4In terms of Mrs. Mengs b

3、eing arrested without solid evidence, the western media has _ public attention away from where it should be, that is, the rule of law.Atransformed BshiftedCattracted Dchanged5Ms Alice is considered a lady by us, for she often helps the poor she met with.AselfishBhopefulCmeanDgenerous6I am sorry I am

4、 very busy now. If I time, I would certainly go to the movies with you.AhaveBhadChave hadDhad had7As he works in a remote area, he visits his parents only _Aanxiously BoccasionallyCpractically Durgently8When in trouble，remember to stay calm，and everything will wellAturn backBturn upCturn downDturn o

5、ut9The national park has a large collection of wildlife, _ from butterflies to elephants.Ato rangeBrangeCrangingDranged10Its hard for elderly people to see _ convenience a smart phone can bring to us.Awhat Bwhich Cwhose Dhow11According to the bank rules released recently, you have to pay a 25% _ on

6、each cheque you cash.AadmissionBpensionCallowanceDcommission12Decades ago, scientists believed that how the brain develops when you are a kid _ determines your brain structure for the rest of your life.Asooner or laterBmore or lessCto and fromDup and down13Im tired outI stayed up the whole night, _

7、for my midterm math examAstudyingBto studyCto be studyingDstudied14On the bus I saw a student I believed was your brother.AwhoBwhomCwhichDwhoever15An international team of astronomers announced Wednesday that they _ the first-ever image of a black hole.Ahave capturedBwere capturingChad capturedDwoul

8、d capture16They dont feel safe in our town at night because it so dangerous. Theres a robbery every week now.AbecomesBbecameChas becomeDhad become17_ in the last examination, she was more confident of another success in the coming one.ATo succeedBTo have succeededCHaving succeededDsucceeding18So far

9、, more than 1300 hotels in Europe, Africa, Middle East region have committed to _ in the event, with many more _ to join the effort.Aparticipating; expectingBparticipate; to expectCparticipating; expectedDparticipate; to be expected19The petrol in the car _ on our way to the beach, so we had to walk

10、 there.Agave upBgave offCgave inDgave out20 Can you tell me something about _ science. OK. _ Nobel Prize in Chemistry is usually awarded to Americans.Athe; TheB/; TheCa; /Dthe; /第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6分）Oumuamua,an object through space that was discovered on October 19t

11、h, has already made history.The speed at which it is moving relative to the sun means that it cannot be native to the solar system. Its official name is thus II/2017 UI, with the “I” standing for “interstellar(星际)”the first time this name has ever been used.That is exciting.Some scientists, though,

12、entertain an even more exciting possibility: what if Oumuamua is not an asteroid(小行星),as most think, but an alien(外星的)spacecraft? Asteroids come in ll sorts of shapes and sizes, but Oumuamua seems particularly different.As best as astronomers can tell, it is cigarlike,being roughly 180 meters long b

13、ut only about 30 meters wide.That makes it longer than anything known of in the solar system.Such a shape would be a sensible choice for a spaceship,since it would minimize the scouring(冲刷)effect of interstellar dust.With that in mind the Breakthrough Listen project, an organization aimed at hunting

14、 for alien life, plans to turn the worlds biggest radio telescope,the Green Bank instrument in Virginia,towards Oumuamua to see if it can hear anything interesting.Oumuamua is currently about twice as far from Earth as Earth is from the sun. At that range,the telescope should be sensitive enough to

15、pick up a transmitter about as powerful as a mobile phone after just a few secondsworthy of observations.Will it find anything? Almost certainly not.Oumuamua has the same reddish color as many as asteroids,so probably has a similar composition.And, if it really is a spaceship, it is strange that sig

16、ns of its artificial origin have not been seen already.It could, in theory, be a derelict(遗弃星球). But in that case the telescope is unlikely to hear anything. By far the most likely option is that it is exactly what it seems to be: a huge space rock, one that has come to the solar system from the vas

17、t space between the stars.1、What makes some scientists think Oumuamua is possibly an alien spacecraft?AIts size. BIts color.CIts shape. DIts speed.2、What does the underlined word“that”in the third paragraph probably mean?AThe research into the solar system.BThe purpose of hunting for alien life.CThe

18、 effect of interstellar dust on Oumuamua.DThe possibility of Oumuamua being a spaceship.3、What is Oumuamua most likely to be according to the author?AAn asteroid. BA space rock.CInterstellar dust. DAn alien spacecraft.4、It can be inferred from the last paragraph that_.AOumuamua will return to where

19、its from soonBOumuamuas real identity remains to be found outCastronomers have not seen signs of Oumuamuas artificial originDthe Green Bank telescope has already heard something from Oumuamua22（8分） You cant see your sleeping pets brain waves, but its behavior can tell you when your cat might be drea

20、ming. If you watch closely, youll see that as she falls asleep, her breathing becomes slow and regular with her body still. She has entered the first stage of sleep, called slow-wave sleep. After about 15 minutes youll notice a change in her breathing. Her eyes move under her closed lids, her paws t

21、witch (抽动) and she flicks (尤指用手指或手快速地轻抚) an ear. She has entered dreaming. Although she twitches and makes little grunting (嘟嘟) noises, messages from her brain to the large muscles in her legs are blocked, so she cant run about. She is in a state of “sleep paralysis (麻痹)”.Michel Jouvet, a French sci

22、entist, interrupted their sleep paralysis. Even though they were completely asleep, the dreaming cats began to run for balls that Jouvet couldnt see and arched (弓起) their backs at unseen enemies. He figures he was watching them act out their dreams! Obviously, the dreaming cats seemed to be practisi

23、ng important cat skills: following, pouncing (猛扑), and fighting.In another study, Matt Wilson recorded rats brain waves while they learned mazes (迷宫). One day, he left the brain-wave-recording machine on while the rats fell asleep. The pattern of brain waves in the sleeping rats matched the pattern

24、from the maze so closely that Wilson could figure out exactly which part of the maze each rat was dreaming about!Many researchers now think that in both people and animals, one purpose of dreams is to practise important skills and figure out recent learning. This may explain why so many people dream

25、 about fighting and escaping, skills that were probably important to our ancestors, and why dreaming affects our ability to learn.Do all animals dream? From looking at the brain waves of sleeping animals. How often animals dream seems to be tied to body size. Cats dream about every 15 minutes, mice

26、every 9 minutes, and elephants every 2 hours. And though cows and horses usually sleep standing up, they only dream when lying down.1、What does Michel Jouvet find in his study?AThe dreaming cats are in a state of body paralysis.BThe dreaming cats often practise their important skills.CThe eyes of dr

27、eaming cats moved while bodies are still.DThe muscles of the dreaming cats are blocked to move.2、What can you know about dreaming from the passage?ADreaming a lot can help humans learn more.BLearning mazes is the basic skill for cats to learn.CRats often dreams to make certain their recent learningD

28、Fighting and escaping are not important skills for ancestors.3、Which animal may dream most frequently?ARats.BDogs.CCows.DElephants4、How does the author develop his passage?ABy making comparisons.BBy using figuresCBy telling storiesDBy showing facts23（8分）If youre DIY-minded, you can build your own so

29、lar power system. In some you can even build your own solar panels, although the amount that you can effectively DIY home solar depends on how much you want to power. Making your own solar panel is a time-consuming process and requires some electrical skills. However, it can also be very regardingle

30、aning to build your own panel is a great way to understand how electricity in generated.Before you can build your own solar panels, you first need to understand how solar cells generate electricity. Once youve bought individual solar cells (they can be purchased online), the basic process for buildi

31、ng your own solar panel goes like this: Prepare the backing for your panel. Many DIY solar panel builders prefer to use a wooden board as the base for their solar cells.Youll need to drill holes m the board so that the wires for each cell can pass through. Wire your solar cells together. This requir

32、es some experience for electrical work. Use a soldering iron (烙铁) to attach wire to the solar cells and then link each of the cells together. Attach cells to your backing. If possible, attach each solar cell to the backing individually. This makes it easier to replace a single cell in the event that

33、 becomes damaged or is not operating properly.At this point you have a functional solar panel that can produce electricity when the sun shines. However, a solar panel by itself is not useful. If you are trying to generate electricity to power devices in your home, you need to pair your panel with in

34、verter (转换器) that will turn direct current (DC) power from the sun into alternating current (AC) power used in most electronic devices.1、What does the author think of building DIY solar panel in paragraph 1?AIt is easy. BIt is necessary.CIt is common. DIt is worthwhile.2、Whats the first step of buil

35、ding your own solar panel?AMaster the advanced knowledge of science.BBuy individual solar cells.CPrepare the backing for your panel.DDrill holes in the wooden board.3、Why are solar cells connected to the wooden board separately?ATo produce more power.BTo pass through the wooden board easily.CTo atta

36、ch cells to the backing tightly.DTo substitute damaged cells easily.4、What can be inferred from the text?APeople with electrical skills have advantages over those without in DIY solar panels.BA functional solar panel can give power to your home devices directly.CHow to pair an inverter depends on ho

37、w much power you want to power.DA wooden board is a must for your own solar panels.24（8分）Welcome to The Metropolitan Museum of ArtThe Met, which is short for The Metropolitan Museum of Art, presents over 5,000 years of art from around the world for everyone to experience and enjoy. Millions of peopl

38、e take part in The Met experience online or offline.Since it was founded in 1870, The Met has always tried to be more than a storeroom of rare and beautiful objects. Every day art comes alive in the Museums galleries and through its exhibitions and events, revealing both new ideas and unexpected con

39、nections across time and across cultures.Notes：I. How can I obtain permission to film or photograph at The Metropolitan Museum of Art? Please email a detailed request to communicatiom.II. How can I obtain suitable images to reproduce in a magazine, newspaper, or website? To view and request press im

40、ages for the Museums current and upcoming exhibitions and news stories about the Met, please sign in or register for a press account in the Press Images section of the online Press Room.III. All other image requests should be directed to Art Resource through its website (http:/www.artres. com), by t

41、elephone at 212-505-8700, or email at requests. You may also submit your request using the Image Request Form available on the Mets website.IV. If you have any other questions, please contact the Museums Digital Department:Digital DepartmentThe Metropolitan Museum of Art1000 Fifth AvenueNew York, Ne

42、w York 10028-0198Telephone: 212-650-2550Email: prtvacypolicy1、What type of writing is this text?AA business guide. BAn art survey.CA research report. DAn advertisement.2、What can we learn about the Met from the text?AThe Met has a history of 5,000 years.BPeople started to visit the Met online to buy

43、 objects.CThe Met stops collecting arts right now.DPeople cannot take a photo without the permission of the Met.3、What should you do if you want to have images used for a magazine?AEmail to communications.BTelephone at 212-505-8700.CWrite an application at the online Press Room.DContact the Museums

44、Digital Department.25（10分）AssistantProfessorinMusicalTheatreDanceWichitaStateUniversityseeksafull-time, 9-monthassistantprofessor, beginningin August. Applicants are required to have a degree in dance area, teaching experience at a professional or college level, ability to direct and teach stage mov

45、ement. The salary depends on qualifications and experience.For complete information, visit http:/finearts. wichita. eduFull Professor in Theatre and DanceThe Department of Theatre & Dance at the University of California at San Diego(http:/www theatre. uscd. edu) is seeking an experienced theatre art

46、ist in lighting design. Applicants must work for us for at least one year. Significant professional experience is required. This position is expected to teach at both graduate and undergraduate levels.A review of applications will start on June 1st. Application deadline: September 1st.Technical Dire

47、ctor in Performing and Fine ArtsDeSales Universitys Performing and Fine Arts Department seeks a highly skilled, professional technical director. The position is a 10-month staff position with the possibility of summer employment with the Pennsylvania Shakespeare Festival. Professional experience is

48、required; MFA is preferred.Please email materials to john.bell. Screening of applications begins immediately and will continue until the position is filled.Assistant DirectorMedia Resources CenterMaryland Institute College of Art is seeking an Assistant Director of Media Resources Center in the Acad

49、emic Affairs Division.Qualification for the position include a degree in Art History or related fields with knowledge of art and design history, library experience, excellent interpersonal communications skills and familiarity with photoshop and scanning.A review of applications will begin immediate

50、ly; job announcements will remain open until the position is filled. Applicants are required to work for us at send emails to iobs. The salary differs depending on your experience. Please include your desired salary in your application letter.1、What ad may an applicant pay close attention to if he/s

51、he has 9.5-month free time?AFull Professor in Theatre and Dance.BAssistant Professor in Musical Theatre Dance.CTechnical Director in Performing and Fine Arts.DAssistant Director Media Resources Center.2、Which can you apply to if you have excellent interpersonal communication skills?AWichita State Un

52、iversity.BThe University of California.CDeSales University.DMaryland Institute College of Art.3、What can we learn from the advertisements?AAll the jobs mentioned in the text require experience.BAll the jobs mentioned above promise a good salary.CAll the reviews of applications will begin immediately

53、.DAll the job announcements will remain open until the positions are filled.第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项26（30分）The other day, my husband and I took the kids for dinner at a branch of Pizza Express. There was a very friendly lady 1 alone at the next ta

54、ble. When the time came for her to pay the 2 , her bank card was declined. The waitress told her, in a very kind way, that there was a 3 but that she would call her manager for help. Seeing this, my husband 4 got up and told the waiting staff that we would pay for the ladys meal. 5 , when the manage

55、r arrived, he explained to the lady that although she couldnt use her 6 , there was no need to 7 . Pizza Express authorizes(授权) the restaurant to 8 two free meals per month and on this 9 , they would like to provide her with a free meal.She was extremely grateful and apologetic that she had been 10

56、to pay. We were relieved that the lady had been 11 with dignity instead of being placed in a 12 position.Then, the manager 13 our table. He said that, 14 we had shown such generosity, he would like to donate the second free meal that the restaurant was able to 15 to us! We were absolutely 16 ! I had

57、 never heard of any chain restaurant behaving in such a(n) 17 way. We were quite 18 with gratitude. I made sure that the lady was able to get home OK, and then we 19 the staff and left ourselves. I was really impressed by how the restaurant had treated this 20 case.1、Awaiting Bdining Cordering Dwork

58、ing2、Amenu Brecipe Cservice Dbill3、Aproblem Bsolution Cdisadvantage Dtechnique4、Acautiously Bbravely Cimmediately Dslowly5、AHowever BFinally CActually DTherefore6、Acash Bcheck Cphone Dcard7、Apay Bhelp Cworry Dbother8、Agive away Bpick up Clet out Dtake on9、Acondition Boccasion Cmoment Ddemand10、Aread

59、y Blikely Cunable Dunwilling11、Aappreciated Bencouraged Ctreated Dpleased12、Adangerous Bpleasant Cpainful Ddifficult13、Aapproached Bremoved Cnoticed Dcleaned14、Aif Bafter Cas Dwhen15、Ashare Boffer Cspare Dcover16、Aannoyed Bastonished Cinterested Dconfused17、Astrange Bawkward Cabnormal Dgenerous18、Af

60、illed Bequipped Csupplied Dburdened19、Apraised Bmet Cgreeted Dthanked20、Aunique Bregular Cspecial Dcomplex第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27（15分）Sometimes the targets we set 1 (us) are just too high. We think that we will be better people in the future. Just as we are easily taken