东北育才双语学校2022-2023学年高三下第一次测试英语试题含解析

1、2022-2023学年高考英语模拟试卷注意事项：1答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号填写在试题卷和答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型（B）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码粘贴在答题卡右上角条形码粘贴处。2作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试题卷上。3非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。4考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答

2、题卡一并交回。第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1The Small Goose Pagoda in Xian, one of the 22 Silk Road relics located in China, _ back in 707 during the Tang Dynasty.AdatedBwas datedCdatesDis dating2We sell a lot of products offshore and the opportunity to open up markets in regions _ we dont currently sell a lo

3、t to is a great one.AwhereBthatCwhatDwhen3You look frozenSit down by the fire and I you some hot teaAmakeBwas makingCmadeDwill make4-Each of the students working hard at their hard at their lessons the book.-So have I.AreadsBhave readChas readDread5- Alison, Im sorry. I cant come to the wedding with

4、 you tomorrow morning. - _? - My grandma was severely ill, so I have to stay in the hospital to look after her. AHow is it BHow come CSo what DWhats the problem 6The document film _ next week aims at introducing local cultures to the world.AreleasedBbeing releasedCto be releasedDhaving been released

5、7Don t be joking. It s time to_your business.Aset outBtake upCgo onDget down8-Are you satisfied with his school report?-Not at all. It couldnt have been _.Aworse Bso badCbetter Dthe worst9 Could you turn the TV down a little bit? _. Is it disturbing you?ATake it easy. BIm sorry. CNot a bit DIt depen

6、ds10 worries the public that air pollution is becoming more and more serious these days.AItBThatCWhatDThis11He was offered a position at the local church school, _ he went to the Cambridge.Aafter whenBsince whichCafter whichDsince when12 Peter, you seem in high spirits. _ I have been offered a part-

7、time job in the KFC .ASo what?BNo wonder.CNo doubt.DGuess what.13As a teacher, you have to _ your method to suit the needs of slower children.AdisplayBtestCadjustDtransfer14Andy can go to the cinema together with us he has finished the taskAunlessBas soon asCuntilDas long as15The teacher often gives

8、 his students a brief pause in class _ they can take in what he has taught.AwhyBwhenCwhoDwhich16You cant imagine how excited we were _ that our schoolmates had won the first place in National Robot Competition.AlearningBhaving learnedCto be learningDto learn17What I love most about reading novels is

9、 _ the authors vividly describe the characters.AwhatBwhyChowDwhom18Mr, White, do you have anything _?No, nothing. You can take a rest now.Atype Btyped Cto type Dto be typed19Kunming is called “Spring City”, but it _ snow in winter.AshallBcanCmustDmight20These diagrams are especially helpful when we

10、have a concrete problem _ at hand.Abe solved Bto solve Csolved Dbeing solved第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6分） Vehicles often come into conflict with other vehicles and pedestrians when their intended courses of travel intersect (交叉), and end up being in each other，s way. The ge

11、neral principle that establishes who has the right to go first is called “right of way”, or “priority”. It determines who has the right to use the conflicting part of the road and who has to wait. Signs, signals, markings and other features are often used to make priority clear.A driver must yield (

12、让) the right of way to other drivers: When approaching a YIELD sign. Slow down or stop to avoid a crash. Even after the light turns green when there are vehicles in the intersection. When approaching emergency vehicles using sounding or flashing sirens. After coming to a complete stop at an intersec

13、tion where there is a stop sign or a flashing red signal. If there is no stop line, stop before the crosswalk. When making a left turn on a red light after a stop from a one-way street to another one-way street with traffic moving to the left. (See Figure A) When two vehicles on different roadways a

14、rrive at a four-way stop intersection at the same time, the vehicle should yield to the vehicle on its right. (See Figure B) When coming out of an alley, building, private road or driveway after coming to a complete stop. (See Figure C) When crossing traffic at the end of a “T” road with no traffic

15、control signs or signals. (See Figure D)1、Whats the purpose of the text?ATo explain the law of right of way.BTo illustrate traffic signs and signals.CTo inform drivers of general traffic rules.DTo introduce traffic rules to pedestrians.2、Which is the right behavior according to the text?ADrive on on

16、ce the light turns green.BKeep driving if there is no stop line.CYield to emergency vehicles at any time.DSlow down when approaching a YIELD sign.3、Which of the following description is TRUE according to the figures?AFigure A: B should yield to ABFigure B: A should yield to BCFigure C: A should yiel

17、d to BDFigure D: A should yield to B22（8分）Losing weight comes with a lot of health benefitsincluding making your brain sharper.Yes, it turns out that overweight may damage cognitive functions (认知功能) such as memory and attention. There have been few studies of overweight and cognitive functioning, po

18、ssibly because it is generally believed that it is not a primary risk cause for poor cognitive performance. Losing weight, therefore, may help improve these mental functions, according to a new research led by John Gunstad, assistant professor of psychology at Kent State University.Growing evidence

19、suggests that being fat is linked to cognitive deficits (缺陷). So Gunstad and his team guessed that losing weight might improve mental function. For their study, they measured memory and attention in a group of 150 overweight participants, some of whom had some kind of operation for weight loss and s

20、ome did not. All of the volunteers completed mental skills tests to assess their abilities of memory and attention at the beginning of the study, and again 12 weeks later. To begin with, about 24% of the patients showed damaged learning and 23% showed signs of poor memory when tested. At the end of

21、the study, those who had lost weight after operation improved their scores into the average or above average range for cognitive functions. Scores for the volunteers who didnt lose weight dropped even further.The study helped Gunstad to find out whether losing weight had any effect on mental functio

22、n. Now that hes seen the positive effect that weight loss can have on memory and attention, he says he will next study those who choose to lose weight by the traditional wayeating healthier and getting more active. He expects that losing weight in this way will have a similarly positive effect on th

23、e brain. “If we can improve the condition with operations, then we can probably produce the same change with behavioral weight loss as well,” he says.1、There is less research on overweight and cognitive functions because researchers _.Abelieve overweight only affects our bodyBhave focused on ways to

24、 sharpen peoples mindCdo not consider overweight a main cause for low cognitive abilityDare clear about the relation between weight and mental functions2、The result of Gunstads study shows that _.Alosing weight has little effect on peoples memoryBlosing weight can improve peoples mental functionsCov

25、erweight people are likely to have psychology problemsDoverweight peoples abilities of concentration differ greatly3、What is Gunstad planning to prove next in his research?ASlim people are smarter than overweight people.BHealthy diet is better than exercise in losing weight.CTraditional ways of losi

26、ng weight are better than operation.DOverweight people will get smarter by taking more exercise.4、Which of the following is the best title for the text?ABody Weight and HealthBLosing Weight by OperationCWays to Improve Mental FunctionsDLosing Weight to Sharpen Your Mind23（8分）The latest IPCC report d

27、oes not mince words(直言不讳地) about the state of our planet: we must act now to achieve global change at a scale that has “no documented historical precedent(先例)” in order to avoid the climate disaster that would result from a 2 degree C rise in average global temperature. Climate change already affect

28、s the worlds most helpless people including poor rural communities that depend on the land for their livings and coastal communities. Indeed, we have already seen the clear asymmetry(不对称) of suffering resulting from extreme weather events, such as hurricanes, floods, droughts, wildfires and more.So

29、far, advocates and politicians have tended to focus on reducing fossil fuel(矿物燃料) consumption through technology and/or policy, such as a sharp carbon tax, as climate solutions. These proposals are, of course, essential to reducing manmade carbon emissions(排放)-71 percent of which are produced by jus

30、t 100 fossil fuel companies.Yet the international focus on fossil fuels has overshadowed(使.显得不重要) the most powerful and cost-efficient carbon-capture technology the world has yet seen: forests. Recent scientific research confirms that forests and other “natural climate solutions” are absolutely esse

31、ntial in reducing climate change. In fact, natural climate solutions can help us achieve 37 percent of our climate target, even though they currently receive only 2.5 percent of public climate financing.Forests power to store carbon dioxide through the simple process of tree growth is staggering:_on

32、e tree can even store an average of about 48 pounds of carbon dioxide in one year. Recent research show undamaged forests are capable of storing the same amount of the carbon dioxide emissions of entire countries such as Peru and Colombia.For this reason, policy makers and business leaders must crea

33、te and strengthen ambitious policies to prevent deforestation, and support the sustainable management of standing forests in the fight against climate change. Protecting the worlds forests ensures they can continue to provide essential functions aside from climate stability, including producing oxyg

34、en, filtering water and supporting biodiversity. Not only do all the worlds people depend on forests to provide clean air, clean water，oxygen, and medicines, but 1.6 billion people rely on them directly for their livelihoods.1、According to the passage, climate change _.Awill surely achieve at a scal

35、e that is more serious than ever beforeBwill only affect people living in the poorest rural regionsCis likely to lead to more frequent extreme weather eventsDis entirely determined by fossil fuel consumption2、Whats the finding of the new research?AReducing fossil fuels is the most powerful and cost-

36、efficient technology.BForests are vital to reducing climate change due to their storage power.CMost of our climate targets can be accomplished with the help of natural climate solutions.DNatural climate solutions have proved less efficient than conventional solutions.3、The underlined word “staggerin

37、g” in Paragraph 4 means _.Aastonishing Bspeeding Cembarrassing Dshrinking4、Whats the authors purpose of writing this article?ATo compare two different approaches to dealing with climate change.BTo argue against the view that focus on fossil fuels reduction counts.CTo urge scientists to do more resea

38、rch into natural climate solutions.DTo point out forests are the most powerful weapon for fighting climate change.24（8分）Many people may have watched the film “March of the Penguins”, which shows a real group of birds in Antarctica. Imagine a group of fat black and white birds walking in a line. Sudd

39、enly, one penguin loses his balance and falls on the ice. Every time penguins fall down, people laugh. The animals are cute!People like the film very much. So much, in fact, that police in England think that it may be the reason behind a crime. A man went to a zoo in London and stole a baby penguin.

40、 Authorities think that the man stole the penguin after seeing the film and believe he wanted to give it away as a Christmas gift.Michael Gauthier-Clerc, an expert studying penguins, thinks that many people like penguins but some people do not understand them. He told The New York Times newspaper, “

41、People love the penguins colors, its way of standing straight upright and the way it walks.”These things make penguins seem cute to people, but there are good reasons for all of these things. For example, penguins move from side to side when they walk and may seem to be out of balance. But Doctor Ga

42、uthier-Clerc says that the penguins waddle to save energy. The penguins colour also has a special purpose. It protects the penguins when they are swimming. From below, larger animals cannot see the penguins white underside because it looks the same as the bright sky or ice. And from above, other ani

43、mals cannot see the penguins black back against the dark ocean floor.The penguins colors protect them in nature. But scientists have found that some of these physical details also have an effect on humans. They make animals seem cute to people. Scientists believe that humans are very sensitive to th

44、ings that are cute, such as human baby and even objects that may look like parts of a baby.Recent studies show that cute images affect the brain in a special way. A study done at the University of Michigan tested young peoples reactions to images. It found that young people believed a message more i

45、f the message was joined by a cute picture. The researchers showed the young people two messages. One was a simple anti-smoking message. The other showed a cute animal telling them that smoking was bad. The conclusion turned out that the young people trusted the cute message more than the simple mes

46、sage.1、In the film “March of the Penguins”, _.Aa baby penguin is stolen Ba penguin is sent out as a giftCpenguins are cute and attractive Dpenguins have a bad sense of balance2、It can be inferred from the passage that _ .Aa walking penguin has more energy than a swimming oneBa penguin walks in a fun

47、ny way to prevent itself from fallingCa shop selling baby products are likely to make more moneyDa website with cute pictures may attract more young visitors3、Scientists have found that the penguins color can _.Achange at different places Bhelp them keep warmCmake people have pity on them Dprotect t

48、hem from being hunted4、The study carried out by the University of Michigan shows that _.Acute messages mislead peopleBcuteness influences peoples judgmentChumans react to anything that is cuteDa simple message is more convincing than a cute message25（10分）In 2013，a report from The Nero England Journa

49、l of Medicine showed that increased body weight is related to the death rate for all cancers. This is based on a study involving about 900,000 people, spanning many years.The study, started in 1992 by the American Cancer Society, included men and women from all 50 states. The youngest participants w

50、ere 30 years old, and the average age was 57. By December 2008, 24% of the participants had died, just a quarter of them from cancers. In analyzing the results, researchers attempted to take account of such potential factors as smoking drinking alcohol, taking aspirin and a wide variety of other fac

51、tors that might otherwise affect the results. .The results are clear: the more you weigh, the greater your risk of dying of cancer will be (up to 52% higher for men and 62% for women). In men as well as women, the only cancers that did not have a strong connection with weight were lung cancer and-br

52、ain cancer. For women, the strongest correlation with weight was uterine cancer (子宫癌), which is 6.5 times higher for women with a BMI (Body Mass Index) of 40 or more. For men, it was liver cancer, which is 4.5 times higher in most obese (肥胖的) men.Smokers tend to be more successful in keeping weight

53、off than non-smokers, slightly reducing the risk. But many of them dont have good lungs. Thus, in another way, they also face risks. As for why extra weight leads to excess cancer death rate, theres no clear agreement. But the decrease in vitamin D in obese people seems a likely factor. Vitamin D is

54、 known to have a role in preventing cancer. Also, there is a simple fact that obesity makes the management of cancer more difficult. Although for now there is no simple answer to why obesity increases a persons cancer risk, all we know for certain is that the risk is real.1、The passage is mainly con

55、cerned with the relationship between _.Adiet and cancer Bbody weight and cancerCsex and cancer Dsmoking and cancer2、The author develops the passage mainly through _.Atime order Bspace orderCanalysis and comparison Dfigures and examples3、The underlined word “spanning” in the first paragraph probably

56、means “_”.Alasting BincludingChappening Dchanging4、According to the passage, what can we learn about the study?AThere is a clear explanation concerning why obesity leads to more cancers.BGenerally speaking, women face fewer risks of dying of cancer than menCWomen with a BMI of 40 dying of uterine ca

57、ncer are more than other women.DSmokers are still likely to face risks of dying of cancer though keeping weight off.第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项26（30分） It was pouring outsideWe all stood there 1 , some patient, others annoyed 2 nature messed (弄糟) thei

58、r hurried dayI got lost in the sound and sight of the heavens 3 away the dirt and dust of the world“Mom，lets run through the rain ,” a girls voice 4 me.“No , honey. Well wait until it 5 down a bit,” Mom replied.The young girl waited about another minute and 6 , “Mom, lets run through the rain.”“Well

59、 get wet if we do.”Mom said.“No, we wont, Mom. Thats not what you said this morning,” the young girl said as she 7 her Moms arm.“This morning? 8 did I say we could run through the rain and not get wet?”“Dont you remember? When you were talking to Daddy about his cancer,” you said ,” If God can get u

60、s through this, he can get us through 9 .”The entire crowd turned 10 . Mom paused and thought for a moment about 11 she would say. Now some would laugh it off and scold her for being 12 . But then we heard, “Honey, you are 13 . Lets run through the rain. If we get wet , maybe we just need washing.”M