考点11-推理判断之引申推断-讲考点-胸有成竹（教师版）

1、考点11-推理判断之引申推断-讲考点-胸有成竹2022年推理判断之引申推断考点归纳】7点推理判断之引中推断阅读理解2022试卷类型设问考占 J八、2022.新高考I卷阅读 A23.3. What will happen if you submit an essay one week after the due date?C 篇 31 . What can we learn about the project from the last two paragraphs?引申推断2022 全国高考乙 卷D 篇 35. What can be inferred about the adoption o

2、f the sugar tax policy?引申推断20212021 英语全国甲 卷B 篇 27 . What can be inferred about Pom Lympne Reserve?D 篇 33. What can we infer about girls from the study in Science!引申推断2021 全国高考乙 卷B 篇 27. What can be inferred about the landline from the last paragraph?D 篇 35. What can we infer about the author from th

3、e text?引申推断2021 全国新高考I卷C M 30. What is a direct result of the Act passed in 1934?引申推断2021.全国新高考n卷D 篇 34. Why does Pete Bonds still hire cowboys to watch cattle?引申推断20202020全国新高考I山东卷B 篇 7. What can we learn from Jenifers story?引申推断2020.全国新课标IB 篇 27. What can we infer about the author from the text?引申

4、推断2020全国新课标IIC 篇 31 . What can we infer about wearing fur in New York according to Morgan?引申推的道理。应选B。断2020.全国新课标IIIB 篇 27. What can we infer from the last paragraph about animal actors?引申推断2023年高考命题预测】推理判断之引申推断考点是高考中的必考点。每年的高考阅读理解中都会有引申推断题 以考查学生的推理判断能力，推理判断题的答案是通过对文章中材料的分析得出的结论，它 不是文章中直接的事实。预测在2023高

5、考中，引申推断会继续在高考阅读理解中呈现。【推理判断之引申推断考点指南】规律方法：常见的设问方式：What can be inferred about the?What can be inferred aboutfrom the last paragraph?What can we learn from?What can we infer aboutfrom the text?如何解决引申推断题？引申推断题属于深层理解题，要求根据语篇内容，推断具体细节。做此类题目关键是 要正确把握文章的内在关系，理解文章的真正含义，要忠实于原文，千万不能主观臆断， 随意揣测，更不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点。

6、此类题目的题干一般包括六个动词： infei（推断），indicate（象征，暗示），imply（暗示），suggest（暗示），assume（假定，设想）和 conclude（推断，做出结论）。考例分析：D 2022 全国高考乙卷】The Governments sugar tax on soft drinks has brought in half as much money as Ministers first predicted it would generate, the first official data on the policy has shown.First announ

7、ced in April, 2016, the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml, was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity （月巴胖）.It is believed that todays children and teenagers are consuming three times the recommended level of sugar, putting them at a higher risk of the

8、disease.Initially the sugar tax was expected to make 520m a year for the Treasury. However, data of the first six months showed it would make less than half this amount. At present it is expected to generate 240m for the year ending in April 2019, which will go to school sports.It comes after more t

9、han half of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers （制造商）so they can avoid paying the tax. Drinks now contain 45 million fewer kilos of sugar as a result of manufacturers1 efforts to avoid the charge, according to Treasury figures. Since April drinks companies have

10、 been forced to pay between 18p and 24p for every litre of sugary drink they produce or import, depending on the sugar content.However, some high sugar brands, like Classic Coca Cola, have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing to change for fear of upsetting consumers. Fruit juices, milk-based dri

11、nks and most alcoholic drinks are free of the tax, as are small companies manufacturing fewer than Im litres per year.Today*s figures, according to one government official, show the positive influence the sugar tax is having by raising millions of pounds for sports facilities （设施）and healthier eatin

12、g in schools. Helping the next generation to have a healthy and active childhood is of great importance, and the industry is playing its part.What can be inferred about the adoption of the sugar tax policy?A. It is a short-sighted decision.B. It is a success story.C. It benefits manufacturers.D. It

13、upsets customers.【答案】15.B【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国政府对软饮料征收的糖税来解决儿童以及 青少年的健康问题，同时该收入用于学校体育。15. B 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“Todays figures, according to one government official, show the positive influence the sugar tax is having by raising millions of pounds for sports facilities and healthier eating in schools.

14、（根据一位政府官员的说法，今天的数据显示了 糖税的积极影响，它为学校的体育设施和健康饮食筹集了数百万英镑）”可推断，糖税政策 的实施是一个成功的政策。应选B。B【2021 .英语全国甲卷】Port Lympne Reserve, which runs a breeding （繁育）programme, has welcomed the arrival of a rare black rhino calf （犀牛幼崽）.When the tiny creature arrived on January 31, she became the 40th black rhino to be born

15、at the reserve. And officials at Port Lympne were delighted with the new arrival, especially as black rhinos are known for being difficult to breed in captivity （圈养）.Paul Beer, head of rhino section at Port Lympne, said: Obviously were all absolutely delighted to welcome another calf to our black rh

16、ino family. Shes healthy, strong and already eager to play and explore. Her mother, Solio, is a first-time mum and she is doing a fantastic job. Its still a little too cold for them to go out into the open, but as soon as the weather warms up, I have no doubt that the little one will be out and abou

17、t exploring and playing every day.”The adorable female calf is the second black rhino born this year at the reserve, but it is too early to tell if the calves will make good candidates to be returned to protected areas of the wild. The first rhino to be bom at Port Lympne arrived on January 5 to fir

18、st-time mother Kisima and weighed about 32kg. His mother, grandmother and great grandmother were all born at the reserve and still live there.According to the World Wildlife Fund, the global black rhino population has dropped as low as 5500, giving the rhinos a critically endangered“ status.What can

19、 be inferred about Porn Lympne Reserve?The rhino section will be open to the public.It aims to control the number of the animals.It will continue to work with the World Wildlife Fund.Some of its rhinos may be sent to the protected wild areas.【答案】7. D【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在Port Lympne保护区的局部黑犀牛现状。 7.推理判

20、断题。通过文章倒数第二段“it is too early to tell if the calves will make good candidates to be returned to protected areas of the wild （要判断这些小犀牛是否会成为返回野生 保护区的好的候选者还为时过早广可推知，Pon Lympne保护区的一些犀牛可能会被送到野 生保护区。应选D项。【试题精练】.【2022届江苏省苏锡常镇四市高三教学情况调查（一）】On Friday January 14, 2022, blast was heard 2,000 km away in New Zeal

21、and and 3,300 km away in Australia. Boats crashed into a quiet harbor in Southern California, a remote island was battered in Japan by 4 foot waves and two women were swept to their deaths on a beach in Peru some 6,000 miles from an undersea volcanic eruption so powerful that the tsunami which it se

22、t off stirred ocean waters halfway across the globe.But on Sunday, as reports of the volcanos effect crowded in from far-flung countries, there was little word from Tonga, the island nation just 40 miles from the site of the extraordinary explosion. As concerns from all over the world grew, the nati

23、on of about 100,000 people remained largely cut off from the rest of the world, its undersea internet cables knocked out of commission by the volcano.In Tonga on Sunday, many residents lost not only communication channels but electric power. Up to 80,000 people there could be affected, the Internati

24、onal Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies told the BBC.New Zealand and other nations in the region pledged to give Tonga aid to recover. But with heavy concentrations of airborne ash making flights impossible, just like the Iceland volcano eruption in 2021, it was difficult even to kno

25、w what was needed. Ardem, the New Zealand prime minister, said flights over Tonga were planned for Monday or Tuesday, depending on ash conditions.Tonga has experienced a succession of natural disasters in recent years. In 2018, more than 170 homes were destroyed and two people killed by Cyclone Gita

26、, a Category 5 tropical storm. In 2020, Cyclone Harold caused about $111 million in damage.31. What can be inferred from the passage?The Iceland volcano eruption in 2021 made nearby flights delayed.New Zealand as well as other nations in the region gave Tonga aid timely.Flights could reach Tonga two

27、 days after the eruption.The undersea volcanic eruption caused severer damage to Tonga than ever before.【答案】31. A【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是汤加受到火山喷发的影响而与世界其他地区基本 隔绝。31.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“But with heavy concentrations of airborne ash making flights impossible, just like the Iceland volcano eruption in 2021, it w

28、as difficult even to know what was needed.（但就像2021年冰岛火山爆发一样，由于空气中的火山灰浓度过高，飞行变 得不可能，甚至很难知道需要什么。厂可推断出，2021年冰岛火山爆发导致附近航班延误。 应选Ao2. 2022届河北省九师联盟高三下学期3月质量检测联考】Nowadays, we are very worried about such COVID-19 variants as Delta and Omicron. To relieve our anxieties, we should have a look at our own cell a

29、nd the original COVID-19 virus.First of all, our cell isnt stupid. If any virus wants to enter our cell, it must figure out a way for its spike （触手）to hold tightly to the spike on the cells surface. You can imagine this connecting as a secret handshake.At the early stage, the COVID-19 virus figured

30、out a way to connect to a specific spike on the surface of human cell, called ACE2. But the connecting wasnt perfect. However, it was good enough to trick the ACE2 to let it in.Once the virus was inside the cell, it kept copying itself in order to find more cells to infect. During this time, the imm

31、une （免疫）system started making antibodies to fight back. Some of those antibodies acted like little caps that stick to the ends of the viruss spike. Once “capped”, the infection couldnt move forward, and the body won!But every time the virus copies itself inside a cell, it has the chance of changing

32、its spikes slightly. Most of the variations are actually harmful to the virus. So these variants disappear. However, once the virus hits upon a set of variations that actually help the virus to connect more tightly to the cell or more quickly, a persons cell gets infected more easily.Then what about

33、 the antibodies? Arent they coming to save us again? Well, yes. and no.Scientists found that a person who was infected with the earlier version of the virus may not be protected as well against these new variants. He still can be infected, again. However, the antibodies9 spikes come in different sha

34、pes, too. So even though some antibodies become less useful, others will get the job done-or at least, hold back the infection long enough so the body can make new antibodies that fit perfectly on the changed spike.14. What can be learned from the text?COVID-19 variants will become more and more inf

35、ectious.It is unlikely for COVID-19 patients to get infected again.Old antibodies might be less effective against new variants.It is hopeless to get rid of the COVID-19 in the near future.【答案】14. C【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了正在全球肆虐的新冠病毒产生变体的原因及其 可能带来的挑战。14.推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句So even though some antibodies beco

36、me less useful, others will get the job done-or at least, hold back the infection long enough so the body can make new antibodies that fit perfectly on the changed sp汰e.（因此，即使一些抗体变得不那么有 用，其他抗体也会完成任务，或者至少，将感染抑制足够长的时间，以便身体能够制造出新 的抗体，完美地适应改变后的触手广可知，旧抗体对新病毒变体的作用可能会减弱。应选C。3.【湖南省长沙县、望城区、浏阳市、宁乡2021-2022学年高

37、三下学期3月调研】The skies over Latin Americas largest city are set to witness a futuristic aerospace revolution after the Brazilian airline Gol reached an agreement that could see it transport regular passengers around Sao Paulo in hundreds of low-cost zero-emission electric air taxis.Domhnal Slattery, chi

38、ef executive of the Dublin-based firm Avolon, which will provide the aircraft to Gol and recently placed an order for 500 of the aircraft from their British manufacturer, admitted helicopters were the kingdom of the wealthiest”.But the Avolon boss claimed the introduction of VA-X4 eVTOLs （electric v

39、ertical（垂直的） takeoff and landing） aircraft to Sao Paulo would be a gamechanger for regular passengers once the taxis, which look like a futuristic cross between a helicopter and a glider, were delivered in late 2024 or 2025.“Our basic estimate （估计）at the moment is that the operating cost here for th

40、is aircraft will be equal to $1 per passenger over a 25-mile trip,“ Slattery told the Financial Times. Which is almost equal to an Uber ride.Few cities are crying out for such a revolution more than Sao Paulo, a sprawling metropolis with more than 12 million citizens and choked by a fleet of 8.6m ve

41、hicles.In the late 1990s, the congestion （拥塞）became so bad in what is now the worlds fifth biggest city after Tokyo, Delhi, Seoul and Shanghai that authorities were forced to introduce a number plate rotation （循环）system for vehicles.Stephen Fitzpatrick, the head of the British aerospace manufacturer

42、 that produces the aircraft, Vertical Aerospace, said the flying taxis would be ideal for BraziPs biggest city and will transform how we travel around high population density cities that are crowded with traffic”.The Bristol-based Vertical Aerospace was founded in 2016 and promises to pioneer “a new

43、 era in vertical transport”.“Well be looking to Asia after Sao Paulo J Avolons chief commercial officer, Paul Geaney, told Reuters.12. What did Domhnal Slattery think of helicopters?They could be afforded by all.They could be mostly used by the rich.They provided convenience for travellers.They show

44、ed the owners, social status.Which of the following can be infeired from the passage?The flying taxis will be ideal for Brazils biggest city.More cities are eager for electric air taxis than Sao Paulo.The Avolon will enter the Asian transportation market soon.Travelling by VA-X4 eVTOLs can be more c

45、onvenient but more expensive than by Uber.【答案】12. B14. C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了交通改善问题，相关公司估计未来会有更为低廉的交 通出行方式，可以改善高密度城市人口交通堵塞问题，以及未来会向亚洲市场进军。12.推理判断题。根据文章第二段“D6mhnal Slattery, chief executive of the Dublin-based firm Avolon, which will provide the aircraft to Gol and recently placed an order for 500 of the

46、 aircraft from their British manufacturer, admitted helicopters were the kingdom of the wealthiest”.（,总部 位于都柏林的Avolon公司将为Gol提供这款飞机，最近该公司从英国制造商那里订购了 500 架，该公司首席执行官D6mhnal Slattery成认，直升机是“最富有的人的王国工厂可知，多 姆纳尔斯莱特里认为它们可能主要被富人使用。应选B项。14.推理判断题。根据文章最后一句话“Well be looking to Asia after Sao Paulo J Avolons chie

47、f commercial officer, Paul Geaney, told Reuters.（Avolon 首席商务官 Paul Geaney 对路透表 示：“在SM Paulo之后，我们将把目光投向亚洲。”广可知，在未来Avolon公司可能会进入 亚洲市场。应选C项。4.12022届河北省石家庄市高中毕业班教学质量检测（一）】When someone damages their backbone, the injury can leave them paralyzed （瘫痪）.Now, scientists have given three paralyzed men the abil

48、ity to walk again, thanks to an implanted device.The human backbone, or spine, doesnt just help us stand up straight. Inside is the spinal cord, which carries important information between the head and the lower part of the body. This information moves around as bursts of electricity traveling betwe

49、en the brain and the other parts of the body. When the spinal cord is hurt, this pathway gets damaged and they cant move their legs.Now scientists in Switzerland have given three paralyzed men the ability to walk again. To help them walk again, the men had surgery. A special device was placed direct

50、ly on the lower part of their spinal cord, below their injury. This “implant“ contained sixteen electrodes, which are small objects that electricity can pass through. The researchers made sure the electrodes were lined up with nerves that control the leg muscles. The scientists controlled the implan

51、ts from a tablet computer.The patients brains arent sending “walking“ messages to their legs. Instead, the tablet tells the implant to send the walking messages. The researchers used computers to generate patterns of movement, like taking a step. The patient then uses the tablet to choose the patter

52、n and the muscles move in the chosen way. Over time, the men were able to walk using a special walker with buttons to control each leg.The solution isnt perfect. Ifs very expensive, it requires difficult surgery, and the patients cant walk without the system. But the scientists are hopeful that in t

53、he future, this sort of technology will allow many paralyzed people to begin to walk again in just hours.What is the implanted device expected to do?A. Activate the damaged nerves.B. Identify the position of the injury.C. Test the degree of the damage.D. Bridge the nerve gap made by the injury.【答案】1

54、3. D【解析 1这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了科学家通过植入特殊装置让瘫痪者恢复行走能力。13.推理判断题。根据第二段“Inside is the spinal cord, which carries important information between the head and the lower part of the body. This information moves around as bursts of electricity traveling between the brain and the other parts of the body. When the spin

55、al cord is hurt, this pathway gets damaged and they can9t move their legs.（里面是脊髓，它在头部和身体下部 之间传递重要信息。这些信息作为电流在大脑和身体其他部位之间传播。当脊髓受伤时，这 条通路就会受损，他们的腿就不能动了。）”以及第三段“The researchers made sure the electrodes were lined up with nerves that control the leg muscles. The scientists controlled the implants from a

56、 tablet computer.（研究人员确保电极与控制腿部肌肉的神经对齐。科学家们通 过平板电脑控制植入物。）”可知，脊髓受伤时，神经流受损导致他们的腿不能动，所以科学 家植入特殊装置的预期用途是弥合受伤造成的神经间隙。应选D项。5.【2022届广西桂林、崇左、贺州市高考联合调研】Conor McGregor is an Irish Mixed Martial artist and the current unquestioned lightweight champion of Ultimate Fighting Championship （UFC）. Mixed martial arts

57、 （MMA）（综合格斗）is highly tiring and fighters have to go through years of training and preparations to later be known as outstanding MMA fighters. Champions of a particular division after lots of preparations and countless number of fights still tend to lose to relatively new fighter. So this game is full of uncertainties.Conor, at the age of 18, moved to Lucan with his parents to start a plumbing apprenticeship（管道工学徒）.He worked as a plumber and got tired of a 9-to-5 job. His life took a turn when one day, he came ac