01 四大常考题型及做题技巧（附例题详解）-2021年高考英语阅读理解满分秘籍

1、 释义法 对文章中的生词用定语（从句）、表语甚至于用逗号、破折号等标点符号引出并加以解释说明。典型例题解析Most women in Ghana (the educated and illiterate, the urban and rural, the young and old)work to earn an income in addition to maintaining their roles as housewives and mothers. Their reputation for economic independence,self-reliance, and hard wo

2、rk is well known and well deserved(应得的，值得的).Question: :Which of the following (is closest in meaning) to the underlined word “illiterate”？repeat B. reiterated C.uneducated D. sick【解析】本题答案选C这段文字中讲到加纳这个国家中的大多数妇女，受过教育的（educated）和没有受过教育的（illiterate）；住在城市的（urban）和住在农村的（rural），年轻的（young）和年长的（old）正好是一对对反义词

3、。因此选C 项。推理判断题推理推理题一般可以根据文中的信息来进行推断。这一部分要注意的点是，千万不要过度解读，把自己的想法当成作者的想法。我们做的题是阅读理解，一定要以原文内容为前提，据作者的观点理论，客观地对文中未明显说明的现象或事例给与合理的逻辑推断，不要自己发挥。常见的形式有：1.It can beinferred/ concludedfrom the text that _.2.The authorimplies/ suggeststhat_.3.We mayinferthat _.4. What is the purpose of this passage?5. Where woul

4、d this passage most probably appear/come from?这类题目考察的是学生对作者观点，态度以及思想的把握。解题技巧主要包括以下三点：1.文章能直接找到的句子不选，正确选项必须经过推理；2.推理必须要有依据，紧扣上下文；3.选项必须忠于原文，不能脱离文章主线。典型例题解析例一The concept (n. 观念 ) of personal choice in relation to health behaviors is an important one. About 90 percent of all illnesses might be preventa

5、ble if individual (n. 个人 ) made sound ( adj. 健康的 ) personal health choices based upon present (adj.现在的) medical knowledge.We all enjoy our freedom of choice and do not like to see it limited when it is within the legal (adj. 法律的 ) and moral boundaries ( n.界限 ) of society. The structure of American s

6、ociety allows us to make almost all our own personal decisions that may affect our health. If we do desire, we can smoke , drink much, refuse to wear seat belts, eat whatever food we want, and live a completely sedentary (adj. 久坐的，劳心的 ) lifestyle without any exercise.Question: The concept of persona

7、l choice about health is important because_.A. personal health choices help cure most illnesses.B. it helps raise the level of our medical knowledge.C. it is basic to personal freedom in American society.D.wrong decisions could lead to poor health.【解析】据前两句可以得知不良的选择会导致健康状况变坏，因此答案选D 。选出的答案一定要在原文中找到依据或

8、理由，不能只凭常识或自己主观胡乱推测。例二A teacher who continually draws attention to rewards or who hands out high grades for ordinary achievement ends up with uninspired students.Eisenberger holds: As an example of the latter point, he notes ( vi.特别指出 ) growing efforts at major universities to tighten ( v.使变得更紧 ) gra

9、ding standards (及格标准 )and restore failing grades .Question: It can be inferred from the passage that major universities are trying to tighten their grading standards because they believe_.A.rewarding poor performance ( n.成绩) may kill he creativity of students .B. punishment is more effective than re

10、warding.C. failing uninspired students helps improve their overall (adj.全面的) academic standards.D. Discouraging the students anticipation ( n.预期之事物 ) for easy rewards is a matter of urgency.【解析】问题是文中Eisenberger 举的一个例子,通过例证题目的考点分析, 我们知道一般例子前后总结性的话(论点)是解决问题的关键,这样我们就可以判断出该例要说明的问题(答案:A)The topic sentence:A teacher ends up with uninspired (with