软硬件协同设计技术课件

1、软硬件协同设计技术软硬件协同设计技术2022/9/102软硬件协同设计定义与主要概念软硬件协同设计定义The meeting of system-level objectives by exploiting the trade-offs between hardware and software in a system through their concurrent design主要概念Concurrent（并发）: hardware and software developed at the same time on parallel pathsIntegrated（交互）: intera

2、ction between hardware and software developments to produce designs that meet performance criteria and functional specifications2022/9/44软硬件协同设计定义与主要概念软硬件协同设计2022/9/103嵌入式系统快速原型设计过程SYSTEMDEF.SWDESIGNVIRTUAL PROTOTYPEREUSE DESIGN LIBRARIES AND DATABASEPrimarilysoftwarePrimarilyhardwareSWCODEFUNCTIOND

3、ESIGNHW & SWPART.HWDESIGNHWFABINTEG.& TESTHW & SW CODESIGNHW & SW Partitioning & Codesign2022/9/45嵌入式系统快速原型设计过程SYSTEMDE2022/9/104嵌入式系统快速原型开发的基本要素系统定义（需求分析）软硬件划分结构规划 处理器类型, 软硬件之间的接口类型, 等.划分目的 满足系统速度,延迟, 体积,成本等方面的要求.划分策略 - high level partitioning by hand, automated partitioning using various technique

4、s, etc.调度Operation scheduling in hardwareInstruction scheduling in compilersProcess scheduling in operating systems软硬件设计过程中的建模2022/9/46嵌入式系统快速原型开发的基本要素系统定义（2022/9/105传统的嵌入式系统设计模型SystemConceptsSys/HWRequire.AnalysisSys/SWRequire.AnalysisOperation.Testing and Eval.SoftwareRequire.AnalysisPrelim.Design

5、DetailedDesignCoding,Unit test.,Integ. testSW DevelopmentHWCITestingCSCITestingSystemInteg. and testHardwareRequire.AnalysisPrelim.DesignDetailedDesignFabric.HW Development2022/9/47传统的嵌入式系统设计模型SystemSys2022/9/106传统的嵌入式系统设计过程传统软硬件设计过程的基本特征:系统在一开始就被划分为软件和硬件两大部分软件和硬件独立进行开发设计“Hardware first” approach of

6、ten adopted隐含的一些问题:软硬件之间的交互受到很大限制软硬件之间的相互性能影响很难评估系统集成相对滞后，NRE较大因此:Poor quality designs（设计质量差）Costly modifications（设计修改难）Schedule slippages（研制周期不能有效保障）2022/9/48传统的嵌入式系统设计过程传统软硬件设计过程2022/9/107传统设计过程中的尖锐矛盾随着设计复杂程度的提高，软硬件设计中的一些错误将使开发过程付出昂贵的代价 “Hardware first” approach often compounds software cost becau

7、se software must compensate for hardware inadequacies2022/9/49传统设计过程中的尖锐矛盾随着设计复杂程度的2022/9/108软硬件设计过程发展方向协同设计SystemConceptsSys/HWRequire.AnalysisSys/SWRequire.AnalysisHardwareRequire.AnalysisSoftwareRequire.AnalysisOperation.Testing and EvaluationSW DevelopmentHW DevelopmentSystemInteg. and testHWCIT

8、estingCSCITestingFranke91Integrated Modeling SubstrateIntegrated Modeling SubstratePrelim.DesignPrelim.DesignDetailedDesignDetailedDesignFabric.Coding,Unit test.,Integ. test IEEE 19912022/9/410软硬件设计过程发展方向协同设计Sys2022/9/109软硬件协同设计的基本需求统一的软硬件描述方式软硬件支持统一的设计和分析工具（技术）允许在一个集成环境中仿真（评估）系统软硬件设计支持系统任务在软件和硬件设计之

9、间的相互移植交互式软硬件划分技术允许多个不通的软硬件划分设计进行仿真和比较辅助最优系统实现方式决策Partitioning applied to modules to best meet design criteria (functionality and performance goals)2022/9/411软硬件协同设计的基本需求统一的软硬件描述2022/9/1010软硬件协同设计的基本需求 (cont.)完整的软硬件模型基础Supports evaluation at several stages of the design processSupports step-wise deve

10、lopment and integration of hardware and software正确的验证方法确保系统设计达到目标要求2022/9/412软硬件协同设计的基本需求 (cont.)2022/9/1011典型的软硬件协同设计过程 SystemIntegrationInstruction set levelHW/SW evaluationUnified representation(Data/control flow) HW/SWPartitioning Interface Synthesis Software SynthesisSWHardware SynthesisHW Syst

11、em Description(Functional)Concurrent processesProgramming languages FSM-directed graphs Another HW/SWpartition2022/9/413典型的软硬件协同设计过程 2022/9/1012经典的软硬件协同设计方法Analysis of Constraintsand RequirementsSystem Specs.HW/SWPartitioningHardware Descript.Software Descript.HW Synth. andConfigurationInterface Syn

12、thesisSoftware Gen.& ParameterizationConfigurationModulesHardwareComponentsHW/SWInterfacesSoftwareModulesHW/SW Integrationand CosimulationIntegratedSystemSystem EvaluationDesign Verification IEEE 19942022/9/414经典的软硬件协同设计方法Analysis2022/9/1013软硬件协同设计的优势在设计初始阶段就可进行软硬件交互设计和调整Provides continual verificat

13、ion throughout the design cycle（贯穿整个设计周期）Separate HW/SW development paths can lead to costly modifications and schedule slippages关键技术（如可编程逻辑综合技术、器件接口和功能模型描述）的进步 使得软硬件交互设计变得简单起来2022/9/415软硬件协同设计的优势在设计初始阶段就可进2022/9/1014软硬件协同设计技术的现状主要问题:Lack of a standardized representationLack of good validation and e

14、valuation methods可能的解决方案:Extend existing hardware/software languages to the use of heterogeneous paradigmsExtend formal verification techniques to the HW/SW domain基于FPGA的嵌入式系统设计SOPC设计2022/9/416软硬件协同设计技术的现状主要问题:2022/9/1015软硬件协同设计基本步骤HW-SW system involvesSpecification（设计描述）modeling （设计建模）design space

15、exploration and partitioningsynthesis and optimization（综合与优化）Validation（设计验证）implementation （设计实现）2022/9/417软硬件协同设计基本步骤HW-SW sys2022/9/1016软硬件协同设计基本步骤Specification（设计描述）List the functions of a system that describe the behavior of an abstraction clearly with out ambiguity.Modeling（设计建模）Process of con

16、ceptualizing and refining the specifications, and producing a hardware and software model.2022/9/418软硬件协同设计基本步骤Specifica2022/9/1017软硬件协同设计基本步骤Validation:Process of achieving a reasonable level of confidence（置信度） that the system will work as designed.Takes different flavors per application domain（根据应

17、用领域而不同）: cosimulation for performance and correctness（性能与功能的协同仿真）2022/9/419软硬件协同设计基本步骤Validatio2022/9/1018软硬件协同设计基本步骤Implementation:Physical realization of the hardware (through synthesis) and of executable software (through compilation).2022/9/420软硬件协同设计基本步骤Implement2022/9/1019协同设计中的软硬件划分与调度A hardw

18、are/software partitioning represents a physical partition of system functionality into application-specific hardware and software.Scheduling is to assign an execution start time to each task in a set, where tasks are linked by some relations.2022/9/421协同设计中的软硬件划分与调度A hard2022/9/1020软硬件协同设计工具Mentor的SeamlessCadence的2022/9/422软硬件协同设计工具Mentor的Seam2022/9/1021Bonus讨论实例：嵌入式网络视频播放器（1）协同设计问题（2）硬件设计实现2022/9/423Bonus讨论实例：嵌入式网络视频播放器2022/9/1022嵌入式网络视频播放器ModemISDNADSL远程服务器PSTNUSB1.1Ethernet控制器串口1串口2VGA inVGA outAudio out多媒体终端设置终端(NoteBook)LC