高中英语 语法定语从句课件 新人教

1、2021/8/11 星期三1定语从句The attributive clause2021/8/11 星期三2引导定语从句的关系代词的用法： that which who whom whose 1. that在从句中作主语或宾语，指人和物。 A plane is a machine that can fly.主语The noodles that I ate were delicious.宾语Lets ask the man that is reading the book over there.主语The girl that we saw yesterday is Jimsister.宾语2.

2、Which在从句中作主语或宾语，指物。They planted the trees which didnt need much water.主语2021/8/11 星期三3The fish which we bought were not fresh.宾语3. who whom 在从句中分别作主语和宾语，代指人 (口语中who也可作宾语)。The foreigner who visited our school yesterday is from Canada.The boy who broke the window is called Michael. The person to whom

3、you just talked is Mr. Li. Mr. Read is the professor to whom you should write.主语宾语宾语4. whose 在从句中作定语，指人或物Miss Flower is the teacher whose house caught fire last week. (whose=the teahers)This is the boy whose composition the teacher talked of . (whose=the boys)主语2021/8/11 星期三4This is the book whose c

4、over is blue.(whose=the books)关系代词whose还可以在从句中与它所修饰的词一起作介词宾语The boss in whose company my father worked is a very kind person.Fill in the blanks with who, whom, that, which or whose1. The earthquake_ hit the city in 1906 was the biggest in American history.2. We dont know the number of people _ lost

5、their homes in 1906 earthquake3. The house _ they built in 1987 stayed up in the earthquake.which / thatwho/thatWhich/that2021/8/11 星期三54. A house _ is built on sand may fall down in a earthquake. 5. Luckily none of the people _ I know were killed in the earthquake .6. Harry is the boy _ mother is o

6、ur maths teacher .which / thatwho/whom/thatwhose引导定语从句的关系副词的用法： why, when, where 关系副词 先行词在从句中的作用when(=at/in/on which) 表示时间的名词 时间状语where(=in/at which) 表示地点的名词 地点状语why(=for which) reason 原因状语2021/8/11 星期三61.where 表地点，只能跟在表示地点的名词后，它在定语从句中做地点状语This is the school where (=at which) I used to teach.What is

7、 the name of the town where (=in which) we stayed last night.2. when表示时间，只能跟在表时间的名词后。Tell me the time when the train leaves.I will never forget the day when I joined the army.Do you remember the days which/that we spent on the farm?3. why表示原因，通常跟在reason后引导定语从句。I dont know the reason why he left here

8、.2021/8/11 星期三7用where, which, when, whose, why, that填空1. Dorothy always spoke highly of her role in the play _ , of course, made the others unhappy.2. I shall never forget the days _ I lived in the country with my parents.3. The factory _ his brother works lies in the south of the city.4. They took

9、care of the old man _ son lost his life in the fire.5. I dont know the reason _ he didnt come.6. Is that the reason _ he gave to you?whichwhenwherewhosewhywhich2021/8/11 星期三87. Hangzhou is a city _ there is a beautiful lake. Hangzhou is a city _ have a beautiful lake.8. This is the factory _ my fath

10、er works. This is the factory _ we visited yesterday.9. I still remember the day _ I first came to Beijing. I still remember the day _ we spent together.wherewhich/thatwherewhich/thatwhenwhich/that2021/8/11 星期三9 that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下, 一般用that而不用which。I am sure she has something (that) yo

11、u can borrow.Ive read all the books that are not mine. This is the first book (that) he has read.This is the very book that belongs to him.(1) 先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代词时。(2)先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等 修饰时。(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。(4)先行词被the only,

12、 the very, the same, the last修饰时。2021/8/11 星期三10(5). 当先行词既包括人又包括物时eg. They talked for about half an hour of things and persons that they remembered in the school.(6)如果两个从句，其中一个关系代词引用which, 另一个用that 避免重复。He built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.(7)主句是there be 结构，修饰其

13、主语的定语从句用that.There is a book on the desk that belongs to Frank.(8)先行词为what, 关系代词用that.What that is on the table belongs to me.有时为了避免重复而使用that 引导的定语从句。Which is the car that hit the boy?Who was the man that she danced with?2021/8/11 星期三11Compare the following pairs of sentences and find the difference

14、s between them.My daughter, who studies in the United States, rang me yesterday.My daughter who studies in the United states rang me yesterday.She told me something that happened yesterday.She told me something untrue, which made me angry. 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句表意起限定作用，若被省去，原句意义不完整。起说明补充作用，若被省去，原句意义不受影响。功

15、能修饰先行词修饰先行词或整个主句形式无逗号与主句分开有逗号与主句分开可以用that引导不能用that引导2021/8/11 星期三121. He gave me a pen he bought yesterday.2. He gave me a pen, which he bought yesterday.Look at the following sentences and tell the differences of the Attributive Clauses.关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可 以省略。关系代词在非限制性定语从句中作宾语不可以省略。2021/8/11 星期三13w

16、hich在非限定性定语从句中可以代表主句中的一部分甚至全部内容，而不仅限于一个名词或代词，这时which引导的从句修饰整个主句。He changed his mind, which made me very angry.They rely on themsevles, which is much better.He has to work on Sundays, which he doesnt like.在非限定性定语从句中，which还可以作定语。He is studying economics, which knowledge is very important today.Tom spe

17、nt four years in college, during which time he learned German.在非限定性定语从句中，不能用that，作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。I passed him a large glass of whisky, which he drank immediately.Can you see a woman in a hat, whom Mr. Li is speaking to?2021/8/11 星期三14在非限定性定语从句中，限定词（如some, any, none, all, both, several, enough,many及fe

18、w）可与of which或of whom连用。Its a family of eight children, all of whom are studying music.Weve tested three hundred types of boots, none of which is completed waterproof.He has two brothers, both of whom are living in Beijing.PractisingChoose the best answer.1.Do you remember the deer farm we visited tw

19、o months ago? A. why B. when C. that D. how 2.Anyway, that evening, _ Ill tell you more about later, was really terrible. A. when B. where C. that D. which2021/8/11 星期三153.John said hed been working in the lab for an hour, _ was true. A. that B. whichC. whoD. what4.Anne always spoke highly of her co

20、lleagues in the movie, _, of course, made the others very happy. A. who B. whichC. thatD. what 5.Chongqing is the city _ she lived when she was young. A. where B. whichC. whenD. how 6.Do you know the reasons _ he came back? A. how B. whichC. thatD. why 2021/8/11 星期三16一、as引导限制性定语从句主要结构有： the sameas;

21、asas; suchas; soas主句中出现the same, as, such, so修饰先行词，需选择as做关系代词在定语从句中做主语或宾语。1.Its the same person as we wanted to find yesterday . 我们昨天要找的是同一个人。2.Do you have such books as we like ? 你有我们喜欢那种书吗？4.She will marry as healthy a man as she can find . 她将嫁给她能找到的任何一个有钱人。5.There is so warm a house as we want to

22、 live in . 这里有如此暖和的房子，我们都想住在里面。当 the same修饰先行词时，引导定语从句的关系代词可用as, 也可用that。用that表示他所引导的内容与先行词所讲的事物是同一个；用as既可表示“同一”又可表示“同类”。This is the same bicycle that I have lost.这是我丢失的那辆自行车。This is the same bicycle as I have lost.这辆自行车跟我丢的那辆一样。2021/8/11 星期三17二、as引导非限制性定语从句 as引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句内容，从句可置于句首，句中或句尾 1. As

23、 everyone knows ,China is a beautiful country with a long history . 每个人都知道，中国是一个有着悠久历史的美丽国家。 2.The earth , as we know , moves round the sun . 地球，我们都知道，围着太阳转。 3.Tom works hard and is willing to help others, as we all know. 汤母工作努力，并且乐于助人，这一点我们都知道。 非限制性定语从句中的谓语为被动式时，常用as做主语be said/known/announced/repor

24、ted/mentioned/expected/discussed.As is known to all , TaiWan is part of China . as引导非限制性定语从句，有“如，似，正像”的含义，因此，下列句式多用as as has been said above 如上所说 as anybody can see 正像每个人所看到的那样 as we had expected 正如我们所预料的那样1.Things are not always as they appear. 事情并不一直像他们表面那样。2.The boy has as much progress as we had

25、 expected. 正像我们所预料的那样，这个男孩取得了大的进步。2021/8/11 星期三18关系代词做介词的宾语时(prepwhich/whom)关系代词whom, which 在从句中做介词宾语时，可以和介词一起放在先行词和从句之间。为了使关系代词紧跟他所修饰的词，也可以把介词放在从句中有关动词的后面。The athlete to whom you talked is a famous runner.b. 含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，借此仍放在动词之后。Is this the watch which he is looking for？2021/8/11 星期三19c. 关系代词that 在从句中做介词宾语时，介词不能放在它的前面，只能放在从句中有关动词的后面The city that she lives in is very far away.d. 关系代词whose 也可以在从句中与它所修饰的名词一起做介宾短语The boss in whose company my father worked is a very kind person.2021/8/11 星期三20Good bye!2021/8/11 星期