高中定语从句总复习 完整版课件PPT

1、定语从句基础篇定语的定义(Definition)The attributive is used to modify a noun or a pronoun. 定语是用来修饰限定_或_的词或词组或句子。 名词代词 The girl who is driving too fast is Kate . 先行词关系词修饰限定名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。关系代词关系副词thatwhichwhowhomwhoseaswhenwherewhythat主语宾语表语定语状语人或物时间地点原因关系词指代指代功能功能定从缺主语：who, which, that定从缺宾语：whom, which, who, that

2、 (可省）定从缺表语：that (可省）定从缺定语：whose (表所属关系,可指人的或物的）what不引导定从!1.The watch that I bought yesterday works well.2.Shakespeare , whose plays are very popular, was a great writer.限制性定语从句 the restrictive attributive clause非限制性定语从句the non-restrictive attributive clausethat不能引导非限制性定语从句 A Key to You: 定从解题的关键:看定从中

3、缺少什么成分.-缺什么就选什么!当定从缺少“主宾表定”就选关系代词，当定从缺少“状语”就选关系副词。怎样判断句子成分？1.谓语：动词使用了时态就可判断为谓语。2.主语：谓语之前的成分是主语 。3.宾语：及物动词之后或介词之后是宾语。4.表语：be动词及其它系动词之后是表语。5.定语：在定从中缺定语是指缺一种所属关系 (某人的或某物的）。5.状语：在定从中可能会缺地点、时间、原因等状语。系动词静态系动词： be; keep; stay; remain2. 表变化的系动词： become; get; turn; grow; go3. 与感官有关的系动词: smell; look; sound; t

4、aste; feel4. 特殊的系动词： prove; continue; .系动词的共性： 1. 系动词+形容词 2. 所有的系动词都没有被动语态Have a try :I was so frightened . He looked kind-hearted.I shall never forget the days. We spent the days in the valley.We will remember the place. They worked in a big company.He visited the company last Friday.I thanked him

5、for his help in the station last week . Marys father came late because of the traffic jams.Have a try :He is Toms father.We visited the farm yesterday.We stayed on the farm yesterday.We spent those days together.We had a good time in those days.He gave us the reason in the office.1.Do you still reme

6、mber the days _ we spent in Beijing?2.Do you still remember the days _ we had a good time in Beijing?3.We returned to the farm _ we visited last year.4.We returned to the farm _ we stayed last year.5.I dont believe the reason _ he gave for his absence.6. Dont believe his reason _ he was absent. that

7、/which/-whenthat/which/-wherethat/which/-why用关系代词或关系副词填空：Fill in the blanks with “ which; when; where; why”.Do you remember the day_ we left you in charge?I often think of the moment _ I saw her.The police searched the house _ the terrible accident happened.Mike wants to work in a country _there are

8、 lots of forests.This is not a family _ bad behavior can be tolerated.I dont know the reason _the house is so dirty.This is not a family _ can tolerate bad behavior.whenwhenwherewherewherewhywhichBest choice:Father bought me a book, _ cover was red.Father bought me a book, _ the cover was red.Father

9、 bought me a book, the cover _ was red. A. whose B. of which C. its D. of whomABB关系代词 whosewhose+n=of which/whom+ the +n. = the +n.+ of which/whomI sat next to a girl, _ name was Diana.I sat next to a girl, _ the name was Diana.I sat next to a girl, the name _ was Diana. A. whose B. her C. of her D.

10、 of whomADDWhich of the following are right?This is the man we talked about.This is the man who/whom/ that we talked about.This is the man about who we talked.This is the man about whom we talked.Best choice:I remember the village_ we stayed last year.I remember the village _ we stayed in last year.

11、I remember the village in _ we stayed last year. A. which B. in which C. where D. in where E. /F. in thatB/CA/EAwhich (指物）whom（指人）介词+关系代词 Which of the following is right?1.This is the boy who/whom/that/- she has taken care of. 2. This is the boy of whom she has taken care. 注意： 固定动介词组不可分割, 即介词不能提前。例如

12、: look after, look at The man to whom I spoke didnt answer at first. 2. The West Lake, for which Hangzhou is famous, is a beautiful place. 3. Tom is planting a tree, under which he will be able to sit and read some day.4. He gave me 10 dollars with which I could buy dog food.怎样确定介词？1.固定搭配怎样确定介词？2.逻辑

13、关系介词+关系代词 Fill in each blank with a proper preposition if necessary.1. This is the car _which I bought last year. 2. This is the car _which I paid 100$.3. This is the car _which I spent 100$.4. This is the car _which I go to work every day.5. This is the car _ which I cant go to work.6. This is the

14、car _which the old man was knocked down.7. This is the car _which a boy threw a stone.8. This is the car _ which we talked.9. This is the car _which the window was broken./foroninwithoutbyto/ataboutofFill in the blanks:1. Give me a knife _ I can cut the apple.2. I bought a pen _ I can write.3.I lost

15、 my glasses _ I can see clearly.4. I lost my glasses _ I cant see clearly.5. Tom is a boy _ I can discuss my homework.6. Father gave some money _ I could buy food.7. This is the book _the main character is a musician.8. Football is the sport _we can get lots of fun.with whichwith whichwith whichwith

16、out whichwith whomwith whichin whichfrom which1. Art is something _ I know little.2. Who is the girl _ you were talking a moment ago?3. The man _ I often write works for a teenage magazine.4.The headmaster is the person _ I got the cup.5. Mr. Ma is the person _ we learnt how to write with brushes.6.

17、 There stands a tall tree _ some kids are playing balls.7. Tom is the boy_ I went to the cinema.8. The woman _ I read in the newspaper has just won a gold medal.about whichwith/to/about whomto whomfrom whomfrom whomunder whichwith whomabout whomFill in the blanks:The pencil _ he wrote was broken.He

18、built a telescope_ he could study the sky.The woman, _ I learned the news, is a nurse.The wolf _ the sheep was killed was shot.She has three children, all_ are at school.I bought a map _ I couldnt find the way.In the dark street, there wasnt a person _ she could turn for help.with whichthrough which

19、from whomby whichof whomwithout whichto whomFill in the blanks:I was surprised at the way_ he treated the old man.The age_ children can go to school is seven.His bike_ he went to work was stolen last night.Ours is a beautiful school, _we are proud.He bought a book yesterday, the author _ is a teache

20、r.6. This is the girl _ the wallet was stolen. 7. He asked us a question_ nobody knows the answer.8. We visited a factory_ toys for children are made.in whichat whichon whichof whichof whichof whomto whichin which1.I still remember the day _ I first came to the school.2.Shanghai is the city _ I was

21、born.3.The farm _ I stayed ten years ago has been pulled down.4.There is a reason _ the room is a mess.介词+关系代词 关系副词=介词+whichwhere=in/on/at.+whichwhen=in/on/at+whichwhy=for +whichwhen/on whichwhere/in whichwhere/on whichwhy/for which名词/代词+介词+关系代词（which or whom)I have bought three skirts, the second o

22、f which is my favorite.= I have bought three skirts, of which the second is my favorite.非限定从I have bought three skirts; the second _ is my favorite.A. of which B. of whom C. of them D. of skirtsC名词/代词+介词+关系代词（which or whom)They invited some pupils to the meeting, most of whom came from the poor area

23、s.= They invited some pupils to the meeting, of whom most came from the poor areas.They invited some pupils to the meeting, and most_ came from the poor areas.A. of which B. of whom C. of them D. of pupilsC非限定从1.The English play _my students acted at the New Years party was a great success.(08安徽) A.

24、 for which B. at which C. in which D. on which2.American women usually identify their best friend as someone _they can talk frequently.(08上海) A. who B. as C. about which D. with whom 3.The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, _ the sailing time was 226 days. (08广西) A of which B.

25、 during which C. from which D. for whichCDA链接高考链接高考1. Wind power is an ancient source of energy_ we may return in the near future. 【08 上海】 A. on which B. by which C. to which D. from which2. For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread out further, _ New York is an example. 【08 四川】 A. fo

26、r which B. in which C. of which D. from whichCC链接高考3. The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, _ are beyond our control. 【08 湖南】 A. most of them B. most of which C. most of what D. most of that4. By nine oclock, all the Olympics torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qo

27、molangma, _ appeared a rare rainbow soon. 【08 福建】 A. of which B. on which C. from which D. above whichBD1. Finally, the thief handed everything _ he had stolen to the police. A. after B. what C. whatever D. that2. Next week, _ well spend in our village, is coming. A. what B. when C. that D. which3.

28、The weather turned out to be very good, _ was more than we could expect. A. what B. which C. that D. itDDB4. This is Mr. Smith, _ I think has something interesting to tell you. A. who B. whom C. that D. which5. There are moments in life_ you miss someone so much that you just want to pick them up fr

29、om dreams and hug them for real. A. where B. how C. why D. when6. Ive got a lot of books, _ are written in foreign languages. A. and most of which B. some of which C. some of them D. most of theseADB7. He once worked in a company,_ he went abroad for further study. A. from which B. after that C. fro

30、m that D. after which8.The latest model of this lap-top, _ the appearance remains unchanged, works much faster than the old one. A. though B. which C. of which D. whose9.Science fiction is often about things_ may be possible in the far future. A. we believe B. we believe they C. what we believe D. t

31、hat we believeDCD10.This is the third book that he has written in the past five years, _ the first I really enjoyed. A. that B. of which C. whose D. of them11. I met Tom _ company my son works. A. whose B. in whose C. in which D. in his12. This is Tom _ help I have passed the exam. A. with his B. wi

32、th whom C. with whose D. whose13. Is this the company _ Tom visited?14. Is this company _Tom visited? A. that B. in which C. the one D. in whereBBCAC15. Is this the company_ Tom works? A. where B. the one C. the one where D. in where16. Is this company _Tom works? A. in which B. the one C. the one w

33、here D. in where.17. He graduated in 1997, _ he has worked in this company. A. when B. since then C. since which D. since whenACD18. He was hidden under the bed, _ a white cat ran out. A. where B. from there C. from which D. from where19. He studied in our school from 1994 to 1997, _ he was very act

34、ive in sports. A. from which B. during this time C. during whose time D. during which timeDD定语从句比较篇 that he told me The fact is true . that he told me the secret比较一:定语从句与同位语从句定语从句同位语从句which引导词在从句中不作成分, 起连接作用,但不可省.引导词在从句中作成分,起连接作用,作宾语时可省.比较二:where引导的定语从句 与where引导的地点状语从句Make a mark at the spot where y

35、ou have questions .2.Make a mark where you have questions . 定语从句地点状语从句in which比较三:关系副词引导的定语从句 与强调句型1. It is this factory _ I work .2. It is in this factory _ I work .wherethat(定从)(强调句)in which还原法比较四:as引导的非限制性定语从句 与it 作形式主语的主语从句 及 what引导的主语从句1._is known to everybody , the earth is round .2._is known

36、to everybody that the earth is round .3._is known to everybody is that the earth is round .As It What比较五:as与which引导的 非限制性定语从句_ had been expected, the England team won the match .The result of the experiment is very good , _ we hadnt expected .He failed in the exam, _made his parents sad .As which wh

37、ich as is expected.She married him, as is unexpected. which is unexpected.as与which引导非限制性定语从句的区别:1. as的位置灵活,可句首,和句中; 而which 只可位于句中.2. as强调一致性, 可译为”正如,就像”,表示”意料之中”的事;which强调”不一致性”, 表示”意料之外”的事;或一种隐含的因果关系.as is well known to allas has been said beforeas has been already pointed outas we all can seeas is

38、 expected/ hoped/ supposed,as is often the caseas引导非限制性定语从句常见结构有:众所周知如前所述正如已经指出的正如我们所看到的正如所盼望的/希望的/料想的情况常常如此1._ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. 2001 全国 A. Which B. As C. That D. What 2.The result of the experiment was very good, _we hadnt expected. 2000 京、皖春

39、季高考 A. as B. that C. which D. what3. _ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior high school is increasing. A. Which B. As C. That D. It4.Carol said the work would be done by October, _ personally I doubt very much. A. it B. that C. as D. which5. Dorothy was always speaking highly of

40、her role in the play, _, of course, made the others unhappy. NMET 2000 A. who B. which C. this D. what结果状语从句asthat1. She is such a lovely girl _ we all like .2. She is such a lovely girl _we all like her . 定语从句It is so big a stone_ no man can lift.It is so big a stone _ no man can lift it.as比较六:as引导

41、的限制性定语从句 与结果状语从句that1.Such stamps _ you have collected are very valuable.2.Dont talk about such things _ you dont understand.3.He is so humorous a person _we all like to stay with him.4.This book is not such _ I expect.5. This is such a good book_ they all want to read it .asasthatasthat比较七:定语从句与并列句

42、 , and none of _is a doctor . He has 3 boys , none of _ is a doctor . ; none of _ is a doctor .themwhomthemBest choice:Father bought me a book, _ cover was red.Father bought me a book, _ the cover was red.Father bought me a book, the cover _ was red.Father bought me a book; _cover was red.Father bou

43、ght me a book, and _ cover was red. A. whose B. of which C. its D. of whomABBCC关系代词 whosewhose+n=of which/whom+ the +n. = the +n.+ of which/whomBest choice:I sat next to a girl, _ name was Diana.I sat next to a girl, _ the name was Diana.I sat next to a girl, the name _ was Diana.I sat next to a gir

44、l; the name _ was Diana.I sat next to a girl, and _ name was Diana. A. whose B. her C. of her D. of whomADDCB八: 其他比较1.This is the same pen as I lost.2.This is the same pen that I lost.这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。这本书就是我丢的那本。the same -as - (强调相似性）the same -that -（强调同一性）Is this the house _ you visited ?Is this house

45、 _ you visited?The room, _window is broken is mine .The room, _ the window is broken is mine .The room , the window_ is mine .(that/which)the onewhoseof whichof which1.He is the only one of the students who _ a winner of scholarship for three years. (2002上海) A. is B. are C. have been D. has been2. H

46、e is one of the students who _a winner of scholarship for three years. A. is B. are C. have been D. has been1.I have many friends , some are businessmen . A. of them B. from which C. who of D. of whom (全1）2.If a shop has chairs_ women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop. A. th

47、at B. which C. when D. where (上）3.Jim passed the driving test, _ surprised everybody in the office. A. which B. that C. this D. it (浙）4._ I explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting. A. When B. After C. As D. Since (浙）DDAC4. Women _drink more than two cups of coffee

48、 a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those _dont. (北京) A. who ; 不填 B. 不填; who C. who ; who D.不填表;不填5.Look out! Dont get too close to the house _roof is under repair. (福建) A. whose B. which C. of which D. what6.We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them c

49、ame up to us_ we gave some bells and glasses. (湖南) A. to which B. to whom C. with whom D. with which CAB7. _ is suggested by us, the plan should be carried out. A. As B. It C. What D. That8. _ is suggested by us that the plan should be carried out. A. As B. It C. What D. That9. I lost a book, _ the

50、cover is green. A. whose B. its C. of which10. I lost a book, _ cover is green. A. whose B. its C. of which11. I lost a book and _ cover is green. A. whose B. its C. of whichABCAB定语从句特殊篇2.先行词既有人又有物3.先行词(指物)被 the very, the only, the next, the last 等修饰4.先行词(指物)是或被形容词最高级或序数词修饰1.先行词(指物)本身是不定代词或先行词被不定代词修

51、饰（如：all, few, little, much, nothing, anything, everything等）5.主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句一、which or that ?which or that?1. All _ is needed is a supply of oil. 2. They talked two hours about the people and the things _ they remembered in the village.3. This is not the only apple _ has rotten away.4. Its the longest train _ I have ever seen.5. Which is the book _ you want to buy?6.Who _has c