高考英语人教版选修7Unit1《Living well》知识与要点

1、话题Disability；Life of disabled people(残疾；残疾人的生活)功能Wishes and congratulations(祝愿和祝贺)语法Revise the Infinitive(复习动词不定式)重点单词disability，disabled，ambition，beneficial，clumsy，adapt，suitable，annoy，annoyed，conduct，companion，resign，congratulate，access，accessible，adequate，dignity，approval重点短语in other words，cross

2、out，adapt to，out of breath，all in all，sit around，as well as，in many ways，make fun of，never mind，all the best，meet with重点句型1.I used to climb trees，swim and play football.2Every time I returned after an absence，I felt stupid because I was behind the others.3As well as going to the movies and football

3、matches with my friends，I spend a lot of time with my pets.4Just accept them for who they are，and give them encouragement to live as rich and full a life as you do.5I read in the newspaper today that you are to be the architect for the new Bankstown cinema.1disability n伤残；无力；无能归纳拓展与disability有关的词汇：(

4、1)able adj.有能力的；能够的；能干的ability n能力；能耐；本领(2)unable adj.不能的indisability n无能(3)disable vt.使丧失能力；使残疾；使不能正常运转disabled adj.有残疾的；丧失能力的the disabled残疾人；伤残者She manages to lead a normal life in spite of her disabilities.尽管身有残疾，她仍然努力像正常人一样生活。Our ability to think and speak separates us from other mammals.思维和说话的能

5、力使我们有别于其他哺乳动物。His disability prevents him from doing the job.他的残疾使他无法做这项工作。The burglars gained entry to the building after disabling the alarm.窃贼破坏报警器后便得以进入大楼。【链接训练】As his disease has _ him，Hawking has to sit in his wheelchair and speak through a computer.Adisabled Bunabled Cabled Denable【解析】句意为：因为他

6、的病使他致残，霍金不得不坐在轮椅上并且通过计算机来演讲。disable v“使丧失能力，使伤残”，符合题意。unable和able都是形容词，后可接带to的不定式，用在此处不正确；enable v“使能够，使可能”，与题意不符，故被排除。【答案】A2adapt vt.&vi.(使)适应，(使)适合；改编；改造，改装归纳拓展(1)adapt (oneself) to.使自己适应或习惯于(其中to是介词)adapt.to.使某物适应、适合adapt sth.for sth.把改编成adapt.from.根据改编归纳拓展(2)adaptable adj.适应性强的；可修改的adaption n改编；

7、适应，改写本(3)adapted adj.适合的；改编的be adapted from根据改编，改写be adapted for.为改编/写；被改编成诱导展望adapt 与 adopt 仅有一个字母之差，要注意它们含义的区别：adapt vt. 使适应；改编adopt vt. 采用，采纳；收养；正式通过We have had to adapt quickly to the new system.我们不得不很快适应新制度。Most of these tools have been specially adapted for use by disabled people.这些工具多数已经过特别改装

8、，供残疾人使用。Some animals can adapt themselves to the change of climate quickly.有些动物可以很快适应气候的变化。The play is adapted from a short story.该剧由一篇短篇故事改编而来。【链接训练】The world will be different，and we will have to be prepared to _ the change.Aadapt to Badopt to Capply to Ddevote to【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意为：这个世界将会与众不同，我们不得不准

9、备好去适应这种变化。adapt to“使适应”；add to“增加”；apply to“适用于”；devote to“奉献”，故符合题意的只有A项。【答案】AThe speaker was _ girl and she _ her speech to the interest of the children.Aadaptable；adapted Ban adaptable；adaptedCadaptable；adapt Dan adaptation；adapted【解析】此处用adaptable修饰girl，意为“适应性强的”；后面应用adapt.to.“使适应/迎合”。后半句句意为：她使自己

10、的演讲迎合了孩子们的兴趣。【答案】B(3)annoyance n恼怒，烦恼，烦扰，不高兴；烦恼的事情annoying adj.使人不高兴的，恼人的，使烦恼的annoyed adj.恼怒的；烦恼的It really annoys me when you dont listen to what Im saying.你不听我说话真的让我很生气。I was annoyed with myself for giving in so easily.我气我自己那么轻易就让步了。Everyone is annoyed by the amount of traffic in the city.大家都为城市拥挤的

11、交通感到烦恼。同类辨析annoy，bother，disturb与trouble(1)annoy指由于干扰、不顺利或受不了某种外界情况等而“烦恼，懊恼”，多指一时的打扰或恼怒。(2)bother指不停地“扰乱，麻烦”，使人不能安宁而产生烦恼的心理。(3)disturb较正式用语，多用于被动语态。指扰乱，使人不能平静或妨碍别人工作、思维或正常秩序，是程度较深的烦恼。(4)trouble指给人在行动上带来不便或在身心上造成痛苦。Im annoyed that he didnt show up when he said he would come.他说好要来却没来，这令我很生气。Pardon me f

12、or bothering you with such a small matter.请原谅我为这点小事麻烦你。If you get up early，try not to disturb someone else.你如果起得早，尽量不要打扰别人。The problem has been bothering me for weeks.那个问题已经困扰了我好几个星期。【链接训练】The kids wouldnt stop talking，and I was beginning to get _ with them.Aannoying BannoyedCto annoy Dannoy【解析】get

13、annoyed“变得恼火”。句意为：孩子们不停地说话，我对他们开始有点恼火了。【答案】BShe was _ that he had not answered her letter.Abothered BinterruptedCinterfered Dannoyed【解析】annoy 意为“使烦恼”；bother 意为“打扰，使人不安宁”，重在指“不断”；interrupt 意为“打断”，指在谈话或做事过程中被打断；interfere“干涉，妨碍”。句意为：她因为他未回信而感到烦恼。【答案】D4conduct vt.引导，指导，指挥，实施，管理，传导nU行为，品行；指导，经营归纳拓展(1)con

14、duct an experiment/an inquiry/a survey进行实验/询问/调查conduct a concert指挥音乐会/out领某人进来/出去conduct oneself举止，表现自己(2)under the conduct of在指导/管理下Copper conducts electricity better than other materials do.铜的导电性能优于其他材料。The guide conducted us around the ruins of the ancient city.导游引领我们游览了古城废墟。He conducted himself

15、 far better than expected.他表现得比预料的要好得多。The government conducted a research into the river pollution.政府对河流污染进行了一次调查。His conduct disagrees with his words.他言行不一。【链接训练】Why has his fellow students _ changed towards Marty?Aconducts BconductCconduction Dconductor【解析】conduct此处意为“行为，品行”，是不可数名词；conduction“传导”

16、；conductor“指挥，售票员”。【答案】B(3)resignation n听从；辞职，辞呈hand in ones resignation递交辞呈You must resign yourself to waiting a bit longer.你们得耐心地多等一会儿。He resigned as manager after eight years.八年后，他辞去了经理的职务。Two members resigned from the board in protest.董事会的两名成员辞职以示抗议。We had to resign ourselves to making a loss on

17、 the sale.我们只好接受销售造成的亏损。His father will hand in his resignation.他的父亲将要提交辞呈。【链接训练】He has _ himself _ the possibility that he may never see her again.Aresigned；不填 Bresigned；fromCresigned；to Dresignation；to【解析】resign oneself to.意为“接受，顺从”；resign (from) 意为“辞职”。句意为：他已经接受了他可能再也见不到她的可能性。【答案】CAfter a number

18、of disagreements with the committee，the chairman decided to _.Aretire Bretreat Cwithdraw Dresign【解析】retire 意为“退休”；retreat 意为“后退”；withdraw 意为“撤退”；resign 意为“辞职”。句意为：和委员会数次意见不合后，主席决定辞职。【答案】D6congratulate vt.祝贺；庆祝归纳拓展(1)congratulate sb.on (doing) sth.祝贺某人(做)某事congratulate oneself on(doing)sth.感到自豪；暗自庆幸；

19、为自己高兴(2)congratulation n祝贺Congratulations！恭喜你！offer/send ones congratulations to sb.on sth.向某人祝贺某事You can congratulate yourself on having done an excellent job.你应该为你自己出色的工作感到自豪。I got an A in the test.我考试得了个A。Congratulations！恭喜你！同类辨析congratulate与celebrate(1)congratulate vt.祝贺，庆贺，一般用人作宾语常用于congratulat

20、e sb.on sth.，意为“祝贺某人某事”。(2)celebrate vt.庆祝，常指举行盛大隆重的庆祝仪式或纪念有意义的日子或时刻，后直接加事物(如节目、胜利、成功等)作宾语。I will congratulate you on (upon) your success.我预祝你成功。We had a party to celebrate parents silver wedding.我们举行宴会庆祝父母的银婚纪念日。 【链接训练】We _ him on his birthday and held a party to _ it.Acongratulate；celebrate Bceleb

21、rate；congratulateCcongratulated；celebrated Dcongratulated；celebrate【解析】句意为：我们给他祝贺生日，并举办宴会庆祝。根据congratulate(congratulate sb. on sth.)和celebrate(celebrate sth.)的用法，可排除B；根据时态和句法，可排除A和C。【答案】D7access n. 通路；访问，入口 归纳拓展(1)give access to 接近，准许进入have/gain/get/obtain access to. 接见，会见，有权进入，拥有的机会the access to.进入

22、的通道(2)accessible adj. 可接近的；可使用的，可进入的be accessible to.能接近；可使用The only access to the town is across the bridge.到镇上唯一的通道是经过这座桥。20% of the people on earth do not have access to clean drinking water.地球上20%的人喝不到干净的饮用水。A manager should be accessible to his staff.经理应该让职工感到平易近人。The documents are not accessib

23、le to the public.公众无法看到这些文件。【链接训练】For professional athletes，_to the Olympics means that they have a chance to enter the history books.Aappeal Battachment Caccess Dapproach【解析】考查名词辨析。句意为：对于专业运动员来说，能够参加奥林匹克运动会意味着他们有机会被载入史册。access to“进入”，符合题意。attachment“附加”；appeal“请求”；approach“方法，接近”。【答案】CThe people li

24、ving here are _ to the swimming pool.Apredictable BpossibleCdue Daccessible【解析】be accessible to sth.意为“可以使用/利用某物”，为固定搭配。A、B两项搭配不正确，be due to意为“由于”，不合题意。句意为：居住在这儿的人们可以使用这个游泳池。【答案】DLike some of my classmates，I cannot live up to my teachers expectations，in other words，I let them down.像我一些同学一样，我没能达到老师的期

25、望，换句话说，我让他们失望了。Its not necessary to translate the sentences word for word.没有必要逐词翻译句子。Please believe me.Ill keep my word.请相信我，我决不食言。【链接训练】，he had to find another job instead.AIn a word BIn other wordsCIn the word DIn words【解析】in other words“换句话说”，为固定短语。句意为：他决定辞职，换句话说，他不得不去找另一份工作。【答案】BOur monitor is o

26、rganized，easygoing，hard，I cant speak too highly of him.AIn other words BIn a wordCOn the other hand DAs a result【解析】in a word 意为“总之，一句话”，符合题意。in other words 意为“换句话说”；on the other hand 意为“另一方面”；as a result 意为“结果”。句意为：我们的班长富有组织能力，容易相处，勤奋又聪明。总之，我怎样夸他都不为过。【答案】B2out of breath上气不接下气归纳拓展(1)hold ones breath

27、屏住呼吸lose ones breath喘不过气来(2)out of cash钱用光了out of control失控out of date过期out of fashion过时，不再流行out of order出毛病out of work失业out of patience不能忍受out of question没问题；无疑；毫无疑问out of the question不可能的；办不到的I was out of breath after running for the bus.我因为追公共汽车，累得上气不接下气。He held his breath while the results were

28、read out.宣读结果时，他屏住了呼吸。This medicine is out of date.这药已经过期了。You cant go to the wedding party in that old shirtits quite out of the question.你不能穿着那件旧衬衣去参加婚礼这是绝对不行的。【链接训练】Mum，I am going to attend a wedding of a friends tomorrow，but I cant find the suitable clothes.Yes，such clothes are out of _ now.Why

29、not buy a new one after work?Adate Buse Csight Dreach【解析】根据答句句意可知“这种衣服现在已经过时了”，故选择A项，out of date“过时，不再流行”。out of use “不再使用，废弃不用”；out of sight“看不见”；out of reach“够不着”。【答案】A3I used to climb trees，swim and play football.我过去常爬树、游泳、踢足球。归纳拓展(1)used to do表示过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态，但现在已不再发生或存在，后接动词原形；(2)be used to (d

30、oing)sth.习惯于，be有多种时态，可用get或become替换，主语一般是指人；(3)be used to do“被用来做某事”。use为及物动词，表示“使用”，是被动结构，主语一般是物；There used to be a bus stop on the corner.在那个拐角曾经有一个公共汽车站。Im not used to living here.我还不习惯住在这儿。Coal can be used to produce power.煤能用来发电 【链接训练】Im used to _ in the house which_ to keep books and magazines

31、.Aliving；used Blive；was usedClive；used Dliving；was used【解析】空一考查be used to的用法，意为：“习惯于做”，其中to是介词，后跟名词或动名词；空二考查use被动式，意为“被用作”。【答案】D动词不定式动词不定式是三种非谓语动词形式之一，具有非常重要的作用和意义。一、动词不定式的句法功能不定式在句中不能独立作谓语，但在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语和状语，还可作宾语补足语和主语补足语。1作主语动词不定式作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。To see is to believe.眼见为实。当作主语的不定式短语较长时，常用形式主语it来代替

32、。不定式和动名词都可用作句子的主语，含义基本一样。但表示具体、特指的动作时，用不定式更多见；表示抽象、泛指的动作时，用动名词更多见。It is right to give up smoking.戒烟是对的。2作表语(1)直接放在be动词之后，起解释说明的作用。My idea is to send him a telegraph.我的想法是给他发一封电报。(2)位于seem，appear，remain，prove等系动词之后。而become，sound，taste等系动词后面一般不接不定式作表语。The method proved to be highly effective.这个方法被证明是非

33、常有效的。注意：不定式和动名词作表语含义基本一样。具体的、特指的事情多用不定式；习惯的、泛指的事情多用动名词。3作宾语部分动词 (短语) 后面只能接不定式作宾语。常见的有agree，arrange，ask，dare，decide，demand，expect，fail，hope，learn，manage，offer，plan，promise，pretend，refuse，want，wish，should (would) like (love)等。They arranged to go swimming the following day.他们准备第二天去游泳。不定式还可跟在某些形容词后面作宾语，

34、如 glad，sure，able，sorry，free 等。You are free to go or stay.去或留都随你便。注意：常用句型“主语v.itadj./n.to do sth.”。其中，it为形式宾语，to do为真正的宾语。能用于这一句型的动词有：think，find，make，believe，consider，suppose，feel等。The man downstairs found it difficult to get to sleep.楼下的人发觉很难入睡。4作定语不定式作定语通常置于所修饰的词之后。从时间上看，不定式作定语通常表示一个未发生的动作。(1)从逻辑关系

35、上看，与不定式所修饰的名词有逻辑上的主谓关系。We need someone to help with the typing.我们需要帮忙打字的人。注意：如果名词前有the first，the last等修饰时，用动词不定式作定语。She was the first (person) to come.她是第一个来的。(2)与不定式所修饰的名词之间有逻辑上的动宾关系。The teacher gave us two exercises to do after class.老师给我们布置了两个课下做的练习。注意：当不定式作定语与所修饰的词有动宾关系时，如果不定式动词是不及物动词，它后面必须接相应的介

36、词。Give me a piece of paper to write on.给我一张纸写字。(3)与被修饰的名词之间有逻辑上的同位关系。I have no chance to go abroad.我没有机会出国。5作状语(1)表示目的。直接用不定式或so as to，in order to。in order to 可放在句首，so as to 不可。动词不定式作状语可放在句首，使其所表示的目的更突出。To learn English well，he works hard at it.为了学好英语，他努力学习。(2)表示结果。更常见于so.as to，such.as to，enough to结

37、构中，only接不定式也常表示结果。We rushed to the airport，only to find the plane had already taken off.我们匆忙赶往机场，结果却发现飞机早已起飞了。注意：表示结果有时可用 too.to (太而不能)的结构，表示结果办不到。但如果 too 后为anxious，eager，willing，ready等，没有否定含义。另外在 to 前加 not 也表示肯定。We were too excited to sleep that night.那天晚上我们激动得无法入睡。(3)表示原因。用在作表语的某些表示情感的形容词或过去分词后面，说

38、明产生某种情绪的原因或是在哪方面存在谓语所表示的情况等。Im glad to hear the news.听到这个消息我很高兴。6作宾语补足语动词不定式作其他成分，表示这一动作几乎都没有发生，有将来时的意思，但作宾语补足语有两种，一是有将来时的意思，表示这一动作没有发生，二是整个动作已经完成。常见的可以用不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：ask，tell，invite，force，want，wish，tell，teach，get，beg，allow，forbid，encourage，advise，persuade等。The teacher invited the famous scientist t

39、o give us a report.老师邀请那位著名科学家给我们作一个报告。注意：动词不定式作宾语补足语在感观动词和使役动词后，不定式符号to在主动语态句型中要省略。这些动词有 see，watch，notice，observe，look at，hear，listen to，feel，have，let，make等。但在被动语态中要还原不定式符号to。I saw him go upstairs.我看见他上了楼。(整个动作结束)He made the students finish the exercises in class.他让学生们在课堂上把练习做完。7作主语补足语作主语补足语的用法同宾语补足语大致相同。只是谓语动词为被动式，且不能省略 to。The students were made to finish the exercises in class.学生们被要求在课堂上把练习做完。二、动词不定式的否定式动词不定式的否定式由 not/neverto do 构成，另外还有 in order not to do，so as not to do。I told him not to do it.我让他别那样做的。Father warned me never to drive after drinking.父亲警告我不要酒后开车。(3)进行式的动作发生在与谓语动词