人教新目标八年级英语下册Unit 8知识梳理及重难点讲练

1、2020 2021 学年人教新目标八年级英语下册Unit 8 知识梳理及重难点讲练知 识 梳 理一、词汇拓展：technology (n.科技；工艺) technological (adj. 科技的)French (n. 法语) France (n. 法国) Frenchman (n. 法国人)southern (adj. 南方的) south (n. 南方)success (n. 成功) successful (adj. 成功的) successfully (adv.成功地) succeed (v.成功) laughter (n. 笑，笑声) laugh (v. 大笑，笑)beauty (n

2、. 美，美丽) beautiful (adj.美丽的；美好的) beautifully (adv. 美好地，漂亮地) introduce (v. 介绍，引见) introduction (n. 介绍)二、短语归纳：full ofon the islandbring backleave behindin two weeksbe interested incountry musicthe home of满是的；(有)大量的；(有)丰富的 在岛上带回留下；落下；忘带两周后对感兴趣乡村音乐之乡hurry upgrow upat leastgive upwait forthe marks ofever

3、sincesuch as赶快；急忙(做某事) 长大；成熟 至少;最少放弃等待的迹象 自从例如the beauty of nature 大自然之美do some research做一些研究more than超过；多于one another ( = each other)互相a number ofa bit boringbelong to一些，若干有点儿枯燥乏味属于；是(某团体、国家等)的成员the number ofat the end offight over的数量 在的结尾/末端 因而争论；争夺三、固定用法：be due to do sth.learn to do sth.see sb. d

4、oing sth.in+一段时间name sb.one.the other.cant wait to do sth.What do you think of.? have/has been to +地点名词 it is ones dream to do sth. come to do roduce A to B预计做某事；预定要做某事 学习/学会做某事看见某人正在做某事 在(时间)后给某人取名为一个另一个 迫不及待做某事你认为怎么样？ 去过做某事是某人的梦逐渐/终于把 A 介绍给 Bbe interested in (doing) sth.对(做)某事感兴趣重难点讲练重点一：Yo

5、u should hurry up . 你得快点。hurry up 赶快；急忙（做某事）(用在口语中，用来催促别人快走）拓展：in a hurry匆忙地hurry to do sth 匆忙去做hurry off 匆忙离开Hurry to sp. 着急去某地 Im in a hurry. 我很赶。【即学即练】(1) _, or well be late for the meeting. Its only half past one by my watch. We have enough time left.A. Hurry upB. Dont worryC. Never mind D. Be q

6、uiet他匆忙地回到家里去看电视节目中国诗词大会。He _ _ _ home to watch the TV program The Chinese Poetry Competition. 重点二：辨析 be full of / filled withTreasure Island is about a boy who went out to sea and found an Island full of treasures.Treasure Island 讲的是一个小男孩出海并发现了一个满是珠宝的小岛的故事。full of 充满be full of = be filled with 充满 I

7、f you read a lot, your life will be full of pleasure.【即学即练】(1) If you read a lot, your life will be full _ pleasure. A. By B. of C. for D. with(2) The box is too heavy to carry. Whats is it? Oh, it is _ books. A. filled with B. covered with C. used for D. asked for重点三：The book report is due in two w

8、eeks. 读书报告两周后就要到期了。（1）due adj. 预期；预定 , 通常只用作表语。be due to do sth 预期做某事You are due to hand in your composition on Friday afternoon. 你预计在周五下午上交作文。 （2）in two weeks “两周之后”，in 意为“在.以后”，“in + 一段时间”用在一般将来时的句子中，意为“在时间后”。He will be back in a week. 一周之后，他将回来。注意：after 常用在一般过去式的句子中。He got to Beijing after two ho

9、urs. 他是两个下时候到北京的。【即学即练】(1) Shall we stop and wait for others? They will catch up _ a few minutes. A. at B. on C. in D. for(2) I can finish the report on foot safety in two days. (对划线部分提问)_ _ can you finish the report on food safety?重点四：One of them died but the other ran towards my house.他们中的一个人死了，另一

10、个朝我的房子这边跑过来了。One. the other 一个.另一个词语otherthe otherothersthe othersanother含义泛指其他的人、物 指两个人或物中的一个 泛指另外几个，其余的 其他东西；其余的人们 其他的；再一个；另一个用法作形容词或代词，其后接名词的复数形式通常用于固定短语 one. The other .中 是 other 的复数形式，在句中作主语、宾语特指某一范围的“其他的人或物” 只能用于三个或更多的人或物【即学即练】(1) Lily and her sister look the same. I cant tell one from _. (oth

11、er, the other, others) (2) Volunteers help with research and animal rescue, and they teach _ about sea life.A. other B. others C. the other D. another重点五：Hes sold more than 120 million records. million n. 一百万他的唱片销量已经超过 1.2 亿张。hundred n. 百thousand n. 千million n. 百万hundreds ofthousands ofmillions of成百

12、上千的 成千上万的 成百万的拓展：(1) 当 million 前面有具体的数字时，用单数形式(2 )当 million 后与 of 连用时用复数形式，millions of 是数百万的意思，前面不能加数词总结：具体的不加 s 也不加 of；不具体的加 s 也加 of【即学即练】_ people will go to the party. Do you know?A. Millions of B. Million of C. Five Millions D. Million重点六： Many songs these days are just about modern life in the U

13、S, such as the importance of money and success, but not about belonging to a group. 如今许多歌曲只是关于美国现代生活的，比如金钱和成 功的重要性，而不是有关归属感的。(教材 P622b)1. modern adj. 现代的；当代的Eg. Modern technology has opened our eyes to many things.现代科技开阔了我们的眼界，让我们了解了许多事物。【即学即用】根据句意和汉语提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。(2018 泰州中考)The Hong Kong - Zhuha

14、i - Macao Bridge is considered as one of the seven wonders of the （现代的）world.港珠澳大桥被认为是现代世界七大奇迹之一。modern 作形容词，意为现代的”。2. success n. 成功success 在此处作不可数名词，意为成功”。它还可作可数名词，意为”成功的人或事”。Eg. Failure is the mother of success. (谚语)失败是成功之母。His new book was a great success.他新出版的书获得了巨大成功。【拓展延伸】success 的相关词：success

15、n. 成功 succeed v. 成功 successful adj. 成功的 successfully adv. 成功地单元语法：现在完成时 (Present Perfect Tense)1. 定义：（1）表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 Its so dark. 太黑了。 Someone has turned off the light. 有人把灯关上了。（2）表示从过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态。常与 since + 过去的时间点，for + 一段时间，since + 时间段 + ago, so far 等时间状语连用。 I have lived her

16、e for ten years.我已经住在这里 10 年了。（从 10 年前开始，持续到现在还住这儿） I have lived here since 2003. 自从 2003 年我就住在这儿。（从 2003 年开始，持续到现在还住这儿） 2. 基本结构及句型转换：主语 + have / has + 动词的过去分词。 (当主语是第三人称单数 has, 其余人称用 have。) 肯定句：主语+have/has + 过去分词+其他I have finished my homework. (肯定句) 否定句：主语+have / has + not + 过去分词+其他I have not finis

17、hed my homework. （否定句） 一般疑问句：Have / Has + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他 Have you finished your homework?Yes, I have. / No, I havent, （肯定、否定回答）3. has gone (to), has been (to), has been (in) 的区别Have / Has gone (to) :去了 (现在不在说话现场) Where is your father？ He has gone to Shanghai.Have / Has been (to) : 去过（已不在去过的地方） My fa

18、ther has been to Shanghai.Have/has been in：呆了多久（还在所呆的地方） My father has been in Shanghai for two months.= My father has been in Shanghai since two months ago.4. 现在完成时的标志词： 常与 just, already, yet, ever, never, before, so far 等连用，强调动作的完成，不强调动作的持续。 Have you ever been to Japan? I have just finished my hom

19、ework. for + 时间段；since + 过去的时间点；since + 段时间 ago；since + 一般过去时的句子。They have known each other for five years. Since he was a child, he has lived in England.动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则规则变化：1. 一般在动词词尾直接加 ed。如：pick picked picked; wish wished wished; stay stayed stayed2. 以不发音的 e 结尾的动词后面加 d。如：like liked liked; hope ho

20、ped hoped; phone phoned phoned3. 以辅音字母 + y 结尾的动词，变 y 为 i，再加-ed。如：study studied studied; hurry hurried hurried; reply replied replied4. 词尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节动词，要双写辅音字母，再加-ed。如：stop stopped stopped; clap clapped clapped不规则变化：1. 以不变应万变。如：let let let; put put put; read read read2. 若中间有双写 e，则去掉一个 e，单词末尾再加 t。如

21、：feel felt felt; keep kept kept; sleep slept slept3. 结尾的字母 d 变 t。如：lend lent lent; build built built; send sent sent综 合 能 力 提 升一、完成句子1. 从那以后，她成了美国乡村音乐的一位歌迷。_ _ then, she has been a fan of American country music.2. 从现在开始，这本书属于你了。From now on, this book _ _ you.2. 我们都应该互相帮助。We all should help _ _.3. 她逐

22、渐意识到，事实上她是多么想念他们。She _ _ _ how much she actually missed all of them.4. 快点儿！所有人都在等我们。_ _！Everyone is waiting for us.一、完形填空Xian Xinghai was a very famous musician in China. He wrote one of the greatest pieces of music of the 20th century. In his short life he wrote 1._ 300 songs and an opera.Xian was

23、born in Panyu, Guangdong, China in1905. Because his father died before he was born, Xian moved from place to place with 2. _ mother. He began learning to play the violin when he was 13 years old. In the beginning,his violin was 3. _ cheap and badly made that he could not play it well. His friends la

24、ughed at him. Xian did not stop 4. _ and soon showed his talent. In 1934, he was one of the first Chinese students who studied in a special music school in Paris. Before he 5. _ ，Xian became the schools best student 6. _ won several prizes for his talents.In 1935, he returned to China and helped fight against the Japanese army. Later, he came to Yanan to teach music at a college. 7. _ t