定语从句专题讲解PPT

1、关于定语从句专题讲解PPT第一张，PPT共五十三页，创作于2022年6月I like quiet music.I like music that is quiet.定语从句1. 什么是定语从句？2. 什么是先行词？3. 什么是关系代词和关系副词？如何确定？4. 如何把两个句子合并为一个定语从句？Think about it第二张，PPT共五十三页，创作于2022年6月a girl who likes red .I knowLearn to discover 定语从句在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。 两个句子 两个词主 句从句？第三张，PPT共五十三页，创作于2022年6月1. I

2、know a girl2. who likes red.Jim reads books which are fun. 主句从句完整的句子是主句不完整的句子是从句第四张，PPT共五十三页，创作于2022年6月3.Do you know the things and personsthat they are talking about?两个词先行词 关系代词 被定语从句修饰的词who whichthat第五张，PPT共五十三页，创作于2022年6月 在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。 定语从句一般放在先行词后面。而汉语中的定语则放在被

3、修饰词之前 。关系词：引导定语从句的词称为关系词。关系词分为 关系代词（that, which, who, whom, whose)和 关系副词（when, where, why)。关系代词在从 句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分，关系副词 在句中作状语。第六张，PPT共五十三页，创作于2022年6月Mary is a beautiful girl.Mary is a girl who is beautiful.形容词作定语句子作定语,修饰girl, 叫做定语从句第七张，PPT共五十三页，创作于2022年6月I like music that / which I can dance to.先行词关

4、系代词定语从句I like the singer who is beautiful.I like the movie that is funny.找一找I still remember the first time when I met her. 第八张，PPT共五十三页，创作于2022年6月Learn to think关系代词 先行词 决定 先行词关系代词人物人和物whowhichthatthatthatwhom宾语第九张，PPT共五十三页，创作于2022年6月Mary is a girl.Mary has long hair.合并为一个句子Mary is a girl who has lo

5、ng hair.第十张，PPT共五十三页，创作于2022年6月I have an apple.An apple is red.I have an applethat is red.修饰先行词 an apple 第十一张，PPT共五十三页，创作于2022年6月I have some friends. Some friends like sports.I have some friendswho like sports. 修饰先行词 friends 第十二张，PPT共五十三页，创作于2022年6月I like the movie. The movie is exciting.I like the

6、movie that is exciting .that 修饰先行词movie第十三张，PPT共五十三页，创作于2022年6月The woman who lives next door is a teacher. The woman is a teacher. The woman lives next door.who修饰先行词woman第十四张，PPT共五十三页，创作于2022年6月Match the two sentences1.Im reading a book. The book is about Bill Gates. _2.He is a teacher. The teacher

7、teaches us Chinese._ 3.I dont like the man. He is smoking._4.Where is the picture? You bought it last week._ Im reading a book that/which is about Bill Gates.He is a teacher who/ that teaches us Chinese.I dont like the man who is smoking.Where is the picture that you bought last week?第十五张，PPT共五十三页，创

8、作于2022年6月1.关系代词that, which引导的定语从句: 如果先行词是表示物的名词或代词，关系代词应用that、which. (作主语或宾语)第十六张，PPT共五十三页，创作于2022年6月This is a dream.The dream will never come true.This is a dream which/that will never come true.The dog has been found.The dog was lost.The dog that/which was lost has been found.Practise: 1.This is t

9、he house. The house is for sale This is the house that/which is for sale.which / that 作主语. (不能省)（作主语）第十七张，PPT共五十三页，创作于2022年6月which / that 作宾语 ： （可省略）This is the card.Ive just received the card. This is the card which / that Ive just received.Practise:1.This is the mistake. I always make mistake.This

10、 is the mistake which /that I always make2. I still keep the letters. She wrote the letters to me .I still keep the letters which she wrote to me.( ) （作宾语）( ) 第十八张，PPT共五十三页，创作于2022年6月2.关系代词who, that, whom引导的定语从句: 如果先行词是表示人的名词或代词，关系代词应用who, that (作主语或宾语)whom (作宾语)第十九张，PPT共五十三页，创作于2022年6月who / that 作主

11、语. (不能省)This is the film star.The film star is very popular in China.This is the film star who is very popular in China. (作主语)The boy called Roy. The boy broke the window. The boy who/that broke the window is called Roy./ thatPractise:第二十张，PPT共五十三页，创作于2022年6月who / whom / that 作宾语：( 可省略)The man is a

12、famous writer. He described the man just now.The man ( who/ whom/ that ) he described just now is a famous writer. (作宾语） The thief has been sent to prison. The police caught the thief last night. The thief (who/that/whom) the police caught last night has been sent to prison.Practise:第二十一张，PPT共五十三页，创

13、作于2022年6月小结：1).that 既可指人，也可指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略。2).which指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略.3).who 指人，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略,（常用whom）注:当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,定语从句的谓语动词形式由先行词定。第二十二张，PPT共五十三页，创作于2022年6月 定语从句的用法:当先行词是物时, 用which 或that引导.These are the trees which were planted last year.当先行词是人时, 用who, whom, whose, that引导.第二十三张，PPT共

14、五十三页，创作于2022年6月who, whom, whose, that用法区别.who 作定语从句的主语或宾语. The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.The man is a worker.The man is speaking at the meeting.分解作主语第二十四张，PPT共五十三页，创作于2022年6月Whom 作定语从句的宾语 The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher.The woman is a teacher.They wanted to visi

15、t the woman.分解作宾语第二十五张，PPT共五十三页，创作于2022年6月whose 作定语从句的定语. I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.分解I know the girl.The girls mother is a teacher.作定语第二十六张，PPT共五十三页，创作于2022年6月that 可以作定语从句的主语和宾语.注意: 关系代词作动词宾语时可 省略. The woman (whom/ that) they wanted to visit is a teacher.第二十七张，PPT共五十三页，创作于2022年6月有时只

16、能用 that , 不用 which, 常见的情况有六种：当先行词是 all, any, few, little, none, anything, everything, nothing , everybody, nobody, everyone, no one 或被它们修饰时。 1).Thats all that I know. 2).Is there anything that I can do for you? 3).He answered few questions that the teacher asked.第二十八张，PPT共五十三页，创作于2022年6月 2).The firs

17、t thing that I should do is to review my lessons.3. 当先行词有the very, the only, the same等修饰时。1).Thats the only thing that I can do now.2).These are the very words that he used.2. 当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时 1).That is the most interesting book that I have ever read.第二十九张，PPT共五十三页，创作于2022年6月5. 先行词同时包括人或物时，关系词用th

18、at.The man and his dog that I always meet are standing by the gate.Who is the girl that spoke to you just now?Which is the pen that you lost ?4. 当主句以 who 或 which开头时，定语从句的关系词用 that, 而不用 which 或 who.第三十张，PPT共五十三页，创作于2022年6月关系代词只用which不用that情况1.关系代词前有介词。2.先行词本身是that.第三十一张，PPT共五十三页，创作于2022年6月whose 作定语,表

19、示所属关系。 The boy is my classmate. The boys father is a policeman.The boy whose father is a policeman is my classmate.第三十二张，PPT共五十三页，创作于2022年6月【巧学妙记】定语从句的用法主句型，从句型，两种句子要完整。从句紧跟先行词，关系词引导要弄清。定人要用who或whom，定物which当先用。关系代词用that，定人定物有本领。when用来定时间，where用来定地点。关系代词作成分，唯作宾语可省略。第三十三张，PPT共五十三页，创作于2022年6月Exercise 1

20、 :用关系代词填空The boy _ is playing ping-pong is my classmate.The e-mail _ I received yesterday was from my sister.I hate people _ talk much but do little.The car _ my father bought last month is very beautiful.who / thatwhich/ thatwho / thatwhich / that第三十四张，PPT共五十三页，创作于2022年6月5. The man _ hair is white

21、is his grandfather.6. Is there a student _ father is a business man?7. This is the house in _ we have lived for 10 years.8.Ive never heard of the people and things _ you talked about just now.whosewhosewhich that当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that.第三十五张，PPT共五十三页，创作于2022年6月Exercise 2. My father and his teacher t

22、alked a lot about the persons and things _ they couldnt remember.Say all _ you know.Is there anything _ I can do for you?thatthatthat当先行词是something, anything, nothing, all 等词时，关系代词只能用that.第三十六张，PPT共五十三页，创作于2022年6月4.This is the first play _ I have seen since I came here.5. This is the best novel _ I

23、have read.thatthat当先行词被序数词，最高级等词修饰时，关系代词只能用that.6.Who is the girl _is standing under the tree?7. Which is the machine _ we used last Sunday.当主句是who或which 引导的特殊疑问句，而中心词指人或物时，关系代词只能用that.thatthat第三十七张，PPT共五十三页，创作于2022年6月先行词1.I know a girl who _(like)red.先行词2. Jim reads books which_(be) fun.先行词 3. Do y

24、ou know the things and persons that they _(be) talking about?先行词决定 关系代词从句中的谓语动词形式likes areare第三十八张，PPT共五十三页，创作于2022年6月定语从句中的主谓一致The mp4 that _ been given to me is home-made. ( have)I, who _ your classmate, will share the work with you. ( be )关系代词做从句的主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数要与先行词保持一致，先行词是句子时，从句的谓语动词使用单数形式。ha

25、sam第三十九张，PPT共五十三页，创作于2022年6月Learn to practice1. Tom is one of the boys that _(be) from the USA.2. Tom is the only boy that_(be) from the USA.areis第四十张，PPT共五十三页，创作于2022年6月【注意】He is one of the students who _ made great progress.Mr Wang is the only one of my friends who _ been invited to have dinner wi

26、th us. (have)one of +复数名词作先行词时，从句的谓语动词用复数形式。但若one前有 the （only） the（ just） the （very）修饰时，从句的谓语动词用单数形式havehas第四十一张，PPT共五十三页，创作于2022年6月Exercise1. I have a friend _ likes listening to classical music.who/that3. The man _ leg broke in a match used to be a football player.2. Yesterday Emily was wearing th

27、e new dress _ I gave her.which/thatwhose第四十二张，PPT共五十三页，创作于2022年6月4. My parents live in a house_ is more than 100 years old.5. The boy with _ John spoke is my brother.which/thatwhom6. Kevin is reading a book _ is too difficult for him.which/that第四十三张，PPT共五十三页，创作于2022年6月7. Is there anything _ you want

28、 to buy in the town.8.All _ we can do is to study hard.9. The first one _ stands up is a little boy.thatthatthat第四十四张，PPT共五十三页，创作于2022年6月Exercise1. I have a friend _ likes listening to classical music.who/thatwhich/thatwhose3. The man _ leg broke in a match used to be a football player.2. Yesterday

29、Emily was wearing the new dress _ I gave her.第四十五张，PPT共五十三页，创作于2022年6月4. My parents live in a house_ is more than 100 years old.5. The boy with _ John spoke is my brother.which/thatwhom6. Kevin is reading a book _ is too difficult for him.which/that第四十六张，PPT共五十三页，创作于2022年6月7. Is there anything _ you

30、 want to buy in the town.8.All _ we can do is to study hard.9. The first one _ stands up is a little boy.thatthatthat第四十七张，PPT共五十三页，创作于2022年6月10.The person _ you should write to is Mr Ball .11. The teacher from _ I learnt most was Mrs Zhu .12. The runner _ you are asking about is over there .13 .The girl _ you are looking for is in the classroom .14. The meeting _ we shall take part in will be held in a hotel .15. The factory _ I worked in for over two years has been closed . 16. The airport _ is 30 kilometres away is th