2022年四川省成都石室中学高一下学期期中考试英语试题

1、2021-2022学年四川省成都石室中学高一下学期期中考试英语试题满分150分 考试时间：120分钟第I卷第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。ASummer readingFinding Junie Kimby Ellen OhMiddle schooler Junie Kim is facing bullying(t凌)at school, but she keeps quiet. Then, for a school project, Junie interviews he

2、r grandparents, who grew up in Korea during wartime in the 1950s. In their story of struggle, Junie finds the courage to speak up. The book will encourage any kid who has ever been in Junies shoes. Simon B. Rhyminby Duayne ReedSimon is starting fifth grade and wants everyone to call him Notorious D.

3、 O. G because he wants to be a famous rapper(说唱歌手). But hes shy about using his voice to express his thoughts. When a teacher asks the class to give a talk, Simon must face his fears. Simon B. Rhymin is a great book that will give confidence to readers who are going through similar struggles. A Shot

4、 in the Arm! by Don BrownA shot in the arm! is a novel about the history of vaccines. Readers learn how vaccines have been used throughout history to fight disease. The author also introduces people around the world who helped with the development of vaccines. A shot in the arm! is an exciting read

5、that employs colorful drawings to pull the reader in. The One Thing Youd Saveby Linda Sue ParkIf your house were on fire, what one thing would you save? Writer Linda Sue Park explores different answers to this question in poems that show the different voices of a middle school class. Some choose bas

6、eball cards or toy animals. One picks a sweater that was passed down for generations. The book is illustrated with black-and-white art. Readers of all ages will like this book. It helps you realize what matters most.1. What problem does Simon have?A. He is bullied at school.B. He dislikes doing his

7、homework.C. He delays receiving vaccinesD. He is afraid of conveying his thoughts.2. Which book will you choose if youre interested in history or science?A. Finding Junie KimB. Simon B. Rhymin.C. A Shot in the Arm!D. The One Thing Youd Save3. What do we know about The One Thing Youd Save?A. It is fo

8、r teenage readersB. It is written in poem form.C. It has many colorful picturesD. It helps you to fight discase.【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍4本适合暑假阅读的书籍。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Simon B. Rhymin部分“But hes shy about using his voice to express his thoughts.”(但是，他很害羞而不敢用他的声音表达他的想法。)可知，Simon的问题是，他不敢用他的声音表

9、达他的想法。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据A Shot in the Arm! 部分 “A shot in the arm! is a novel about the history of vaccines.”(A shot in the arm! 是一本关于疫苗历史的小说。)可知，在这本小说里可以读到有关历史和科学的东西。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据The One Thing Youd Save部分“Writer Linda Sue Park explores different answers to this question in poems that show the d

10、ifferent voices of a middle school class.”(作家对这一问题探索到了不同的答案写在了诗歌里来表明一个中学班级里的不同的看法。)可知，The One Thing Youd Save是以诗歌的形式写的。故选B。BBy the time she turned 18, Khadijah Williams had attended twelve schools. She had lived in shelters, in parks, and in motels, never in a permanent residence for more than a few

11、 months. She had been laughed at and looked down upon by students at a dozen schools who thought of her as “different”.Homeless since early childhood, Khadijah struggled all her life to hide her circumstances from teachers and fellow students. However, academic achievement proved to be a way for her

12、 to find confidence in herself again. For instance, at the age of 9, she placed in the 99th percentile on a state exam, and her teacher told her she was “gifted”. From that moment forward, Khadijah decided to do whatever it took to keep herself in that category. “I was so proud of being smart. I oft

13、en heard my fellow students say, You got the easy way out because youre homeless,” she told The LA Times. “But I never saw it as an excuse about living a less successful life.”By the second year of high school, she realized that she could not succeed in getting the education she dreamed of without g

14、etting help to go beyond what her current school could offer. She talked to teachers and advisers who helped her apply for summer community college classes, scholarships, and enrichment programs. And in the 11th grade, when she enrolled at Jefferson High School, she decided to complete the rest of h

15、er school career therea decision that meant taking a bus each morning at 4 a.m. and not getting home until 11 p.m.Heres the end of the storywhen Khadijah poured the story of her life into her Harvard University college application, she was accepted.4. What makes Khadijah confident in herself?A. Her

16、different personality.B. Her ability to live well alone.C. Her excellent performance in study.D. Her fellow students encouragement.5. What do many students think of Khadijahs being homeless?A. Its a really pitiful circumstance.B. It makes her more strong-minded.C. It offers her more ways to succeed.

17、D. Its an excuse about working less hard.6. What did Khadijahs teachers and advisers help her do?A. Pass a college entrance exam.B. Apply for more advanced education.C. Make a decision to complete high school.D. Become a top student in her current school.7. Which of the following can be a suitable t

18、itle for the text?A. Twelve Schools Make a Successful StudentB. Being Different Means Having More ChancesC. Khadijah Williams: From Shelters to HarvardD. Khadijah Williams: Inspiration to Homeless People【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了自幼无家可归的Khadijah Williams辗转多所学校，饱受同学的嘲笑和轻视，最终在个人的努力和老师

19、的帮助下成功考入哈佛大学的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“However, academic achievement proved to be a way for her to find confidence in herself again.(然而，学习成绩证明是她重新找回自信的一种方式)”可知，在学习上的出色表现让Khadijah对自己充满信心。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“I was so proud of being smart. I often heard my fellow students say, You got the easy way out b

20、ecause youre homeless,” she told The LA Times. “But I never saw it as an excuse about living a less successful life.”(“我为自己的聪明感到骄傲。我经常听到我的同学们说，你能这么简单做到，是因为你无家可归，”她告诉洛杉矶时报，“但我从来没有把它当作过不那么成功生活的借口。”)”可知，许多学生认为Khadijah无家可归是学习不需要那么努力的借口。故选D。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“She talked to teachers and advisers who helpe

21、d her apply for summer community college classes, scholarships, and enrichment programs.(她与帮助她申请暑期社区大学课程、奖学金和充实计划的老师和顾问进行了交谈)”可知，Khadijah的老师和顾问帮助她申请更高级的教育。故选B。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“By the time she turned 18, Khadijah Williams had attended twelve schools. She had lived in shelters, in parks, and in motel

22、s, never in a permanent residence for more than a few months. She had been laughed at and looked down upon by students at a dozen schools who thought of her as “different”.(到18岁时，Khadijah Williams已经上了12所学校。她住过收容所、公园和汽车旅馆，从来没有住过几个月以上的固定住所。她曾被十几所学校的学生嘲笑和看不起，他们认为她“与众不同”)”以及最后一段“Heres the end of the sto

23、rywhen Khadijah poured the story of her life into her Harvard University college application, she was accepted. (这就是故事的结局当Khadijah把她的生活经历倾注到她的哈佛大学申请中时，她被录取了)”结合本文讲述了自幼无家可归的Khadijah Williams辗转多所学校，饱受同学的嘲笑和轻视，最终在个人的努力和老师的帮助下成功考入哈佛大学的故事，C选项“Khadijah Williams：从收容所到哈佛”最符合文章标题。故选C。CA study by the British

24、government has discovered the mental well-being of the countrys teenage girls has worsened. The survey, which included 30. 000 14-year-old students in 2014 and 2021, showed 37 percent of girls with psychological stress, up from 34 percent in 2014. British boys stress level was actually seen to fall

25、over the same time period, from 17 percent to 15 percent. The reports authors pointed out the “appearance of the social media age” could be a major contributing factor for increasing stress among teenage British girls. “The adolescent years are a time of rapid physical, cognitive（认知）and emotional de

26、velopment,” Pam Ramsden, a lecturer in psychology at the University of Bradford in the United Kingdom, wrote in a blog post. “Teenagers interact with people in order to learn how to become competent adults. In the past, they would engage with parents, teachers and other adults in their community as

27、well as extended family members and friends. Now we can also add social media to that list of social and emotional development.”Throughout adolescence girls and boys develop characteristics like confidence and self-control .Since teenage brains have not completely developed, teens dont have the cogn

28、itive awareness and impulse control to keep from posting inappropriate content. Furthermore, this content can easily be circulated far and wide with disastrous implications. “Social media can also feed into girls insecurities about their appearance,” Ramsden said. “These sites are often filled with

29、images of people with body type unattainable to the normal person. However, these images and the messages tied to them gradually grow into some widely-accepted social standards.”“Social media allows girls to make comparisons among friends as well as celebrities and then provides them with solutions

30、such as extreme dieting tips and workouts to reach their goals,” Ramsden said. “Concerns about body image can negatively impact their quality of life preventing them from having healthy relationships and taking up time that could be better spent developing other aspects of their personalities.”8. Ho

31、w does Ramsden show the negative impact of social media on teenagers?A. By making experiments.B. By raising a question.C. By making comparisons.D. By analyzing cause and effect.9. What is Ramsdens attitude toward the images with fine body shape?A. Supportive.B. Indifferent.C. Critical.D. Concerned10

32、. The underlined word “circulated” probably means “_”.A. spreadB. promotedC. maintainedD. advertised11. According to the text, the author may agree that teenagers in BritainA. have already rid themselves of the destructive effects of social media.B. cant tell the right from the wrong for their lack

33、of cognitive awareness.C. are extremely concerned about their body image due to some unwritten social rules.D. should adopt the most efficient and popular approaches posted online by celebrities【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。英国政府一项研究发现，英国女生的心理健康变得越来越糟。分析明确社交媒体时代的出现是英国女生心理压力加大的主要因素。【8题详解】推

34、理判断题。通读全文可知，文章第一、二段分析了社交媒体对女生的影响造成的结果：女生的心理压力比男生大，心理越来越不健康；第三到六段详细说明了社交媒体对女生造成影响的表现、缘由。据此可知，本文是通过分析影响的起因和影响的结果来告诉我们社交媒体对女生产生的负面影响。故选D项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Concerns about body image can negatively impact their quality of life preventing them from having healthy relationships and taking up time tha

35、t could be better spent developing other aspects of their personalities.(对身体形象的担忧会对他们的生活质量产生负面影响，使他们无法拥有健康的人际关系，并占用了本可以更好地发展个性其他方面的时间。)”可知，Ramsden对关注身材是持批评态度的。故选C项。【10题详解】词义猜测题。根据第四段“teens dont have the cognitive awareness and impulse control to keep from posting inappropriate content.(青少年没有认知意识和能力控

36、制来防止发布不合适的内容。)”可知，青少年没有认知意识和冲动控制来防止发布不合适的内容，由此推断，这些内容很容易被广泛传播，产生灾难性的影响。circulated是“传播”的意思。故选A项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“teens dont have the cognitive awareness and impulse control to keep from posting inappropriate content.(青少年没有认知意识和能力控制来防止发布不合适的内容。)根据最后一段“Social media allows girls to make comparisons am

37、ong friends as well as celebrities and then provides them with solutions such as extreme dieting tips and workouts to reach their goals, Ramsden said. Concerns about body image can negatively impact their quality of life preventing them from having healthy relationships and taking up time that could

38、 be better spent developing other aspects of their personalities.(社交媒体让女孩们可以在朋友和名人之间进行比较，然后为她们提供一些解决方案，比如极端节食技巧和锻炼来达到她们的目标。对身体形象的担忧会对他们的生活质量产生负面影响，使他们无法拥有健康的人际关系，并占用了本可以更好地发展个性其他方面的时间。)”可知，社交媒体为青少年提供一些错误的解决方案，对他们的生活产生负面影响。B选项“cant tell the right from the wrong for their lack of cognitive awareness.(

39、由于缺乏认知意识，无法分辨是非。)”符合文意。故选B项。DWe use what is known as inner speech, where we talk to ourselves, to evaluate situations and make decisions. Now, a robot has been trained to speak aloud its inner decision-making process, giving us a view of how it responds to contradictory demands. Arianna Pipitone and

40、 Antonio Chella at the University of Palermo, Italy, programmed a humanoid robot named Pepper, with software that models human cognitive processes, which allowed Pepper to search for. relevant information from its memory and find the correct way to act based on human commands, as well as a text-to s

41、peech processor. It allowed Pepper to voice its decision-making process while completing a task, “With inner speech, we can better understand what the robot wants to do and what its plan is,” says Chella. The researchers asked Pepper to set a dinner table according to etiquette(礼仪) rules they had pr

42、ogrammed into the robot. Inner speech was either enabled or disabled to see how it affected Peppers ability to do what was instructed. When instructed to place a napkin on a fork with its inner speech coabled, Pepper asked itself what the etiquette required and concluded that this request went again

43、st the rules it had been given. It then asked the researchers if putting the napkin on the fork was the correet action. When told it was, Pepper said “OK, I prefer to follow your desire,” and explained how it was going to place the napkin on the fork. When asked to do the same task with inner speech

44、 disabled, Pepper knew this contradicted etiquette rules, so it didnt perform the task or explain why. With the potential for robots to become more common in the future, this type of programming could help the public understand their abilities and limitations, says Sarah Sebo at the University of Ch

45、icago. “It maintains peoples trust and enables cooperation and interactions between humans and robots,” she says. However, this experiment only used a single human participant, says Sebo. “Its unclear how their approach would compare across a wide range of human participants,” she says.12. Why does

46、the author mention how people make decisions in the first paragraph?A. To introduce the topic.B. To provide background information.C. To give an example.D. To arouse readers interest.13. How did Pepper react to the contradictory instruction with its inner speech enabled?A. It failed to complete the

47、task.B. It obeyed the etiquette rules.C. It made a random decision.D. It communicated with the researchers.14. What did Sarah Sebo think of the research?A. It was creative but worthless in daily life.B. It was a meaningful try but the result was a failure.C. It was inspiring but needed further evide

48、nce.D. It was perfectly designed but poorly performed.15. Which of the following is the best title for the text?A. Robot Taught To Be Polite To Humans as ProgrammedB. Robot Able To Explain Its Decision-making ProcessC. Robot Making Decisions Faces Great ChallengesD. Robot-Human Communication: Soon t

49、o Be Realized 【答案】12. A 13. D 14. C 15. B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了有关机器人的一项实验，目的是让其经过训练，可以大声说出自己的内心决策过程。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“We use what is known as inner speech, where we talk to ourselves, to evaluate situations and make decisions. Now, a robot has been trained to speak aloud its inner decision-making

50、process, giving us a view of how it responds to contradictory demands.(我们使用所谓的内心对话，即我们对自己说话，来评估情况并做出决定。现在，一种机器人已经经过训练，可以大声说出自己的内心决策过程，让我们看到它是如何应对相互矛盾的需求的。)”结合下文有关机器人经过训练，可以大声说出自己的内心决策过程的实验可推知，第一段提到人们通过内心活动做出决策是为了引出这一话题。故选A项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“When instructed to place a napkin on a fork with its inne

51、r speech enabled, Pepper asked itself what the etiquette required and concluded that this request went against the rules it had been given. It then asked the researchers if putting the napkin on the fork was the correct action.(当被要求在开启内心语言的情况下把餐巾放在叉子上时，Pepper问自己礼仪要求是什么，然后得出的结论是，这个要求违反了给它的规则。然后它会询问研究

52、人员把餐巾放在叉子上是否是正确的行为。)”可知，机器人Pepper的内心语言被激活后，它面对矛盾的指令会和研究人员进行交流，询问该行为是否正确。故选D项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“With the potential for robots to become more common in the future, this type of programming could help the public understand their abilities and limitations, says Sarah Sebo at the University of Chicago

53、. It maintains peoples trust and enables cooperation and interactions between humans and robots,she says.(芝加哥大学的Sarah Sebo表示，随着机器人在未来变得越来越普遍，这种类型的编程可以帮助公众了解它们的能力和局限性。她说：“它保持了人们的信任，并使人类和机器人之间的合作和互动成为可能。”Sebo说。)”可知，Sarah Sebo认为对机器人的这种编程虽然有助于人类和机器人之间的互动，但是这个实验只使用了一个人类参与者，没有证据表明如何在广泛的人类参与者中进行比较。所以从她的表述可

54、以推断她认为这项研究很鼓舞人心，但还需要进一步的研究和证实。故选C项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Now, a robot has been trained to speak aloud its inner decision-making process, giving us a view of how it responds to contradictory demands.(现在，一种机器人已经经过训练，可以大声说出自己的内心决策过程，让我们看到它是如何应对相互矛盾的需求的。)”以及下文内容可知，文章主要讲述了有关机器人的一项实验研究，目的是让机器人经过训练，可以大声说出自己的内

55、心决策过程。所以B项“Robot Able To Explain Its Decision-making Process(机器人能够解释它的决定过程。)”概括文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选B项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Is there a link between social media and depression? Do social media have a negative impact on your mental health? Its complicated.In a rece

56、nt study, the investigators compared social media use and depression between teens._16_Specifically, for every hour per day that one teen spent on social media more than her peers, she likely had a 0.64 point higher depression score.A different study published in 2018 identified five distinct types

57、of social media users. The finding was that problematic social media use was one of the main themes for people whose mental health was affected by social media. You can have alcohol in your life without it being a problem, or your alcohol use may become problematic. _17_Theres one important thing to

58、 remember about survey research just because two things happen together, its not necessarily true that one causes the other. _18_For all we know, it could be that people who are already more depressed choose to spend more time on social media._19_If you think that we shouldnt paint social media with

59、 one broad brush, youre on the right track. On the one hand, participants often described social media as a valuable way to cope with stress. On the other hand, cyberbullying via social media was also a common experience for participants. Some also said that constantly checking their own social medi

60、a profile was stressful.Its certainly possible that experiences like cyberbullying, comparing yourself to idealized images, and constantly monitoring your profile, are bad for your mood. Its also true for many that social media offer community support and positive messages. Given the inconclusive re