六年级下册英语专题讲解：形容词和副词的比较级人教PEP版

1、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法：当两种物体之间相互比较时，我们要用形容词或副词的比较级；当相互比较的物体是三个或三个以上时，我们就要用形容词或副词的最高级。 形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的变化规律：1. 单音节形容词或副词后面直接加-er或-esttalltallertallest fastfasterfastest2. 以-e结尾的单音节形容词或副词直接加-r或-stlargelargerlargest nicenicernicest3. 以-y结尾的形容词或副词，改-y为-i再加-er或-estbusybusierbusiest earlyearlierearliest4. 形容词或副

2、词是重读闭音节时，双写最后的辅音字母，再加-er或-esthothotterhottest bigbiggerbiggest5. 多音节形容词或副词前面直接加more或mostdeliciousmore deliciousmost deliciousbeautifulmore beautifulmost beautiful6. 不规则变化good (well)betterbest bad (badly)worseworst常用的不规则变化的形容词的比较级和最高级: bad worse worstfar farther (further) farthest（只指距离）(furthest)（用处较

3、广）good better bestlittle less leastmanymuch more mostold elder ( older ) eldest（仅指人）(oldest)（指人和物）形容词前如加 less 和 least 则表示较不和最不 important 重要 less important 较不重要 least important 最不重要 fartherfarthest和furtherfurthest这些形式都可以指距离。further同样可以指“另外的更多的”，主要和抽象名词一起用：Further education will be meaningful很快会得到更多的供

4、应。Further discussion would be pointless继续讨论辩论是无意义的。I am too tired to go farther.elder，eldest；older，oldestelder和eldest主要表示的是长幼顺序而非年龄大小。主要用于表示家庭成员之间的长幼关系，如my elder brother（我的兄长哥哥），her eldest boygirl（她的长子长女）。但在than前不能用elder，只能用older：He is older than I am他比我年龄大。A、形容词的原级可与asas连用表示“和同样”，与not assoas连用表不“不如

5、那样”：A boy of sixteen is often as tall as his father一个16岁的男孩常长得和他父亲一样高。He was as white as a sheet他面色苍白如纸。Your coffee is not asso good as my mothers你煮的咖啡不如我母亲煮的好。 几个关于as.as的常见句型： (1)as.as possible 尽 可能 Please answer my question as soon as possible.请尽快回答我的问题。 (2)as.as usual/before 像往常一样 像以前一样 She looks

6、 as pretty as before.她看起来和以前一样漂亮。 (3)长达as long as. (引导条件状语从句) 只要 It took us as long as three years to carry out the plan.我们花了长达三年的时间才完成这项计划。 (4)as far as 远至 He walked as far as the railway station yesterday evening.昨天傍晚，他一直散步到火车站。 (5)as well as She cooks as well as her mother does.她烧菜烧得跟她母亲一样好。 一些带有

7、as.as结构的常见短语归纳： as busy as a bee像蜜蜂一样忙碌 as easy as ABC像ABC一样容易 as deep as a well像井一样深 as light as a feather像羽毛一样轻 as soft as butter像黄油一样软 as rich as a Jew像犹太人一样富裕形容词比较级的用法: 形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物的比较,其结构形式如下: 主语+谓语(系动词)+ 形容词比较级+than+ 对比成分。 也就是, 含有形容词比较级的主句+than+从句。注意从句常常省去意义上和主句相同的部分, 而只剩下对比的成分。 Our teacher

8、 is than we are. 我们老师的个子比我们的高。 It is today than it was yesterday. 今天的天气比昨天暖和。 This picture is than that one. 这张照片比那张照片漂亮。This meeting is than that one. 这次会议不如那次会议重要。 The sun is than the moon. 太阳比月亮大得多。形容词最高级的用法: 形容词最高级用于两个以上的人和物进行比较, 其结构形式为: 主语+谓语(系动词)+the+形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或从句。 She is student her cl

9、ass. 她是班上最好的学生。 Shanghai is one of cities China. 上海是中国最大城市之一This is apple I have ever met. 这是我见到的最大的苹果。 Tom is boy in his basketball team. 汤姆是他们篮球队中个子最高的孩子。 2“比较级 + and + 比较级”或“more and more +原级”表示“越来越”如：It becomes warmer and warmer when spring comes. 春天来了，天气变得越来越暖和了。It is getting cooler and cooler.

10、天气越来越凉爽。The wind became more and more heavily.风变得越来越大。Our school is becoming more and more beautiful. 我们的学校变得越来越美丽。3在含有or的选择疑问句中，如果有两者供选择，前面的形容词要用比较级形式。如：Who is taller,Tim or Tom? 谁更高，Tim还是Tom?4. “the +比较级, the+比较级”，表示“越越”。The more money you make, the more you spend.钱你赚得越多，花得越多。The harder you work,t

11、he more you get.The sooner，the better. 越快越好。5.如果在两者之间表示“最”时要在比较级前加the，而且还用of the two, of the pair短语： John is the cleverer of the two boys. Of the two boys, John is the cleverer6. 表示倍数的比较级用法： A is times as big /high/long/wide/large as B.如：Asia is four times as large as Europe.亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。(亚洲比欧洲大三倍). A

12、is times larger /higher/longer/wider than B.如：Our school is twice bigger than yours.我们学校比你们学校大两倍。7.形容词、副词的最高级形式主要用来表示三者或三者以上人或事物的比较，表示“最”的意思。句子中有表示范围的词或短语。如：of the three, in our class等等。如：He is the tallest in our class. 他在我们班里是最高的。8. 比较级与最高级的转换： Mike is the most intelligent in his class. Mike is mor

13、e intelligent than any other student in his class9.修饰比较级.a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, a great deal, any, still, even等。 very quite注意事项：比较等级应注意避免和包括自己的对象比。比较级+than+any other + 单数名词all the other + 复数名词anyone elseany of the other + 复数名词要避免重复使用比较级。 (错) He is more cleverer than his brother. (对) He is more clever than his brother. (对) He is cleverer than his brother. 9.要避免将主语含在比较对象中。 (错) China is larger