刘丽珍概要导学案

1、PAGE PAGE 7读写任务议论文的概要写作导学案学时：2 个学时学习目标： 1.能准确找出文章的主题句，弄清文章的结构和思路 2.用不同的形式改写主题句 3.用简练的语言写议论文的概要学习重难点： 1.判断文体，抓主题句 2.用自己的话写议论文的概要一.导入：2010年广东高考题（读文章，了解传说中的读写任务是什么。）阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。In junior high school, one of my classmates, Ethan, was addicted to TV. This boy simply knew everything about

2、 such pop shows as Whos the Boss?Then one day Ethans mother made him an offer in order to draw him back to his school subjects. She promised that she would give him $200 if he could go a full month without watching any TV. None of us thought Ethan could do it, but he did quit TV. His mom paid him $2

3、00. He went out and bought a TV, the biggest he could find.In recent years, hundreds of schools have carried out experiments with paying kids with cash for showing up or getting good grades. All school kids admire this trend. But it upsets adults. Teachers say that we are rewarding kids for doing wh

4、at they should be doing of their own will. Psychologists warn that money can actually make kids perform worse by making the act of learning cheap. The debate has become a typical battle over why our kids are not learning at the rate they should be despite decades of reforms and budget increases.写作内容

5、1.以约30词概括上文的主要内容。2.以约120词对用金钱鼓励孩子学习的现象进行议论，内容包括：(1)你对用金钱鼓励孩子学习的看法：(2)你的父母（或其他亲人）是如何鼓励你学习的；(3)你认为怎样才能更好地鼓励孩子学习 写作要求1.作文中可以使用亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子。2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。评分标准概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，语篇连贯。小结：读写任务（或任务型写作）：即先_ 后_（150词左右，满分25分，建议用时25分钟）.任务一： 读原材料，写概要（summary）30词左右，分值5分。任务二： 读要点，写主体部分120

6、词左右，分值20分。二议论文概要写作指导（2010年高考题）议论文分为纯议论文（如how to write a summary的学案上关于interest的文章），夹叙夹议型的说明性议论文（上文提到的2010年真题）。第1步：23分钟通读全文，定文体。文体：_文，共3段。事情/现象（第_段）+议论/结论（第_段）。第2步：快速划出关键词，句，概括段意（用时约2分钟）关键词，句: Ethan, addicted to TV, mother, draw back, promise, $200； hundreds of schools have carried out experiments wit

7、h paying kids with cash for showing up or getting good grades.Psychologists warn that money can actually make kids perform worse by making the act of learning cheap.第3步：整合信息打草稿（建议：可先用中文组织语言，再译成英语）用时约3分钟_学生习作：Ethan was addicted to TV. His mother pays him 200 to draw him back to study. Many school als

8、o paid kids with cash for their study. But psychologists warn that money can actually make kids perform worse by making the act of learning cheap.第4步: 重读草稿，分析（此过程用时约1分钟）要点是否齐全：_有没照抄原文：_时态有没问题：_语言是否连贯，简练:_反思：本文要点齐全，但_句照抄原文，而且前_句语言显得不够紧凑，_时态用错，需要适当地修改。第5步：在草稿上修改（用时约3分钟）第6步：工整清楚地誊写到答题卷上注意：概要写作一定要打草稿，前5

9、步可以在试卷和草稿纸上进行。（基础好的同学在第3，4, 5步这里可以节省一些时间。）参考范文：（The passage tells us） Ethans mother and many schools rewarded kids with cash to improve their performance and change their bad habits, such as their addiction to TV. However, psychologists point out it will cause negative consequences.三解题指导步骤：1）通读全文，划关

10、键词句2）根据关键词句，弄懂全文的结构与大意。3）打草稿4）检查要点及动词方法指导：读文章要快，不要纠结于个别词句，读完后问几个问题文体和时态是什么？文章出现频率最高的词是什么？（假如是INTEREST,建议采用这样的模板句：the article highlights the importance of developing our own interest）文章的主题句是什么? 不同文体概要写作的要点：议论文：论点（开门见山）+支撑句（主要论据） 现象+结论重点难点：寻找主题词，句和用自己的话改写。记叙文：经历+感受（原文是否有感受）说明文：说明的事物+主要性质特点注意：1.无特殊要求一般

11、用三人称写作（书信除外） 2. 不可照抄原文（可找出主题句，做适当改写）3.用概括性语言，去掉不必要的细节4.概要部分使用原材料的时态5.概要部分不能有考生个人观点（避免使用from the story we learn除非原文有）。四重难点突破：寻找主题句和改写主题句 1.改写句子：对主题句的改写可以使用简单句变从句，主动变被动，肯定被否定，非谓语结构，with结构，或者用其他的短语，单词来表达相同的意思。 改写下面句子。1.He did not come_2.He will always remember their kindness_3.This policy is very impor

12、tant_4.Travelling can broaden our views and give us different experience._5.How to get rid of poverty is a big problem _6.Students have a lot of homework to do, and they have no time to develop their interest.(至少改为3种不同形式)_参考答案He failed to come.Their kindness will be kept in his mind./ He will never

13、forget their kindness.3. This policy is of great importance 4. Not only can traveling widen our horizons/views but also enrich our experience.5. It is a big problem how we can get rid of poverty With a lot of homework to do, students are too busy to have time to cultivate their interest.Assigned so

14、much homework, students are too busy to get their interest developed.Burdened with piles of homework, students are too busy toStudents are assigned so much homework that they have no time available to concentrate on their interest.（方法指导：读参考答案，和同学讨论，分析采用什么形式改写原句的）2.寻找主题句When we meet with difficulties

15、 in life, we notice that some of us choose to bury heads in the sand. Unfortunately, however, this attitude will do you no good, because if you have no courage to face them, how can you conquer them? Thus, be optimistic; as it can give you confidence and help you see yourself through the hard times.

16、Keeping optimistic, you will be able to realize, in spite of some hardship, theres always hope waiting for you, which will lead you to the ultimate success. Thomas Edison is optimistic; if not, the light of hope in his heart could not give light to the whole world. Alfred Nobel is optimistic; if not

17、, the explosives and the Nobel Prize would not have come into being. A rose may be beautiful, or may be not. That depends on your attitude only. So does success, and so does life. Difficulties do exist, but if you are optimistic, then they are only episodes(插曲) on your long way to success; there are

18、 more bridges than obstacles（障碍）! The great British poet Shelleys lines say, “If winter comes, can spring be far behind?划出每段主题句.（2分钟）第一段：Thus, be optimistic; as it can give you confidence and help you see yourself through the hard times.第二段：Keeping optimisticwill lead you to success.第三段: Difficultie

19、s do exist, but if you are optimistic, then they are only episodes(插曲) on your long way to success.反思：主题句通常在文章段首，段中和句末，句首的比例达到50%-60%，并且注意一些标志词，如：therefore, as a result, but, however等。巩固练习：（加油，你一定行!）There are several factors affecting climate. One factor is the amount of sunlight received. The heigh

20、t above sea level also determines climate. The oceans have an effect on the climate of the land nearby. In addition, climate is influenced by the general circulation（循环） of the atmosphere.主题句：_.改写：_ _Summary:_参考答案：There are several factors affecting climate.1.Several factors affect/influence/are con

21、cerned with climate.2.Climate is affected/influenced by several factors.Summary: Several factors are concerned with climate, such as the amount of sunlight, the height above sea level, and the general circulation of the atmosphere.五实战练习: 10分钟内完成(Practice makes perfect!) There is a growing debate abo

22、ut the most effective way for students to study. Traditionally studying alone was thought to be the best way to ensure good exam results. When studying alone you can focus your mind better than when you are with others. You also have the freedom to choose what topic to study and when, as you dont ne

23、ed the agreement of others students that prefer to study alone often say that when they study with their classmates they waste a lot of time because the discussion is often about non-study topics such as television or holidays.In the last few years, however, more and more students have started study

24、ing in groups. There are several reasons many students prefer this method. First, they find that studying is more fun as they can share the experience with others rather than staying in their rooms. In groups, they can discuss the subject together and when something is not understood they can ask ea

25、ch other questions. They can use the knowledge of their classmates to help improve their own knowledge. Finally by discussing the topic they are able to both understand and remember it better.(194words)快速通读全文，定文体_（在原文中）划出主题词，句，概括每段大意 第一段： 第二段：打草稿并修改_六自我检测 Honesty is one of the most treasured traditi

26、onal values in China. The children are taught to be honest when they are very young. At schools the students are also instructed to be honest. However, with the development of society, we often hear complaints about dishonesty. Reports with the theme of dishonesty often appear in the media. For exam

27、ple, some people try to get rich and live a comfortable life. But they do not work hard honestly, instead they cheat others. They sell something quite ordinary at a very high price. Some peoples delaying paying back the loan can serve as another example. Some people, including some college students,

28、 get loan from the bank, and promise to pay within, say, 3 years. However, they dont do that. The dishonest people sometimes can get benefit from their behaviors. So some people assert that dishonesty can bring people benefit, while honesty only makes people suffer. Is that so? Definitely not. It is

29、 always true that honesty is the best policy. It pays to be honest. The cheater selling the treasure mentioned above will surely be disclosed and punished some day. On the contrary, if he had been honest, neither the buyer nor he himself would have suffered. The people who do not return money in tim

30、e will sooner or later become infamous, and will not get the money from others again. If he had acted differently, he would have earned respect and trust, meanwhile, the bank would not have suffered from loss. _参考范文：2010高考范文The passage tells us Ethans mother and many schools rewarded kids with cash

31、to improve their performance and change their bad habits, such as their addiction to TV. However, psychologists point out it will cause negative consequences.Personally, I dont agree on parents encouraging kids with cash because it will make them gradually lose their sense of responsibility. Study is what students should do, but if theyre paid money instead of knowledge. Moreover, theyre likely to use the money in an unr