湖南师范大学附中2022-2023学年高三第四次模拟考试英语试卷含解析

1、2022-2023学年高考英语模拟试卷注意事项：1答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号填写在试题卷和答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型（B）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码粘贴在答题卡右上角条形码粘贴处。2作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试题卷上。3非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。4考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答

2、题卡一并交回。第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1It was the natural disaster, rather than human errors, that _ for the death of so many innocent people.Aare blamedBwas to blameCwas blamedDwere to blame2I have been decorating the apartment recently, so can you lend me some money?Sorry, all my money has gone to the

3、stock market. _.AId rather not.BI am in the black.CI wouldnt bet on it.DI am a little shy.3If the new safety system _ to use, the accident would never have happened.Ahad been putBwere putCshould be putDwould be put4She is quite_to office work.You had better offer her some suggestions when necessaryA

4、familiarBfreshCsimilarDsensitive5Loneliness is a feeling _ people experience a powerful rush of emptiness and solitude.AwhichBwhereCthatDhow6The movie couldnt be more boring.I wish I _ to it.Ahad not beenBhave not beenCdid not goDhave not gone7Don t be joking. It s time to_your business.Aset outBtak

5、e upCgo onDget down8-There wont be anywhere to park.-Oh, _. Lets try the subway.Athats a real bargain Bthats a good pointCthats really something Dthats all settled9Tom is proud and _, never admitting he is wrong and always looking for someone else to blame.AstrictBstubbornCsympatheticDsensitive10Wha

6、t did she want to know, Tom?She wondered we could complete the experimentAwhen was it thatBit was when thatCit was whenDwhen it was that11You can ask anyone for help. here is willing to lend you a hand.AOneBNo oneCEveryoneDSomeone *12_ of danger in the street at night, the girl doesnt dare to go out

7、 without someone _ her.AWarned; accompanied BWarned; accompanyingCWarning; accompanied DWarning; accompanying13After the argument Colin ran away and_since.AIsnt heard ofBwasnt heard ofChasnt been heard ofDhadnt been heard of14 _ his overseas study, he was eventually employed by his dream company.AHa

8、ving completedBCompletingCCompletedDTo complete15He started school the same day as I did and_to it like a duck to water.AappealedBtookCcateredDsaw16Not until he left his home _ to know how important the family was for himAdid he begin Bhad he begun Che began Dhe had begun17My sister met him in the s

9、treet yesterday afternoon, so he _ your lecture.Ashouldnt have attendedBcouldnt have attendedCmustnt have attendedDneednt have attended18I _ about w hat youve said and Ive decided to take your advice.AthoughtBhave been thinkingCwas thinkingDhad thought19More expressways in Sichuan soon to promote th

10、e local economy.Aare being builtBwill be builtChave been builtDhad been built20Mary liked to look back on her highschool days， she thought were the happiest in her lifeAthatBwhatCwhichDwhen第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6分）Even if you dont have to work, eat or sleep, you wont be

11、 able to get through all information on blogs and social networks. The problem we face is that much of this information seems very interesting at first glance. Actually, much of the information is unimportant, disposable and it distracts us from more meaningful pursuits. Worse still, when we spend l

12、ots of time consuming information from our social media streams, we may find it hard to concentrate on what were doing and we have a tendency to forget what we have consumed anyway.A new study from Swedens KTH Royal Institute of Technology has found that too much social media exposure actually reduc

13、es your ability to process information and depletes (耗尽) your short-term working memory.Our working memory plays a critical role in our capacity to filter (过滤) information and remember what is valuable but it is not a limitless resource. Erik Fransen, a professor in Computer Science at KTH and the l

14、eader of this is new study on social media overload says this can explain why our capacity (容量) for processing information begins to fail when we attempt to put more information in the working memory.In fact, when you try to process the information like speech or video, you are going to need partly

15、the same system of working memory, so you are reducing your own working memory capacity. And when you try to store many things in your working memory, you get less good at processing information.It is the periods of downtime of your brainpreferably disconnected from the distractions of your computer

16、 or smartphonethat are needed for memory consolidation (巩固) and transferring important information to your exposure to new information. Besides, you can empty your mind of thoughts quickly to relax completely, go for a short walk or spend a few minutes listening to music. This will help you improve

17、your capacity to process information and increase your productivity.1、What can we learn about social media overload from Paragraph 1?AIt distracts our attention. BIt is beneficial to us.CIt brings us whatever we want. DIt keeps us informed of everything.2、Why does your capacity for processing inform

18、ation begin to fall sometimes?AMuch of the information is unimportant.BYour working memory is a limited resource.CYoure less good at processing information.DYou dont make the most of your brain.3、Which is recommended to relax your brain?AThinking over things carefully. BListening to music for a whil

19、e.CTaking enough physical exercise. DFocusing more on the present.22（8分） Imagine you enter a car with no steering wheel, no brake or accelerator pedals ( 踏 板 ). Under a voice-activated command, you say an address. “The fastest route will take us 15.3 minutes. Should I take it?” You say “yes” and you

20、 are on your way. The car responds and starts moving all by itself. All you have to do is to sit back and relax.How strange would it be if, one day in the future, everyone had such a car? No crazy driving, no quarrels, no cutting in; traffic laws would be respected and driving much safer. On the oth

21、er hand, imagine the cost savings for local police enforcement (强制执行) and town budgets without all those speeding and parking tickets.A new technology has the potential to change modern society thoroughly. Theres no question that self-driving vehicles could be an enormous benefit. The potential for

22、safer cars means accident statistics would drop: some 94% of road accidents in the U.S. involve human error. Older drivers and visually- or physically-disabled people would gain a new level of freedom. Maintaining safe speeds and being electric, self-driving cars would sharply reduce pollution level

23、s and dependency on non-renewable fuels. Roads would be quieter, people safer.But we must also consider the impact of the new technology on those who now depend on driving for their living. According to the U.S. Department of Labor, in May 2015 there were 505,560 registered school bus drivers. The A

24、merican Trucking Association lists approximately 3.5 million professional truck drivers in the U.S. The companies developing self-driving vehicles should be partnering with state and federal authorities to offer retraining for this massive workforce, many of whom will be displaced by the new technol

25、ogy.New technologies will, and should, be developed. This is how society moves forward. However, progress cant be one-sided. It is necessary for the companies and state agencies involved to consider the moral consequences of these potential changes to build a better future for all. 1、What would be t

26、he effect of the wide use of driverless cars?AMore policemen would inspect the streets.BPeople would never feel angry about the traffic.CIt would save local governments a lot of money.DTraffic regulations would be a thing of the past.2、How would the elderly and the disabled benefit from driverless c

27、ars?AThey would get rid of air pollution.BThey could enjoy greater mobility.CThey would suffer no road accidents.DThey could go anywhere they want.3、What would be the negative effect of driverless cars?AThe conflict between labor and management would sharpen.BMany drivers would have to find new ways

28、 of earning a living.CDrivers would have a hard time adapting to new road conditions.DThe gap between various departments of society would be widened.4、What does the author suggest businesses and the government do?AEnable everyone to benefit from new technologies.BKeep pace with technological develo

29、pments.CMake new technologies affordable to everyone.DPopularize the use of new technologies and devices.23（8分） The Crowne Plaza Hotel in Copenhagen is offering a free meal to any guest who is able to produce electricity for the hotel on an exercise bike linked to a generator (发电机). The idea is to g

30、et people fit and reduce their carbon footprint. Guests will have to produce at least 10 watt hours of electricity roughly 15 minutes of cycling for someone of average fitness. Guests staying at Plaza Hotel will be given meal tickets worth $ 36 once they have produced 10 watt hours of electricity. T

31、he bicycles will have smart phones attached to the handlebars measuring how much power is being generated for the hotel.The plan, a world-first, will start on 19 April and run for a year. Only guests staying at the hotel will be able to take part. Frederikke Toemmergaard，hotel spokeswoman, said, “Ma

32、ny of our visitors are business people who enjoy going to the gym. There might be people who will cycle just to get a free meal, but generally I dont think people will take advantage of our programme.”Copenhagen has a long-standing cycling tradition and 36 % of locals cycle to work each day, one of

33、the highest percentages in the world, according to the website visitcopenhagen. dk. US environmental website treehugger. com recently voted Copenhagen the worlds best city for cyclists. “Because Copenhagen is strongly connected with cycling, we felt the bicycle would work well as a symbol of the hot

34、els green profile (形象).”If successful，the electric bicycle meal programme will be spread to all Crowne Plaza hotels in the UK, the hotel said in a statement.1、What is the main purpose of the free meal programme?ATo promote the hotels green concept.BTo make the city known to the world.CTo attract peo

35、ple to the hotel restaurant.DTo get guests to stay longer at the hotel.2、How can a participant get a free meal?ABy becoming a professional cyclist.BBy cycling to produce some electricity.CBy linking a smart phone to a bicycle.DBy monitoring his or her carbon footprint.3、Who are most likely to enter

36、for the programme?AThe poor local people.BThe environment activists.CHealth-conscious hotel guests.DVisitors fond of Copenhagen food.4、According to Paragraph 3, Copenhagen has one of the worlds .Abest chain hotelsBgreenest natural environmentsClongest bike pathsDhighest rates of people cycling to wo

37、rk24（8分）Since 2013, Torobo, a robotic arm designed to test the limits of artificial intelligence. has had one ambitionto be admitted to the University of Tokyo. However, it has repeatedly failed. This year was no exception.In early November Torobo took an exam to prepare for an all-important standar

38、dized test. While Torobos total score of 525 out of 950 was 14 points higher than in 2015，its standard score of 57.1% was slightly lower, because human students did better in the 2016 test.Though the score，which is higher than the national average, is enough to get the robot admitted to many other f

39、amous Japanese universities, it falls short of the minimum required for the University of Tokyo.A closer analysis of the results showed that Torobos newly programmed ability to solve complex physics problems helped increase its year-over-year physics score from 46. 5% to 59%. The robot also dug deep

40、 into its database of information from textbooks and websites to obtain an impressive 66.3% in world history. The average 60% scores acquired in the two math sections, were not too shabby either.But，while Torobo is able to handle knowledge-based questions and ones involving complex mathematical calc

41、ulations, it has a hard time thinking independently. As a result, the robot is unable to fully understand multiple sentences and phrases to arrive at the logical conclusions required in the English language tests. This weakness was reflected in the weak oral and writing scores, which came in at 36.2

42、% and 50.5% , respectively.Fortunately, after four tiring years, the robots creators have decided to free Torobo from its annual test-taking suffering, the research team will instead focus on improving the robots ability to pick out specific answers from massive sets of dataa skill that led to its e

43、xcellent history scores. They believe the expertise(专业技术）will help Torobo succeed as an industrial robot.1、What is the disadvantage of Torobo?AIt has much difficulty searching for facts.BIt doesnt own language skills.CIt has weak independent thinking ability.DIt couldnt get through the exams.2、What

44、does the underlined word “it” in the third paragraph refer to?Athe score BToroboCthe University of Tokyo Dthe national average3、What did the exam results show?ATorobos score didnt reach the national average.BTorobos programmed ability improved its math score.CTorobo was admitted to a university.DTor

45、obo did well in the history exam.4、What is the text mainly about?ASubjects a robot are good at.BA robots performances in exams.CMajors that are suitable for a robot.DA robots ways to deal with exams.25（10分） Madison Williams was studying in her bedroom when the door burst openIt was her mother，Leigh

46、williams，with a frightening and incredible story，“A little boy fell into a septic tank(化粪池)，and no one can reach him”Then she made this request of her 13-year-o1d daughter，“Can you help?”Madison and Leigh ran to a neighbors yard，where they found the boys anxious mother and other adults surrounding a

47、 septic tank openingThe opening was only slightly wider than a basketballThe boy，who was only two years o1d，had slipped in and was drowning in four feet of waste water inside the tankMadison quickly surveyed the situationShe was the only one who could fit through the small ho1eWithout hesitation，she

48、 got on her stomach next to the opening，placed her arms out in front of her，and told the adults，“Lower me in”Leigh and others held her waist and legs“I wiggled(扭动)my arms and shoulders until I got through the opening，”Madison saidInside，the tank was dark，and the air disgustingMadison jammed her left

49、 wrist against a pole，injuring the muscles in her wrist and arm so severely that the hand seemed uselessMadison shot her good hand out and grasped the boys foot tightly“Pull me up!”she shouted to the others aboveAs they were pulled to the surface，the boys free foot got stuck under the inside lip of

50、the opening“Lower me down!”she yelled“I had to wiggle his foot until it was free，”she told Readers DigestThen，ten minutes after Madison had entered the tank，she and the boy were lifted out“Madisons a hero，”Holley，one of her neighbors said “What other teenage girl is going to voluntarily go into a se

51、ptic tank?”1、Madison was asked to help the boy because_Ashe was brave enough to help the boyBshe knew how to survey the situationCshe could fit through the small hole to get the boyDshe was willing to help others in trouble2、According to the text，we can learn that_Athe boys mother was too scared to

52、rescue her sonBa boy was trapped when reaching for his basketballCMadison Williams was choked in the disgusting airDthe two kids got out of danger with the aid of the adults3、Which might be the main idea of the passage?AA boy fell into a septic tankBA mother requested her daughter to save a boyCA ne

53、ighbor helped a girl out of troubleDA girl rescued a little boy from a septic tank第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项26（30分）One night, when I was eight , my mother gently asked me a question I would never forget. “Sweetie, my company wants to 1 me but needs

54、me to work in Brazil. This is like your teacher telling that youve done 2 and allowing you to skip a grade(跳级), but youll have to 3 your friends. Would you say yes to your teacher?” She gave me a hug and asked me to think about it. I was puzzled. The question kept me 4 for the rest of the night I ha

55、d said “yes” but for the first time, I realized the 5 decisions adults had to make.For almost four years, my mother would call us from Brazil every day. Every evening Id 6 wait for the phone to ring and then tell her every detail of my day. A phone call, however, could never replace her 7 and it was

56、 difficult not to feel lonely at times.During my fourth-grade Christmas break, we flew to Rio to visit her. Looking at her large 8 apartment, I became 9 how lonely my mother must have been in Brazil herself. It was then 10 I started to appreciate the tough choices she had to make on 11 family and wo

57、rk. 12 difficult decisions, she used to tell me, you wouldnt know whether you make the right choice, but you could always make the best out of the situation, with passion and a 13 attitude.Back home , I 14 myself that what my mother could do, I could, too. If she 15 to live in Rio all by herself, I,

58、 too, could learn to be 16 . I learn how to take care of myself and set high but achievable 17 .My mother is now back with us. But I will never forget what the 18 has really taught me. Sacrifices 19 in the end. The separation between us has proved to be 20 for me.1、AattractBpromoteCsurpriseDpraise2、

59、AlittleBmuchCwellDwrong3、AleaveBrefuseCcontactDforgive4、AexplainingBsleepingCwonderingDregretting5、ApoorBtimelyCfinalDtough6、AeagerlyBpolitelyCnervouslyDcuriously7、ApatienceBpresenceCintelligenceDInfluence8、AComfortableBExpensiveCEmptyDModern9、AInterested inBaware ofCdoubtfulDsatisfied with10、AwhenB

60、whereCwhichDthat11、AabandoningBbalancingCcomparingDmixing12、ADepending onBsupplied withCFaced withDInsisting on13、AdifferentBfriendlyCpositiveDgeneral14、AcriticizedBinformedCwarnedDreminded15、AmanagedBofferedCattemptedDexpected16、AgratefulBenergeticCindependentDpractical17、AexamplesBlimitsCrulesDgoa