高三英语阅读理解猜词技巧

1、高三英语阅读理解猜词技巧课件第1页，共60页，2022年，5月20日，8点1分，星期四设问特点：1、从原文中找单词，短语或句子设问。2、所问词或句与该词该句常见意思不同，无法望文生义,只有在具体的上下文中才可判断准确。3、所考单词有的是生词，有的是旧词新意。4、正确选项的特征是放在原文不仅单句合理，全文也合理。5、错误选项或是字面意思，或是故意胡说。第2页，共60页，2022年，5月20日，8点1分，星期四猜测词义题目类型1.对考纲外生词的猜测The underlined word cultivated ( paragraph 1 ) roughly means _. 2.对考纲内熟词新义的猜

2、测The underlined word “hit” (paragraph 1 ) roughly means4.对句义的猜测When I got back out into the street, the world seemed brand-new to me. He was something out of an ancient legend3.对代词的猜测 The underlined part “it” (in Para. 4) refers to_. 第3页，共60页，2022年，5月20日，8点1分，星期四词义理解题常见的题型有:1. The word “” refers to

3、/ probably means/ could best be replaced by _. 2. What do you think the expression “” stands for? 3. The underlined sentence “” means _.第4页，共60页，2022年，5月20日，8点1分，星期四How do you deal with the unfamiliar words or phrases while reading?Ignore them and continue readingLook them up in the dictionaryGuess

4、the meaning 第5页，共60页，2022年，5月20日，8点1分，星期四1.He would _ the gold from his grandma.2. Unlike his brother, Hobart is quite _.How to guess the missing words?Harvey is a thief: he would _ the gold from his grandma and not feel guilty.stealUnlike his brother, who is truly a handsome person, Hobart is quite

5、 _.ordinary-lookingplain/homely第6页，共60页，2022年，5月20日，8点1分，星期四Skills for guessing unknown words:1. The lion has its “territory” , which is an area that an animal ,usually the male, claims（声称）as its own. “territory” means _ an area( thatown) 动物地盘2. He is a resolute man. Once he makes up his mind to do

6、something, he wont give it up halfway. The underlined word means_.A.strong B. determined C. kind D. clever定语从句或其后的句子其实是一种定义或解释第7页，共60页，2022年，5月20日，8点1分，星期四技巧归纳1: Use _利用_definition or explanation 定义或解释猜测词义mean, refer to, be called, be known as ,can be defined as, in other words, that is , that is to

7、 say, namely，be called，be identified as，to put it differently 括号,引号,破折号，定语从句.etc.第8页，共60页，2022年，5月20日，8点1分，星期四Pruning is important because it encourages the growth of tender shoots(嫩芽）, or young leaves of trees.The word “pruning” means_A. Regular cutting of the plantsB. Frequent wateringC. Regular u

8、se of chemicalsD. Growing the plants high in the mountain技巧归纳 2 ：Using_ 根据_common sense or experience普通常识和经验第9页，共60页，2022年，5月20日，8点1分，星期四技巧归纳3: 利用_ from_2.The period of adolescence, the period between childhood and adulthood ,may be long or short. A 少儿期 B 幼儿期 C 青春期 D 成人期同义/同位语similarity/appositive1.

9、 In fact, only about 80 ocelots, an endangered wild cat, exist in the U.S. today “ocelot” means _an endangered wild cat 第10页，共60页，2022年，5月20日，8点1分，星期四The largest player Shanghai Bashi Tourism Car Center offers a wide variety of choices, such as deluxe sedans, minivans, station wagons, coaches. Santa

10、na sedans are the big favorite of the tourists. The underlined words used in the text refer to _.A. cars in the making B. car rental firms C. cars for rent D. car makers 技巧归纳4: 利用_举例 from examplesSignal words：for example ，for instance，such as ，like，as，etc.第11页，共60页，2022年，5月20日，8点1分，星期四技巧归纳5：利用_From_

11、1. The snow was falling. Big flakes drifted(飘） with the wind like feathers.2. Unlike her gregarious sister, Jane is a shy person who does not like to go to parties or make new friends. 雪花，雪片爱交际的比较或对比 comparison or contrastSignal words: as, like, the same as，unlike, but，however, on the contrary, whil

12、e,insteadect.第12页，共60页，2022年，5月20日，8点1分，星期四技巧归纳6: 利用_ From_(1)Overwork may cause diseases.over（过分的、过量的）workoverwork“工作过度”。(2)There was a dissatisfied look in the managers eyes.dis “不” + satisfied“满意的=dissatisfied “不满意的”。构词法（前缀、后缀、复合、派生等）Word formation第13页，共60页，2022年，5月20日，8点1分，星期四合成 Compounding 转化 C

13、onversion派生 Derivation构词法Word formationprefixsuffix第14页，共60页，2022年，5月20日，8点1分，星期四 表否定 un-, non-, in-, dis- 表相反 un-, de-, dis-, counter- 错误失当 mis-, mal-, pseudo- 表向背 pro-, anti- 表程度 arch-, super-, ultra- , over-, under-, mini-, semi- , 表时间 pre, fore-, post- 表方位 sub-, inter-, trans- prefixdecontrol tr

14、ansplant counterattack解除控制 移植 反击 第15页，共60页，2022年，5月20日，8点1分，星期四suffix-able （能的）-less （无，不）wards （ 向）-ship （身份；资格；权力；性质）-some （ 易于的）hood （状态；性质；时期）-ish （如的；有点儿的）-proof (防的；不能穿透的）-scape （景）-most (最的）waterproof streetscape innermost speechless第16页，共60页，2022年，5月20日，8点1分，星期四 He is said to be “undersized

15、with “short legs and a “round stomach”. （08广东卷）Tales of the supernatural are common in all parts of Britain. （08广东卷）They caught the emotional landscape from heartbreak to joy, but share the undeniable longing for recovery and hope. (2010深一模)派生 Derivation小尺寸的;较矮小的;超自然的风景不可否认的第17页，共60页，2022年，5月20日，8点1

16、分，星期四 He was something out of an ancient legend, his very strange, dusty felt hat, his funny accent from who-knows-where （06广东卷）合成 Compounding 谁都不知是什么地方第18页，共60页，2022年，5月20日，8点1分，星期四 Great cultural changes led to more open communication and a more democratic process that encourages everyone to have

17、a say. （08广东卷）She rested herself against a post close to the tracks（09广东卷）转化 Conversionv.n.发言，发表意见n.v. 倚靠第19页，共60页，2022年，5月20日，8点1分，星期四1. Is he intelligent or stupid? 2.Most women in Ghana the educated and illiterate, the urban and rural, the young and old work to earn an income in addition to maint

18、aining their roles as housewives and mothers. Their reputation for economic independence, self-reliance, and hard work is well known and well deserved.The underlined word “illiterate” in the passage means _. A. Repeated B. reiterated. C uneducated D. sickclever技巧归纳7: 利用_ From_同义词或反义词的关系猜词。 Synonym o

19、r Antonym.第20页，共60页，2022年，5月20日，8点1分，星期四1. I feel that since you are my superior（上司）, it would be presumptuous of me to tell you what to do .”The word “presumptuous” is closest in meaning to “ ” .Afull of respect Brude and too confident Clacking in experience Dtoo shy and quiet B技巧归纳8： 利用_ From _原因与

20、结果关系猜词from Cause and ResultSignal words: because, so, so thathence, thereforeAs a result, assince, for, thus第21页，共60页，2022年，5月20日，8点1分，星期四 The official asked the man what his occupation was. The man told him that he worked as an engineer. A. work B. study C. name D. interest技巧归纳9: Use_ 利用_worked as

21、an engineer.context or related information上下文的语境第22页，共60页，2022年，5月20日，8点1分，星期四利用上下文熟词新义生活常识找信息词指代关系第23页，共60页，2022年，5月20日，8点1分，星期四1. When men and women lived by hunting 50,000 years ago, how could they even begin to picture modern life?2. The mayor made an address to the citizens at the meeting yeste

22、rday. imaginespeech第24页，共60页，2022年，5月20日，8点1分，星期四（ 福建卷） Rainforests like the Amazon are important for mopping up CO2 from the atmosphere and helping to slow global warming. Currently the trees in the Amazon take in around 500 million tons of CO2 each year, equal to the total amount of CO2 giving off

23、 in the UK each year.64.The phrase “ mopping up” in the paragraph means_.A. cleaning up B. taking in C. wiping out D. giving out第25页，共60页，2022年，5月20日，8点1分，星期四 When I first became a reporter I knew a man who gave up a very well paid respectable job at the Daily Telegraph to go and edit a small weekly

24、 newspaper. At the time I was astonished by what appeared to me to be his completely abnormal (反常的) mental state. How could anyone turn his back on Fleet Street in central London for a small local area? The underlined phrase “turn his back on” most probably mean _.A. leave for B. return to C. give u

25、p D. rely on 第26页，共60页，2022年，5月20日，8点1分，星期四 (2009年全国卷I) If your child is unwilling to discuss something, dont insist he tell you whats on his mind. The more you insist, the more likely that hell clam up. 69. What does the phrase “clam up” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A. become excited B. show respec

26、tC. refuse to talk D. seek help第27页，共60页，2022年，5月20日，8点1分，星期四As a woman, I feel unsafe here. I spend a bomb on taxis because I will not take public transport after 10 p. m. I used to use it, but now Im afraid. (04广东卷) 58. The underlined part “it” refers to_.A. a taxi B. the money C. a bomb D. public

27、 transport this ,that, it, them, one等代词指代内容一般是在此词的前面,理解上下文特别是上句的意识和本句的意思是解题的关键.第28页，共60页，2022年，5月20日，8点1分，星期四猜词技巧Tips for guessing the meaning of words1.利用定义或解释2.利用普通常识和经验3.利用同义/同位语4.利用举例 5.利用比较或对比6.利用构词法（前缀、后缀、复合、派生等）7.利用同义词或反义词8.利用原因与结果关系猜词9.利用上下文的语境第29页，共60页，2022年，5月20日，8点1分，星期四More practice.Fini

28、sh Exx.1 to 10 , then discuss the answers with your group. 第30页，共60页，2022年，5月20日，8点1分，星期四1 .A good teacher works in quite a different way. His audience take an active part in his play: they ask and answer questions, they obey orders, and if they dont understand something, they say so.The word “audie

29、nce” in the paragraph means _.A.students B. people who watch a play C. people who act on the stage D. people who listen to something常识 teacherstudents第31页，共60页，2022年，5月20日，8点1分，星期四 2. When some kind of pain killer(止痛药） was brought out recently, researchers found that the colours turned the customers

30、 off because they made the product look weak and ineffective（无效的）.The underlined part “the colours turned the customers off” means that the colours_Attracted the customers stronglyHad weak effects on the customersTricked the customers into shoppingCaused the customers to lose interest D因果关系because第3

31、2页，共60页，2022年，5月20日，8点1分，星期四 3. Collins decided that she must go, although the hazards of the trip were many, for example, the unbearable heat , the possibility of getting lost , the presence of wild animals and poisonous snakes . “hazard” means _A. pleasure, B. problem, C. danger, D. attractionC举例f

32、or example第33页，共60页，2022年，5月20日，8点1分，星期四 4. In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame competition. Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or societyThe underlined phrase “

33、the most vocal” means_Those who try their best to winThose who value competition most highlyThose who are against competition most stronglyThose who rely on others most for successC上下文语境context or related information第34页，共60页，2022年，5月20日，8点1分，星期四 5. Without examinations, employers will look for empl

34、oyees from the highly respected schools and from families known to thema form of favoritism will replace equality. The word “favoritism is used to describe the phenomenon that _. A. bright children also need certificates to get satisfying jobs B. children from well-respected schools tend to have goo

35、d jobs C. poor children with certificates are favored in job markets D. children attending ordinary schools achieve great success 破折号（定义或同位语）第35页，共60页，2022年，5月20日，8点1分，星期四6 . Grown-ups also have a sense of object permanence. That is to say, if we put a box in a room and lock the door, the box will s

36、till be there when we come back. “Object permanence” means that when out of sight, an object _Still exists B. keeps its shapeC. Still stays solid D. is beyond reachA1.定义definitionthat is to say 也就是说2.构词法permanentpermanence第36页，共60页，2022年，5月20日，8点1分，星期四7. A childs birthday party doesnt have to be a h

37、assle; instead, it can be a basket of fun, according to Beth Anaclerio, an Evaston mother of two, ages 4 and 18 months. What does the underlined word hassle“ probably mean? A. a party designed by specialists B. a plan requiring careful thought C. a situation causing difficulty or trouble D. a demand

38、 made by guests 比较comparison(instead相反,反而)第37页，共60页，2022年，5月20日，8点1分，星期四8. William Shakespeare said. “The web of our life is of a mingled yarn（纱线），good and ill together.” The underlined word “mingled” most probably means .Asimple Bmixed Csad DhappyBdefinition or explanation 定义或解释猜测词义第38页，共60页，2022年，

39、5月20日，8点1分，星期四9. The house looked quite normal outside, but inside it was very exotic with fascinating objects on display. As he began putting them into his bag, a god came into the room. It stopped when it saw Buster, then wagged its tail madly and went over to him, licking his outstretched hand. “

40、Good boy,” Buster whispered. “What a great guard dog you are trying to lick me to death.”Which of the definitions is closest in meaning to the word “exotic” ?A Messy and untidy. B. Rich and expensive.C. Comfortable and calming D. Unusual and foreign. 对比contrast normalbutunusual第39页，共60页，2022年，5月20日，

41、8点1分，星期四 10. Lions are opportunists. They prefer to eat without having to do too much work. When resting in the shade, they are also watching the sky to see what is flying by, and even in the heat of the day they will suddenly start up and run a mile across the plains to find out what is going on. I

42、f another animal has made a kill, they will drive it off and take the kill for themselves. By describing lions as “opportunists”, the author means to say that lions _.A. are cruel animals B. are clever animalsC. Like to take advantage of（利用） other animalsD. Like to take every chance to eat构词法及下文解释op

43、portunityist第40页，共60页，2022年，5月20日，8点1分，星期四Practice in the passage第41页，共60页，2022年，5月20日，8点1分，星期四11. He had been getting better but during the night his condition deteriorated.Get worse12.The animal with the longevity is the giant land tortoise which can live several hundreds years. 长寿13. They are ver

44、tebrates, that is, animals have backbones.文中“vertebrates”的意思是_脊椎动物第42页，共60页，2022年，5月20日，8点1分，星期四14. She did not hear what you said because she was completely engrossed in her reading.concentrate/focus her attention on15. But sometimes，no rain falls for a long，long time. Then there is a dry period，or

45、 drought.A long period of shortage of rainfall第43页，共60页，2022年，5月20日，8点1分，星期四16. Do you have any strong opinion on co-educational or single-sex schools? co（共同的）educational 男女同校教育的 17. Those new comers were not used to the life in the suburbs which was so different from that inside the city. country第4

46、4页，共60页，2022年，5月20日，8点1分，星期四Ex2: “The Dave you saw on TV was the real Dave,” says friend Pat Williams, “He wasnt a great actor or a great speaker. He was just Joe Everybody.” 74. “He was just Joe Everybody.” ( in the last paragraph) means _. A. Dave was famous B. Dave was ordinary C. Dave was showy

47、D. Dave was shy 第45页，共60页，2022年，5月20日，8点1分，星期四Ex3: And if youve gathered your friends around you to rebuild a happy family atmosphere(气氛), you may fear that saying no will bring back the kind of conflict you grew up withor destroy the nice atmosphere you now enjoy The underlined word conflict means

48、_.dependent life fierce fight C. bad manners D. painful feeling 第46页，共60页，2022年，5月20日，8点1分，星期四Ex.4: Provide incentive. Tell your children the importance of saving. “For every dollar he or she agrees to save and invest rather than spend, you agree to add another dollar to the pot,” says Cathy Pareto,

49、 expert in money planning. The underlined word “incentive” in this paragraph means _.A Honor B. praise C. excitement D. encouragement第47页，共60页，2022年，5月20日，8点1分，星期四 Here is The Pines ,whose cook has developed a special way of mixing foreign food such as caribou ,wild boar ,and reindeer with surprisin

50、g sauces . （2004年福建卷）According to the passage ,The Pines is a .Aplace in which you can see many mobile homesBmountain where you can get a good view of the valleyCtown which happens to be near the Banff National ParkDrestaurant where you can ask for some special kinds of food 第48页，共60页，2022年，5月20日，8点

51、1分，星期四 Ex.5: Those new comers were not used to the life in the suburbs which was so different from that inside the city. A. town B. capital C. country D. housethe city第49页，共60页，2022年，5月20日，8点1分，星期四1. Do you have any strong opinion on co-educational or single-sex schools? 2.Marry Cassatt gave up her

52、social position and all thought of a husband and a family ,which in those times was unthinkable for a young lady. 3.Finally , renewable energy sources are used even though they are often expensive to develop.coeducational 男女同校教育的 un-think-able 不可思议的renewable 可更新的,可再生的practice第50页，共60页，2022年，5月20日，8点

53、1分，星期四PracticeMark Twain was not the authors real name; it was a pseudonym.2. But sometimes，no rain falls for a long，long time. Then there is a dry period，or drought.a pen name.A long period of shortage of rainfall第51页，共60页，2022年，5月20日，8点1分，星期四The house stood at the end of a quiet neat street. The l

54、ittle dwelling,however,looked neglected and cheerless. 第52页，共60页，2022年，5月20日，8点1分，星期四(2009年福建卷) For an answer, I checked with Tim Flannery, author of The Weather Makers: How Man Is Changing the Climate and What It Means for Life on Earth. In his book, he had challenged readers to make deep cuts in p

55、ersonal emissions to keep the world from reaching extremely important tipping points, such as the melting（融化）of the ice sheets in Greenland or West Antarctica. “To stay below that point, we need to reduce CO2 emissions by 80 percent,” he said. 73. The underlined words “tipping points” most probably

56、refer toA. freezing points B. burning points C. melting points D. boiling points such as第53页，共60页，2022年，5月20日，8点1分，星期四( 广东卷) “Unlike vitamin C, leadership skills cant be easily swallowed down. They must be carefully cultivated.” Different from popular belief, most good leaders are made, not born. Th

57、ey learn their skills in their everyday lives. But which do they develop? How do they (and how can you) get others to follow?The underlined word roughly means _.A. encouraged B. comparedC. examined D. developed第54页，共60页，2022年，5月20日，8点1分，星期四 ( 广东卷）Each of the guests made a particular fuss over Kelly,

58、 the youngest one, admiring her dress, her hair and her smile. They said she was a remarkable girl to be carrying coats upstairs at her age. I thought to myself that we adults usually make a big “to do” over the younger one because shes the one who seems more easily hurt. The underlined expression “

59、make a big “to do” over means _. A. show much concern about B. have a special effect on C. list jobs to be done for D. do good things for because第55页，共60页，2022年，5月20日，8点1分，星期四( 2008年四川卷）Please stay on permitted paths. Otherwise you may destroy desert plants. Pack out what you pack in, so you leave n

60、o signs of your visit. It is important to keep in mind that you are in a national park where wildlife exists. What does the underlined words “pack out what you pack in” probably mean? _A. keep everything out of campgroundsB. take away everything you bring inC. carry all the necessary foodD. look aft