(贵阳专版)2019中考英语复习第3部分中考题型攻略篇题型5阅读理解(精讲)检测1196

1、(贵阳专版)2019中考英语复习第3部分中考题型攻略篇题型5阅读理解(精讲)检测1196(贵阳专版)2019中考英语复习第3部分中考题型攻略篇题型5阅读理解(精讲)检测11968/8(贵阳专版)2019中考英语复习第3部分中考题型攻略篇题型5阅读理解(精讲)检测1196题型五阅读理解贵阳五年中考命题规律及趋势阅读技术是学生综合语言应用能力的一个重要方面，也是初中英语学业考试的重点。贵阳市中考阅读理解部分的详尽题型及赋分如下：题号题型内容题数小题分值赋分分值小计A.选择填空型阅读。(要求学生阅读两10220篇材料，根据其内容选择最正确答案。)V阅读理解B.句子还原型阅读。(要求学生根据短30文内

2、容，从方框中选择五个选项分别5210填入空白处，使其文理通顺。)A部分(A)篇文体多为说明文，2015年首次出现了诗歌，话题主若是关于动物介绍、中国四大文明、环境保护、回忆学校生活、外国民俗等。词数一般在220词左右。形式可为短文、表格、叙事诗等。考察方式上主要有：细节理解题、主旨马虎题、词义猜测题、推理判断题。设题形式以探究型选择为主。部分(B)篇主要为说明文或记述文，话题主要为文化、生活、环境类说明文，也有励志故事类记述文，考察方式上多为推理判断题，偶尔考察细节理解题、主旨马虎题或词义猜测题，设题形式也是探究型选择。部分主要为记述文，但也可能是说明文或应用文，话题多涉及科技类、励志故事、人

3、物经历及感觉、跨文化介绍等。词数在270300词，考察方式为句子还原，多为六个句子，其中有5个句子要还原在短文中。解题方法与技巧A选择填空型阅读选择填空型阅读中的篇章平时素材、题材广泛，体裁多样。中考英语阅读理解着重考察经过阅读，正确理解各种题材和体裁的书面材料以及从中获取信息、理解信息和二次加工信息的能力。常有阅读理解的考察方式有以下几种形式：细节理解题、推理判断题、词义猜测题、主旨马虎题、标题概括题与数字计算题。详尽的解题方法与技巧如下：1阅读原文，理解马虎首先读原文，捕捉文中所提供的信息，抓住文章马虎，理清文章脉络。2审读题目，正确判断读懂短文内容后再审读题目，把握每个待判断问题的含义，

4、经过寻读法在原文中找出与每个问题相关的重点词，然后寻找该重点词在文章中所在的句子及段落，依据短文内容对试题所给出的问题进行判断，进而得出正确答案。3重读原文，复核检查完成各小题后必须将短文重读一遍，加深对短文的理解，在此基础上再对每一道题进行复查，对有些似是而非的句子，一定要重新认真鉴别。B句子还原型阅读(六选五)还原型阅读主要考察学生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。选项可分为：主旨概括句(文章整体内容)、过渡性句子(文章结构)、说明性句子(上下文逻辑意义)。其多余的一个搅乱项也往往从这三方面进行设置，如主旨概括句或过于广泛或以偏概全或偏离主题，过渡性句子不能反响文章的行

5、文结构，说明性句子与上文脱节等。详尽的解题方法与技巧如下：1通读全文。对文章进行迅速浏览，寻找主题句，抓住文章结构及文章的写作内容。在阅读过程中，要注意文章的开始与结束段落，尤其是文章的首段及末段末句，因为“斩钉截铁”与“结尾总结”的写作方式为常有的写作方式；首段的末句一般是全文的主题所在，如果它是文章的主题句，就可以使读者迅速明确文章情节将怎样展开，并对文章的写作主题有了整体的认识。如果末句不是主题句，则需要持续寻找。这时，可以考虑文章的写作方式是否为“结尾总结”式，如两者均可消除，则需在文章中其他段落寻找主题句，但要注意首段与末段的提示作用。2详读段落，在短时间内，找出每段写作内容的重点词

6、。明确各段的主题句或主旨马虎。文章正文部分平时分为若干小段落。各段落会根据整体文章写作主题展开，对文章主体进行的不同方面的描述。找出各个小段落中的重点词，明确其描述内容，为试题的解决做好铺垫。3定位选项。明确各备选选项的含义，抓住其重点词语，将选项填入文中。在定位选项时，要特别注意空格上下段的写作内容，以及空格上段尾句和下段首句的结构和意义。将所选选项放入空白处，看看是否与上下文组成语义及逻辑上的直接关系，是否吻合该处语境。能否承接前后的写作线索。4通读复检。将所选答案代入文中，再次通读全文，重点考察逻辑关系和关系结构。在完成选项定位后，应通读全文，检查文章内容是否完整，语义是否连结合理、各段

7、落内容是否紧扣主题，语篇结构是否通顺连结、拥有一致性、吻合逻辑，写作思路是否清晰了然，格式以及用语是否适合贴切，进而判断选择的答案是否正确。5研究多余选项，确定消除原因，最终确定答案。(2018贵阳初中毕业生学业考试)A阅读下列材料，根据其内容选择最正确答案。AThereareabout10milliondifferentkindsofanimalsontheearthandtheycomeinallshapesandsizes.ThebooknamedVarietyintheAnimalKingdomsimplyintroducesthehugevarietyoftheanimalkingd

8、om.Itfeaturessomeofthemostunusualanimalsintheworldandincludeskeydataoneachspecies(物种)andtheirhabitsinthewild.SomeofthestrangestanimalsintheworldliveinAustraliaandNewZealand.Thereisthekakapoparrot.Itisabirdbutitcannotfly.Itisanocturnalanimal.Itsleepsinthedayandeatsatnight.Thereareonly131kakapoparrots

9、intheworld.Thekiwiisanotherbirdthatcannotfly.Somebirdsareverybeautiful，butthekiwiisnot.Itisoneoftheugliestbirdsintheworld.Butthekiwiisthemostromanticbirdintheworld.Maleandfemalekiwislivetogetherfor30years.Australiahasmanystrangeanimals.ThemostsurprisingAustraliananimalistheplatypus.Ithasthefaceandfe

10、etofabird，thebodyofaratandthetailofabeaver(河狸)Itisamammal(哺乳动物)butitlayseggs.ThesmallestmammalintheworldlivesinAsia.Itisthebumblebeebat.ItlivesinThailand.Itisonly2.5cmlonganditweighs3gThereareonly2，000bumblebeebatsleftinThailandbecausepeopleburntheforestwheretheylive.()1.ThebooknamedVarietyintheAnim

11、alKingdommainlytalksabout_AspecialanimalsintheworldBbirdsinNewZealandCanimalsinAustralia()2.Theunderlinedword“nocturnal”inParagraph2means“_”inChinese.A嗜睡的B夜行的C贪吃的()3._kindsofbirdsthatcannotflyarementionedinthepassage.ATwoBThreeCFour()4.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?AAplatypushastheb

12、odyofabeaver.BAkiwiisromanticthoughitisugly.CThenumberofkakapoparrotislargerthanthatofbumblebeebat.()5.Wecanmostprobablyreadthepassagefrom_AahistorybookBamedicalreportCasciencemagazine【主旨马虎】本文主要介绍了动物王国多样性这本书中四种不同种类的动物鸮鹦鹉、几维鸟、鸭嘴兽、大黄蜂蝠(猪鼻蝙蝠)。1A【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：动物王国多样性这本书主要议论_。A.世界上特其他动物；B.新西兰的鸟；C.澳大利亚的动

13、物。第一段最后一句“Itfeaturessomeofthemostunusualanimalsintheworld”中“unusual”一词和“special”为近义词，应选A。2B【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：第二段画线单词“nocturnal”的汉语意思是_。根据第二段倒数第二句“Itsleepsinthedayandeatsatnight.”，应选B。3A【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：文中提到了_种不会飞的鸟。A.二；B三；C.四。根据第二段的第三句“Itisabirdbutitcannotfly.”和第三段第一句“Thekiwiisanotherbirdthatcannotfly.”可

14、知有两种动物，应选A。4B【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据文章，下列哪项是正确的？A.鸭嘴兽有着仿佛河狸同样的身体；B.几维鸟只管很丑，但是很浪漫；C.鸮鹦鹉的数量比大黄蜂蝠的数量要多。根据第四段的第三句thebodyofarat可知A表述不符；根据第三段第三句和第四句oneoftheugliestbirdsthemostromanticbird可知B吻合文意；根据第二段最后一句only131kakapoparrots和最后一段最后一句only2，000bumblebeebats可知，鸮鹦鹉的数量比大黄蜂蝠的数量要少，应选B。5C【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：我们最有可能从_中读到该篇文章。

15、A.一本历史书；B.一份医学报告；C.一本科学杂志。本文主要介绍的是动物的体形特点和生活习性，应选C。B阅读短文，根据短文内容，从方框中选择五个选项分别填入空白处，使其文理通顺。TheInternetisshapingourlives.Wealreadyhaveonlineshoppingservicesandmobilepayment.However，thisisjustastart.Theworldsleadingtechcompaniesareplanningtobuildsmarteronlinecommunities.1._ItwasheldinWuzhen，Zhejianglast

16、year.Thedevelopmentofartificialintelligence(AI，人工智能)wasahottopicattheconference.Ifamachinecanlearnandsolveproblemsashumansdo，itcanbecalledAI.ThecompanyAlibabausesAItechnologyinitsunmannedsupermarketinWuzhen.Thereisnosalespersoninthesupermarket，justatabletonadeskthatsays“pleasesmile”.2._Thebiggeryous

17、mile，themorediscounts(折扣)youget.PaymentisdoneautomaticallythroughyourAlipayaccount.Whenyoufirstenterthesupermarket，thesupermarketsAIrecognizesyourfaceandyouraccount.ThereisalsoAIthatcanreadlips.3._Itrecognizesyourmouthsmovementsandturnsthemintovoiceortextmessages.Thiscouldbeveryusefulwhenyouaretryin

18、gtotalktosomeoneonyourphoneinanoisyplace.Policecouldalsousethetechnologytohelpthemfindcriminalsuspectsbylip-readingrecordingsfromvideocameras.4_MicrosoftschatbotXiaoIcecannotonlyprovideusefulinformation，butalsochatwithpeoplelikearealfriend.XiaoIcehasaWeChataccount.Afterfollowingtheaccount，userscanst

19、arttalkingwithher.5._Shekeepsimprovingherselfbytalkingwithusers.Thesetechnologiesarebeingputintowideruse.Wemayseeasmarterworldandbetterlivesinthenearfuture.ASheknowswhentocomfortyouortelljokes.BTheydiscussedthisattheWorldInternetConference.CAItechnologywilltakejobsawayfromhumansoneday.DSougoubrought

20、itslip-readingsystemtotheconference.EIfyousmile，itwillgiveyouaspecialdiscountforyourgoods.FAnothertypeofAIfocusesonunderstandinghumanemotions.【主旨马虎】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人工智能的用途。1B【解析】选项意为：他们在世界互联网大会上议论这个计划(成立更加智能的线上社区)。根据设空后一句“ItwasheldinWuzhen，Zhengjianglastyear.”中“held”一词可推断“It”指代是某会议，应选B。2E【解析】选项意为：如果你微笑，

21、它会为你的商品提供特其他优惠。设空处前后两句都在围绕“smile”一词进行表达，应选E。3D【解析】选项意为：搜狗把它的读唇系统带到了大会上。根据第三段议论的主要内容和设空后一句“Itrecognizesyourmouthsmovements”可推断这里“It”指代的是选项中的“lip-readingsystem”，应选D。4F【解析】选项意为：另一种人工智能关注理解人类的情感。根据文章总分总结构可知，中间三段为并列段，都在议论人工智能的用途，应选F。5A【解析】选项意为：她知道什么时候欣慰你，什么时候讲笑话。根据第四段设空前后句所用代词“her”和“She”可推断出答案，应选A。(2018贵

22、阳适应性考试)A阅读下列材料，根据其内容选择最正确答案。Somepeoplesaythatchildhoodisthebesttimeofyourlife.However，beingachildhasbothadvantagesanddisadvantages.Ontheplusside，youhaveveryfewresponsibilities.Forexample，youdonthavetogotowork，paybills，goshopping，cooking，orcleaning.Thismeansyouhaveplentyoffreetimetodowhateveryouwantw

23、atchTV，playonthecomputer，gooutwithfriends，playsports，orpursueotherhobbies.Ontopofthat，publictransport，cinemaandsportscenterscostmuchlessforchildren.Allinall，beingachildisanexciting，action-packedtimeinlife.However，foreveryplusthereisaminus.Foronething，youhavetospendallday，MondaytoFriday，atschool.Stud

24、yingusuallymeansyouhavetodohomework.Andyouhavetotakeexams.Whatsmore，youmayhavealotoffreetime，butyouarerarelyallowedtodowhateveryouwant.Youusuallyhavetoaskyourparentsifyoucandothings，fromgoingshoppingintowntostayingoutlateorgoingtoaparty.Lastofall，althoughthereareoftencheaperpricesforchildren，thingsa

25、restillexpensiveandparentsarenotalwaysgenerouswithpocketmoney.Theresneverenoughtodoeverythingyouwant.Therealityisthatsometimestheresnotenoughtodoanythingatall.Tosumup，althoughsomepeopleseechildhoodasthebesttimeinlife，Ithinkthatchildrenhavenorealchoice，independenceormoney.Nevertheless，itistruethatcho

26、ice，moneyandindependenceallbringresponsibilitiesandrestrictionswhichincreasewithage.(A)1.Somepeoplethinkchildrenneednt_AcleanorgotoworkBcookorwatchTVCgoshoppingorplaysports(C)2.Theunderlinedword“action-packed”inParagraph2means_inChinese.A令人沮丧的B令人敬重的C令人激动的(C)3.Accordingtothepassage，childrenhavestayou

27、tlate.AprotectionBmoneyCpermission(B)4.FromParagraph3，weknowthatchildren_AcandoeverythingtheywantBarehardlyallowedtodowhatevertheywantCcangetenoughpocketmoneyfromtheirparents(B)5.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?ASeeingisbelieving.BEverycoinhastwosides.CPracticemakesperfect.togettheirparents_iftheywan

28、ttoB阅读短文，根据短文内容，从方框中选择五个选项分别填入空白处，使其文理通顺。ItisacountryinnorthernEurope.ItisEuropesmostforestedcountry.Ithas37nationalparks.ItishometoSantaClausandthegameAngryBirds.1._B_Itattractsthousandsoftouristseveryyear.ItsFinland!AccordingtothisyearsUnitedNationsWorldHappinessReport，Finlandtopped156countriestog

29、etthetitleofworldshappiestcountry.2._A_Theyareincome，freedom，trust，healthylifeexpectancy，socialsupport，andgenerosityrespectively.WhatmadeFinlandstandout？Whyareits5.5millionpeoplesohappy?3_F_TheFinnishgovernmenthasworkedhardtoreachabalancebetweenmenandwomen，workersandbosses，andimmigrantsandlocals.Fin

30、landcutthesizeofitshomelesspopulationbetween2014and2016gradually.ThelifestylesoftherichandpoorinFinlandarenottoodifferent，TheEconomistnoted.4._E_Over80percentofFinnstrustthecountryspolice，educationandhealthcaresystems.Peoplethereliveinaharmoniousandsafeenvironment.TheFinnsalsohaveapositiveattitudeto

31、wardslife.Thereisawordthatdescribesthisattitude“sisu”5._D_ThishelpstheFinnsdealwithstressandkeepsthemenergetic，accordingtotheDailyMail.ATherankingconsiderssixkeyfactors.BItiscalledthe“LandofaThousandLakes”CFinlandistheeighth-largestcountryinEurope.DItmeanstheabilitytostaystrongduringdifficulttime.ET

32、ryingtomakeeveryoneequalencouragespeopletobuildtrust.FOnereasonisthecountryshistoryofequality，TheGuardianreported.2019备考猜押ATherewasayoungflowerinthedesertwhereallwasdryandsadlooking.Itwasgrowingbyitself，enjoyingeverydayandsayingtothesun，“WhenshallIgrowup？”Andthesunwouldsay，“Bepatient！EachtimeItouchy

33、ou，youwillgrowalittle.”Shewassopleasedbecauseshewouldhaveachancetobringbeautytothiscornerofsand.Andthisisallshewantedtodobringalittlebitofbeautytothisworld.Butonedayahuntercamebyandsteppedontheflower.Shewasgoingtodieandshefeltsosad.Notbecauseshewasdying，butbecauseshewouldneverhaveachancetobringalitt

34、lebitofbeautytothiscornerofthe“hell”TheGreatGodsawher，thinkingthatsheshouldbeliving.Sohereacheddownandtouchedherandgaveherasecondlife.Finallyshegrewuptobeabeautifulflower.Andthiscornerofthedesertalsobecamesobeautifulbecauseofthesmallflower.(A)1.Theyoungflowerlivedinthe_whereallwasdryandsadlooking.Ad

35、esertBgrasslandCsky(C)2.Ifthesuntouchestheflower，shewill_AbesadBdieCgrow(C)3._walkedbyandsteppedontheflower.ATheGreatGodBNooneCAhunter(B)4.Theunderlinedword“hell”means_inChinese.A地面B地狱C天堂(B)5.Thebesttitleofthepassageis_ASadandDryDesertBAKindandLovelyFlowerCTheHunterandtheGreatGodBBeijingOperaisthemo

36、strepresentativeofallChinesetraditionaldramaticartformsandthelargestChineseoperaform.Havingahistoryofabout200years，itisdevelopedfromabsorbing(吸收)manyotherdramaticforms，mostlyfromthelocaldramaHuiban，whichwaspopularinSouthChinaduringthe18thcentury.Itisascenicartintegratingmusic，performance，literature，

37、ariaandfacepainting.Theatrical(戏剧的)artformsinmanyothercountriesdonotpresentsinging，dancingandspokenpartsinonesingledrama.Anoperasinger，forexample，neitherdancesnorspeaksonstage；therearenodancingorsingingpartsinamodernplay；inadancedrama，thedancerhasnospeakingroleanddoesnotsingeither.TraditionalChinese

38、drama，includingBeijingOpera，isakindofentertainmentwhichincludesspokenparts，singing，dancingandacrobatics(杂技)InadditiontoitspresenceinChina，BeijingOperahasspreadtomanyotherplaces.MeiLanfang，oneofthemostfamousperformersofalltime，wasthefirsttointroduceBeijingOperatoforeignersandmadeithighlysuccessfultou

39、rstoforeigncountries.“Youwillbepuzzled(困惑)allthewaythroughandalittleboredfromtimetotime，butyouwillbecharmedandinterested.YouwillbestronglyattractedtoBeijingOperaevenifyouknownothingofthedramaticbackground.”ThisishowoneAmericantravellerdescribedhisfirstexperienceinwatchingBeijingOpera.BeijingOperaisC

40、hinasnationaloperaanditisfullofChineseculturaltraditions.WelcometoChinaandenjoyBeijingOpera!(C)1.WhatmakesBeijingOperadifferentfromtheatricalartformsinmanyothercountries?AIthasoneoperasingeronstage.BIthasonedancerwhohasnospeakingrole.CItincludesspokenparts，singing，dancingandacrobatics.(A)2.Peoplethi

41、nkMeiLanfangplayedanimportantroleinthespreadofBeijingOperabecause_AhewasthefirsttointroduceBeijingOperatoforeigners.BhemademanytourstoaforeigncountryChewasafamousBeijingOperaperformer(B)3.FromParagraph4wecanknowthattheAmericantraveller_AfeltboredallthedayBthoughthighlyofBeijingOperaCfoundBeijingOperainterestingatfirst(C)4.BeijingOperaisascenicartintegratingmusic，performanceliterature，ariaand_painting.AhandBbackCface(A)5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”meaninthepassage?ABeijingOpera.BLocaldrama.CAnoperasinger.CItwasthefirstda