高中英语选择性必修二 04 Unit 2 Section A Reading and Thinking-2020-2021学年课时同步练（解析版）

1、Unit 2 Bridging cultures2.1 Reading and ThinkingI.阅读理解1Our culture is the system we use to build our identity. All living things are part of a culture. Even animals have a culture! So what is culture? Its the way we behave in a group. It begins with each individual (单个的) family. Within our families

2、we do things to build relationships with each other. This can include routines like daily housework and weekly shopping. It also includes traditions. Traditions are activities that are repeated on a regular basis.Culture is not limited to individual family groups. The real strength of culture is in

3、larger community groups. These larger groups are called societies. Every society makes rules for itself. It decides how people should act in different situations. Some of these rules are written down. Some are just things that are naturally expected of all members of that society.Often, cultures can

4、 be recognized by what the people believe. Cultures are also known by what they choose to include in their art. Sometimes cultures may be formed by people who speak the same language. Cultures may also be known for their customs, including the foods they make and the things they do.Our cultures help

5、 us understand who we are and what we believe. There are very strong feelings connecting us to our own society. Two different cultures may disagree on something, especially if they both feel strongly about it. When that happens, war is a common result.People are learning better ways to communicate w

6、ith each other. The more we communicate, the more we appreciate the differences in cultures.1. The underlined word routines in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to _.A. hobbiesB. behaviorsC. formal activitiesD. daily activities2. Where does the real strength of culture?A. In arts.B. In societies.C.

7、In families.D. In languages.3. Which of the following may the author disagree with according to the passage?A. Culture doesnt exist in animals.B. Culture is the way we behave.C. Cultures may not agree with each other.D. Cultures help us understand ourselves.4. How can people appreciate cultural diff

8、erences?A. By building a wall.B. By preparing to fight.C. By communicating.D. By making friends.5. What is the best title for the passage?A. What Is Culture?B. What Is Society?C. What Is Tradition?D. What Is System?【答案】1. D2. B3. A4. C5. A【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了文化及其范畴。文化是人们在群体生活中表现出来的行为，所有的生物都是文化的一部分，甚至动物

9、也有文化。1. 词义猜测题。根据划线词后的like daily housework and weekly shopping像每天的家务活和每周购物。由此可知，This can include routines like daily housework and weekly shopping.中的划线部分的意思是“日常活动”。故选D项。2. 细节理解题。根据第二段中The real strength of culture is in larger community groups. These larger groups are called societies.“文化的真正力量在于更大的社区群

10、体。这些较大的群体被称为社会。”由此可知，文化的真正力量在社会。故选B项。3. 推理判断题。根据第三段中Often, cultures can be recognized by what the people believe.“通常，文化可以由人们的信仰来识别。” 和第四段中Our cultures help us understand who we are and what we believe. There are very strong feelings connecting us to our own society. Two different cultures may disagr

11、ee on something, especially if they both feel strongly about it.“我们的文化帮助我们了解我们是谁，我们相信什么。我们与自己的社会有着非常强烈的联系。两种不同的文化可能会在某些事情上产生分歧，尤其是当他们都对此有强烈的感受时。”由此推知作者可能不同意A项Culture doesnt exist in animals.“动物中不存在文化。”故选A项。4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段People are learning better ways to communicate with each other. The more we com

12、municate, the more we appreciate the differences in cultures.“人们正在学习更好的交流方式。我们交流得越多，就越欣赏文化上的差异。”由此推知，人们通过交流来欣赏文化差异。故选C项。5. 标题判断题。根据第一段中Our culture is the system we use to build our identity. All living things are part of a culture. Even animals have a culture! So what is culture? Its the way we beha

13、ve in a group.“我们的文化是我们用来建立自己身份的系统。所有的生物都是文化的一部分。甚至动物也有文化!那么什么是文化呢?这是我们在群体中的行为方式。”由此推知，这篇文章的最佳主题是A.项What Is Culture?“文化是什么？”。故选A项。2Researchers are often interested in how culture changes over time. All cultures go through periods of change and some cultures change faster than others. For example, in

14、 the past 10 years, Chinese culture has changed rapidly as western products have become popular. Other countries, such as France, have created rules to prevent their culture from changing too quickly.Even though cultures change at different paces, the causes of cultural change are quite similar arou

15、nd the world. One of these is technology and medicine. In the United States the invention and development of birth control pills and other measures helped parents to limit the size of their families. As a result, families grew smaller and parents could give more attention to fewer children. On the o

16、ther hand, new technology has also created emotional distance among families.Cultures also change when they come into contact with other cultures. Immigration, for example, often results in cultural change for both immigrants and the host culture. Immigrants often bring with them different ideas, fo

17、od, music, language, and manners when they move to a new culture. In Canada, for example, the government has a policy of multiculturalism where immigrants are encouraged to share their background cultures with Canadians while adopting and accepting Canadian culture.Cultural change can occur due to l

18、arger events. For example, economic depression, war, and disaster can endanger societies, which must adapt to these challenges and events. Because of these changes in society, ideas and ways of life also affect the entire culture. For example, during World War II, many American men were sent far off

19、 to fight. Consequently, women were suddenly needed to work in the factories. As a result of this change, it is no longer culturally acceptable to believe that they should not have the right to work.6. In the first paragraph which country has experienced rapid cultural change in the last decade?A. C

20、anada.B. China.C. France.D. America.7. What will probably be talked about following the last paragraph?A. Another reason for cultural change.B. A discussion of immigration policy in France.C. Another cultural change caused by World War II.D. Some examples of highly successful working women.8. What w

21、ould be a good title for this passage?A. Immigration Policy and CultureB. Immigration and CultureC. New Technology and Family CultureD. Theories of Cultural Change【答案】6. B7. A8. D【分析】本文属于议论文，主题语境是社会与文化。本文主要讨论了文化变迁的几种原因。6. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段For example, in the past 10 years, Chinese culture has changed ra

22、pidly as western products have become popular.可知，在过去的十年里，中国文化变化非常快，故选B。7. 推理判断题。根据第三、四两段的首句Cultures also change when they come into contact with other cultures.以及Cultural change can occur due to larger events.分别提出了文化变迁的两种不同原因，故而接下去还会提出一种不同的原因，故选A。8. 主旨大意题。本文主要讨论了文化变迁的几种原因，故而以”文化变迁理论”符合文意，故选D。3Two hu

23、ndred years ago, American students went to American schools. Like you, they studied math, spelling and geography. Unlike you, they also studied Greek (希腊语) and Latin (拉丁语). In fact, students spent more than half their time studying Greek and Latin.The same was true for most students in Europe. Until

24、 the seventh century, all educated Europeans knew Latin. It did not matter if they lived in England, Italy, France or Spain. If they were educated, they knew Latin.During the seventh century, educated Europeans began to study Greek as well as Latin. Greek and Latin had been the leading languages of

25、the ancient Greeks and Romans. All educated Europeans were expected to know these languages.To educated Europeans, the languages of the Greeks and the Romans were important. The ideas of the Greeks and Romans were also important. People knew that many of their own ideas had come from the Greeks and

26、the Romans. To understand their own culture, they must understand its origin (起源). They knew that those beginnings lay in the classical (古典文学的) world.Today we have so many things to study that few people have time to learn Greek and Latin. Few of you will study either language in school. Yet the ide

27、as of the Greeks and the Romans are still important to us. These ideas still help to shape western culture today. To understand our own culture, we must understand the culture of the classical world.9. Two hundred years ago, in American schools _.A. there were many educated GreeksB. Greek and Latin

28、were very popularC. students paid little attention to mathD. students knew little about geography10. According to the text, Europeans thought _.A. the origin of their culture was unknownB. the ideas of the Greeks were unacceptableC. Greek was much more important than LatinD. the Romans had a great i

29、nfluence on their culture11. Where does the author of the text probably come from?A. Japan.B. Greece.C. America.D. China.12. In the last paragraph, the author suggests that _.A. its of great value to learn Greek and LatinB. its quite difficult to learn Greek and LatinC. the culture of the classical

30、world is useless nowadaysD. Western culture is quite different from Greek and Roman cultures【答案】9. B10. D11. C12. A【分析】本文是议论文。在200年前美国和欧洲就学习希腊语和拉丁语，作者认为现在也应该学习这两种语言。作者认为希腊人和罗马人的思想影响了今天的西方文化。要了解西方文化，就必须了解古典世界的文化。9. 细节理解题。根据第1段“Unlike you, they also studied Greek and Latin ”可知，两百年前的美国学生还学习希腊语和拉丁语，说明当时

31、希腊语和拉丁语很普及。故选B项。10. 推理判断题。根据第4段“many of their own ideas had come from the Greeks and the Romans. To understand their own culture, they must understand its origin”可知，当时欧洲人认为要了解自己的文化，他们必须了解文化的起源，而当时的思想、文化来源于希腊人和罗马人。因此欧洲人认为罗马人对他们的文化有着极大的影响。故选D项。11. 推理判断题。根据第五段“These ideas still help to shape western cu

32、lture today”作者认为这些思想仍然影响着今天的西方文化。因此可以看出，作者是来自西方文化国家，可能是美国人。故选C项。12. 推理判断题。根据第五段“To understand our own culture, we must understand the culture of the classical world”可知，作者认为希腊人和罗马人的思想影响着今天的西方文化。要了解他们自己的文化，就必须了解古典世界的文化。因此学习希腊语和拉丁语的价值在于可以帮助了解自己的文化。故选A 项。II.七选五Do you think studying in a different countr

33、y is something that sounds very exciting? Certainly, it is a new experience, which brings the opportunity of discovering fascinating things and a feeling of freedom. 13. You will experience culture shock. Evidently, at least four essential stages of culture-shock adjustment occur.The first stage is

34、called the honeymoon. In this stage, you feel excitement about living in a different place, and everything seems to be marvelous. 14. Eventually, however, the second stage of culture shock appears. This is the hostility stage. 15. You become tired of many things about the new culture. Moreover, peop

35、le dont treat you like a guest anymore. Everything that seemed to be so wonderful at first is now awful, and everything makes you feel distressed and tired.Then you come to the third stage called recovery. You start feeling more positive, and you try to develop comprehension of everything you dont u

36、nderstand. The whole situation starts to become more favorable. 16. The last stage of culture shock is called adjustment. 17. The things that initially made you feel uncomfortable or strange are now things that you understand. Now you feel comfortable; you have adjusted to the new culture.A. Actuall

37、y, culture shock is something you cannot avoid when studying in a foreign country.B. You have reached a point where you feel good because you have learned enough to understand the new culture.C. You like everything, and everybody seems to be so nice to you.D. You recover from the symptoms of the fir

38、st two stages.E.In spite of these advantages, however, there are also some challenges you will encounter.F.However, when you have completely adjusted to a new culture you can more fully enjoy it.G.You begin to notice that not everything is as good as you had originally thought it was.【答案】13. E14. C1

39、5. G16. D17. B【分析】这是一篇说明文。作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了在不同的国家学习是一个新的体验，但也要注意文化冲击。13. 后文You will experience culture shock. (你会经历文化冲击。)与E. In spite of these advantages, however, there are also some challenges you will encounter. (然而，尽管有这些优势，你也会遇到一些挑战。)承接自然，选项所指的挑战，就是下文提到的文化冲击，故选E项。14. 前文In this stage, you feel exc

40、itement about living in a different place, and everything seems to be marvelous. (在这个阶段，你会对生活在一个不同的地方感到兴奋，一切似乎都很奇妙。)与C. You like everything, and everybody seems to be so nice to you. (你喜欢一切，每个人似乎都对你很好。)承接自然，因为感到兴奋和巧妙，所以对一切都很喜欢，此外excitement和nice, like是关键词，故选C项。15. 后文You become tired of many things ab

41、out the new culture. (你会对新文化的很多东西感到厌倦)与G. You begin to notice that not everything is as good as you had originally thought it was. (你开始注意到，并不是所有的事情都像你最初认为的那样好)承接自然，因为感到厌倦，所以认为一些东西不是当初想象的那样给美好，此外bored和not as good as是关键词，故选G项。16. 前文The whole situation starts to become more favorable. (整个形势开始好转)与D. You

42、 recover from the symptoms of the first two stages. (你会从前两个阶段的症状中恢复过来)承接自然，且选项中的recover和本段的中心句Then you come to the third stage called recovery.中的recovery是关键词，故选D项。17. 下文The things that initially made you feel uncomfortable or strange are now things that you understand. (那些一开始让你不舒服或者感到奇怪的东西，现在你都理解了)与

43、B. You have reached a point where you feel good because you have learned enough to understand the new culture. (你已经达到了一个感觉良好的阶段，因为你已经学到了足够多的东西来理解新的文化)承接自然，understand是关键词，故选B项。III.完形填空Most people get rid of their leftover foods，but in Nigerian-born visual artist Haneefah Adams kitchen，theyre put to g

44、ood use. Adam，28，is famous for 18 food in creative ways，using it to make portraits and other works of art. She has 19 been artistic. Her mother said she had a 20 for art. Now，shes building a career out of changing food into art. “I do 21 portraits and also often sew and paint，but what 22 me the most

45、 is food art，”she says. Adam is inspired by 23 things，including life experiences and culture. She 24 everything around her as something that can be made into art. In 2016，she 25 the TechMeetsArtNG exhibition，which was 26 and funded by Samsung Nigeria and Rele Gallery. 27 the competition，my art was m

46、ostly random，and I was just recording food art on social media. But after winning，I started to think about 28 making a living from food art，”she says. Winning the competition kick-started Adams 29 and her full-time job is now 30 art for food brands such as Maggi and Dangote Salt. “I want to 31 in mo

47、re exhibitions. I currently live in Kwara，northern Nigeria；it is diffcult to 32 in the countrys art scene from here，”she says.18. A. distributingB. mixingC. presentingD. selling19. A. alwaysB. hardlyC. neverD. usually20. A. dilemmaB. reputationC. standardD. talent21. A. alternativeB. regularC. compu

48、lsoryD. specific22. A. excitesB. puzzlesC. rejectsD. presses23. A. artificialB. modestC. randomD. visual24. A. collectsB. devotesC. inspectsD. sees25. A. competedB. heldC. wonD. performed26. A. sponsoredB. donatedC. expandedD. possessed27. A. AfterB. SinceC. WhileD. Before28. A. activelyB. frequentl

49、yC. mildlyD. roughly29. A. viewB. spaceC. rewardD. career30. A. 1earningB. creatingC. advertisingD. developing31. A. giveB. bringC. resultD. participate32. A. set an exampleB. have a tryC. make a differenceD. break a record【答案】18. C19. A20. D21. B22. A23. C24. D25. C26. A27. D28. A29. D30. B31. D32.

50、 C【分析】这是一篇记叙文。来自尼日利亚的年轻女艺术家把日常的食物变成艺术品。从开始自己的随意设计到后来的获奖，从而把这门艺术变成了自己的职业。18. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：28岁的亚当以创造性的方式展示食物而闻名，她用食物来制作肖像和其他艺术品。A. distributing 分配，散步；B. mixing（使）混合；C. presenting 赠送，呈现，展示；D. selling 销售，出售。分析句子，划线后提到 “用食物来制作肖像和其他艺术品” 可知，这是她用创意的方法来 “展示” 食物。故选C项。19. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她一直很有艺术气质。A. always总是，一直；B.

51、 hardly 几乎C. never从不；D. usually 通常，经常。分析句子，下文提到她妈妈说Adam从小就有艺术天赋。因此可知她一直以来都具有艺术气质。故选A项。20. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她母亲说她有艺术天赋。A. dilemma 困境；B. reputation 名声，名望；C. standard 标准；D. talent 才能，天才。分析句子，前文提到她一直以来都具有艺术气质可知，她具有艺术的天赋。Have a talent for 译为 “有做某事的天赋” ，是固定短语。故选D项。21. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我经常画肖像，也经常缝纫和绘画，但最让我兴奋的是食物艺术。

52、A. alternative 供选择的；B. regular 定期的，经常的；C. compulsory 义务的；D. specific 特殊的。分析句子，根据后面的also often sew and paint可知，她经常画一些素描肖像画。故选B项。22. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但最让我兴奋的是食物艺术。A. excites使兴奋；B. puzzles 使困惑；C. rejects 拒绝；D. presses 按压。分析句子，前句提到经常画肖像，也经常缝纫和绘画。划线前出现了 “但是” 前后相反。最 “兴奋” 的还是食物艺术。故选A项。23. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：亚当的灵感来自于随

53、机事物，包括生活经历和文化。A. artificial人造的；B. modest 谦虚的；C. random随机的；D. visual 视觉的。分析句子，根据后文my art was mostly random也可知，她开始的艺术基本都是随性的。故选C项24. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在她看来，周围的一切都可以被做成艺术品。A. collects 收集；B. devotes 致力于；C. inspects 检查，视察；D. sees 看见，理解。分析句子，上文提到她的灵感来自生活中随意的事情，所以此处表示她把自己周边的一切事物都看成可以被创作成艺术的灵感素材。故选D项。25. 考查动词词义辨析

54、。句意：2016年，她赢得了由三星尼日利亚和Rele画廊赞助和资助的TechMeetsArtNG展览。A. competed 竞争，对抗；B. held 握住，具体，抬起；C. won 赢得D. performed 执行，表演。分析句子，根据后文的 “But after winning” 可知，她获胜了。故选C项。26. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：2016年，她赢得了由三星尼日利亚和Rele画廊赞助和资助的TechMeetsArtNG展览。A. sponsored 赞助；B. donated 捐赠；C. expanded 扩大；D. possessed 拥有，具有。分析句子，根据后面并列的fun

55、ded可知，Samsung Nigeria and Rele Gallery赞助了这次展览比赛。故选A项。27. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：在比赛之前，我的艺术大多是随机的，我只是在社交媒体上记录美食艺术。A. After在之后；B. Since 自从，因为；C. While当时，尽管；D. Before 在之前。分析句子，此处和后文的“But after winning”构成前后转折。故选D项。28. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：但在获奖后，我开始考虑积极地以食品艺术为生。A. actively积极地；B. frequently 频繁地； C. mildly温和地；D. roughly 粗糙地。分

56、析句子，前文提到 “在比赛前我的艺术大多是随机的” ，此处表示前后相反，但是赢得比赛后我就积极考虑以食品艺术为生了。故选A项。29. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：赢得比赛，开启了Adam的职业生涯，她现在的全职工作是为Maggi和Dangote Salt等食品品牌创作艺术品。A. view 观点，看法；B. space 空间，太空；C. reward 报酬，奖励；D. career 职业；生涯。分析句子，根据and her full-time job可知，此处和and后的全职并列，开启了Adam的职业生涯。故选D项。30. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她现在的全职工作是为Maggi和Dangote Salt等食品品牌创作艺术品。A. 1earning 学习；B. creating创造；C. advertising 做广告；D. developing 发展。分析句子，前文提到她用创意的方法来表现事物，并因此获奖。所以她现在为那些品牌食物创造各种艺术形式。故选B。31. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想参加更多的展览。A. give 给；B. bring 拿来；C. result 导致；D. participate 参加。分析句子，根据后句的“我现在住在尼日利亚北部的Kwara，从这里很难改变这个国家的艺术环境”可知，Adam只能参加更多展览