南京市中考英语英语 任务型阅读理解专题练习(附答案)

1、南京市中考英语英语任务型阅读理解专题练习（附答案）一、英语任务型阅读1任务型阅读Everyoneinthisworldhastheirownfavoritegame.Ihavemyown,too.Myfavoritegameisfootball.Ioftenplayfootballwithmyfriendsintheevening.Ilikethisgameitisexcitingandchallenging.Footballisateamsportplayedbetweentwoteamsofelevenplayerseach.Itisaballgameplayedonagrassfield

2、withagoalateachend.Theobjectiveofthegameistoscorebykickingtheballintotheopposinggoal.Thewinneristheteamwhichhasscoredmoregoalsattheendofthematch.Football（play）ataprofessionallevelallovertheworld,andmillionsofpeopleregularlygotofootballstadiumstofollowtheirfavoriteteamorwatchthegameontelevision.There

3、aremanyinternationalcompetitionsoffootball.OneofthemajorinternationalcompetitionsinfootballistheWorldCup.MyfavouritestarinfootballisEdsonArantesdoNascimento.Iwishtobecomeaprofessionalfootballplayer.Ilearntteambuilding,disciplineaswellasteamworkthroughplayingfootball.（1）写出画线句子的同义句。（2）在空格处写一个单词把该句补充完整

4、。（3）WhatstheChinesemeaningofthiswordopposingaccordingtothepassage?（4）用括号内单词的正确形式填空补全句子。（5）Whatdidthewriterlearnthroughplayingfootball?【答案】（1）SodoI.（2）because（3）相竞争的；对立的（4）isplayed（5）Helearntteambuilding,disciplineaswellasteamwork.【解析】【分析】（1）句意：这个世界上的每个人都有自己最喜欢的游戏。我也有我自己的（我也一样）。so+be/情态动词/助动词+主语，意为“也

5、如此，也一样”，表示上文所说的也同样适合这个人/物；这里句子的谓语动词是have，所以要用助动词do,故答案为SodoI.（2）根据空前面的句子Ilikethisgame后面的句子itisexcitingandchallenging.可知后面是表示我喜欢这个游戏的原因的，应该用表示原因的because，故答案为because。（3）句意：比赛的目的是把球踢进对方球门得分。胜者是在比赛结束时进了更多球的那一队。根据上下文和常识可知是把球踢进对方的球门，故答案为相竞争的；对立的。（4）句子的主语football是动词play的承受者，所以应该用被动语态：be+动词的过去分词，由上下文可知是一般现在

6、时，故答案为isplayedo（5）根据短文最后一段中的句子Ilearntteambuilding,disciplineaswellasteamworkthroughplayingfootball通过踢足球，他学会了团队建设、纪律和团队合作。故答案为Helearntteambuilding,disciplineaswellasteamwork.【点评】考查任务型阅读。做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意其次，细读题材，各个击破掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。2任务型阅读。阅读以下内容，并完成句子，每空词数不限。D

7、osomecoloursmakeyoufeelcalmwhileothersgiveyouenergy?Scientistshavestudiedtheconnectionbetweencoloursandmoodforalongtime.Manybelievethatcolourcaninfluenceourmoods.Warm,brightcolourssuchasyellowandredarepositivecolours.Theycangivepeopleapleasantfeeling.Coolcolourssuchasblue,purple,andgreenarerelaxingc

8、olours.Theyhelppeopleexperiencecalmfeelings.Manypublicplacesaredecoratedwithcertaincoloursinordertocreatecertainmoods.Orangemakespeoplefeelhungry,andmanyrestaurantsarepaintedthiscolour.Peopleusecolourintheirhomestocreatemoodsaswell.Blueisapeacefulcolour.Ithelpsyourest,soitisaverygoodcolourforabedroo

9、m.Colourscancreatebadmoodstoo.Sometypesofbluemakepeoplefeelsad.Redcanmakepeoplefeelangry.Whatisyourmoodrightnow?Nowlookatthecolourofthewallsroundyou.Doesitmatchyourmood?（1）Coolcoloursarerelaxingcoloursandtheyhelppeopleexperience.（2）Orangemakespeople,andmanyrestaurantsarepaintedthiscolour.（3）Peopleus

10、ecolourintheirhomestoaswell.（4）Sometypesofmakepeoplefeelsad.（5）Thispassagemainlytellsushowcolour.【答案】（1）calmfeelings（2）feelhungryhungry（3）createmoods（4）blue（5）influencesourmoods/caninfluenceourmoods【解析】【分析】这篇短文主要讲了颜色对于情绪的影响。（1）依据短文中的句子“Coolcolourssuchasblue,purple,andgreenarerelaxingcolours.Theyhelp

11、peopleexperiencecalm_feelings.”可知，冷颜色如蓝色、紫色和绿色是放松的颜色。他们帮助人们体验平静的感觉。故答案为calmfeelings。（2）依据短文中的句子“Orangemakespeoplefeelhungry,andmanyrestaurantsarepaintedthiscolour.”可知，橙色让人感到饿，许多餐馆都涂成这个颜色。故答案为feelhungryhungry（3）依据短文中的句子Peopleusecolourintheirhomestocreatemoodsaswell.”可知，人们在家使用颜色营造一种情绪。故答案为createmoods。

12、（4）依据短文中的句子Sometypesofbluemakepeoplefeelsad.”可知，某些类型的蓝色让人感到悲伤。故答案为blue。(5)依据短文中的句子“Manybelievethatcolourcaninfluenceourmoods.”以及短文中的介绍：黄色和红色是积极的颜色。他们可以给人一种愉快的感觉；蓝色、紫色和绿色是放松的颜色，他们帮助人们体验平静的感觉；橙色让人感到饿；蓝色是一个和平的颜色。它帮助你休息；颜色也可以创建心情不好。蓝色让人感到悲伤；红色可以让人们感到愤怒。故答案为influencesourmoods/caninfluenceourmoods。3阅读理解Do

13、YaoMing,LiuXiangandJustineHeninhaveanythingincommonwithpeoplelikeus?Youprobablyanswer“NO!”.Itseemsthattopathletesliveinaworldthatiscompletelydifferentfromours.However,ifwecouldseeintotheirminds,itwouldbeclearthattheyareactuallyjustlikeus.Justhowanathletebecomesasuccessmeansexamplesforusall.Toachieve

14、theirgoals,sportsmenhavetopreparephysically,mentally(内心地).Theyhavetogettoknowthemselves,managestressanddeveloptheirpowersofconcentration(专注).Sotheycanputalltheireffortsintotheirevents.Wemaynotbesportsstarsourselves,但是我们不得不面对相同的问题.Wesetgoalsforourselvesandthinkaboutpersonaldevelopment.Wehavetomanageo

15、urfearsbeforebigexams.Weworryaboutourfriendshipswithbothclassmatesandteachers.Likesportsmen,wetrytobementallystrongandgiveourbest.OnlyfewofuswillbecompetingintheOlympicGames.But,allthesame,thereismuchwesharewithsportsheroes.Justlikeathletes,howwefeelinfluencesourdecisions,behaviorandachievements.Top

16、athletesshowusthatsuccessisntsimplydowntochance.Wecancontrolthedirectionofourlifesjourney.选择恰当的词组填入文中横线处。A.either;orB.neither;norC.notonly;butalso将文中画线的英语句子翻译成汉语。判断正误。正确的填T”，错误的填F”Theathletesliveinaworldthatisdifferentfromours.Wesometimeshavetofacethesameproblemslikethetopathletes.翻译文中画线的汉语句子。5）通过阅读

17、文章，我们知道作者想表达什么思想？（从文中找出一句话）答案】（1）C2）似乎顶级运动员生活在与我们完全不同的世界里。（3）错误；正确4)butwehavetofacethesameproblems（5）Wecancontrolthedirectionofourlifesjourney.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论述明星运动员跟我们的异同。最终得出结论：成功并非偶然，我们可以控制我们人生旅途的方向。（1）根据句意：为了实现他们的目标，运动员不仅要在身体上做好准备，而且还要在精神上做好准备。故选C。（2）Itseemsthat.似乎；thatiscompletelydifferentfro

18、mours是定语从句，修饰先行词aworld，翻译成汉语时注意顺序颠倒过来，即：一个与我们完全不同的世界；completely完全地；ours=ourworld;所以本句应该译为：似乎顶级运动员生活在与我们完全不同的世界里。（3）1）句意：那些运动员生活在与我们不同的世界里。根据第二段However,ifwecouldseeintotheirminds,itwouldbeclearthattheyareactuallyjustlikeus.然而，如果我们能看到他们的思想，很明显他们实际上跟我们一样。可知该表达是错误的。2）句意：我们有时候不得不面对与顶级运动员一样的问题。根据第四段第一句Wem

19、aynotbesportsstarsourselves,但是我们不得不面对相同的问题.可知该表达是正确的。（4）借助第三题第二句话可以正确翻译本句：butwehavetofacethesameproblems。（5）主旨句查找。根据作者写作思路可知文章结构是总分总，文章第二段点题owever,ifwecouldseeintotheirminds,itwouldbeclearthattheyareactuallyjustlikeus.中间论述他们在哪些方面跟我们常人一样；最后一段总结观点：Wecancontrolthedirectionofourlifesjourney.【点评】在阅读理解中考查

20、对知识综合运用的能力。做题时紧扣题目。4阅读下面短文，根据短文内容完成句子。Friendsareanimportantpartofourlives.Wespendtimewiththem,havefuntogether,andshareouropinions,feelingsandevensecrets.Lifewouldbeboringwithoutfriends.Friendsinfluencewhoweare.helpuslearn,support（支持）usingoodandbadtimes,andcareforusevenwhenwearenothappy.Often.Wehavem

21、anyhappymomentswithourfriends.Weneedsomeonetosharethingswithtomakethemmoreenjoyable.Beinglonelyforlongperiodsoftimeisnotagreatfeeling.Thatiswhyitisimportanttospendtimemakingfriendsandnurturing（维持）,aclosegroupoffriends.Itisimportanttohaveafriendtotalkto,whether（不论）itisaboutasadorhappysubject.Ingoodti

22、mes,itiswonderfultobeabletocelebratewithsomeone.Itisalsoimportanttohavesomeonesupportyouifyouhavejusthadanunpleasantexperience.Friendsarcimportantpillars（中心人物）ofsupport.Friendsteachusimportantlessons.Noonepersonisthesame.Astimegoesby,welearntorespectoneanothersdifferences.Thisacceptanceofothersdiffe

23、rencesisimportantaswemeetmoreandmorepeopleinourlives,suchasnewfamilymembers,neighboursandnewfriends.（1）Lifewithoutfriends.TOC o 1-5 h z（2）Beinglonelyforlongperiodsoftime.（3）Itisimportanttohaveafriendtotalkto,whether.（4）Youneedsomeonetosupportyouif.（5）Noonepersonisthesame,soweshould.【答案】（1）wouldbebor

24、ing（2）isnotagreatfeeling（3）itisaboutasadandhappysubject（4）youhavehadanunpleasantexperience（5）（learnto）respectoneanothersdifferences5.陈琳准备在学校外语文化节上介绍巧克力脆饼(chocolatecrunchies)的制作方法。请你帮她从A-E中选择相应的图片，填入各个步骤中，完成PPT演示文稿。Ingredients200gdarkchocolate50gbutter4spoonsofcornflakes（玉米片）50ghoneyA.B.InstructionsS

25、tep1.Breakthedarkchocolateintosmallpieces.Putthemintoasaucepan.Step2.Addthebutterandhoney（sugarisalsoOK）.Step3.Heatgentlyuntilthemixtureissmooth.Stir（搅动）themixturewhileitisheating.Donotletthemixtureboil.Step4.Takethesaucepanofftheheatandwaitfor5minutes.Addthecornflakestothemixture.Mixitwell.Step5.Sp

26、oonthemixtureintopapercakecups.Putthecupswithchocolatecrunchiesintothefridge.Leavethemforsixhourstoset.C.D.E.!w_,1,1.1-【答案】C;E；A；D；B6请阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，在下面的表格中填入与文章意思最符合的单词，每空词。Astheproverbsays,Yourtonguehasthepoweroflifeanddeath.Thismeansthatyourwordshavepowertofinallycausethingstohappen,evenlifeordeat

27、h.Wemayallexperiencethepowerofwordsinourlife,evenwhenwewereveryyoung.Achildisblamed（责备）byteachersorparents,andafterthat,hemightprobablythinkofhimselfasabadchild.Mostkidshavethatexperience.Theysayitisimportanttopraisechildrenfourtimesforeachnegative（负面的）word.Blamingwillmakethingsworse,whilepositivewo

28、rdsarehelpfulespeciallywhenbeingintroubleorinneed.Whenwefailtheexam,encouragingwordsfromourteachersorparentsmakeusworkharderatourlessons.Encouragingwordscangoquitealongway.Theyliftpeopleup.Forexample,encouragingwordstosomeonewhoissadcanhelpthemmakeitthroughtheday.Wordscanhaveapowerfuleffectonyourbra

29、in.Anditwillinturn（相应地）haveagreatinfluenceonyouraction.Everythingyoudodependsonwhatyouchoosetodo.Itsnotyourparents,yourpastrelationshipsoryourjob,butyouandonlyyouthatareresponsibleforeverygoalyouset.Ifyouhavedreamsinlife,writethemdownandspeakthemout.Yourwordsarelikelytobringyououtsomethingamazing.Th

30、ePowerofWordsYourwordshavepowertofinallycausethingstohappen,evenlifeordeath.Example1beingblamed,achildmavprobablythinkofhimselfasabadchild.Example2Encouragingwordsmakestudentswhocanttheexamworkharderatlessons.Example3Encouragingwordshelppeoplemakeitthroughtheday.Wordshaveapowerfuleffectonyourbrain,a

31、ndinturnitinfluencesyouraction.Everythingyoudodependsontheyoumake.Yourwordsarelikelytobringoutsomethingamazing.【答案】After；pass；sad；greatly；choice/choices7阅读短文，然后按要求完成问题。HerearetwooldstoriesfromChinesehistory.TheChinesepeoplehavetoldthemformanyyears.OneisastoryaboutCaoCaosson,acleverboynamedCaoChong.O

32、neday,CaoCaogotahugeelephantfromSunQuanandhewantedtoknowtheweightofit.Becausetherewasntascalelargeenough,somesoldiersadvisedhimto（A）itup.ButCaoCaodidntwanttokilltheelephant.Justthen,CaoChongcameupwithagreatidea.Heaskedsomesoldierstoleadtheelephantontoabout.Astheheavyanimalwalkedontoit,theboatwentlow

33、erintothewater.AfterCaoChongdrewalineonthesideoftheboattomarkhowlowitwent,theelephantwastakenofftheboat.（B）Theboatwasfiledwithrocksuntilthewaterreachedthelineontheboat.CaoChongthenweighedtherocks.Therocksandtheelephantwereofthesameweight.（C曹操对他的儿子生常满意。TheotherstoryisaboutawisemannamedZhugeLiang.Hewa

34、saskedtomake100,000arrows(前)within10days.Hetold(D)hissoldierstofill20largeboatswithmanystrawmen.Intheearlymorningofthethirdday,thesoldierssaidtheboatstowardsthecampsofCaoCaosarmyontheothersideoftheriver.Theyshoutedandboattheirdrumsloud.WhenCaoCaossoldiersheardthesounds,theythoughttheywere(E)attack.H

35、owever,theycouldnotseethroughthethicktogontheriver.CaoCaoorderedhissoldierstoshootarrowstowardsthesoundsofthedrumsandtheshouting.ZhugeLianggotenougharrowsandthensailedbacksuccessfully.在文中(A)和(口的空白处填入适当的单词(A)(C)将文中划线部分(B)改写为:Theboatwasrocks.将文中划线部分(C)译成英语：文中划线部分(D)指代的是：从文中找出两个历史人物：【答案】(1)cut；underful

36、l；ofCaoCaowas(very)happy/satisfied/pleasedwithhisson.ZhugeLiangsCaoCao/CaoChong/ZhugeLiang/SunQuan(任选两个)8根据短文理解填写表格。Weddingsareimportantineverycountry,andtherearedifferentweddingcustomsindifferentcountries.Inwesterncountriesthebrides(新娘的)dressherweddingdressisveryimportant.Somebrideswearanewdress.So

37、mebrideswearthedresstheirmothersoreventheirgrandmothersworeattheirweddings.Somepeoplebelievethebrideshouldwearsomethingold,somethingnew,somethingborrowed,somethingblue.Shemaywearanoldringandwillusuallyhavenewshoes.Shemayborrowsomethingtowearfromafriend,andtheringonherfingermayhaveabluejewelinitorsom

38、eofherclothesmaybeblue.Manymarriedpeopleinwesterncountriesweararingtoshowthattheyaremarried.Theyweartheringonthefourthfingeroftheirlefthands.Atthewedding,assoonasthemanandthewomanaremarried,theirfriendsoftenthrowriceorverysmallpiecesofpaperoverthecouple.Theybelievethiswillbringthemgoodluckandthatthe

39、ywillhavemanychildren.Thebrideoftencarriesflowers,andaftertheweddingshethrowsthemupintheair.Peoplebelievethatthewomanwhocatchestheflowersisluckyenough.Thebrideandthegroom(新郎),theirfriendsandfamilythenhaveaparty.Afterthatthebrideandthegroomgoonholidaytogether.Thisholidayiscalledthehoneymoon.Someweddi

40、nginwesterncountriesBridesweddingdressThebridesweddingdressisofgreat.BrideswearThebrideshouldwearsomethingold:herorevenhergrandmothersweddingdress;anoldringsomethingnew:anewweddingdress;apairofnewsomething:thingsfromafriend.somethingblue:aringwithablue;someblueclothes.TheforthemarriedManymarriedwear

41、theringonthefingeroftheirlefthandstoshowthattheyaremarried.ActivitiesintheweddingpartyPeoplethrowriceorverysmallpiecesofpaperoverthenewtobringthemgoodluck,hopingtheywillhavemanychildren.Thewomancatchestheflowersthrownupintheairbythebride.Thebrideandthegroomwillhavetheirhoneymoonaftertheparty.答案】cust

42、oms；importance；mothers；shoes；borrowed；jewel；ring；fourth；couple；lucky【解析】【分析】本文介绍西方国家的婚礼习俗。根据第一句话therearedifferentweddingcustomsindifferentcountries.，结合文章内容可知本文是关于西方国家的婚礼习俗。故填customs。根据第二句Inwesterncountriesthebrides（新娘的）dressherweddingdressisveryimportant.be+形容词=beof+该词的名词形式，用于描述主语的特征，故填importance。根据

43、Somebrideswearthedresstheirmothersoreventheirgrandmothersworeattheirweddings.可知新娘有时候穿妈妈甚至是祖母的婚纱。故填mothers。根据Shemaywearanoldringandwillusuallyhavenewshoes.可知鞋子是新的，故填shoes。根据thebrideshouldwearsomethingold,somethingnew,somethingborrowed,somethingblue可知此处是第三类，借来的东西，故填borrowed。根据第二段theringonherfingermayh

44、aveabluejewelinitorsomeofherclothesmaybeblue.可知有蓝色珠宝的戒指，故填jewel。根据第三段可知介绍婚戒的知识，故填ring。根据第三段Theyweartheringonthefourthfingeroftheirlefthands可知填fourtho根据第四段heirfriendsoftenthrowriceorverysmallpiecesofpaperoverthecouple可知朋友往新婚夫妇身上撒米和纸屑，故填couple。Q根据最后一段Peoplebelievethatthewomanwhocatchestheflowersisluck

45、yenough.可知此处填lucky。【点评】任务型阅读的关键在看懂文章，然后根据题目要求作答，注意尽量用文章的语言填写答案。在文章中找不到答案时，要完全理解句子，根据同义词，句型转换的方式找到可以替换文章中的单词，短语或者句子的词。9阅读下列短文，按照每题后的单词要求数量回答问题Theseedvault（种子地窖）Alotofcountriesneeddifferentkindsofseedssothattheycanplantthemagain.Thereisanimportantreasonforthis,Sometimesplantscantgrowinacountrybecauseo

46、fbadweatherordisease,sofarmersneednewseeds.Youcankeepseedsinaseedvault.Itsaplaceataspecialtemperature.Theseedsdontgrow,buttheycanliveforalongtime.Norwayhasthebiggestseedvaultintheworld-theSvalbardGlobalSeedVault-andithasseedsfromalotofdifferentcountries.ThevaultisontheislandofSpitsbergen.Theislandis

47、aboutonethousandkilometersfromtheNorthPole.Itsaverycoldplacesoitsgoodforseeds.Abovetheground,thedoorwayissmall,butinside,thebuildingishuge.Youwalkdownalongcorridor（走廊）,whichisonehundredandthirtymetersinsideamountain.Attheendofit,therearethreelargeareaswithseeds.Thereareabouthalfamillionkindsofseedsi

48、nsidethevault.Forexample,therearekindsofseedsforricefromAsiaandAfrica,32kindsofseedsforpotatoesfromIrelandandseedsfordifferenttomatoesfromtheUSA.Theseedvaulthasspaceforalotmoreseeds.Youcanputabout2.2billion（十亿）seedsinside.Theseedscanlivehereforthousandsofyearsbecauseofthecoldtemperatureof-18U.Sointh

49、efuture,humanscangrowanyseedtheywant.Inotherwords,theseedvaultisthedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath.（1）Whycantplantsgrowinacountry?（within6words）（2）Whereisthebiggestseedvaultintheworld?（within2words）（3）HowfaristheSvalbardGlobalSeedVaultfromtheNorthPole?（within4words）（4）Howmanyseedscanbeputintheseedvaul

50、t?（within3words）（5）Whatplaceisaseedvault?（within12words）【答案】（1）Becauseofbadweatherordisease.（2）InNorway.（3）Aboutonethousandkilometers.（4）About2.2billion.（5）Itsaplaceyoucankeepseedsataspecialtemperature./Itsaplacetokeepseeds.【解析】【分析】大意：本文介绍一个保存种子的方法种子地窖。它可以特殊的温度帮助农民保存种子。（1）根据Sometimesplantscantgrowin

51、acountrybecauseofbadweatherordisease，sofarmersneednewseeds.有时因为坏天气或者疾病，在一个村子里植物不能生长，所以农民需要新的种子，故答案为Becauseofbadweatherordisease。（2）根据Norwayhasthebiggestseedvaultintheworld.挪威拥有世界上最大的种子库，故答案为InNorway。（3）根据TheislandisaboutonethousandkilometersfromtheNorthPole.可知，这个种子库在Spitsbergen的岛上。这个岛离北极大约一千千米，故答案为A

52、boutonethousandkilometers。（4）根据Youcanputabout2.2billionseedsinside.可知，你可以在里面放大约20亿两千万种子，故答案为About2.2billion。（5）根据Youcankeepseedsinaseedvault.Itsaplaceataspecialtemperature可矢口，它是一个你可以以特殊温度保存种子的地方/它是一个保存种子的地方，故答案为Itsaplaceyoucankeepseedsataspecialtemperature./Itsaplacetokeepseeds【点评】考查任务型阅读，注意首先理解问题所问

53、，带着问题从原文找到答案。10.阅读信息，用恰当的单词完成下面的表格，每空一词。An11-year-oldblindgirlisproudofwalkingaloneeverydaytoandfromschool.Why?Shehastowalkpastsomanybarriers（障碍物）inherway.Thegirlshomeisneartheschool,yethermotherfollowsherwithoutlettingherknow.Thecaseofthegirlshowsthebarrier-freefacilities（设施）arenotenoughinhercity.M

54、anyothercitiesareshortofbarrier-freefacilitiesaswell.Theresnowell-designedpathfortheblind.Infact,intheearly2000s,somecitiesstartedtobuildbarrier-freefacilitiesfordisabledpeople.However,almost20yearslater,onlyafewlargecitieshavehadfacilitiesofhighquality.Itscommonthatsidewalksaretakenupwithbarriers.Fewworkersaresenttomovethemaway,soitsdangerousfortheblindtowalkonthem.Also,someotherbarrier-freefacilitiesarebadlydestroyed（毁坏）.Onlyafewworkersareassigned（分配）