山东省济宁第二中学2022-2023学年高三下学期联合考试英语试题含解析

1、2022-2023学年高考英语模拟试卷注意事项1考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。2试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分必须用2B 铅笔作答；第二部分必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。3考试结束后，考生须将试卷和答题卡放在桌面上，待监考员收回。第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1-Will you be_ this evening，Mary？-That depends. I am afraid I will be with my manager，discussing a plan.AconvenientBsuitableCavailableDefficie

2、nt2The economy in big cities has continued to rise thanks to the local governments to increase _.Athat BthemCit Dthose3In the virtual laboratory environment created in the VR app, students can _ a particular experiment before doing them in a real lab.Areveal BreserveCpreview Dprovide4Its hard for el

3、derly people to see _ convenience a smart phone can bring to us.Awhat Bwhich Cwhose Dhow5During each NBA season, basketball fans cheer on their favorite teams to make _ through.Ait BthemCthat Dthose6According to a recent study, the high school graduation rate for black men has fallen by 43 percent,

4、while _ of black women has risen by 56 percent.AthatBwhatConeDwhich7When I said someone broke the school regulations, I _ you. Why did you get that angry?Adont refer toBhavent referred toCwasnt referring toDhadnt referred to8-Alan seems a lot taller than when I last saw him.-He . Hes grown a foot si

5、nce you saw him in Shanghai.AisBwill beChas beenDwas9What is your main reason for choosing one restaurant another?Aover BofCfrom Dfor10The Oxford English Dictionary is necessary for learning English，so youd better buy _AthisBthatCitDone11- The free gift doesnt look good.- _, madam, but if you want g

6、ood quality, you have to pay for it.ANo doubtBNo offenceCNo problemDNo way12Taking targeted measures to help people lift themselves out of poverty, _has been predicted, is fruitful.Awhat BwhichCas Dthat13When _ leave for Japan?When _ leave for Japan is kept secret.”Athey will, will theyBwill they, t

7、hey willCthey will, they willDwill they, will they14As a doctor, I spend most of the time with my patients, and thats _ it is in my day.Ahow Bwhen Cwhy Dwhere15Got your driving license?No. I too busy to have enough practice, so I didnt take the driving test last week.Awas BamChave been Dhad been16Wi

8、ld applause _when the crowd waiting heard the announcement of the arrival of the pop star at their community.Amade outBbroke outClet outDworked out17The world is not always _we wish it to be.AthatBwhichCwhatDwhere18Newly _ chairman of the Chinese Basketball Association, Yao Ming has put reforming th

9、e domestic games management at the top of his agenda.AappointingBappointedCbeing appointedDhaving appointed19Watching basketball games on TV at home is one thing, going to watch them _ live is quite another.AperformBperformingCto performDbeing performed20In spring, the scene on the top of the hill i

10、s so appealing that it is _ my words.Aabove BoverCbeyond Doff第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6分） Myles, my four-year-old son, somehow got into an adult pool while we were out swimming. We ran over and pulled him out of the water, only to see his blue face and grey, still body. He

11、 was lifeless.One person immediately contacted the front desk while another called 911. My friend, John Newland, and I began CPR(心肺复苏). But we hadnt received any professional training. Despite our best efforts, we failed to make any important progress in bringing back my son.Another friend of mine r

12、ealized two off-duty lifeguards, Liz and Alison Manley, were nearby. The sisters, 15 and 18, recently trained by the Red Cross in CPR, ran to help. Alison took over directly above Myles and Liz near his feet. Alison started chest compressions (胸部压迫), and Liz gave instructions. They turned him on his

13、 side, and cleared the airway as he expelled(排出) water.They continued chest compressions and rescue breathing, staying calm and cooperating as a perfect team.As the scene unfolded, so many things went through my mind. It seemed that seconds, minutes and hours passed, all at once. I saw his life flas

14、h before my eyes, the image of my beloved son wearing his favorite Lightning McQueen jammies (睡衣) and then his t-ball uniform. All at once was filled with both regret and hope. What kind of a father lets this happen?”,“ Stay with me!”,“ Come on, Myles”,I don t want to live without you !” and finally

15、 God help, somebody, do anything! Then it happened. Myles slowly opened one of his eyes and began to cry. I picked him up and held him.Myles was allowed to leave the hospital the next morning and, despite everything that happened, he asked to go to Worlds of Fun. This was the best Fathers Day gift I

16、 could have ever received, seeing that my wife, son and daughter reunited and were all healthy, playing together again! No days are taken for granted any longer!1、When the author pulled his son out of the water, he found his son was _Astill breathing.Bstruggling hard.Ccrying loud in fear.Din a very

17、bad situation.2、How did Liz and Alison Manley react?AThey called 911 for help immediately.BThey took immediate actions to save the boy.CThey asked the pools medical team for aid.DThey taught the author to perform CPR.3、What can we lean about the author from Paragraph 4?AHe was considered a terrible

18、father.BHe was really worried about his son.CHe was responsible for the accident.DHe always believed his son would be fine.4、After that accident, the author _.Adecided to learn first aid.Bnever let his son swim again.Callowed his son to do whatever he wanted.Dvalued the time spent with his family mo

19、re.22（8分）Exposing living tissue to subfreezing temperatures for long can cause permanent damage. Microscopic ice crystals (结晶体) cut cells and seize moisture (潮气), making donor organs unsuitable for transplantation. Thus, organs can be made cold for only a few hours ahead of a procedure. But a set of

20、 lasting new antifreeze compounds (化合物)similar to those found in particularly hardy (耐寒的) animalscould lengthen organs shelf life.Scientists at the University of Warwick in England were inspired by proteins in some species of Arctic fish, wood frogs and other organisms that prevent blood from freezi

21、ng, allowing them to flourish in extreme cold. Previous research had shown these natural antifreeze molecules (分子) could preserve rat hearts at -1.3 degrees Celsius for up to 24 hours. But these proteins are expensive to extract (提取) and highly poisonous to some species. “For a long time everyone as

22、sumed you had to make synthetic (人造的) alternatives that looked exactly like antifreeze proteins to solve this problem, ”says Matthew Gibson, a chemist at Warwick who co-authored the new research. “But we found that you can design new molecules that function like antifreeze proteins but do not necess

23、arily look like them. ”Most natural antifreeze molecules have a mixture of regions that either attract or repel water. Scientists do not know exactly how this process prevents ice crystal formation, but Gibson thinks it might throw water molecules into push-pull chaos that prevents them from tuning

24、into ice. To copy this mechanism, he and his colleagues synthesized spiral-shaped molecules that were mostly water-repellentbut had iron atoms at their centers that made them hydrophilic, or water-loving. The resulting compounds were surprisingly effective at stopping ice crystals from forming. Some

25、 were also harmless to the roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans, indicating they might be safe for other animals.“These compounds are really cool because they are not proteinsthey are other types of molecules that nonetheless can do at least part of what natural antifreeze proteins do, ”says Clara do Am

26、aral, a biologist at Mount St. Joseph University, who was not involved in the research. Gibsons antifreeze compounds will still need to be tested in humans, however, and may be only part of a solution. “We dont have the whole picture yet, ”do Amaral adds. “Its not just one magical compound that help

27、s freeze-tolerant organisms survive. Its a whole suite of adaptations.1、What will happen if organs are kept for a long time in temperatures below zero?AThey will have ice crystal formation inside.BThey will not suffer permanent damage.CThey will have longer shelf life.DThey will be fit for transplan

28、tation.2、What can we learn about natural antifreeze proteins?AThey look like Gibsons antifreeze compounds.BThey are composed of antifreeze molecules harmless to other species.CThey are spiral-shaped and have iron atoms at their centers.DThey can be found in organisms living in freezing cold weather.

29、3、How are antifreeze molecules prevented from ice crystals?ABy creating compounds both water-repellent and water-loving.BBy extracting the proteins from some hardy animals.CBy making synthetic alternatives like antifreeze proteins.DBy copying spiral-shaped molecules mostly water-resistant.4、Whats th

30、e main idea of the passage?APush-pull chaos might prevent water molecules from turning into ice.BThe final solution to preserving donor organs has been found recently.CChemicals inspired by Arctic animals could lengthen organs shelf life.DGibsons antifreeze compounds can do what natural antifreeze p

31、roteins do.23（8分）A primary school in Hangzhou said on Monday its pulling a sex education textbook over complaints after gaining recent international attention for both its progressive approach and its graphic content.Controversy sparked after a mother of a second-grader at the school posted about th

32、e textbook on Sina Weibo on February 28, complaining the book contained overly-graphic illustrations of reproductive(生殖的)organs.The book, published by Beijing Normal University, aims for students aged 6 to13. It had been used in schools for nearly a decade before the recent round of controversy.In C

33、hina, sex education often faces resistance, especially from the older generation of parents who used to tell their children that babies were picked up in streets or jumped out from rocks. Chinas sex education is considered conservative and schools usually try to avoid the subject, leaving the respon

34、sibility to parents or society. Nowadays, the frank description of sexual behavior in a recently-released sex education textbook for primary school students in the city has triggered a wave of parental concern. Is the sex education textbook truly too clearly expressed?Some people hold that the sex e

35、ducation book should be detailed. Sex education is an important way of teaching children knowing themselves, so we cannot ambiguous words describing the sex. On the other hand, adults see dirty things in the books while students may not. They see things in a different way and we should not judge the

36、 books from our perspective. There is no need to avoid sex in education.Others do not agree. They think it is not wrong to describe sex in direct ways, but the sentences in the book are too rude and are even banned from our website. The wording should be more tender and beautiful in books for childr

37、en.As far as I can see, we should be more careful about the sensitive topic, sex education. Different methods should be applied to children of different age groups. We can tell more details about sex to the older children, because they can accept it smoothly, and give more pictures, or tender words

38、to the younger ones.1、Why did the elder generation use to lie about where kids came from?ABecause they were innocent and had no idea about thatBBecause they were not open-minded and didnt want their kids to be exposed to sex too earlyCBecause sex was so private that they felt shameful when telling t

39、he truthDBecause they didnt want to go against schools, who usually tried to avoid the subject2、Which of the following statements does not agree with the original text?ARecently, the sex education book mentioned above has become a global concern.BParents criticize the direct ways the sex education b

40、ook adopted to describe sexCPeople divide their opinions on whether sex education is necessary or notDIts not the first time the sex education book mentioned has been used in schools3、What can we infer from the text?AThere was no debate over the sex education book before the recent round controversy

41、BAccording to the supporters, parents should put themselves in their childrens shoes when dealing with the sex education bookCDifferent methods should be used on children of different age groupsDSex education is so sensitive a topic that the writer can hardly bring forward any advice4、Which of the f

42、ollowing words is the nearest in meaning to the underlined word “progressive” in the first paragraph?ARewarding BStrangeCReasonable DAdvanced24（8分） A rainy day can be a chance to recharge. While you relaxed on the sofa with a movie, the raindrops falling on your windows might one day provide the pow

43、er for your TV. This is the idea behind an invention that harvests energy from water.The technology is based on the triboelectric (摩擦电的)effect. An engineer at the University of Hawaii, David Ma knew that its possible to generate electricity by rubbing two things together. So, he thought, “Why dont w

44、e use water?”A drop of water sliding across a surface coated with two different materials would generate enough friction to create an electrical charge. By placing metal wires that the drop of water touched as it moved, it should be possible to harvest electricity, he reasoned.It worked. In fact, th

45、e researchers lit up 15 LED bulbs with a single moving water drop.This is not the first time that scientists have got electricity from water-generated friction( 摩 擦 ). Earlier experiments, though, harvested the charge produced in a surface by a sliding drop of water. There, the surface had acted as

46、an electrode(电极). This is different. The energy of friction is being harvested from the water itself.“It turns out,” Ma says, “the charge in the water drop is way more than the charge produced in the other electrode.” In fact, his teams model generated almost 100 times more power than previous exper

47、iments from a single drop of water.“The technology could someday power phones, sensors or other small electronics,” says Christopher Oshman, an engineer at the Colorado School of Mines. “This work is a step toward harvesting the energy of moving objects all around us, including ourselves, to power t

48、he electronic appliances we use every day,” he says.Ma has shown that the technology can work in a lab, Oshman says. Next, the Colorado researcher would like to see it tried on a larger scale, such as on an umbrella.1、How did the author introduce the topic of the text?ABy telling a story.BBy raising

49、 a question.CBy giving an example.DBy imagining a situation.2、What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?AThe wire.BThe drop of water.CThe surface.DThe electricity.3、What is unique about Mas technique compared with earlier experiments?AThe water itself acts as an electrode.BIt is bas

50、ed on the triboelectric effect.CIt produces electricity from water-made friction.DIt uses a surface coated with two different materials.4、What does Oshman say about Mas technology?AIt has a promising future.BIt will do well on an umbrella.CIt works well in the real world.DIt will replace batteries s

51、omeday.25（10分）Asking a patient to hum(哼唱)piano tunes and play fin instrument while undergoing brain surgery(手术)may sound like a strange request from a doctorHowever，that is exactly what a team of brain specialists，led by Pilcher，requested Dan Fabbio to doIn 2015，the then 25-year-old musician was dia

52、gnosed with a brain tumor(肿瘤)，which was located in the part of the brain known to be active when people listen to and make music“Removing a tumor from the brain can have significant consequences depending on its location，”Pilcher says“Both the tumor and the operation can damage tissue and affect com

53、munication between different parts of the brain”Fabbio，therefore，feared the surgery would cause him to lose his musical abilityTo prevent that from happening，Pilcher and his colleague designed many tests，including asking Fabbio to listen to piano tunes and hum back during MRI scansThis enabled the p

54、hysicians to locate the area that is vital for music and language processing and create a 3-D map of Fabbios brainDespite the great starting point，it was not a perfect way to prevent possible damage to theThe only way was to keep the patient awake and ask him to hum piano tunes during the surgery so

55、 that the surgeons could identify the areas to avoidWhile the surgery went smoothly，the real test came when Fabbio was asked to play a song on his saxophoneThe tunehad been simplified to ensure that it would not require too much strength and cause harm to the stitches(缝线)in the brainHe played it fau

56、ltlessly，and when he finished，the entire operating room erupted in applauseThe researchers say that a year after the groundbreaking surgery，the young musician can once again hear tunes in everythingeven his electric toothbrush1、What can we infer from Pilchers words in Paragraph 2?AFabbios brain was

57、seriously damagedBThe surgery would be a huge challengeCFabbios brain parts failed to communicateDThe surgery had to be performed immediately2、Whats the major difficulty in Fabbios surgery?ATo keep his brain activeBTo help him overcome fearCTo protect his musical abilityDTo enable him to play an ins

58、trument3、What does the underlined word“it”in Paragraph 4 refer to?ACreating a 3-D map of Fabbios brainBRemoving the tumor from Fabbios brainCKeeping Fabbio awake during the surgeryDListening to piano tunes during MRI scans4、Why was Fabbio requested to hum piano tunes during the surgery?ATo save his

59、strengthBTo check the surgery resultCTo make the stitches work easierDTo locate the vital area for music第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项26（30分）When we seem to have finally obtained things weve worked hard for,most of us tend to think that we can relax and

60、 enjoy life. 1 ,life has some rude awakenings for us.This was the 2 for Stevie.He worked hard and years later,he was able to buy a really nice home on a cliff 3 the ocean.It seemed that all his work 4 and that he had finally realized his dream.Well,as life would have it,along came the events over wh