语法知识小题及答案

1、专题一动词的时态语态和主谓一致2019 年题组1单句填空.2019 全国 I ,65In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements.2019 浙江 6 月,56When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody (have) to worry aboul fashion(时尚).2019 江苏,33They are trying to make sure that 5G

2、 terminals(install)by 2022 for the Beijing Winter Olympics. 2019 全国 II ,64Picking up her Lifetime Achievement award, proud Irene (declare) she had no plans.Irene said.52019 浙江 6 月,62One study in America found that students5 grades (improve) a little after the school introduced unifonns.2019 匕京,lOn t

3、he first day of my first grade.I (voice) my biggest concern to my mother, How will I make friends?.2019 江苏,29A few months after he had arrived in China, Mr. Smith(fall)in love with the people and culture there.2019 江苏,22The musician along with his band members(give)ten performances in the last three

4、 months.9420I9 全国IH,69On (he last day of our week-long stay, we (invite) to attend a private concert.10.2019 天津,8Amy, as well as her brothers, (give)a warm welcome when returning to the village last week.题组2单句改错.2OI9 全国 II 改错One was that. And the other is that I wanted to help people in need.2019 全国

5、HI改错Now my dream is to.Though it may appear simple, it required a lot of ideas and efforts.2018 年题组1 一般时2OI8 全国 I , 64While running regularly can t make you live forever, the review says it(be) more effective at lengthening life.2018 全国 H, 68JThe Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 20

6、05 when (he government (start) a soil-testing program. and 2011,fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.2018 全国IH, 69When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just. True to a gorilla s unaggressive nature, the huge animal (mean) me no real harm.2018 北京,1一Hi. Im Peter. Are you new here?

7、 I haven t seen you around.一Hello, Peter. I m Bob. I just (start) on Monday.2018 全国 II 改错I didn l realize how right my parents are until I entered high school.题组2进行时.2018 北京4Susan had quit her well|paid job and (work)as a volunteer in the neighborhood.2019 浙江 6 月,60When the children are walking or (

8、cycling) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can (easy) see them.2019 全国 I ,62It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been (poor) studied.2019 全国 II ,63Her years of hard work have (final) been acknowledged after a customer nominaied(提名)her to be

9、Cheshires Woman OfThe Year.2019 浙江 6 月,65School uniforms are (tradition) in Britain, but some schools are starting to get rid of them.6/2019 北京,10Studenls should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend, and its never too early to make necessary preparatio

10、ns fbr a healthy and (meaning) college experience.2019 全国 I ,68Scien(ists have responded by noting that hungry bears may be congregaling(聚 集)around human settlements, leading to the illusion (错觉)that populations arc (high) than they actually are.2019 全国lH,6lOn our way to the house, it was raining ha

11、rd that we couldnt help wondering how long it would take to get there.题组2单句改错.2019 全国 I 改错【stopped ihe ball and kicked it hardly back to the playground. .2019 全国 II 改错First, I wanted to be a fireman, whose uniform looked so coolly. .2019 全国HI改错What I want is not just an ordinarily cafe but a very sp

12、ecial one. .2019 全国 II 改错Then, when I was in the fifth grade, I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my English teacher too much. 2018 年题组1形容词的基本用法.(2018 全国 I , 69Running is cheap, easy and its always (energy). 2018 全国 I，67 According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 3() percent of total

13、 (globe) fertilizer consumption.2018 浙江 6 月，62Thc obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be (afford) but doing this most days adds up. 2018 全国 I 改错I felt happily that their life had improved.题组2副词的基本用法2018 全国 II 63 A taste for meat is (actual) behind the change: An important part

14、of its com is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle.2018 全国 I 改错Last winter when I went here again, they had a big separate house.2018 全国HI改错Immediate, I raised my hand.题组3形容词和副词的比拟等级1. 12018 全国 I , 61 According to a review of evidence in a medical journal runners live three years (long) than non-

15、runners.2J2018 全国IH, 63He screams the (loud) of all.102018 浙江6 月，63 There could be an even （high） cost on your health.2018 全国 III改错I was afraid to speak in front of a larger group of people.2017 年题组11.2017 乙卷（全国 I） However, be 69 （care） not to go to extremes.2.2017 甲卷（全国 H） The Central London Railwa

16、y was one of the most 70 （success） of these new lines, and was opened in EST3 1900.3.2017 江苏 Only five years after Steve Jobs* death. smart|phones defeated （convention） PCs in sales.4.2017 江苏 The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents. But （alternate） explanat

17、ions arc hard to find.5.2017 浙江 But something made her look closer, and she noticed a 57 （shine） object.6.2017 乙卷（全国 I） It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle of the road.7.2017 甲卷（全国 H） In iheir spare lime, they are interesting in planting vegetables in their garden, which

18、 is on the rooftop of their house.8.2017 丙卷（全国 111） I enjoyed studying different kinds of cars and planes, playing pop music, and collecting the late music albums.9. 2017 丙卷 （全国 III） 1 enjoyed studying difference kinds of cars and planes, playing pop music, and collecting the latest music albums.题组2

19、10.2017 丙卷（全国 III） Il is 50（certain） fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don t want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can t model any more.11.2017 甲卷（全国 H） .it must have been 66 （fair） unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise.12.2017 乙卷（全国 I） A few minutes late,

20、the instructor asked me to stop the car.13.2017 甲卷（全国 n） They often get up earlier and water the vegetables together.14.2017 甲卷（全国 n） Beside, they often get some useful information from the Internet.题组3全国I, 6615.2017 乙卷（全国 I） Even 66（bad）, the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.16.2017 浙江 S

21、ixteen years 60 （early）. Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring 61. to cook a meal.专题八特殊句式2019 年题组单句改错1.2019 全国 II 改错They were two reasons for （he decision. 2018 年题组2强调l.2018 天津，14It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house we saw Lily in the passenger seat.11题组3其他句式2018 北京，8 In any unsa

22、fe situation, simply (press) the button and a highly trained agent will get you the help you need.2017 年题组21.2017 天津 It was when I got back to my apartment I first came across my new neighbors.题组32.2017 乙卷(全国 I)The instructor kept repeating the words, Speed up! Slow down! Turning left! 专题九定语从句,2019

23、年题组1单句填空1.2019匕京,9 The students benefitting most from college are those are totally engaged(参与) in academic life, taking full advantage of the colleges chances and resources(资源).2/2019 全国 II ,62Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am to 5 pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, she opened with her late

24、husband Les. 2019 浙江 6 月,58 On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth gives off light in the dark.2019 江苏,21We have entered into an age dreams have the best chance of coming true.2019 天津,llTheir child is at (he stage she can say individual words but not full sentences.题组2单句改错.2019 全国UI改错I

25、n the cafe, customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment what is created for (hem. .2019 全国 I 改错One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground.2018 年题组1关系代词引导的定语从句2018 全国 I , 66 Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014

26、 showed a mere five to ten minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes.2018 全国 II, 69 The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 when the government started a soil-testing program gives specific fertilizer recommendations (o fanners -

27、and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.2018 北京,5She and her family bicycle to work, helps them keep fit.2018 浙江 6 月，57 Many westerners come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out.(2018 天津，2Kate, sister I shared a room with w

28、hen wc were at college, has gone to work in Australia.题组2关系副词引导的定语从句2018 江苏，23 Self-driving is an area China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.2018 全国 I 3(Ih They also had a small pond which they raised fish.122017 年题组11.2017 乙卷（全国 I ）Like anything, it is possible to have too m

29、uch of both,70 is not good for the health.2.2017 丙卷（全国 III） But Sarah,44 has taken part in shows along with top models, wants toprove that she has brains as well as beauty.3.2017 江苏 In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.4.2017 北京 The littl

30、e problems we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.5.2017 天津 My eldest son, work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment.6.2017 甲卷（全国 II） In their spare time, they are interested in planting vegetables in their garden, that is on the rooftop of their ho

31、use.7.2017 丙卷（全国 HI ）Around me in （he picture are the things （hey were very important in my life a（ （hat time: car magazines and musical instruments.题组28.2017 浙江 Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got swept into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden.64 it remaine

32、d until the carrot s leafy topaccidentally sprouted （生长）through it.专题十名词性从句2019 年题组单句填空1.12019 江苏,251Scientists have obtained more evidence plastic is finding its way into the humanbody.2.2019 匕京,8Does the name of the college you attend really matter? . What students do at collegeseems to matter muc

33、h more than they go.2018 年题组1宾语从句.2018 全国IB, not sure is more frightened, me or the female gorilla（大猩猩）that suddenly appears out of nowhere.2018 天津，9The gold medal will be awarded to wins the first place in the bicycle race.题组3表语从句.2018 江苏，21 By boat is the only way to get here, which is we arrived.

34、2018 北京，1 llWithout his support, we wouldnt be we are now.3.12018 北京,15JThis is my father has taught me -to always face difficulties and hope for the best.2017 年13题组I宾语从句2017 *J匕京Jane moved aimlessly down the tree lined street, not knowing she was heading.2017 江苏We choose this hotel because the pric

35、e for a night here is down to $ 20half ofit used to charge.2017 天津She asked me I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn t.题组2主语从句1. 2017 ,北京Every year. makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival. 专题十一并列连词和状语从句2019 年题组单句改错.2019 全国 I 改错Suddenly a foo

36、tball fell just in front of me but almost hit me. .2019 全国 II 改错When 1 studied chemistry in high school, I reconsidered my goal or decided to be a doctor.2018 年题组1并列连词. 12018 全国 I 改错 At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return every two years, but he agreed.（2018 全国HI改错Everyone

37、 was silent, waiting to see who would be called upon to read his and her paragraph aloud.题组2时间状语从句2018 全国 II 改错The games niy parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.题组3条件状语从句.2018 江苏，29 you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay

38、motivated after one or two nights.2018 北京，2 we dont stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone.题组5其他状语从句I.2018 天津，4Leis no（ pick these peaches until this weekend that they get sweet enough to be eaten.2017 年题组1并列连词2017 北京Peter, please send us postcards we 11 know where yo

39、u have visited.No problem.2017 乙卷（全国 I ）改错Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor* s orders, so once I started the car, my mind went blank.2017 丙卷（全国UI）改错I have grown not only physically, and also mentally in the past few years.14题组2时间状语从句I. 2017 *北京If you don t understan

40、d something, you may research, study, and talk to other people you figure it out.题组4让步状语从句1. 2017 北京 birds use their feathers for flight, some of their feathers are for other purposes.题组5其他状语从句1. 2017 浙江Pahlsson screamed loudly that her daughter came running from the house.2. 2017 江苏Located the Belt

41、 meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction.专题十二情态动词和虚拟语气2019 年题组单句填空.2019 江苏,31What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we(have)a good time together.2019 天津,14Thc workers were not better organized, otherwise they (accomplish) the task in half (he time.2018 年题组

42、1情态动词的基本用法.2018 北京，12In todays information age, the loss of data cause serious problems for a company.(2018 江苏，24Ils strange that he have taken the books without the owners permission.2018 全国 II 改错As a kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I. my parents would not to let me.题组2

43、情态动词+have done的用法I.2018 天津，IOI cant find my purse. I (leave) it in the supermarket yesterday, but I m not sure.题组3虚拟语气I .2018 北京，13They might have found a better hotel if they (drive) a few more kilometers. 2.(2018 江苏，27There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I (have) a second chance

44、to become more involved.3.2018 天津,15If we (catch) the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now.2017 年题组1情态动词的基本用法1512017 北京Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, easily reach the books on the top shelf.2017 ,天津My room is a mess, but I clean it before I go out tonight. I can

45、 do it in themorning.题组3虚拟语气2017 天津Do you have Betty? s phone number?Yes. Otherwise, 1(be) able to reach her yesterday.2017 7匕京If the new safely system (put) to use, the accident would never have happened.16专题一动词的时态语态和主谓一致2019 年题组1单句填空.have reported 句中的时间状语In recent years多与现在完成时连用，主语some Inuit peopl

46、e为复 数意义，因此本空填have reportedo.has/will have此处用一般现在时描述一般情况，主语是nobody,所以谓语动词用has。也可理解为 When引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时表示将来，主句用一般将来时，故可填will have。.will have been installed 根据后面的时间状语by 2022可知,空处应用将来完成时。动词install和 5G terminals之间是被动关系，故空处应用将来完成时的被动语态。.declared根据said”可知，此处陈述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时一，故填declared。mproved分析句子结构可知,fou

47、nd后是that引导的宾语从句，且从句中缺少谓语动词，同时，根据 主句谓语动词found和宾语从句中的after the school introduced可知,此处应用一般过去时，故填 improved a.voiced根据时间状语On (he first day of my first grade可知,此处表达的是一年级第一天发生的 事，所以应该用一般过去时。.fell句意:史密斯先生到中国几个月后，爱上了那里的人和文化。这里描述过去发生的事情，应用 一般过去时。注意fall为不规那么变化动词，过去式为felU.has given句意:这位音乐家和他的乐队成员在过去的三个月里进行了 10场

48、表演。根据时间状语 in the last three months可知，句子应用现在完成时;along w汕连接两个名词作主语时，谓语动词应与 along with前的名词在人称和数上保持-致，故填has giveno.were invited分析句子结构可知,invite与主语we为动宾关系，且根据时间状语On (he last day of our week-long stay可知，此处是在表达过去的情况，故用一般过去时的被动陪态。主语为we,故填 were invited.was given句意:上周埃米和她的兄弟们回到村庄时受到(热烈的欢迎。根据时间状语last week 可知，应用

49、一般过去时;此处表示“受到了热烈的欢迎”，应用被动语态;as well as连接两个并列成分作 主语时，谓语动词应与as well as前的成分在人称和数上保持一致，故此处应用单数形式。题组2单句改错Lis-was根据前文中的One was that可知，时态应为般过去时，故将is改为was。.required-*requires由Now my dream is to可知，此处描述的是一般事实,应用一般现在 时,required存在错误,主语是it,故谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。2018 年题组1一般时Lis根据语境可知，此处表达的是客观情况，且宾语从句与主句的时态应保持致，因此用般 现在时

50、；宾语从句中的主语为il,故填is。Zstarted分析句子结构可知，空处在定语从句中作谓语，根据关系副词when所指代的主句的时间 状语2005可知，此处表示过去的动作，应用一般过去时，故填started。.meant空处所在句句意:这头庞然大物对我没有真正的恶意,这与大猩猩没有攻击性的天性相符。 根据前一句的“frightcned“was”可知，此处表达的是过去的事情，故应用一般过去时。.slarled句意：一一嗨，我是彼得。你是新来的吗?我没在附近见过你。一一你好，彼得。我是鲍 勃。我星期一才开始在这里。根据语境及时间状语0nMonday可知，此处用一般过去时，表示过17去某一特定的时间

51、发生的事。5.are-*were根据句中的didnLentered可知，此处表达的是过去的事情，因此realize后面的宾语从句也应用过去的时态，故将are改为were。题组2进行时Lwas working句意：苏珊辞去了她的高薪工作，去年我拜访她时，她正在社区做义工。根据语境 可知，此处表示过去的某个动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行或发生，所以用过去进行时。题组3完成时.has grown由句中的时间状语Since 2011可知，此空应用现在完成时。.have grown句意：在过去的几年中，中国的高速铁路已经从9 000千米增加到25 000千米。根 据句中的时间状语in the past

52、few years可.知，此处应用现在完成时。.begin-*begun根据语境可知，此处为过去完成时，故应将begin改为begun题组5将来时.will have developed 2025年，我们有望不再互相发电子邮件，因为到那时我们将已经开发 更加便利的电子通讯工具。根据句中的时间状语2025与by then可知，空处应用将来完成时。题组6被动语态I.had been trapped句意：一名救援人员冒着生命危险救出了两名被困在山里两天的游客。分析句 子结构可知，空处在定语从句中作谓语，且trap与先行词tourists之间为动宾关系，此处应用被动 语态；乂因为此处表示在过去动作ri

53、sked his life之前完成的动作，即“过去的过去，所以用过去 完成时的被动语态。.is being repaired句意：这个星期我的洗衣机在维修，因此我不得不用手洗衣服了。语境表示现 阶段正在进行的动作，而且washing machine与repair为动宾关系，故此处应用现在进行时的被动 语态。.was shocked根据语境可知，此处表示“我很震惊、shock与主语I为被动关系，同时根据后面的 learnt可知，时态为一般过去时，所以填was shockedo.had been carried本句中主句的时态是一般过去时，因此从句中应该使用过去的某种时态；根据 句中的时间状语in

54、 the past two years可知，应使用完成时态；又因plan与carry out为动宾关系， 故应用被动语态。因此空处应用过去完成时的被动语态。题组7主谓一致I.includeincludes该句为一般现在时，且此处主语为that,故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。2017 年题组1 一般时Lis考杳时态和主谓一致。此处是对客观情况的描述，应用一般现在时；分析句子结构可知，该 句缺少谓语动词，又因主语为Fast food,故填is。.rnanaged考查动词时态。因为engineers与manage之间为主动关系，而且是发生在过去的事情， 所以填managedo es考查动词时态。全文

55、均为现在时，且school是第三人称单数，故填comes。【易错点拨】动词如果使用一般现在时.，要注意主语是不是第三人称单数。此题容易误填come。18.searched考查动词的时态。根据本段的基本时态为一般过去时及语境可知，此处应用一般过去 时表示发生在过去的动作，故填searched。.have句意：人们比以前更容易得到医疗保障，因此现在人们的寿命更长。根据句意以及句中 的关键信息than they used to可知，此处表示现在与过去的比照，所以空处用一般现在时。.gocs-*wcnt考查时态。本文讲述作者18岁生口后的那个暑假发生的事情，且通篇以过去时为 主。此处应用一般过去时，故

56、把goes改为wento.came -comes考查动词时态。因为主句局部为一般将来时态，所以此处的时间状语从句应使 用一般现在时表将来意义。.become-* became考查动词时态。“我”进入高中第二学年并成为学校音乐俱乐部的新成员这一 系列动作发生在过去，所以谓语动词应用became。题组2进行时l.was driving句意：我正开车去伦敦，这时突然发现自己走错了路。这里使用了固定句式be doing sth. when.,表示正在做某事时突然”，此时主句用过去进行时，when后面的句子用一般过去时，因此填was driving。题组3完成时.had-have考查时态。由时间状语in

57、 the past few years可知，此处强调的是发生在过去的动作 对现在的影响，故应用现在完成时。题组6被动语态I .are removed考查时态和语态。木文的主体时态为一般现在时，此处亦应用一般现在时；乂 fat and salt是动词remove的承受者，应用被动语态。所以此处填are removed。.were used考杳动词时态和语态。因为是介绍1863年的事情，而且Steam engines与use之间为 被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were used。.has been told/was told考查动词时态和语态。此处动词tell与Sarah是被动关系，因

58、为第二段在 讲述父亲和Sarah的想法时都是用现在时，因此可以用现在完成时表达过去对现在的影响，故可 以填has beend。此外，被告知这件事情发生在过去，故也可填was told。.hadnt been invented句意：20世纪50年代，在美国大多数家庭家里只有一个 ，那时无线 还没有被创造。根据句意以及句中的关键词In the 1950s和yet可知，空处用过去完成时；且 wireless phones是动词invent发出的动作的承受者，所以使用过去完成时的被动语态。.was being followed句意:他匆匆回家，一次也没有回头看看是否正被跟踪。根据hurried及句 意

59、判断此题应该使用过去进行时的被动语态。【易错点拨】此题易误填had been followed,错误的原因是没有弄清楚动作的先后顺序。had been followed是过去完成时的被动语态，但语境说明，跟踪的动作并非早于主句的动作发生，因此不 能填 had been followed。.is regarded句意：如今，与慢跑和游泳样，骑自行车被看作种最好的全能运动形式。本句 谓语与主语之间是被动关系，表示“被看作”，应该用被动语态；句子主语局部是AalongwiihB结 构，因此谓语应在人称和数上与A保持一致，即用单数形式。7.took-*taken考查语态。photo与take为被动关系

60、，故应用被动语态。take的过去分词是laken,题组7主调一致1 .was分析句子结构可知，which指代 Great Expectations这本书，故定语从句中的谓语动词19 when I visited her last year.题组3完成时. 2018 全国 II, 61Since 2011, the country(grow) more com than rice.(2018 北京，7Chinas high-speed railways (grow)from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years.2018 全国III改错