2022-2023学年山西省吕梁市方山县第四中学高三英语上学期期末试题含解析

1、2022-2023学年山西省吕梁市方山县第四中学高三英语上学期期末试题含解析一、 选择题1. Since many former drug abusers have psychological problems, they often need support groups _ they can talk about their struggles and find new ways to manage in the world.A. which B. whatC. where D. when参考答案：C【详解】考查定语从句。句意：由于许多以前的吸毒者有心理问题，他们往往需要一些支持小组，在那

2、里他们可以谈论他们的努力，并在世界上找到管理的新方法。此处groups是先行词，在后面的定语从句中作地点状语，故答案为C。【点睛】分析定语从句关键抓住两点：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。先行词往往为名词或代词，如本题中先行词为名词groups，再分析先行词groups在定语从句中所作的成分，将先行词groups带到从句中可知，只能作地点状语，故确定关系词where。2. Not until _ school _ how much their teachers loved themAthey left; did they realize Bdid they leave;

3、 they had realizedCdid they leave; had they realized Dthey left; they realized参考答案：A【知识点】特殊句式考查倒装句，not until+从句置于句首，主句用部分倒装，助动词/be动词/情态动词放在主语前面，AC都是倒装，因为他们先离开学校才意识到老师多么爱他们，所以是过去时。选A。【技巧点拨】否定词放在句首要用部分倒装句，包括not until，要注意的是not until后面的从句不倒装，主句倒装。3. The Great Wall winds its way from west to east, _ dese

4、rts, _mountains and _valleys, until at last it reaches the sea.A. across; through; over B. through; on; acrossC. across; along; up D. across; over; through 参考答案：D4. Can you tell me the difference between the words “require” and “request” ? I sometimes get puzzled by their meanings.A. arbitraryB. clu

5、msyC. apparentD. tentative参考答案：C略5. Betty, do _ your spirits. Try again and you will succeed.A. catch up B. catch on C. keep up D. keep on参考答案：C6. Studies show that people who have a glass of wine per day do better than _ who dont.A. that B. the one C. ones D. those参考答案：D【命题立意】考查代词的用法。句意：研究表明每天喝葡萄酒的

6、人比那些不喝葡萄酒的人做得更好。在比较状语从句，that代指前文的不可数名词或the修饰的可数名词单数；those代指前文提到的复数名词；one代指前文的a/an +名词单数。前文出现的名词包括,studies, people, a glass of wine, 翻译过来应该是喝酒的人和不喝酒的人相比，所以选 those。故选D。7. A new shopping centre will be built the old fish market used to be.A、what B、that C、where D、in which参考答案：C解析句意：一个新的购物中心将建在原来的鱼市场上。wh

7、ere引导一个地点状语从句，且在从句中作地点状语。8. Ill leave you my mobile number _ theres an emergency.A. even if B. as long as C. in case D. ever since参考答案：C 试题分析： 考查连词。A. even if即使；B. as long as只要；C. in case以防；D. ever since 自从；句意：我留给你我的电话号码以防有紧急情况。根据语境可知选C项。 9. This _ tower has remained standing for one thousands years

8、.A. solid, square, English, stone B. English, solid, stone, squareC. stone, square, solid, English D. English stone, square, solid, 参考答案：A10. Now comes the announcement from Apple, one of the worlds best-known companies, Steve Jobswho is considered a leading figure in both the computer and entertain

9、ment industriespassed away, shocking all of us. Athat Bwhich Cone Dwhat参考答案：A11. It was two days before my mother flew to New York _I arrived home.A. when B. that C. after D. since参考答案：B12. Thanks to Chinese peoples hard work and wisdom, China has _ into the second largest economy.A. evolvedB. slipp

10、edC. extendedD. shaped参考答案：A【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：多亏了中国人民的勤劳奋斗和聪慧才智，中国发展成为了第二大经济体。A. evolved发展，进化；B. slipped溜走；C. extended扩展；D. shaped塑造。故A选项正确。13. I feel uncomfortable each time I remember the situation _ Mary tried to talk the matter _ with me and we always ended in a row.A. that; over B. which; through C

11、. where; about D. where; over参考答案：D14. A new study indicates that basic steps taken by people daily can go a long way in _ the greenhouse gas emission.A. cutting down B. taking down C. pulling down D. breaking down参考答案：A略15. _ out different ideas, they are now getting closer to the correct answer.A.

12、 Tried B. Try C. Having tried D. Being tried参考答案：B二、 填空16. One day a young man was walking along the road when he heard a cry. It seemed 61 _(come) from underneath a bridge. As he approached the bridge, the sound got louder and then he saw 62 pitiful sight. There, 63 (lie) in the muddy riverbed was

13、a little dog about two months old, 64 front legs were tightly tied with ropes. It had wounds on its head and was covered with mud.The young man wanted to help the dog, 65 as he approached, the dog started to bark. The young man did not give up. He sat down and started 66 (gentle) talking to the dog.

14、 It took a long time but eventually the dog 67 (stop) barking and the man was able to touch it. The young man carried the dog home, cared 68 its wounds, and gave it food and water. Even with all of this, the dog was still 69 (friend) every time the young man approached. But the young man did not giv

15、e up. Weeks went by and the man continued attending to the dog. Then one day, as the young man approached, the dog wagged its tail.It was consistent love and kindness 70 won a lifelong friendship of loyalty.参考答案：61. to be coming 62. a 63. lying 64. whose 65.but/yet66. gently 67. stopped 68. for69. u

16、nfriendly70. that61.考查系表结构。It seemed to be coming from underneath a bridge,这是一个主系表结构，应该填to be coming。62.考查冠词。pitiful sight，本句不缺成分，但sight表示场景时为可数名词，前需用数量词，故填a63.考查倒装句。（lie) in the muddy riverbed was a little dog主语为小狗，应该是躺着，还原为正常语序为a little dog was lying in the muddy riverbed.故填lying。64.考察关系词。a little

17、 dog about two months old, front legs were tightly tied with ropes后句为dog的定于从句，句中缺少所有格形势，表示的，意为小狗的前腿被绳子绑起来了，故填whose。65.考察连接词。The young man wanted to help the dog, 65 as he approached, the dog started to bark. The young man did not give up.年轻人想要帮助小狗，他一靠近，小狗就叫，可知应用表示转折的连词，故填but/yet。66.考察副词。前面是动词start，应

18、该用副词修饰。故填gently。67.考查时态。 took a long time but eventually the dog 67 (stop) barking前一句为过去式，可知后半句也应是过去的时态，而stop为一个原音加复印结尾古窑双写，故填stopped。68.考查介词。.照顾.根据句子 The young man carried the dog home, cared 68 its wounds年轻人将小狗带回家并照顾它的伤势，故填for。69.考查副词。Even with all of this, the dog was still 69 (friend) every time

19、 the young man approached.本句为转折句，可知尽管年轻人做了这一切，每次他靠近小狗，小狗仍不友好，friend为名词，前有be动词，故此处应填副词，故填unfriendly。70.考查关系词。is.that.就是.正是持久的爱与善意赢得了终身的忠诚友谊。故填that。三、 阅读理解17. It is pretty much a one-way street. While it may be common for university researchers to try their luck in the commercial world, there is very

20、little traffic in the opposite direction. Pay has always been the biggest deterrent, as people with families often feel they cannot afford the drop in salary when moving to a university job. For some industrial scientists, however, the attractions of academic jobs outweigh any financial consideratio

21、ns.Helen Lee took a 70cut in salary when she moved from a senior post in Abbott Laboratories to a medical department at the University of Cambridge. Her main reason for returning to academia mid-career was to take advantage of the greater freedom to choose research questions. Some areas of inquiry h

22、ave few prospects of a commercial return, and Lees is one of them. The influence of a salary cut is probably less serious for a scientist in the early stages of a career. Guy Grant, now a researcher at the Unilever Centre for Molecular Informatics at the University of Cambridge, spent two years work

23、ing for a medicine company before returning to university as a post doctoral researcher. He took a 30% salary cut but felt it worthwhile for the greater intellectual chances.Higher up the ladder, where a pay cut is usually more important, the demand for scientists with a wealth of experience in indu

24、stry is forcing universities to make the change to academia more attractive, according to Lee. Industrial scientists tend to receive training that academics do not, such as how to build a multidisciplinary team, manage budgets and negotiate contracts. They are also well placed to bring something ext

25、ra to the teaching side of an academic role that will help students get a job when they graduate, says Lee, perhaps experience in manufacturing（生产）practice or product development. “Only a small number of undergraduates will continue in an academic career. So someone leaving university who already ha

26、s the skills needed to work in an industrial lab has far more potential in the job market than someone who has spent all their time on a narrow research project.”46. By “a one-way street” in Paragraph 1, the author means _.A. university researchers know little about the commercial worldB. few univer

27、sity professors are willing to do industrial researchC. few industrial scientists would leave to work in a universityD. there is little exchange between industry and academia47. The underlined word “deterrent” most probably refers to “something that _”.A. helps to move the traffic B. attracts peoples attention C. brings someone a financial