2021-2022学年陕西省商洛市高二下学期期末教学质量检测英语试题（解析版）

1、商洛市20212022学年度第二学期期末教学质量检测高二英语试卷考生注意：1. 本试卷共150分。考试时间120分钟。2. 请将各题答案填写在答题卡上。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例： How much is the shirt?A. 19.15. B. 9.1

2、8. C. 9.15.答案是C。1. Where are the speakers?A. In a restaurant. B. In a shop. C. In a vegetable market.2. How does the man feel about his exam?A. Happy. B. Disappointed. C. Uncertain.3. How long does it take the man to go 10 work on foot?A. Three minutes. B. An hour. C. 45 minutes.4. What does the man

3、 suggest doing tonight?A. Having a big dinner. B. Seeing a movie. C. Playing tennis.5. Why does the mans suit look strange?A. The color is too dark.B. Hes wearing it in the office.C. The jacket and trousers dont match,第二节（共15小题；每小题 1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的

4、相应位置。听每段对话或独白前你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. What sport did the man do last week?A. Table tennis. B. Basketball, C. Swimming.7. When will the speakers go to the new sports center?A. Next Wednesday. B. Next Thursday. C. Next Friday.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8. What did the m

5、an ask the woman to do?A. To pass a message to Susan.B. To meet an old friend of hers.C. To book a hotel room for him.9. What is the relationship between the two speakers?A. Father and daughter. B. Husband and wife. C. Neighbors.10. What is Susan probably doing?A. Staying at a hotel.B. Talking with

6、someone on the phone.C. Chatting with her husband.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11. What do we know about the woman?A. She is placing an order.B. She is filling in a form.C. She is asking for some information.12. When will the magazines come out?A. In two months. B. In two weeks. C. In a week.13. Why does the ma

7、n recommend pre-ordering?A. It is cheaper.B. The product is better.C. Everything will be ready in advance.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14. What is the woman doing?A. Listening to music. B. Seeing a film. C. Writing a letter.15. How long will the woman stay in Japan?A. For a year. B. For a month. C. For two year

8、s.16. What will the woman do before she leaves for Japan?A. Read more Japanese novels. B. Attend a language class. C. Apply for a new program.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. When was the new law passed?A. Last month. B. Three months ago. C. Last year.18. What was the latest incident?A. A womans legs were brok

9、en.B. A dog was killed.C. A man suffered a head injury.19. What happens if youre caught using a cell phone while driving?A. You will go to prison. B. You could receive a warning. C. You will be ticketed.20. How will the police monitor drivers?A. By using road blocks.B. By standing at crossings.C. By

10、 collecting reports from other drivers.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题 2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AThe Innovation Cup 2022 The 2022 Innovation Cup in its 12th year brings together a promising new generation of academic talents from different fields including the companys senior mana

11、gement, researchers, and accomplished retirees. Its aimed at advancing science and technology.Whats in it for you?If youre a postgraduate student with interest in the pharmaceutical (制药的) and chemical industry, the Innovation Cup is your chance to gain in-depth knowledge about pharmaceutical and che

12、mical research and development. Also you can explore job opportunities at our company and visit the innovation summer camp near Frankfurt am Main, Germany. You can take your chance to win the Innovation Cup along with EUR 20,000 with your team. All travel, accommodation and food expenses will be pai

13、d by our company.Who can apply?We invite students advanced in life sciences, chemistry, physics, computer sciences and business administration from all over the world to apply for participation in the Innovation Cup. Up to 50 students will be selected.How does it work?During a one-week Summer Camp,

14、up to 50 selected postgraduate students will attend in-depth presentations on the pharmaceutical and chemical industry offered by our management, scientists and experts.Participants will work in small teams to generate an innovative idea that addresses a scientific challenge and develop the idea int

15、o a business plan. The teams will then present their business plans to the judges who will select the best business plan and present the winning team with the Innovation Cup award and cash prize of EUR 20,000. Top performing participants might be offered a position at Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany.

16、How do you apply?Please only send your application by clicking on the link, and then select the specific team of your choice to apply for.1. What is the feature of the 2022 Innovation Cup?A. It is a relatively expensive program.B. It is an annual national event.C. It is mainly intended for children.

17、D. It is a meeting of great minds.2. What can the excellent participants probably enjoy?A. A chance to travel around the world.B. A promotion in a big company.C. A medal worth 20,000 dollars.D. An employment opportunity.3. Where can the text be found?A. In a textbook.B. In a science paper.C. On a we

18、bsite.D. On a poster.【答案】1. D 2. D 3. C【解析】【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章介绍了第12届的2022年创新杯活动的活动内容、参与对象、活动安排以及申请方式。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“The 2022 Innovation Cup in its 12th year brings together a promising new generation of academic talents from different fields including the companys senior management, researchers, and

19、 accomplished retirees. Its aimed at advancing science and technology. (第12届的2022年创新杯汇聚了包括公司高层管理人员、研究人员和成功退休人员在内的不同领域的新一代学术人才。它的目的是促进科学和技术。)”可知，参与2022年创新杯的都是“a promising new generation of academic talents(有前途的新一代学术人才)”，它是一场富有才智的人的聚会。故选D项。【2题详解】细节理解题。倒数第二段最后一句“Top performing participants might be off

20、ered a position at Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany. (表现最好的参与者可能会获得德国达姆施塔特默克公司的职位。)”可知，表现优异的参与者可以得到一个就业机会。故选D项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Please only send your application by clicking on the link, and then select the specific team of your choice to apply for. (请只通过点击链接发送您的申请，然后选择您选择的特定团队申请。)”可知，本文中的网络链接可以点击进去

21、，因此为网站上的文章。故选C项。BIn March, I traveled to Kakuma, Kenya with UNICEF (联合国儿童基金会), to learn what it was like for refugees (难民) to live there and go to their schools. Most of my time, however, was spent with kids in schools.Head teacher of Mogadishu Primary School, Pascal Lukosi, greeted me in the office

22、. The school had 2,815 students who sat shoulder to shoulder in the classroom. I quickly did the math: one teacher for every 134 students. Crammed classrooms are common in Kakumas schools. And many kids dont go to school at the proper age.Motorbikes, called boda-bodas, are the main means of transpor

23、tation on Kakumas roads. There are no buses, and most of the kids walk to school. For some, the trip takes more than an hour each way. I asked what they usually did after school, “I bring back water and wash clothes,” said Njema Nadai Ben, a 12-year-old boy. There is a severe shortage of running wat

24、er here, so refugees have to walk to one of the camps wells to get water.What about homework? “We dont have lights to read at night,” explained Rachel Akol Dau aged 17. Homes there also lack electricity. In spite of the conditions, Rachel and other students find their way to study. “I light firewood

25、. That gives me light,” She told me, “I want to change the future of my family.”At Morneau Shepell Secondary School for Girls students wake at 4.30, eat breakfast at 6:00, and start the class at 7:30. “The school is there to give the girls a safe place,” said Mohamud Hure, a UN officer in Kakuma. In

26、 one classroom, students announced to visitors what they wanted to do in life. Most of them dreamed of becoming doctors, lawyers and engineers.When I left, I took a picture of Rose, the girl I met on my first day. She dreams of a career as a doctor. This year, shell graduate from primary school. “It

27、s education that brings me faith in changing my life,” said Rose.4. What does the underlined word “Crammed” in paragraph 2 mean?A. Large.B. Clean.C. Overcrowded.D. Damaged.5. What do we know about the kids in Kakuma?A. They lead a very tough life.B. They begin to study at an early age.C. They always

28、 go to school by boda-boda.D. They have a busy and stressful school life.6. Which of the following can best describe Rachel?A. Creative and generous.B. Caring and far sighted.C. Confident and cautious.D. Modest and determined.7. What do the kids think of education?A. It is valueless.B. It is out of

29、reach.C. It rids them of unfairness.D. It gives them hope.【答案】4. C 5. A 6. B 7. D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了肯尼亚Kakuma的难民孩子上学的情况。【4题详解】词句猜测题。第二段划线词句前文“The school had 2,815 students who sat shoulder to shoulder in the classroom. I quickly did the math: one teacher for every 134 students. (该校共有2815名学生肩并肩坐在教室

30、里。我很快算了一下：每134名学生对应一名老师。)”说明学校的学生多，老师少，教室内非常拥挤，从而推知划线词句“Crammed classrooms are common in Kakumas schools. (Crammed的教室在Kakuma的学校里很常见。)”其中划线词汇应为“拥挤的”的意思，选项C“过度拥挤的”与之意义最为接近。故选C项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“The school had 2,815 students who sat shoulder to shoulder in the classroom. (该校共有2815名学生肩并肩坐在教室里。)”、第三段中“

31、There are no buses, and most of the kids walk to school. (没有公共汽车，大多数孩子步行上学。)”和“There is a severe shortage of running water here, so refugees have to walk to one of the camps wells to get water. (这里的自来水严重短缺，所以难民们不得不步行到营地的水井去取水。)”、及第四段中“Homes there also lack electricity. (那里的家庭也缺乏电力。)”可知，在Kakuma，教室里非常

32、拥挤，孩子们步行上学，水电短缺。从而推知，那里的孩子过着非常艰苦的生活。故选A项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中Rachel所说“I want to change the future of my family. (我想改变我家庭的未来。)”可知，Rachel有爱心、有远见。故选B项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Most of them dreamed of becoming doctors, lawyers and engineers. (他们中的大多数人梦想成为医生、律师和工程师。)”和最后一段中Rose所说“Its education that brings me f

33、aith in changing my life.(是教育给了我改变人生的信心。)”可知，孩子们认为教育给了他们带来希望。故选D项。CNew research has found that people with mild cognitive impairment (认知损坏) may not necessarily develop dementia (痴呆) and, in fact, having higher education and advanced language skills more than doubles their chances of returning to nor

34、mal.The study, led by researchers at the University of Waterloo, may reassure those with mild cognitive impairment as it contradicts a common assumption that the condition is simply an early stage of dementia. People with mild cognitive impairment show signs of cognitive decline, but not enough to p

35、revent them from performing typical daily tasks. They have been considered at higher risk of progressing to the more severe cognitive decline seen in dementia.“Possessing high cognitive reserve, based on education, high academic grades, and written language skills, may predict what happens years aft

36、er someone receives a diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment,” said Suzanne Tyas, a professor in the School of Public Health Sciences at Waterloo and lead author. “Even after considering age, genetics and established risk factors for dementia, we found that higher levels of education more than doubl

37、ed the chances that people with mild cognitive impairment would return to normal cognition instead of progressing to dementia.”The studys findings have meanings for treatment and research in people with mild cognitive impairment.“If individuals with higher cognitive reserve are more likely to improv

38、e even without treatment, then this needs to be taken into consideration when recruiting participants for clinical trials of prospective treatments and when interpreting the results of these trials,” Tyas said, adding theres no cure for most causes of dementia, so prevention is key.8. About mild cog

39、nitive impairment, which is consistent with the study?A. It surely results in dementia.B. It is an early stage of dementia.C. It will stop peoples daily action.D. It doesnt surely lead to dementia.9. How is ones cognitive reserve assessed?A. Through personal income.B. Through social frequency.C. Thr

40、ough his education.D. Through personal relationship.10. What is the most significant to do with dementia?A. Early prevention.B. Medical care.C. Proper cure.D. Specific medicine.11. What is the main idea of the text?A. People with cognitive impairment show cognitive decline.B. Age and genetics are es

41、tablished risk factors for dementia.C. A study focuses on the consequence of cognitive impairment.D. Higher education and language skills may help stop dementia.【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一项新研究，研究发现受过高等教育和拥有高级语言技能会使痴呆症患者恢复正常的机会增加一倍以上，可能有助于阻止痴呆症。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“New research has

42、found that people with mild cognitive impairment (认知损坏) may not necessarily develop dementia (痴呆) and, in fact, having higher education and advanced language skills more than doubles their chances of returning to normal. (新的研究发现，轻度认知受损的人不一定患痴呆症，事实上，受过高等教育和拥有高级语言技能会使他们恢复正常的机会增加一倍以上。)”可知，新的研究发现，轻度认知受损

43、的人不一定患痴呆症。故选D。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Possessing high cognitive reserve, based on education, high academic grades, and written language skills, may predict what happens years after someone receives a diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment,” said Suzanne Tyas, a professor in the School of Public Health Sci

44、ences at Waterloo and lead author. (滑铁卢公共卫生科学学院教授，第一作者Suzanne Tyas说：“拥有高认知储备是基于教育、高学术成绩和书面语言技能，它可以预测某人被诊断为轻度认知障碍多年后会发生什么。”)”可知，高认知储备是基于教育、高学术成绩和书面语言技能。所以可以通过教育、高学术成绩和书面语言技能评估人的认知储备。故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“If individuals with higher cognitive reserve are more likely to improve even without treatment,

45、 then this needs to be taken into consideration when recruiting participants for clinical trials of prospective treatments and when interpreting the results of these trials,” Tyas said, adding theres no cure for most causes of dementia, so prevention is key. (Tyas说：“如果认知储备较高的个体即使没有治疗也更有可能改善，那么在招募参与者

46、进行前瞻性治疗的临床试验以及解释这些试验的结果时，需要考虑这一点”，Tyas并补充说，大多数痴呆症病因都无法治愈，因此预防是关键。)”可知，预防是痴呆症的关键。所以对于解决痴呆问题最重要的是：预防痴呆症。故选A。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“New research has found that people with mild cognitive impairment (认知损坏) may not necessarily develop dementia (痴呆) and, in fact, having higher education and advanced language

47、skills more than doubles their chances of returning to normal. (新的研究发现，轻度认知受损的人不一定患痴呆症，事实上，受过高等教育和拥有高级语言技能会使他们恢复正常的机会增加一倍以上。)”及第三段“Even after considering age, genetics and established risk factors for dementia, we found that higher levels of education more than doubled the chances that people with m

48、ild cognitive impairment would return to normal cognition instead of progressing to dementia.” (“即使在考虑了年龄，遗传学和痴呆症的既定风险因素之后，我们发现，较高的教育水平使轻度认知障碍患者恢复正常认知而不是发展为痴呆症的机会增加了一倍多。)”可知，文章主要介绍一项新研究，研究发现受过高等教育和拥有高级语言技能会使痴呆症患者恢复正常的机会增加一倍以上。故推知高等教育和语言技能可能有助于阻止痴呆症，并让患者恢复正常。故选D。DResearchers from The University of Qu

49、eensland(UQ)have helped design a new app to protect birds at risk of extinction across the world by eliminating language barriers among scientists. The Bird Language Diversity web app will help provide a “birds eye view”, ensuring vital information is shared to improve worldwide conservation. UQs Dr

50、 Pablo Negret said the research team analysed more than 10,000 bird species, and found that 1,587 species have 10 languages or more spoken within their distributions. “Scientific information on species can be spread across different languages, but valuable information can go missing or get lost in t

51、ranslation,” Dr Negret said. “Without enough sharing of information, this can affect the effectiveness of conservation measures.”Take the common bird Pochard for example. It is classified as vulnerable species(易危种)and crosses 108 countries in Europe, Asia and north Africa, where a total of 75 offici

52、al languages are spoken. The survival of the common Pochard, and so many other species, depends on effective cooperation and policy agreements among people with diverse linguistic and cultural backgrounds. This app reveals where threatened and migratory birds exist geographically, in relation to the

53、 language spoken in those regions. ”We hope the app will encourage researchers and conservation organisations to interact with their peers in other regions, especially if they speak different languages, and be a starting point to allow everyone to work together to protect threatened species,” Dr Neg

54、ret said. Dr Tatsuya Amano, a researcher and the co-author of the paper, said this work could extend further than bird species. “Any species, whether theyre mammals, amphibians(两栖动物), or plants, with a range crossing multiple countries will be impacted by language barriers, as well as species that m

55、igrate across different countries, such as marine species and butterflies,” he said. ”The significance of the impact of poor communication on such an important issue is evident, and is the reason why were working hard to improve science communication across languages.”12. What does the underlined wo

56、rd “eliminating“ in paragraph 1 mean?A. Giving in to.B. Coming across.C. Putting up with.D. Breaking down.13. What is the function of adequate sharing of information?A. Ensuring the effectiveness of protective measures.B. Helping people know more about scientists efforts.C. Spreading knowledge of th

57、e diversity of birds worldwide.D. Compromising the effectiveness of conservation measures.14. What is shown on the app?A. The producer of the app.B. The organizations involved.C. The location of endangered birds.D. The information of new geographers.15. What can be the best title for the text?A. Bir

58、ds Protection Is an UrgencyB. A New Bird App Spreads Its WingsC. A New Bird App Helps Learn LanguagesD. Poor Communication Impacts Cooperation【答案】12. D 13. A 14. C 15. B【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了一款新型的应用程序，该程序被用来保护世界各地濒临灭绝的鸟类。【12题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段“The Bird Language Diversity web app will help provide a “birds

59、 eye view”, ensuring vital information is shared to improve worldwide conservation.（鸟类语言多样性网络应用程序将有助于提供“鸟瞰视图”，确保重要信息共享，以改善全球保护。）”以及第二段“Scientific information on species can be spread across different languages, but valuable information can go missing or get lost in translation,” Dr Negret said. （“关于

60、物种的科学信息可以在不同的语言中传播，但有价值的信息可能会在翻译中丢失或丢失，”内格雷特博士说。）”可知，这款应用程序通过打破科学家之间的语言障碍来保护世界各地濒临灭绝的鸟类。由此可推知，eliminate在此意为“破坏，消除”。 故选D。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“Without enough sharing of information, this can affect the effectiveness of conservation measures.（“如果没有足够的信息共享，这可能会影响保护措施的有效性。）”可知，没有充分的信息共享可能会影响保护措施的有效性。所以