什么是名词性从句形容词性从句

1、学习好资料欢迎下载什么是名词性从句、形容词性从句？名词性从句在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句(NounClauses）。名词从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。形容词性从句-定语从句用来修饰名词,代词,句子等,在句中的作用相当于形容词,故称为形容词性从句.定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句.限制性定语从句对被修饰词起到限制,修饰的作用,一般不可缺少.非限制性定语从句起补充,附带说明作用,缺少也不会影响全句的理解.e.g.Shesaidsheha

2、dfinishedherwork,whichIdoubtedverymuch.IvegotsomepersonalaffairsthatIhavetodealwith.定语从句常用关系词关系代词:who,whom,whose,that,which,as等(在句中作主,表,宾,定等成分)关系副词:where(onwhich),when(inwhich),why(forwhich)(在句中作状语)关联词:that(引导表示方式,时间的定语从句)e.g.Inthisearthquake,thenumberofpeoplewholosthomesreachedasmanyas250,000.Ihave

3、manygoodfriendstowhomIamgoingtosendpostcards.Youretheonlypersonwhoseadvicehemightlistento.Theriverwhichrunsthroughthecenterofthecitybringsusalotofpleasure.Hehasgivenusasmuchadviceashecan.Potatocanbegrowninplaceswhereitistoocoldtogrowrice.Idontliketheway(that)youtreatus.定语从句引导词的选择取决于先行词(被修饰词)在定语从句中的位

4、置,成分.e.g.ThepeoplewhomwhothatyoumetinthecampusarefromAustralia.(作宾语)ThiswasthetimewhenatwhichsheleftforBeijing.Theplacewhichheoftenvisitsisalwaysfullofartists.使用要点1.关系代词在从句中作主语时,不能省略.e.g.Theclassroomthatisonthefourthfloorispoorlyequipped.2.关系代词在从句中作宾语且前面没有介词时,常可省略.e.g.Thisisthegirlwithwhomheworks.3.

5、关系副词在定语从句中不可省略.e.g.IhavecometoexplainthereasonwhyIwasabsentfromthemeeting.4.只用that,不用which的情况:学习好资料欢迎下载当先行词有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时;当先行词前有theonly,thevery,thelast等词修饰时;当先行词为anything,nothing,something,everything,all,little,much等不定代词修饰时;当先行词前有all,every,no,some,any,little,much,few等词修饰时;Itis句型中的引导定语从句时.5.只用which,不

6、用that的情况:引导非限制性定语从句时;引导词前有介词时;一个句子中若有两个定语从句,一个用that引导,另一个用which引导;e.g.Heboughtabookthatcouldgivehimmuchknowledgeandwhichcouldhelphimtokillthetime.6.当those作为先行词指人时,通常只能用who引导;as从句的先行词是thesame,such,或被他们所修饰;多用于表示肯定意义的从句中,不用于表否定意义的从句中.e.g.Manyofthesportsarethesameastheywerewhentheystarted.Theresultwasno

7、tsuchasheexpected.Itwasraininghard,which(as)wasunexpected.8.介词+关系代词要根据谓语动词的固定搭配e.g.Thisistheevidencewithwhichthecaseisconnected.先行词e.g.IllneverforgetthedayonwhichwhenIjoinedtheparty.c.句子表达的意思e.g.ThebossinwhosedepartmentMrKingworkedgotsacked.d.在非限制性定语从句中,名词代词+of+whichwhom表示整体与部分的关系e.g.Theworkers,some

8、ofwhomstayedforfouryears,camefromdifferentcountries.e.介词的位置一般放在关系代词之前,有时也可放在从句中原来的位置上.e.g.Wediditinthesamewayinwhichhedidwhichhedidin.9.That作为关联词可以当作关系副词用e.g.ThisisthehouseinwhichLouisXIIIlived.ThisisthehousethatLouisXIIIlived.ThisisthehousewhereLouisXIIIlived.ThisishousewhichLouisXIIIlivedin.ThisisthehouseLouisXIIIlivedin