九年级英语上册单词记忆和句型语法(Unit1、2、4、5、6、7、8、9、10)

1、九年级上册单词巧记句型语法剖析Unit 1 How do you study for a test三点剖析单词巧记典句考点fdoud 9;JaUd “Al 出言地【巧记提示】a+loud （ adj .大声地）【经典例句】Reading aloud is necessary for every English learner.朗读对每一个英语学习者来说都是必要的。【考点聚焦】1 ）当朗读课文时，一定要用aloud 。如：Reading aloud is different from reading loudly.朗读课文与大声2）与 aloud如：地读课文是有区别的。意思相近的词为loudly

2、 。当表示“大声地”时两个词可以相互代替Who is knocking at the door loudly （aloud）?谁在大声地敲门?memorize ,memSralz it 记忆；背诵【巧记提示】memor（y）（ n. 记忆力）+-ize （ 动词后缀）【经典例句】 He is the person who can memorize everything he sees.他就是那个过目不忘的人。【考点聚焦】 掌握它的名词memory 的用法。1 ）作“记忆，纪念”讲时，memory是不可数名词。如：In memory of Lei Feng,we made a film.为了纪念

3、雷锋， 我们拍了一部电影。2）当memory 指的是“个人的记忆力或记忆的事情”时，是可数的。如:He has a bad memory for dates.他对 日 期 的记忆力很差。memories of childhood童年时的记忆。diHbereolly dlfarantl原由一不同地；西区别地【巧记提示】different（ adj .不同）+-ly（副词后缀）【经典例句】 Trying to act differently can not be always right.举止与众不同，不会总是对的。【考点聚焦】注意 different adj “differencen.及 dif

4、ferently adv的词性的不同。如：Everyone is different from the others.每一个人都与其他的人不同。I can not tell the differences我说不出这两幅图之间的区别。between these two pictures.He always thinksdifferently .他的想法总是与众不同。【活学活用】1.请用different的适当形式填空1）How many can you see2)If you do it ,maybe you will find a new way.3)The twins look . quic

5、kly m IIadm 迅速地【巧记提示】quick （ adj.快的）+- ly（副词后缀）【经典例句】You must passthe ball as quicklyas you can.你必须尽可能快地传球。【考点聚焦】请认真把握quickly与fast的区别。1） quickly 与fast两者都可以表示速度快，此时它们可以相互代替。如：You speak too fast（quickly）.你说得太快了。当表示钟表的时间快，比某人快多少时间时，只能用 fast。如：My watch is five minutes fast.我的表快 5 分钟。当表示动作迅速时，我们只能使用quick

6、ly 。如：Come here quickly.快来这儿。exritrd | Ik-Hd adf.兴奋的【巧记提示】excite （ v.兴奋）+-d （形容词后缀）【经典例句】Toby is excited about playing computer games.托比对玩电脑游戏很是兴奋。【考,/聚焦】 1 ） be excited to do something 与 be excited about doing something 都是“对做什么事情感到兴奋”的意思，两者可以作为同义句 相互转换。2）注意区别exciting 与excited 。单词后面加-ing的是修饰事物的，单词后加

7、-ed是形容人的感受的。如：Surfing is exciting.冲浪是很刺激的。I felt excited when I heard the exciting news.当我听至 这个 肖息时我感到很兴奋。【活学活用】2.根据汉语提示，写出下列单词的正确形式1）Tom is in Chinese.（ 兴趣）2）That story book is（无聊）3）How it is to watch TV.（放松）4）We were all about his coming.（兴奋）答案：1.1）differences 2） differently 3） different2.1 ） inte

8、rested 2） boring 3） relaxing 4） excited3.Aspoken adj. 口语的【巧记提示】spoken（ 口语的）spot（看见）【经典例句】 Your spoken English needs improving.你的英语口语需要提高。【考点聚焦】spoken English意思是“英语口语”；English speakingcountries 意思是“说英语的国家”，请注意两个词组的意思的区别。【活学活用】3.（2010四川成都模拟）Britain,Australia and NewZealand are countries.A.English spea

9、king D.speak English challenge n. 挑战【巧记提示】ch+all( 【经典例句】Can you你能挑战他玩反恐吗？B.English speakC.spoken English者 B）+engechallenge him to play CS【考点聚焦】1 ) challenge 可以作为名词使用。如：The population problem is a great challenge of the world today.人口问题是当今世界的一个巨大挑战。2 ) challenge可以作为动词使用。如： He challenged me to playano

10、ther tennis game.他向我挑战要我跟他再打一场网球。v.学习)+-er(名词后缀)learner电 学习者【巧记提示】learn (【经典例句】 He is a good English learner.他是一个很会学英语的人 【考点聚焦】1 ) learn 以作为形容词使用，意为 He is a learned man.2 )注意把握动词learn的过去式有两种：learned 或learnt 。 learned 可“博学的”，此时不能用 他是一个博学的人. 与介词搭配的不同用法。learnt 。如:You must learn everything by heart.He i

11、s our example,we should learn from him.我们应该向他学习。与之变化相似的词还有listener,talker如：你必须用心学任何事情。他是我们的榜样,O如:He is not a good talker.He is a good listener.unless Snips* couj.如果不；除非【巧记提示】un （ 没有）他不太会说话他是个很好的倾诉对象(他乐意听人说话)+less （【经典例句】My baby sister小）never cries unless she is hungry.我刚出生的妹妹除非饿了，她是从来不哭的。【考点聚焦】unles

12、s引导的条件状语从句，从句一定要用一般现在时代替将来时。除非明天下雨,如：I ll go to the movie unless it rains tomorrow.否则我要去看电影。re瘠rd irgci：rd也 将视作【巧记提示】regard(【经典例句】He regards 视作）reward（ 奖励） money as his life.他视财如命。将视作。如：我视他为我最好的朋友。【考点聚焦】1 )掌握词组regard as I regard him as my best friend.regard用于信尾表示问候，要用复数。如:请把我最美好的问Please give my best

13、 regards to your brother.候带给你的哥哥。duty JdjiiTtl m【巧记提示】【经典例句】 谁值日？【考点聚焦】责任；义务I duty（ 责任）beauty（美丽）I Who is on duty ?情是某人的职责固定句型It is one”。如：s duty to do sth.意思是“做事保持It is our duty to keep the classroom clean and tidy.教室干净整洁是我们的责任。practice l& 门一发正练习【巧记提示】【经典例句】 熟能生巧。【考点聚焦】pr+act（Practice活动）+ice （ 冰）ma

14、kes perfect.practice后接动词时，应该用动词的-ing形式。eadly II adv.容易地【巧记提示】easi(y【经典例句】I can Alert.（adj .容易的）+-ly （PK 4 hardenemies副词后缀）easily in the game Red个冷酷的敌人。,意思是“容易的”。如: 说起来容易，做起来难。点也不在红色警戒游戏中，我能轻松干掉 4 【考点聚焦】其形容词形式是easySaying is easier than doing.短语巧记典句考点not at all【经典例句】I dont like him at all.元一京郁小自 【考点聚焦

15、】对中文，他一点都不感兴趣。v | Llj o) at all用于否定句中，表示“一点也不”。如:He is not interested in Chinese at all.2）at all用于肯定句中，表示“最少程度的”If you are at all worried,you needn如你感到有丝毫的担心，你就不需要做这件事be afraid to do不敢做【经典例句】I used to be afraid to 我过去晚上害怕一个人出去。【考点聚焦】固定搭配be afraid to do sth.如：t do it.go out alone at night.与 be afraid

16、 of doingsth.可以互相替换。如：He is afraid of falling off the tree.他害怕从树上掉下来。He is afraid of quarrelling with his father.他不敢同他的爸爸争吵。take notest 己笔 t 己【经典例句】 As a student,you shouldtake notes in class.作为一个学生，你应该上课记笔记。我的记忆卡记住与take 相关的词组take with 随身带take an active part in积极参力口take your time慢慢来take care of 照顾ta

17、ke place 发生take off 脱下take away 拿走 take to 带至Lbe angry with对某人生气【经典例句】 He is angry with everybody and at everything.他看任何人任何事都不顺眼。【考点聚焦】1 ) be angry with后面加入，be angry at 后面加事物。2)be angry 当中的be 动词也可以为get 或者become )意思是“变得对 某人或者某事生气”。如：When he heard the bad news,he became angry with me.当他听到这个坏消息时，他开始生我的

18、气。deal with 对付；处理deal with an armed burglar不但有“对付”的意思，还有“与某人有生意往来”【经典例句】How would you你怎样对付武装了的强盗？【考点聚焦】1 ) deal with 的意思。如：Do you deal with Smith?你跟史密斯有生意往来吗？2) deal 可以作为名词使用，意为“交易”。如：Well,you help learn English,and I help you learn Chinese.It s a deal.好，你帮我学英语，我帮你学汉语，就这么定了。句子,剖析,拓展Lin Chang said th

19、at joining the English club at school was the best way to improve English.林昌说，加入学校的英语俱乐部，是提高英语的最好方式。【剖析】1 )这是一个含有动名词的宾语从句，主句是 Lin Chang said ,从旬是 joining the English club at school was the best way toimprove English 。2 ) joining the English club at school是动名词短语作从句的主语。【拓展】还可以使用不定式作句子的主语。如：To walk in

20、the light rain is a romantic thing.在小雨中散步是一件浪漫的事情。First of all,it wasn t easy for me to understand the teacher when she talked to the class.开始的时候，当这个老师跟同学们讲话的时候，我理解起来有点困难。【剖析】1 )主句 it wasn t easy for me to understand the teacher 在这句子当中，it 作形式主语。真正的主语是不定式to understand theteacher 。2) when she talked t

21、o the class 是一个 when引导的时间状语从句。【拓展】有时也会遇至U It is+ adj .+of somebody to do something.这一句式。如：It is shy of you to say nothing.什么都不说，你真害羞。Then I started to write my own original sentences using the grammar that I am learning.然后，我开始用我所学的语法，来描绘我自己母语当中的句子。【剖析】1 )这是一个分词短语作状语，状语中含有定语从句的句子。2) 句子主干是 Then I star

22、ted to write my own original sentences using the grammar是现在分词短语作状语, the grammar that I amlearning 是一个定语从句，先行词是 the grammar 。【拓展】 过去分词也可以作状语。如：Seen from the top of the mountain,the city looks beautiful.从山顶上看，这个城市看上去很漂亮。语法剖析verb+by doing.掌握verb+by doing本单元这一最基本的句式结构，它表示 “通过方式,做事情”。如：How do you learn E

23、nglish?I learn it by reading aloud every day.你怎样学英语How do you go to school?I go你怎样上学？我乘车上学。How do you know so much?I你是怎样知道这么多的？我是上网知道的to school by taking the bus.know it by surfing Internet.读下面的小对话，用practice的适当形式填空。答案：practicing.by后加名词，意为“通过，用”对采取的手段、方式等作出说明。如：We want to settle thisby direct negotia

24、tion with them.我们想通过和他们直接谈判解决这个问题。We have to express our thoughtby们的思想。The money will be checkedby check.Time devours all things.时间吞噬万物。.by后加数字、百分数表示增减的程度。 如：The number increased by 200 every month.速度增加。action.我们要用行为表达我这笔钱将用支票支付。数字以每月200的Production fell by 30%.产量减低了 30% 。典题精讲例 1（2010 北京海淀）I study fo

25、r a test workingwithA.in B.by C.at D.to思路解析：本题考查介词区别。四个选项都有介词的词性，但只有 by途径”的介词，故应选Bo例 2 （2010 天津）The sports meet will continue it afternoon.a group.是表示方式,rains thisA.if B.since 思路解析：A项if意为C.as soon as D.unless“是否”之意,如果”，引导一个条件状语从句，它也可作 引导一个宾语从句。B项意为“自从”，引导一个时间状语从句，也可表 “因为”之 意，引导一个原因状语从句。C项意为“一就”，引导一个

26、时间状语从句；D项 意为“除非，如果不，引导一个条件状语从句。只有D项符合句意“运动会将继续， 除非今天下午下雨”。例 3 （2010 陕西模拟）There are many ways to make a living.EdisonGreen does it by newspaper.A.sell B.to sellC.selling D.sale思路解析：by后面加动词ing 形式，意思是“通过”。句子的意思是“有很多种 方式可以谋生，爱迪生格林的谋生手段是卖报纸”。例 4Listen! She is practicing bananas. A.cut upB.cutting up C.cu

27、ting up D.to cut up思路解析：practice后加动词的-ing 形式，cut力口-ing时要双写t。答案：B黑色陷井：本题有两处陷阱：一是知道practice 后用doing,但句中的 practicing容易迷惑学生，认为前面有ing形式了，后面就忽略了； 二是cut加-ing应该双写t,即cutting 。绿色通道：像practice 一样，后面加动词-ing 形式的单词、词组还有 enjoy,finish,mind,have fun以一个元音字母加辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节单词加-ing 时，应该双写末尾的辅音字母。如： stopping,swimming,gettin

28、g,digging。例 5 I have learned about that.A .a lotB.a lot of C.lots ofD.a lots of思路解析：四个选项中只有a lot有副词词性可以修饰动词learn 。D项是错误的表述，B、C两项只修饰名词。答案：A绿色通道：表示“多少”，修饰动词时，除了 a lot 外还有much,little,a little 。 如：I know much about it.对那件事情，我知道很多。（此时much, 可以换为 a lot ）如：She usually thinks little for others.她常常几乎不为别人着想。例

29、6 Time by.He became old and helpless.A.go B.goes C.went D.gone思路解析：由后面的动词became 可以推断，本题是过去时态，D项是过去分词 句子的意思是“随着时间的流逝，他变得又老又无助。答案：C例 7 His brother the Communist Party when he was twenty.C.joined in D.joined to后面加活动，join后加由人组成的团体、意思是“共产党”，表示“组织”。答案：AA.joinedB.took part in思路解析：join in=take part in 组织。因为

30、 Communist Party 原创题阅读下面五小段短文，找出能代表本段主题的最佳选项met with you for the next time on a bus on my wayto my office.But you didn t see me (perhaps you didn tknow me at all).At the cinema you got off and I followed you until you went in a clothing shop.I asked one of your workmates and knew you worked here.Tha

31、t morning I was late but I was quite happy.2.I think you shouldn t worry at all.Maybe she s just asshy as you.What about giving her some flowers or just a short message?Say something like this:T d really like to knowyou but I don t know how. She ll probably be excited to know she s got a fan!3.When

32、I was watching TV,I knew most people in a small country were short of food and some of them died of hunger.I came to the country and told the officials(官员)about it.Ofcourse they were very happy and took me to the poorest place.to the houses of4.I was a newspaper boy when I was fourteen years old.I u

33、sually got up early and sent newspapers the people in all kinds of weather.I had more and more customers because of my hard work.Sometimes I got tips from them!pay!A.Talking about oneB.Helping others,helpC.Talking about one5.I m forty nine.I once worked in a middle school,but I thought I was badly p

34、aid and found work in an office when I was forty three.I worked hard,but I was still got a lowers falling in love ng yourselvess problemsD.Working but feeling happyE.Giving suggestions参考答案：1.A 2.E3.B4.D5.C思路解析：1.结合常识，根据叙述的语气及“That morning I was late butI was quite happy.”可知，A是本段落的主题句。.从 “What about

35、giving her some flowers or just a shortmessage?Say something like this: 及 “She ll probably beexcited to know she s got a fan! ”可知，本段是给陷入恋爱困境的人提建议，所以选 E(Giving suggestions)。.救助贫困中的人们，我从中得到了快乐，所以 B(Helping others,helping yourselves )是本段落的主题句。.从 “I usually got up early and.in all kinds of weather. ” 及a

36、because of my hard work.可知“我”工作非常勤奋，I hadmore and more customers” 和 a Sometimes I got tips fromthem! ”表明“我”工作着并快乐着！所以 D(Working but feeling happy ) 是本段落的主题句。5.I m forty-nine.butI thought I was badly paid and found work in an office when I was forty-three.I worked hard,butI was still got a lower pay!

37、表明“我”对工作及薪水非常不满，为此 “我” 很苦恼，所以 C(Talking about one s problems )是本段落的主题句。绿色通道：如何寻找主题句、把握文章或段落主旨是重要的阅读能力之一。主题句在 文章中的位置要视文章的结构、题材及体裁而定，但有时也不明显，需要对文章或段 落进行分析、加工、概括、提炼。如本题中的几个段落都需要读者一定的归纳、概括 能力。巧学法园地需要用定冠词的名词歌诀：独一无二最高级，山河海岛奏乐器。 阶级党派上报纸，国家组织上杂志。 已说过的人或事，同一东西大家知。姓氏前是“一家子”，序数前表“第几九年级上册单词巧记十句型语法剖析Unit 10 By t

38、he time I got outside the bus had already left单词巧记典句考点rush rAj v.奔；便仓促行动【巧记提示】rush( 奔)rubbish(垃圾)【经典例句】The children rushed out of the school gate after school.放学后，孩子们争先恐后得跑出学校大门。我的记忆卡rush away (off/out) to do sth. 冲出去做某事rush sth.through匆忙处理rush sb.使某人仓促行动【活学活用】1.找出左边词组的释义1 ) rush sth.through crowded

39、a.busy hours,usuallyrush sb.rush hours答案：1) b 2) cluck 1。小;v.曲i,锁：锁上【巧记提示】lock(【经典例句】Lock3) put sth.under lock and key意为“妥善保管某物如:b.handle sth.quicklyc.make sb.hurry to do sth.3) a锁)clock ( 闹钟)the stable door after the horse has been stolen. 亡羊补牢。【考点聚焦】1)词组lock sb.in (out )意思是“把某人锁在里面(外面) 如：After the

40、 quarrel,she locked herself in the room and her husband out.争吵后，她把自己锁在房间里，把她丈夫锁在外面。2) keep sth.locked意思是“使某物一直锁着。如:You must keep the box locked.你必须让这个箱子一直是锁着的。You must put this document under luck and key.你必须妥善保管这份文件。fool 机4M.愚弄；欺骗【巧记提示】fool（愚弄）tool（工具）【经典例句】 If you go onfooling with that gun,there

41、will bean accident.如果你继续玩弄那枪，就会发生意外。【考点聚焦】1 ） fool可以作动词使用。如：He fooled her out her money.他骗走了 她的钱。fool作名词时，是“愚人、呆子”的意思。如：make a fool of sb.愚弄某人，an April fool一个愚人节被愚弄的人3）其形容词形式是foolish ,意思是“愚蠢的”。如：How foolish of you to do that.做那件事情你真傻。【活学活用】2.用fool的适当形式填空Everyone is not .So don t try to anyone.答案：foo

42、lish,fooldescribe dl skralb v,描述【巧记提示】de （down ） +scribe （写）【经典例句】 Words can not describe the beauty of the scene.这美景无法用语言描述。【考点聚焦】固定搭配：describe sth.for（to） sb.将某事描述给某人Can you describe it for me?你能把它描述给我听吗？describe as 说（某人或某物）有某种性质He described himself as a doctor.他称他 自 己是个医生。【活学活用】3.（2010 连云港模拟）The

43、US describes itself theSavior（ 救世主）.A.as B.for C.in D.with答案：AconviiKC -kOrfvlnb也 使相信【巧记提示】con （加强语气）+vince（克服；征服）【经典例句】I m convinced of his honesty.我深信他的诚实。【考点聚焦】1 ）掌握词组convince sb.of 使某人相信We couldn t convince him of his mistake.我们无法使他明白他的错误。2）其形容词形式是convincing ,意思是“令人信服的”。如：His words are convincin

44、g.他的话令人信服。marry mrrrl 上 结婚【巧记提示】marry （结婚）Mary （玛丽）【经典例句】 She dreamed tomarry off all her daughters.她梦想把她的女儿都嫁出去。【考点聚焦】1） “嫁给某人；娶了某人用marry sb.来表示，一定记住不需要 加to 。2）固定搭配get married 结婚；marry with跟某人结婚。tiirill Qrll：耻&也使非常激动；激动【巧记提示】thrill（激动）chill（打颤）【经典例句】The film thrilled the audience.电影给观众带来很大刺激。【考点聚焦】

45、1）形容词thrilling 意思是“刺激的”。如：There was a thrilling finish to the end.最后一段，非常紧张刺激。thrill也可用作名词，意为 “激动”。如：It gave her quite a thrill to shake hands with the princess.同公主握手使她倍感兴奋。【活学活用】4.用thrilled,thrilling填空I m at the news.答案：thrilled , thrillingendiimssir G/baQ8m令人为责的【巧记提示】embarrass （v.使为难）+-ing（形容词后缀）【

46、经典例句】 Lending money is an embarrassing problem.借给别人钱是个令人为难的问题。【考点聚焦】 记住 embarrassed 与 embarrassing 的区别： embarrassed形容人的感受，embarrassing修饰事情。如：His embarrassing words made everyone embarrassed.他那令人窘迫的话使每个人都感到窘迫。He stays embarrassed by lack of money.他因缺钱而窘迫。短语巧记典句考点go off（闹钟）响of【经典例句】He kept lying in be

47、d in spite of the going off the clock.尽管闹钟响了，他仍然躺在床上。【考点聚焦】记住go off的其他意思：1）表示“枪支走火”。如：这枪走火了。食物开始变质她昏倒晕迷过去。货物很快就卖完了。go off 的意思The gun went off by accident.2）表示“食物变质”。如： The food has started to go off.表示“晕迷”。如：She went off into a faint.4）表示“货物卖完”。如：The goods went off quickly.【活学活用】5.判断下列各句中Sorry,the c

48、lothes you want havegone offIn summer,meat is easy togo offListen! The clock isgoing off答案：1）卖完 2）变质 3）闹响break down损坏；坏掉【经典例句】 What was worse,my carbroke down .更糟糕的是，我的车抛锚了。【考点聚焦】掌握break down的其他含义和用法：1）表示“计划失败”。如：Our plan broke down.我们的计划失败了。2）表示“身体、精神衰弱”。如：His health broke down.他的身体衰弱了。3）表示“情绪失控”。如

49、：She broke down when she heard the bad news.她听了那个消息大哭起来。4）表示“机器坏掉，坏毛病”。如：There was a breakdown on the railway and the trains were delayed.铁轨出了毛病，火车延误了。【活学活用】6.（2010宁夏模拟）His health .A.turned downB.broke downC.fell downD.came down答案：B set off 激起；引起【经典例句】 Panic set off across the whole country.整个国家陷入恐慌

50、中。【考点聚焦】词组set off 还有“出发”之意。如：They set off on a rainy night.在一个下着雨的晚上，他们出发了。show up 出席；露面【经典例句】She never show up at balls.她从不在舞会上露面。【考点聚焦】请注意show 作动词，意为“出示”时的使用。如：Please show me your tickets.请把你 的票给我看看。句子,剖析,拓展In 1938,a radio program by actor Orson Welles announced that aliens from marts had landed o

51、n the Earth.1938 年，演员奥森书尔斯主持的一个收音机节目宣称，来自火星的外星人已经在 地球上登陆。【剖析】1 ）这是一个宾语从句，主句是 a radio program by actor Orson Welles announced 。从旬是 that aliens from marts had landedon the Earth.2）介词短语by actor Orson Welles 作定语，限定前面的a radio program c He described where they had landed and told how they were moving acro

52、ss the United States.他描述了外星人登陆的地方，并告诉人们，外星人将在美国如何移动。【剖析】1）这是一个含有两个宾语从句的句子，两个宾语从句的主句的主语都是He c2）第一个宾语从句的主句是He described ,从旬是 where they hadlanded ;第二个宾语从句的主句是 He told, 从旬是how they were moving across the United States。语法剖析过去完成时态过去完成时态表示在过去某一时间以前已经发生了的动作，即发生在“过去的过去”。 构成过去完成时由“助动词had（通用于各种人称和数）+过去分词构成。用法

53、过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。主要表示过去某时前已发生的动作或情况（也可说是“过去的过去”）。与by、before 等构成的短语连用。陈述旬主语+助动词had （通用于各种人称和数）+过去分词They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel.在他们到达旅馆之前，他们已经吃早饭了。从旬中arrived at 到达在“过去”的时间，而had already had吃早饭的动作发生在到达之前，因此主句的时态为“过去的过去”。如：I had finished writing my compos

54、ition by 10:00 this morning.今天上午10 : 00点以前，我已经写完了我的作文。She had searched the Internet for two hours when shefound an ad for the Canon digital camera.当她找到了佳能数码照相机的广告时，她已经在因特网上查询了两个小时。I went over what I had written again and again so thatI wouldn t make any mistakes.我一遍又一遍地检查了我所写的内容，以至我没有出现任何错误。 否定句主语+助

55、动词had （通用于各种人称和数）+not+过去分词He said that he had not seen such a beautiful bird before.他说他以前从来没有看过这样美丽的鸟 疑问句助动词had （通用于各种人称和数）+主语+过去分词？How many English flushed had you seen by the end of last term?到上学期期末为止，你们看了多少部英文片？Had you reached the station before ten o clock?到十点以前，你们已经到达火车站了吗？注：如果时间状语从句的动作发生在前，则从句

56、用过去完成时，主句用一般过去时。 如：When he had finished his work,he left his office.After I had done my homeworkwent to bed.巧学过去时 过去完成时态不算难 形式要向完成时态看Have 变成had 不怠慢断定过去之前是关键典题精讲（2010 陕西）Dolphins are not fish.They are mammals（哺孚L动物）.They live in groups and speak to each other in their own language.But they are quite

57、different from almost all land animals.Their brain（大月齿）is as big as men s and theylive a long lifeat least 20 or 30 years.Like some animals,dolphinsuse sounds to help them findtheir way around.They also use these sounds to talk to each other and to help them find food.They do not use their ears to r

58、eceive sounds,but use the jawthe lower part of themouth.It is strange that dolphins are friendly to men,and for thousands of years,there are many stories aboutdolphinsand men.In the 19th century,in a dangerous part of the sea near New Zealand,there was a dolphin.The seamen liked him very much and ga

59、ve him a very good name Jack.From 1871 to 1903,Jack met every boat in the area and showed it the way.In 1903 a passenger on a boat with the name Penguin shot and hurt Jack.Luckily the dolphin didn t die,and after a long time he was well again.He guided the ships through the area for nine more years,

60、but he refused to help the boat The Penguin.Today,some people still kill dolphins,but many countriesin the world now protect them.In these places, people are not allowed to kill them.例 1 The word “jaw ” in the second paragraph means in Chinese.A.下颗 B.嘴巴 C.嘴唇 D.鼻子思路解析：本题是词义推测题。根据文中对jaw 的解释the lower p