中考英语专题复习-介词

1、介词复习提纲一、介词的定义介词是一种虚词，不能独立存在。它必须和随后的不足成分一起构成介词短语，才能用作句子的成分二、介词（短语）的分类1.表示时间的介词（短语）at用在具体的时间点之前。e.g.atfiveoclockin用在年，月，季节之前，用在表泛指的上午。下午、晚上之前。e.g.inJuly、intheafternoonon用在星期之前，用在具体某天或者某天的上午、下午、晚上之前。e.g.ontheafternoonofJuly2ndafter表示在之后”反义词是beforeobefore表示“在之前”。除了可以用作介词之外，before还可以做连词和副词。until表示“直到”，no

2、tuntil意为“直到才”。since表示“自从”，后跟表示过去的时间点时，通常和现在完成时连用。during表示在期间。e.g.duringthespeechfrom和to拾配，from.to.表示从到。e.g.from3:30to5:30by表示在之前不迟于。e.g.byfiveoclock2.表示方位的介词at用在比较小的地点之前。e.g.arriveattheairportin用在表较大的地点之前。e.g.arriveinBeijing表示在里面。heboxinfrontof表示在前面。反义词是behindbehind表示在后面”。under表示在-卜面”。by表示在旁边

3、；靠近。e.g.bythewindowbeside表示在旁边”。near表示在附近”。nextto表示“靠近;紧挨”。from和to搭配，from.to.表示从至Ue.g.fromBeijingtoShanghaiontheleftof表示在的左边”。ontherightof表示在的右边”。【注意】in是常见的介词，还有如下的用法in+颜色/服装此时in表示“穿着某种颜色的衣服”。in+语言此时in表示“用某种语言”in+时间段用在一般将来时的句中，该句表示在“早某段时间之后。3.表示方式、手段或工具的介词1）表示方式byby+交通工具。on，inon，in+限定词+交通工具。2）表示手段或工

4、具with和具体的工具搭配。by表示“通过；以的方式或手段”，其后常跟动名词。in和语言，声音等材料搭配4.其他常考介词的基本用法for表示为了。e.g.Theyfoughtforthecountry.of表示的”协助构成所有格形式。e.g.amapofChina.about表示关于。e.g.abookaboutflowers.with表示和在一起。e.g.Ilivewithmyparents.表示带有，具有。e.g.ahousewithagarden构成固定搭配。e.g.withthehelpof,agreewith,providesb.withsth.without表示无；没有。e.g.F

5、ishcannotlivewithoutwater.三、介词（短语）的基本用法用作表语。e.g.Weareintheclassroom.用作宾语补足语。e.g.Iwassurprisedtofindhimonthebus.用作后置定语。e.g.ThegirlinawhiteT-shirtismysister.用作状语。e.g.Therearemanyflowersinthegarden.四、常考的易混介词和介词短语between表示“在（两者）之间”。among表示在（.者或.者之上）之间”infrontof表示“在某范围以外的前面”。inthefrontof表示“在某范围以内的前面”。on表

6、示“在上面”，强调表面接触。反义词是beneathoover表示“在上方”，强调在垂直的上面。反义词是underoabove表示“在上方”，可能在垂直的上方，也可能不在垂直的上方，只表示上下的位置关系。反义词是belowacross表示从表面穿过，通常和road,street,river等搭配。through表示从立体空间穿过，通常和window,channel,town,city等搭配。over表示越过咼的物体，通常和wall,mountain等搭配。for后跟时间段，常用来说明动作延续的时间长度。since后跟时间点，常用来说明动作起始的时间。besides表示“除之外还有”，表示累计关系

7、。except表示“除了”，表示排除关系。bemadeof表示“由制造”，强调可以看出原材料。bemadefrom表示“由制造”，强调看不出原材料。bemadeby表示“由（某人）制造”，后面跟人。bemadein表示“在（某地）制造”，后跟地点。bemadeinto表示“被制成”，后跟成品。五、介词（短语）中考考点考点一动词+介词：at：lookatlaughatknockatshoutatpointatfor：payforlookforaskforleaveforon：dependongetoncallonpassongoonwith：agreewitharguewithbeginwith

8、about：thinkaboutcareaboutworryaboutbe+形容词+介词：of：beproudofbefullofbeafraidoffor：befamousforbereadyforbesorryforbelateforin：beinterestedinbestrcitin.at：begoodatbeangryatbesurprisedatwith：besatisfied/pleasedwithbesrictwithbeangrywith考点二ofsb.和forsb.Its+adj.+ofsb.+todosth.该句型多用于表示人物的性格或品德。其中的形容词多是表示主观感情或

9、态度的形容词，如good，kind，nice，clever，foolish等。Itsadj.+forsb.+todosth.该句型多用于表示人物或事物的特征。其中的形容词多是表示客观形势的形容词，如easy，hard，difficult，interesting考点针对联系一、单项选择【2013北京】LucylivedinBeijingfrom20082012.onB.toC.atD.of【2013大连】InAmerica,peoplestartcelebratingtheNewYear31tDecember.A.inB.atC.onD.for【2013扬州】-Howlonghaveyouliv

10、edinthenewflat?-2010.A.InB.AfterC.SinceD.Before【2013锦州】Mostofmyclassmatesgotoschoolbike.A.atB.byC.onD.in【2013上海】Wow!TenstudentsinourclasswillcelebratetheirfourteenthbirthdaysOctober!A.inB.onC.atD.to【2013呼和浩特】herhusband,shehasnowbecomeafamousfilmstar.A.BecauseB.ThankstoC.ThanksforD.Withthehelpof【2013

11、兰州】-WhydoyoualwaysgotoLanzhouUniversityonweekends?-BecausethererelotsofgreatspeakersIcanpracticeEnglishintheEnglishcornerthere.A.withB.toC.onD.about【2013烟台】-Whydoyoualwayssleep?-BecauseImafraidofthedark.A.byyourselfB.withthedooropenC.withthewindowopenD.withthelighton【2013三亚】OnmyvisittoAustralia,Ifee

12、lAustraliansaresimilarusinmanyways.A.withB.inC.toD.at【2013河南】-Whatdidyougetyourbirthdayjason?-AniPad3,frommyaunt.A.toB.atC.withD.for【2013安徽】Mrs.Kingputacoatthesleepinggirltokeepherwarm.A.overB.withC.behindD.beside【2013无锡】Iceisnotoftenseenhereinwinterasthetemperaturenormallystayszero.A.upB.downC.abov

13、eD,below【2013温州】Annoftehelpsmemathafterschool.AforB.withC.onD.by【2013黔西南】AllofyouwentthezooWangHui.Shehadtolookafterhergrandpa.A.besidesB,withC.exceptD.beside15【2013德州】,theInternetwasonlyusedbygovernment.Butnowitswidelyusedineveryfield.A.AsusualB.AtfirstC.AfterallD.Sofar【2013重庆】YoucanimproveyourEngl

14、ishpracticingmore.A.byB.withC.ofD.in【2013苏州】Sandyisarealbookloverandsheoftenbringshomemanybookstoreadthelibrary.A.inB.forC.byD.from【2013武汉】Suehasmanynicedresses.Shewearsadifferentoneeverydaytheweek.A.ofB.fromC.atD.for【2013荆州】Themodelplaneisntasniceasmysisters,butitwasmadebymyself.A.atlastB.atleastC.

15、attimesD.atpresent【2013丽水】Beforethebridgewasbuilttheriver,thevillagershadtotakeaboattotheotherside.A.inB.besideC.acrossD.along【2013聊城】Dontaskhimtostudytoolateinthenight.,heisonlyasmallchild.A.AsaresultB.AfterallC.BestofallD.Forexample【2013荷泽】Mostofkidsinourschoolenjoypopsongs,somehitsongsontheIntern

16、etlikeTheCoolestEthnicTrend（最炫民族风）.A.besidesB.includingC.exceptD.without【2013襄阳】-Whatdoyouoftendoclassestorelaxyourselves.-Weoftendoeyeexercises,listentomusicordosomerunningaroundtheschool.A.inB.amongC.betweenD.through【2013孝感】Studentsshouldntgotoschoolbreakfast.Itsbadfortheirhealth.A.withB.withoutC.

17、forD.by【2013广州】Icouldntdoityourgreathelp.Thanksalot!A.withB.withoutC.forD.to二、介词填空1.CouldyoutellmesomethingUFOs?Iamreallyinterestedinit.2.Igotoschooleightoclock.3.Ginasfatherisfortyyearsold.canhelpyoumath.Thepictureisthewall.Thewindowsarethewall.ManystudentsdohomeworkpensMybirthdayisFebruary,15th.Ch

18、ildrensDayisJune.WhatsthisJapanese?Pleasecomeandseeatourstoreyourself.Manybooksarethebookcase.Asetofkeysisthedrawer.Mymirror（镜子）isthedresser.Myshoesarethebed.Tomusuallyplaysping-pongtwohoursBisAC.gotoschoolabackpack.Pleasebringsomebooksschool.Wesellthesebagssports$5.buytwopairsofshoes$50Heoftenplays

19、computergamestheevening.TheyusuallyplaybasketballSaturdaymorning.Thisboyisthetree.Itsverydangerous.（危险）。25.Therearemanypearsthetree.Hereisaphotomyfamily.ThisisthemapChina.ThebankdoesntopenSunday.Myparentsusuallygototheparksupper.Wehavesocksallcolors.Thanksyourletter.Myfatherisstrictmemystudy.eataneg

20、gbreakfast,Heoftendoeshishomeworkhome.ThebankofChinaisfrontofthepostoffice.HeusuallywatchesfootballgameTV.reallywantgototheUSA.likecoffeemilk.39.Itsnotpolitetotalkgirlsage.40.Itisveryfar（远）ChinaAmerica.三、阅读练习完形填空（共15小题，每小题l分;满分15分）阅读短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Doyouknowthathumanshavebeenc

21、leaningtheirteethforover7,000years?AccordingtotheBBC,theAncientEgyptiansusedatypeoftoothpaste（牙膏）.21itisbelievedthattheEgyptiansusedafinger22atoothbrushtocleantheirteeth.Chinesepeoplemayhave23thefirsttoothbrusharound1,600BC.Yourtoothbrush,however,mayhavealsobecome24.Becauseitisnowpossibletocleanourt

22、eeth25usingourhands!TwoCanadians,AdelElseriandSaidFayad,haveinvented26calledT2Tortongue-to-teethElserisayshecameupwiththeidea27hewasdrivinghomeafteralongdayatworkHis28isatoothbrushthatgoesontoyourtongue（舌）T2Thasspecialedges（边缘）andtoothpaste.Sojust29yourtongueoveryourteethanditcleansyourteethjustlike

23、atoothbrush30!ItwillmakeyourbreathfreshtooElseriandFayadmadethishand-freetoothbrushbecausetheybelieveditwasa31wayforsomeonetobrushtheirteeth.ButpeoplecanonlyusetheT2T_32.Wouldyouusethetongue-to-teeth?TheHuffingtonPostintheUS33readerswhattheythought.Sixty-onepercentsaidthattheywoulduseitwhileonlythir

24、ty-ninepercentsaidthey34.PersonallyIthinkImgoingtostickto（坚持用）the35.21.A.SoB.ThenC.ButD.Or22.A.insteadofB.becauseofC.morethanD.lessthan23A.discoveredB.developC.builtD.developed24A.scienceB.historyC.problemDsecret25.AbyB.fromC.withoutDfor26.A.nothingB.everythingC.anythingD.something27.A.untilB.whenC.

25、sinceD.though28.A.ideaB.storyC.wordDplan29A.holdB.pullC.moveD.check30AisB.doesC.wasD.did31AhealthierB.easierC.harderD.longer32A.againB.soonConceDalready33.A.toldB.askedC.warnedD.advised34.A.shouldntB.shouldC.wouldntD.would35.AfingerBtoothbrushC.mouthDtongueBritishtennisplayerAndyMurraywaitedsevenyea

26、rsbeforehecouldrealizehisGrandSlam（大满贯）dream.OnSeptemberll,2012,Murraybeatdefendingchampion（卫冕冠军）NovakDjokovicintheUSOpenfinal.The25-year-oldfinallywonhisfirsteverGrandSlamtrophy（奖杯）sinceheturnedprofessional（职业的）in2005.Itwasaclosematchthatlastedfourhoursand54minutes.ThetwoaregoodfriendsandDjokovicis

27、onlysevendaysyounger.Djokovichaswonfivetitles（冠军）whileMurraywastherunner-upinhislastfourGrandSlamfinals.Wouldhebeabletowinagrandslamthefifthtimeofasking?EvenMurrayhimselfwasnotsure.Iwasstilldoubting（怀疑）myselfrightuptoafewminutesbeforegoingontoplaythematch.Ihavebeeninthispositionmanytimesandnottriedhardtogetthrough,hetoldtheDailyMailafterhisvictory.Buthedidnotthinkabouthispastdisappointment（失望）toomuch.Instead,hefoughtthrough.1thinkjustprovingmyselfisprobablythemostpleasingpartaboutthismatch,hesaid.Thevictorycomesfourweek