2019年全国高考英语卷1(附答案)

1、;.2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国卷I）英语注意事项：1答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完

2、每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?19.15.B.9.18.C.9.15.答案是CoWheredoesthisconversationtakeplace?Inaclassroom.B.Inahospital.C.Inamuseum.WhatdoesJackwanttodo?Takefitnessclasses.Buyapairofgymshoes.Changehisworkschedule.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?Whattodrink.B.Wheretomeet.C.W

3、hentoleave.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?Colleges.B.Classmates.C.Strangers.WhyisEmilymentionedintheconversation?Shemightwantaticket.Sheislookingfortheman.Shehasanextraticket.第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟

4、的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。HowlongdidJamesrunhisbusiness?10years.B.13years.C.15years.HowdoesthewomanfeelaboutJamessituation?A.Embarrassed.B.Concerned.C.Disappointed.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。WhathasKatesmotherdecidedtodo?A.Returntoschool.B.Changeherjob.C.Retirefromwork.WhatdidKatesmotherstudyatcollege?A.

5、Oilpainting.B.Arthistory.C.Businessadministration.WhatisKatesattitudetowardhermothersdecision?A.Disapproving.B.Ambiguous.C.Understanding.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。Whatisthemandoing?A.Chairingameeting.Hostingaradioprogram.Conductingajobinterview.WhatbenefitsMarymostinherjob?A.Herwidereading.B.Herleadersguidan

6、ce.C.HerfriendshelpWhowillMarytalkaboutnext?A.Herteacher.B.HerfatherC.Hermother.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。Whydoesthemanseldomdoexercise?Helacksmotivation.Hehasaheartproblem.Heworksallthetime.WhatdoesJacobSattelmairprobablydo?A.Hesanathlete.B.Hesaresearcher.C.Hesajournalist.Whydoesthewomanspeakofastudy?Toenco

7、uragetheman.Torecommendanexercise.Tosupportherfindings.Howmuchtimewillthemanprobablyspendexercisingweekly?A.300minutes.B.150minute.C.75minutes.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。Whatdidthescientistsdototheroad?A.Theyrepairedit.B.Theypaintedit.C.TheyblockeditWhyareyoungbirdsdrawntotheroadsurface?A.Itswarm.B.Itsbrown.

8、C.Itssmooth.Whatisthepurposeofthescientistsexperiment?Tokeepthebirdsthereforawholeyear.Tohelpstudentsstudythebirdswell.Topreventthebirdsfrombeingkilled.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ANeedaJobThisSummer?Theprovincialgovernmentanditspartnersoffermanyprograms

9、tohelpstudentsfindsummerjobs.Thedeadlinesandwhatyouneedtoapplydependontheprogram.Notastudent?Gotothegovernmentwebsitetolearnaboutprogramsandonlinetoolsavailabletohelppeopleunder30buildskills,findajoborstartbusinessesallyearround.JobsforYouthIfyouareateenagerlivingincertainpartsoftheprovince,youcould

10、beeligible（符合条件）forthisprogram.Whichprovideseightweeksofpaidemploymentalongwithtraining.Whoiseligible:Youth15-18yearsoldinselectcommunities（社区）.SummerCompanySummerCompanyprovidesstudentswithhands-onbusinesstrainingandawardsofupto$3,000tostartandruntheirownsummerbusinesses.Whoiseligible:Studentsaged1

11、5-29,returningtoschoolinthefall.StewardshipYouthRangerProgramYoucouldapplytobeaStewardshipYouthRangerandworkonlocalnaturalresourcemanagementprojectsforeightweeksthissummer.Whoiseligible:Studentsaged16or17attimeofhire,butnotturning18beforeDecember31thisyear.SummerEmploymentOpportunities（机会）Throughthe

12、SummerEmploymentOpportunitiesprogram,studentsarehiredeachyearinavarietyofsummerpositionsacrosstheProvincialPublicService,itsrelatedagenciesandcommunitygroups.Whoiseligible:Studentsaged15orolder.Somepositionsrequirestudentstobe15to24orupto29forpersonswithadisability.WhatisspecialaboutSummerCompany?It

13、requiresnotrainingbeforeemployment.Itprovidesawardsforrunningnewbusinesses.Itallowsonetoworkinthenaturalenvironment.Itoffersmoresummerjobopportunities.WhatistheagerangerequiredbyStewardshipYouthRangerProgram?A.15-18.B.15-24.C.15-29.D.16-17.Whichprogramfavorsthedisabled?A.JobsforYouth.B.SummerCompany

14、.C.StewardshipYouthRangerProgram.D.SummerEmploymentOpportunities.BForCanaanElementaryssecondgradeinPatchogue,N.Y.,todayisspeechday,andrightnowitsChrisPalaezsturn.The8-year-oldisthejokeroftheclass.Withshiningdarkeyes,heseemsliketheofkidwhowouldenjoypublicspeaking.Buthes,nervous.Tmheretotellyoutodaywh

15、yyoushould.should.Christripsonthe“-ld,nunciationdifficultyformanynon-nativeEnglishspeakers.Histeacher,ThomasWhaley,isnexttohim,whisperingsupport.“.Votefor.me.Exceptforsomestumbles,Chrisisdoingamazinglywell.Whenhebringshisspeechtoaniceconclusion,Whaleyinvitestherestoftheclasstopraisehim.Asonofim

16、migrants,ChrisstaredlearningEnglishalittleoverthreeyearsago.Whaleyrecalls（回想起）howatthebeginningoftheyear,whencalledupontoread,Chriswouldexcusehimselftogotothebathroom.LearningEnglishasasecondlanguagecanbeapainfulexperience.Whatyouneedisagreatteacherwholetsyoumakemistakes.“Ittakesalotforanystudent,”W

17、haleyexplains,especiallyforastudentwhoislearningEnglishastheirnewlanguage,tofeelconfidentenoughtosay,Idontknow,butIwanttoknow.Whaleygottheideaofthissecond-gradepresidentialcampaignprojectwhenheaskedthechildrenonedaytoraisetheirhandsiftheythoughttheycouldneverbeapresident.Theanswerbrokehisheart.Whale

18、ysaystheprojectisaboutmorethanjustlearningtoreadandspeakinpublic.Hewantsthesekidstolearntoboast（夸耀）aboutthemselves.“Boastingaboutyourself,andyourbestqualities,Whaleysays,“isverydifficultforachildwhocameintotheclassroomnotfeelingconfident.WhatmadeChrisnervous?Tellingastory.B.Makingaspeech.C.Takingate

19、st.D.Answeringaquestion.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stumblesinparagraph2referto?Improperpauses.B.Badmanners.C.Spellingmistakes.D.Sillyjokes.WecaninferthatthepurposeofWhaleysprojectisto.helpstudentsseetheirownstrengthsassessstudentspublicspeakingskillspreparestudentsfortheirfuturejobsinspirestudentslov

20、eforpoliticsWhichofthefollowingbestdescribesWhaleyasateacher?A.Humorous.B.Ambitious.C.Caring.D.Demanding.CAsdataandidentitytheftbecomesmoreandmorecommon,themarketisgrowingforbiometric（生物测量technologieslikefingerprintscans一tokeepothersoutofprivatee-spaces.Atpresent,thesetechnologiesarestillexpensive,t

21、hough.ResearchersfromGeorgiaTechsaythattheyhavecomeupwithalow-costdevice（装置）thatgetsaroundthisproblem:asmartkeyboard.Thissmartkeyboardpreciselymeasuresthecadence（节奏）withwhichonetypesandthepressurefingersapplytoeachkey.Thekeyboardcouldofferastronglayerofsecuritybyanalyzingthingsliketheforceofausersty

22、pingandthetimebetweenkeypresses.Thesepatternsareuniquetoeachperson.Thus,thekeyboardcandeterminepeoplesidentities,andbyextension,whethertheyshouldbegivenaccesstothecomputeritsconnectedto一regardlessofwhethersomeonegetsthepasswordright.Italsodoesntrequireanewtypeoftechnologythatpeoplearentalreadyfamili

23、arwith.Everybodyusesakeyboardandeverybodytypesdifferently.Inastudydescribingthetechnology,theresearchershad100volunteerstypetheword“touchfburtimesusingthesmartkeyboard.Datacollectedfromthedevicecouldbeusedtorecognizedifferentparticipantsbasedonhowtheytyped,withverylowerrorrates.Theresearcherssaythat

24、thekeyboardshouldbeprettystraightforwardtocommercializeandismostlymadeofinexpensive,plastic-likeparts.Theteamhopestomakeittomarketinthenearfuture.Whydotheresearchersdevelopthesmartkeyboard?Toreducepressureonkeys.B.ToimproveaccuracyintypingC.Toreplacethepasswordsystem.D.Tocutthecostofe-spaceprotectio

25、n.Whatmakestheinventionofthesmartkeyboardpossible?Computersaremucheasiertooperate.Fingerprintscanningtechniquesdevelopfast.Typingpatternsvaryfrompersontoperson.Datasecuritymeasuresareguaranteed.Whatdotheresearchersexpectofthesmartkeyboard?all1osoisgitieocooil.A.Itllbeenvironment-friendly.B.Itllreach

26、consumerssoon.C.Itllbemadeofplastics.D.Itllhelpspeeduptyping.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A.Adiary.B.AguidebookC.Anovel.D.Amagazine.DDuringtherosyyearsofelementaryschool（小学），Ienjoyedsharingmydollsandjokes,whichallowedmetokeepmyhighsocialstatus.Iwasthequeenoftheplayground.Thencamemytweensandteens,an

27、dmeangirlsandcoolkids.Theyroseintheranksnotbybeingfriendlybutbysmokingcigarettes,breakingrulesandplayingjokesonothers,amongwhomIsoonfoundmyself.Popularityisawell-exploredsubjectinsocialpsychology.MitchPrinstein,aprofessorofclinicalpsychologysortsthepopularintotwocategories:thelikableandthestatusseek

28、ers.Thelikablesplays-well-with-othersqualitiesstrengthenschoolyardfriendships,jumpstartinterpersonalskillsand,whentappedearly,areemployedeverafterinlifeandwork.Thentheresthekindofpopularitythatappearsinadolescence:statusbornofpowerandevendishonorablebehavior.Enviableasthecoolkidsmayhaveseemed,Dr.Pri

29、nsteinsstudiesshowunpleasantconsequences.Thosewhowerehighestinstatusinhighschool,aswellasthoseleastlikedinelementaryschool,are“mostlikelytoengage（从事）indangerousandriskybehavior.Inonestudy,Dr.Prinsteinexaminedthetwotypesofpopularityin235adolescents,scoringtheleastliked,themostlikedandthehighestinstat

30、usbasedonstudentsurveys（调查研究）.“Wefoundthattheleastwell-likedteenshadbecomemoreaggressiveovertimetowardtheirclassmates.Butsohadthosewhowerehighinstatus.Itclearlyshowedthatwhilelikabilitycanleadtohealthyadjustment,highstatushasjusttheoppositeeffectonus.Dr.Prinsteinhasalsofoundthatthequalitiesthatmadet

31、heneighborswantyouonaplaydate-sharing,kindness,openness一carryovertolateryearsandmakeyoubetterabletorelateandconnectwithothers.Inanalyzinghisandotherresearch,Dr.Prinsteincametoanotherconclusion:Notonlyislikabilityrelatedtopositivelifeoutcomes,butitisalsoresponsibleforthoseoutcomes,too.Beinglikedcreat

32、esopportunitiesforlearningandfornewkindsoflifeexperiencesthathelpsomebodygainanadvantage,”hesaid.Whatsortofgirlwastheauthorinherearlyyearsofelementaryschool?A.Unkind.B.Lonely.C.Generous.D.Cool.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?Theclassificationofthepopular.Thecharacteristicsofadolescents.Theimport

33、anceofinterpersonalskills.Thecausesofdishonorablebehavior.WhatdidDr.Prinsteinsstudyfindaboutthemostlikedkids?Theyappearedtobeaggressive.Theytendedtobemoreadaptable.Theyenjoyedthehigheststatus.Theyperformedwellacademically.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?BeNice-YouWontFinishLastTheHighertheStatus,theBee

34、rBetheBest-YouCanMakeItMoreSelf-Control,LessAggressiveness第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。IsFreshAirReallyGoodforYou?Weallgrewuphearingpeopletellusto“gooutandgetsomefreshair.36Accordingtorecentstudies,theanswerisabigYES,iftheairqualityinyourcampingareaisgood.37Iftheairy

35、ourebreathingisclean-whichitwouldbeifyoureawayfromthesmogofcities-thentheairisfilledwithlife-giving,energizingoxygen.Ifyouexerciseoutofdoors,yourbodywilllearntobreathemoredeeply,allowingevenmoreoxygentogettoyourmuscles（肌肉）andyourbrain.Recently,peoplehavebegunstudyingtheconnectionbetweenthenaturalwor

36、ldandhealing（治愈）.38Intheseplacespatientscangotobenearnatureduringtheirrecovery.Itturnsoutthatjustlookingatgreen,growingthingscanreducestress,lowerbloodpressure,andputpeopleintoabettermood（情绪）.Greeneryisgoodforus.HospitalpatientsWhoseetreebranchesouttheirwindowarelikelytorecoveratafasterratethanpatie

37、ntswhoseebuildingsorskyinstead.39Itgivesusagreatfeelingofpeace.40Whilethesunsrayscanageandharmourskin,theyalsogiveisbeneficialVitaminD.TomakesureyougetenoughVitaminD一butstillprotectyourskin一putonsunscreenrightasyouheadoutside.Ittakessunscreenaboutfifteenminutestostartworking,andthatsplentyoftimefory

38、ourskintoabsorbadaysworthofVitaminD.Freshaircleansourlungs.Sowhatareyouwaitingfor?Beinginnaturerefreshesus.Anothersidebenefitofgettingfreshairissunlight.Butisfreshairreallyasgoodforyouasyourmotheralwayssaid?Justasimportantly,wetendtoassociateairwithhealthcare.Allacrossthecountry,recoverycentershaveb

39、egunbuildingHealingGardens.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Everyyearabout40,000peopleattempttoclimbKilimanjaro,thehighestmountaininAfrica.They41withthemlotsofwaste.The42mightdamagethebeautyoftheplace.Theglaciers（冰川）aredisappearing,changingthe4

40、3ofKilimanjaro.Hearingthesestories,Im44abouttheplace一otherdestinationsaredescribedas“purernaturalexperiences.However,Isoon45thatmuchhaschangedsincethedaysofdisturbingreportsof46amongtonsofrubbish.Ifinda47mountain,withtoiletsatcampsandalongthepaths.Theenvironmentalchallengesare48buttheeffortsmadebyth

41、eTanzaniaNationalParkAuthorityseemtobe49.ThebestofaKilimanjaro50,inmyopinion,isntreachingthetop.Mountainsare_51asspiritualplacesbymanycultures.This52isespeciallyevidentonKilimanjaroas53gothroughfiveecosystems（生态系统）inthespaceofafewkilometers.Atthebaseisarainforest.Itendsabruptlyat3,000meters,54landso

42、flowgrowingplants.Furtherup,theweather55一lowcloudsenvelopethemountainsides,whicharecoveredwiththickgrass.I56twelveshadesofgreenfromwhereIstand.Above4,000metersisthehighland57:gravel（砾石），stonesandrocks.58youclimbintoanarctic-likezonewith59snowandtheglaciersthatmaysoondisappear.DoesKilimanjaro60itsrep

43、utationasacrowdedmountainwithlinesoftouristsruiningtheatmosphereofpeace?Ifoundtheoppositetobetrue.A.keepB.mixC.connectD.bringA.storiesB.buildingsC.crowdsD.reportersA.positionB.ageC.faceD.nameA.silentB.skepticalC.seriousD.crazyA.discoverB.argueC.decideD.advocateA.equipmentB.grassC.campsD.stonesA.remo

44、teB.quietC.allD.cleanA.newB.specialC.significantD.necessaryA.payingoffB.spreadingoutC.blowingupD.fadingawayA.atmosphereB.experienceC.experimentD.sightA.studiedB.observedC.exploredD.regardedA.viewB.qualityC.reasonD.purposeA.scientistsB.climbersC.localsD.officialsA.holdingontoB.goingbacktoC.livingupto

45、D.givingwaytoA.changesB.clearsC.improvesD.permitsA.matchB.imagineC.countD.addA.villageB.desertC.roadD.lakeA.ObviouslyB.EasilyC.ConsequentlyD.FinallyA.permanentB.littleC.freshD.artificialA.enjoyB.deserveC.saveD.acquire第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ThepolarbearisfoundintheArc

46、ticCircleandsomebiglandmassesasfarsouthasNewfoundland.Whiletheyarerarenorthof88,thereisevidence61theyrangeallthewayacrosstheArctic,andasfarsouthasJamesBayinCanada.Itisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehasbeen62(poor)studied;however,biologistscalculatethatthereareabout2

47、0,000-25,000polarbearsworldwide.Modemmethods63trackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid-1980s,andareexpensive64(perform)consistentlyoveralargearea.InrecentyearssomeInuitpeopleinNunayut65(report)increasesinbearsightingsaroundhumansettlements,leadingtoa66(believe)thatpopulationsarein

48、creasing.Scientistshaverespondedby67（note）thathungrybearsmaybecongregating（聚集）aroundhumansettlements,leadingtotheillusion（错觉）thatpopulationsare68（high）thantheyactuallyare.Of69nineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threearedeclining,six70（be）stable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata.第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文