2022年高考英语语法知识点虚拟语气

1、2022 高考英语语法知识点：虚拟语气学习过程太零碎，不系统。分不清什么时候使用，怎么使用。一些固定用法记不住。解决方法：虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特别形式来表示。由于虚拟语气表达的是与 事实相反的行为状态，其谓语动词的变化不同于陈述语气，这也是大家感 到困惑和简单出错的地方。做此类题目时，关键要快速发觉解题信息词， 确定虚拟语气类型，然后按各类虚拟语气的特定表达方式确定动词的形式。用法讲解：虚拟语气表示说的话不是事实，或者是不行能发生的状况，而仅是一种愿望、建议或者与事实相反的假设等。一般常用于正式的书面语中。条件从句中的虚拟语气虚拟状况条件从句谓语形式主句谓语形式典型例句与现在的事实相反did

2、/werewould doI would ask George to lend us the money if I knew him. ? ? 与过去事实相反had donewould have doneIf Bob had come with us, he would have had a good time. ? ? 与将来事实相反did/were would doWe would stay at home if it should rain tomorrow.If I were to do the examination I would do it some other way. wer

3、e to doshould do 混合虚拟从句与过去事实相反主句与现在事实相反had donewould doIt is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I had not fallen in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda CoxLibrary in my hometown. (2002 上海) 含蓄虚拟条件句有时假设的状况并不以条件从句表示出来，而是通过一个介词短语或其他方式表示。通常的词或短语有：without“假如没有“, but for “要不是“, b

4、ut that, otherwise, or, but 等。He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he would have scored a goal. (2001 上海春季)But for my classmates help, I would not have finished the work in time. (2004 三级题)Without heat and sunlight, plants on the earth would not grow well. ( 2004 三级题)留意：在虚拟条件

5、句中，若有动词 were, should 或had(+过去分词)， 可以省略if，且把这三个词放在主句之前，变成倒装句。如：What would have happened, had Bob walked farther, as far as the riverbank? (2001 上海)Had I realized you were busy, I wouldn”t have bothered you with my questions. (1996 三级题)Had the weather been good, the children could have gone out for a

6、walk. (2001 三级题)Had he taken the advice of his friends, he would not havesuffered such a heavy loss in his business. (2004 三级题)宾语从句中的虚拟语气动词虚拟状况宾语从句谓语形式典型例句wish与将来事实相反would doI wish I would go to the Mars one day. 与现在的事实相反did/wereHow I wish every family had a large house with a beautiful garden. (200

7、2 上海春季)与过去事实相反had donePeter wishes that he had studied law instead of literature when he was in college. (2000 三级题)would rather与将来或现在事实相反did /were Do you mind if I keep pets in this building?- Id rather you didnt, actually. (2000 上海) 命令order , command要求request, demand, insist建议suggest, propose, reco

8、mmend, advise should do (should 可以省略)Who do you suggest be sent to work there? (2002 上海) had hoped“原来想要，原来盼望”would doneI had hoped that she would go to the U.S. and study there, but she said she liked to stay in China.留意：表命令、恳求、建议的词order; request, demand, insist; suggest, propose, recommend, advise其表语从句、同位语从句、主语从句的谓语动词都要用should do 的形式，should 可以省略。但当 insist 表示 “坚持说”, suggest 表示 “示意,说明”时,不用虚拟语气。The general”s command was that the soldiers leave their fort and carry out more important tasks. (表语从句, 省略should, 2002 三级题)Her suggestion that everybody sing a song was not a