蒙大综合英语课件Unit3More Crime and Less Punishment

1、Lesson Three More Crime and Less PunishmentBy Richard MoranIntroductionTopic Discussion: (Brainstorming) 1. What do you know about the crime problem in the States?2. What do you think can be attributed to a constant increase in crime nowadays?Suggested Answer What do you know about the crime problem

2、 in the States?1) Personal property crimes (theft, robbery, mugging , burgling, purse-snatching, shoplifting)2) economic crimes (embezzlement, smuggling ,etc.)3) political crimes (bribery, terrorism, betrayal)4) computer crimes (hacking)5) sexual crimes (rape , sexual harassment)6) juvenile delinque

3、ncy (drug-abuse, violence)7) murdering8) drug-traffickingSuggested AnswerWhat do you think can be attributed to a constant increase in crime nowadays? 1) poverty (Poverty is the mother of crime.)2) the gap between the rich and the poor3) poor education4) the lack of moral power5) ineffective legisla

4、tion6) the lack of effective enforcement of lawsSuggested Answer7) ill cultural influence from history or from other countries8) lenient punishment from the police and court9) racial hatred10) money worship11) TV violenceStructure of the textIntroduction: (Para13 ) The writer describes how serious t

5、he crime problem is in the States and introduces the main idea of the text : punishment does not reduce crime.Structure of the textBody: (Para 4- 9) He analyses the reasons why punishment doesnt deter punishment. Supporting point 1.: There are too many criminal to be locked up Supporting point 2.: t

6、he public is unwilling to pay for prison construction Supporting point 3.: Longer prison sentences are not only too expensive to be feasible, but also ineffectual. Structure of the textConclusion (Para 10) He restates his argument : getting tough with criminals is not the answer to the crime problem

7、.Writing techniques1. How to support an argument1) by express your opinion clearly in a topic sentence2) by giving relevant and accurate reasons or facts as evidence3) by showing statistical information4) by giving examples5) by giving quotations (not in this text) Writing Techniques1) Analogy : the

8、 comparison of two seemingly unlike things for the purpose of illustration. The comparison is possible because the two have something in common. (Para 4)Eg: Military strategy may bear some similarity to the chessboard. 2) Rhetorical Questions (Para 2)3) Selective Use of Repetition (Para 6)4) Frequen

9、t use of Statistical informationNew Words and Expressions1.get touch with2. amount to 3. under supervision/ under the supervision of4. lock away / lock up5. go down / go up6. afford7. give out8. the other way around9. declineNew Words and Expressions10. gain admission to / release / ones approval11.

10、 elite12. exclusive13. be soft / easy on sb.14. convict15. have charge of 16. dismiss17. select18. releaseNew Words and Expressions19. measure sth. against sth.20. a drop in the bucket21. work out to22. be faced withWordsget tough with : to become harsh / severe/ unyielding with eg: The school asked

11、 the police to get tough with the neighbourhood bullies who were constantly shaking the children down.据悉， 我国有关部门将在春节期间严厉惩办票贩子。It is reported that the authorities concerned will get touch with scalpers during the Spring Festival. Wordsamount to sth. ：to be equal to, in quantity or in meaning./ add up

12、 toEg: 1. The building cost of this tower will amount to four million dollars. 2. His father once said he would never amount to anything.(他决不会有什么出息。 Wordsunder ones supervision/ under the supervision of: under the control of Eg: The firms account is under the supervision of the director. What he sho

13、uld say and do is under the supervision of his family. Wordslock sb. away / lock up: (informal) to put sb. in prisoneg: He committed suicide when locked up.lock sth. away / up: put sth. in a safe place or fasten the lockeg: He locks all the spoils( 赃物 ) in a safe. Wordsgo up : rise / increase / asce

14、nd go down : fall/ decline/ decrease/ descendafford: (usu. used with can /be able to) to be able to do sth. without serious damage or loss,Wordseg: 1. afford to doI cant afford to take off two weeks from my work. 2. afford sth. I cant afford a two-week leave.3. afford sb. sth.: (fml.) provide sb. st

15、h. The job seems to afford her a peculiar satisfaction. His grandson afforded him his greatest pleasure in his old age. Wordsgive out : a. to announce publicly, to enforce (in the text)eg: 1) The radio has just given out the basketball results.2) The names of prize-winners were given out in the awar

16、ding ceremony.b. to hand out / distributeWordseg: When teachers give out the examination paper, everyone should keep quiet.c. come to an endeg: They had just reached home when the petrol gave out. The supplies are beginning to give out.Wordsdeter: 1) to deter sth. : to discourage, check or prevent s

17、th. through the threat of sth. unpleastant,eg: The University enforces severe punishment to deter cheating in exams. Harsh punishment didnt deter piracy. Words2) deter sb. from sth./doing sth.: to make sb. decide not to do sth. or continue doing sth. , esp. by making them understand the difficulties

18、 and unpleasant results of their actionseg: The high housing price doesnt deter people from buying houses. Such discrimination didnt deter women from seeking work. Wordsthe other way around: the opposite situationeg: I thought I could teach him a good lesson but it was the other way (a)round. He did

19、nt divorce his wife. It was the other way round. Wordsdecline: v. 1) vi. diminish, become smaller, weaker, fewer, etc. eg: Prices on the stock market declined.His health was declining.The nation declines as a world power.Words2) vi./vt. refuse ( sth. offered ) , usu. politely eg: The witness decline

20、d to answer any questions. She declined , naturally , to have anything to do with us.Wordsn. gradual and continuous loss of power , strength, etc.a decline in sth.eg: There has been a decline in real salary recently.fall/go into a declineeg: on the declineeg: Unemployment has been on the decline in

21、these areas. Wordsgain admission to / release / ones approvalelite: social group considered to be the best or most important because of their power, talent, wealth, etc. (often derog) eg: a small intellectual elite (attri.) best, top, select , considered to be the best of Wordseg: elite investment b

22、anker/ elite university/ elite training establishmentsexclusive : 1. sth. that is exclusive is 1.1 available only to people who are rich or who belong to a high social class. Eg: an exclusive residential districtWords1.2 used or owned by only one person or group, and not shared with anyone else. Eg:

23、 They have exclusive use of the meeting room.The real estate has exclusive right to sell the house. An exclusive agencyWords. If two things are mutually exclusive, they cant exist together. Eg: There is no reason why these two functions should be mutually exclusive. 3. exclusive of sth. : not includ

24、ing/ excluding eg: Sales, exclusive of this month, has amounted to one million dollars Wordsbe soft / easy on sb.(infml) to be less severe, to act or proceed with caution, eg: The management should be soft/easy on layoffs.(妥善对待 ).c.f. go easy on sb.: used to tell sb. not to punish or treat a person

25、too severelyeg: Go easy on these little children and let them enjoy themselves more. Go easy on her. After all , she isnt a professional player.Wordsgo easy on sth.: to avoid using too much of sth. eg: I suggested to him that he should go easy on publicity for a while. Go easy on the cake. There isn

26、t much left. Wordsconvict: v. (a jury or a judge ) declare in the law court that sb. is guilty of a crime. convict sb. of (a crime)eg: The fingerprints found on the gun was used to convict her of murder. He has been convicted of robbery Wordsa convicted murdererconvict: n. a person who is convicted

27、and is being punished in prison.conviction: n. Wordshave charge of : have responsibility for sth.eg: His mother died several years ago and he had charge of his younger sister when his father left home.In charge of / in the charge of / leave in charge of (交由某人管理)/ take charge of sth. (负责管理/照顾)Eg: He

28、will take charge of all arrangements.Wordsdismiss 1) (from) to refuse to consider (a subject or idea) seriously不考虑，轻率地说Eg: He just laughed, and dismissed the idea as impossible. 2) (from) to remove from a job解雇，使离职Eg: If you are late again youll be dismissed from your job.Words3) (from) to send away

29、 or allow to go（下课）让走掉，使散会Eg: The teacher dismissed the class early.4) (of a judge) to stop (a court case) before a result is reached. 律驳回，对不受理Eg: The judge dismissed all the charges against Smith. Wordsselect: adj. 1. carefully chosen, esp.as being the best out of a larger group eg: The book is a s

30、elect collection of poetry from various authors. 2. (of a society, club, gathering , etc) admitting only certain people; exclusive eg: Only a select few were invited to the party. She belongs to a very select club. Wordsrelease: release sb/sth. from sth. : to set sb./sth. freeeg: The convict was rel

31、eased from prison after serving a ten-year sentence. His suicide may release him from his deep remorse. to allow (news) to be made knowneg: No news will be released to the public until we give you the go-ahead.Wordsto make sth. available to the publiceg: Her new movie will be released next week.meas

32、ure sth. against sth.: to judge a person or sth. by comparing with another person or thing (weigh sth. against sth.)eg: Our production costs are high , when measured against the worlds advanced level.Words She always measures her performance against that of the best saleswoman in her company. a drop

33、 in the bucket: (AmE) / a drop in the ocean: an amount of sth. is too small to make any real difference, 沧海一粟eg: Every drop in the bucket helps. The money we have cant save him. It is just a drop in the bucket. Wordswork out to/at : to add up to/ to make a total amount of sth.eg: All the bills work

34、out to 500 yuan per month.His take-home pay works out at 200 a week.The total area of our campus works out to 1,000 acres.C.f. work out 设计；制定；安排；耗尽；解决；找到的答案；结果；发展 Wordseg. The research centre worked out a new plan and decided to carry it out immediately. That was the best solution they were able to

35、work out. He never seems to be worked out. They have worked out all the math problems by themselves. Things will work themselves out.Wordsbe faced with: If you are faced with sth., it si going to affect you and you have to deal with it. eg: We are faced with the burning threat of war Faced with the evidence , he could do nothing but confess.Face: v. He realized that he was facing a dilemma. WordsShe was prepared to face the consequences.She couldnt face up to the prospect of li