高中英语外研版高中选修7Module7Revision-非谓语动词使用三原则

1、非谓语动词使用三原则四川省三台县芦溪中学 邓子明教学内容非谓语动词教学目标如何使用非谓语动词教学重点非谓语动词的用法教学过程动词英语动词几乎可以做各种句子成分。作谓语时叫谓语动词。作主语、宾语、宾补、表语、定语和状语时叫非谓语动词。也就是说，英语动词既可以做谓语，也可以做非谓语。做不同成分时形式不一样。谓语动词有谓语动词的形式，非谓语有非谓语的形式。谓语动词做谓语的动词就是谓语动词。谓语动词有时态和语态的变化，还要考虑主谓一致。非谓语动词作主语、宾语、宾补、表语、定语和状语（就是除了谓语外）的动词形式就是非谓语。非谓语动词的形式有：(1)动词不定式主动被动一般to doto be done进行

2、to be doing完成to have doneto have been done高考的语法填空和改错主要考一般式(to do)。一般式(to do)主要作目的状语和用于动词句型中。(2) -ing形式主动被动进行或一般doingbeing done完成having donehaving been done高考的语法填空和改错主要考一般式(doing)。一般式具有主动、伴随、进行或一般等意义。用作主语、宾语、状语（表示结果、伴随、时间等）。或用在动词句型中。其中interest类动词考得较多。(3) -ed形式(-ed分词，过去分词)done-ed形式就只有一种，一般表示被动或完成。主要用作

3、状语和定语。其中interest类动词考得较多。注意，过去分词有规则的变化(-ed)和不规则的变化。为了方便，我们都把它们叫-ed形式。非谓语动词的用法非谓语动词可以从时间关系、主被动关系和动词句型(包括名词句型、形容词句型、介词等)来考虑。时间关系、主被动关系主要需要理解。各种句型主要靠背诵。1. 时间关系三种非谓语动词发生的时间与谓语动词发生的时间有不同的先后关系。也就是把谓语动词发生的时间作为参照物，看看非谓语动词是发生在谓语动词之前、之后，还是同时to do:在作目的状语的时候，发生在谓语动词之后。doing:作时间、伴随、原因等状语时，与谓语动作同时或几乎同时发生。作结果状语时，在谓

4、语动作后面发生。作定语、主语或宾语时，时间上比较宽泛，大多表示一般的情况。done:主要做定语和状语。一般在谓语以前发生。填空练习 (go) to a good university, everyone made the most of their days.With his work (do), he felt relaxed.With his work (do), he couldnt have a free weekend.With Ms Chen (teach) us, I am more and more interested in English classes.With thre

5、e rivers (run) through the city, wherever you go, you hear the sound of rushing water.He never went out in daylight, (fear) that the police would recognize him. (see) nobody at home, she decided to leave them a note.The snow lasted a week, (result) in a serious traffic confusion in the whole area. (

6、fall) trees, (break) windows and rubbish were everywhere.Dont park your car in the place (belong) to others.2. 主被动关系在句子中，与非谓语动词有关的名词(或代词)叫非谓语动词的逻辑主语。逻辑主语与非谓语动词一般具有主动或者被动的关系。逻辑主语的识别方式。根据非谓语动词所作句子成分来判断：(1) 作状语、表语和宾语，逻辑主语是句子的主语。(2) 作定语，逻辑主语是被修饰语。(3) 作宾补，逻辑主语是宾语。非谓语动词与逻辑主语是主动关系时，一般用-ing形式(doing)被动关系时一般用

7、-ed形式(done)填空练习SEQ AutoNum441456920 * MERGEFORMAT 1 (see) from the tallest building, the whole city looks very beautiful. (see) Luxi Middle school, youll wonder how theyve made it as a country school.The report was so (inspire) that the audience were all (encourage).The little girl wants (take) to t

8、he park, but her mother wants (take) her to shops.The (speak) English in this book is useful. It can be used in non-English (speak) countries.Many people tend to buy products (make) by big companies, (think) they are more reliable.She doesnt want anybody (know) she is here, so she avoids (see) anywh

9、ere.There was so much noise that the speaker had to shout to make himself (hear).However loud he was, the speaker could not make others (hear) him.3. 非谓语动词句型很多时候，非谓语动词的形式是由固定结构决定。这种固定结构我们简称为非谓语动词句型。这些句型主要涉及动词句型、名词句型、形容词句型和介词(SEQ AutoNum441451004 * MERGEFORMAT 1) 形容词句型。很多形容词一般跟不定式，如:easy/difficult/ha

10、ppy/sorry/surprised to do sth(个别跟ing形式如be busy doing)(SEQ AutoNum441451004 * MERGEFORMAT 2) 名词句型。有一些名词专跟不定式，如:the ability/chance/opportunity/way/urge to do(SEQ AutoNum441451004 * MERGEFORMAT 3) 介词、疑问词、序数词介词+doing, 如for coming, by riding, on arriving at home疑问词+to do，如what to do, how to do it, which

11、to choose, where to go序数词+to do，如the first /second /third /last /only one/person to leave(SEQ AutoNum441451004 * MERGEFORMAT 4) 连词+非谓语，一般跟ing 形式或ed形式，如while working , when asked (SEQ AutoNum441451004 * MERGEFORMAT 5) 一些常用句型，如It takes sb sth to do sth. It is useless/no use doing sth.(SEQ AutoNum44145

12、1004 * MERGEFORMAT 6) 动词句型可以说这是最重要的。英语语言具有庞大的动词句型系统。动词句型主要是非谓语动词作宾语和宾语补语的固定句型（详见后面的专题“动词句型”）。例如：宾语句型：want/decide/refuse to doavoid/escape/admit/imagine doing宾语补语句型：ask/encourage sb to dosee sb do / doinglet/make sb dohave/get sth done,填空练习The coach told her that at 165cm she would probably never pla

13、y for a top team, so she should stop (dream) about it.He doesnt allow (smoke). Especially he doesnt allow children (smoke).Anna taught the campers (catch) fish so that they could have more food to eat.Both green and black teas are said (to be) effective for (prevent) many deadly diseases.We all look

14、 forward to (sit) in a university classroom.Could you give me some advice on how (use) English grammar properly?When he heard these words, Jim panicked and ran to the raft. But though (frighten), I also felt very curious, so I put my head round the door.Afternoon tea in England is a good opportunity

15、 for people (socialize) or (discuss) business matters.We have the ability (think). So use it!A long time ago, Australians needed a way (travel) to the middle of the country.I am very glad (learn) that you will come to China to learn Chinese.You may find it difficult (get) close to her. In fact, she

16、is pleasant (stay) with.How long does it usualy take you (go) home by car?英语常用动词句型非谓语动词作宾语1. 跟动词不定式的常用动词，如 want to do somethingwant hope wish long decide refuse promise afford manage plan expect pretend determine need aim agree desire prepare choose demand fail offer arrange threaten decline; would

17、like2. 跟-ing形式的常用动词，如 avoid doing something顺口溜：avoid, miss, delay/put off避免错过少延期suggest/advise, finish, practice建议完成多练习enjoy, imagine, cant help喜欢想象禁不住admit, deny, envy承认否定与妒忌escape, risk, excuse逃避冒险莫原谅stand, keep, mind忍受保持不介意其它 include, involve, consider, dislike, resist, give up, feel like, burst

18、out3. 两种都可以跟的常用动词，如 like to do something, like doing something两种意思差不多：like love prefer hate learn start begin continue attempt intend; cant bear意思不一样：stop remember forget regret mean try deserve; go on非谓语动词作宾语补语1. 不定式做宾补的常用动词，如 ask sb to do sthask tell order request beg allow permit forbid advise recommend encourage expect invite want warn remind