新译林英语八年级英语下册自主预习知识点必知必会必背

1、新译林英语八年级英语下册自主预习知识点必知必会必背Unit 1 Past and presentchangev. 改变 You have changed a lot.n. 变化（可数）There are many changes in my hometown.找零（不可数）Here is your change.usev. 使用n. 用途 be in use = be in service短语： used to do sth be used to doing sth be used for be used to do （被 动）by + 交通工具= on / in / take + a + 交

2、通工具如： by bus = take / on a busby car = in a car by bike = on a bikeinterviewv. 采访；会谈interview sbn. 面试；访谈give an interview to sbhave an interview with sbin the northern part of towneast/west/south/north + ern f adj.marryv.嫁，娶，与结婚 marry sb marry sb to sb be/get married to sbn. marriagemovev.移动 move to

3、 搬至Umove away 搬走 move out of 从搬出adj. moving 感人的moved 感动的over the years = during the yearsturnv. turn on 开turn off 关turn up 调高turn down 调低turn to sb for help 向某人寻求帮助turn into 变成n.依次、轮流 take one s turn to do sthn. turning 转弯处putput into 放入put up 举起；张贴put down 放下put off 推迟put away 收好、放好put on 穿上put out

4、 熄灭take action to do sth 采取措施做improve the situation 改善现状n. improvementin some ways 在某些方面，某种程度上in the way 阻碍on one s way福去的路上by the way顺便说一下as often as before 和以前一样频繁feel a bit lonelylonely 孤独的；偏僻的alone 单独、独自a bit = a little “一点儿”（修饰 v./adj./adv./ 比较级）a bit of = a little 修饰 n.not a bit = not at all 一

5、点都不许not a little = very（much） 很、非常from time to time = at times = sometimes 有时语法：现在完成时定义、结构（过去分词的构成）Unit 2 Travellingjoin / join in / take part in / attendjoin 加入党派、团体、社会组织join the Party/armyjoin sb in doing sthjoin in 和某人一起做某事，常用于口语join sb in sthjoin sb in doing sthtake part in 参加活动attend 出席（正式场合的会议

6、）miss 错过；思念missing （adj.） = gone = lost 丢失的、不见的spend/cost/take/pay 区别have fun = have a good/great time = enjoy oneselffunn.乐趣（不可数）adj.有趣的funny滑稽搞笑的through / across / over / past 区别hurry to 赶往 hurry up 快点run after 追赶run across 偶然遇到run away 跑掉run out of 从跑出rush out冲出run v. 跑；运转can t stop doing = can t

7、 hepdoing做can t help to d杯能帮助做can t wait to do!不及待做感官动词smell/look/sound/tastedo some shopping 购物a couple of 几个、一些do some shopping 购物a couple of 几个、一些at the end/beginning ofwatch/see/look 区别in front of/in the front of区别couple 对、夫妇in the end/beginning in the end = finally = at lastfor / since 区别语法： ha

8、ve been to / have gone to for / since 区别Unit 3 Online tourssearch for information 搜索信息look for 寻找send and receive emails 收发邮件 send to 发送 receive 收至Uat the top of / on the top of on 侧重“面”,at 侧重点（反义） at the bottomofAsiaf AsianAfricafAfrican EuropefEuropean AmericafAmericanat the southern end of 在的南端fu

9、rther on 再向前，更远处thousands of 成千上万的，数以千计的（不确定的数thousand 加 s）three thousand students （特定的数无s）on New Year s Ev除夕the early / late twentieth century 在二十世纪早/晚期hear of = hear about 听说hear from 收到来信meanv. mean to do sth 打算做mean doing sth 意味着n. meaning 意思adj. meaningful 有意义的meaningless 无意义的语法：现在完成时和一般过去时的区别U

10、nit 4 A good readdecide to do 决定做make (a decision) / decisions to doreach vt. 够到，到达arrive vi.arrive at/in 到达 get to 到达as far as I know据我所知as far as和一样远；居U所知；尽可能 as far as - possibleby the time到时间be tired out筋疲力尽be tired of对感到厌倦fall down跌倒 fall off从跌落 fall over被绊倒on the beach 在海滩wake up 醒rise/raise 区

11、别rise vi. 升起raise vt. 举起；抚养be tired to 束缚于 be tied with/by 被捆绑move up 向前移动look down 向下看look down upon 鄙视look up 向上看look up to 尊敬as + adj. /adv. + as = the same + n. + as 和样talk to /with sb about sth 和某人谈论某事manage to do 设法做成某事= succeed in doing语法：特殊疑问词+不定式；must/ have to 区别Unit 5 Good mannersbe old en

12、ough to do sth 足够大去做某事enough 放在 adj./adv.的后面 ,n.的前面，如 enough moneybe not enough to do = be too to do = so - that 从句如：I m not old enough to go to school.我太小而不能去上学。=I m too young to go to school.=I m so young that I can t go to school.share sth with sb 和某人分享某物cut in 打断 interrupt 打断 disturb 打扰You re ne

13、ver too old to learns至U老学至U老。drop litter everywhere 到处丢垃圾垃圾： litter rubbish waste everywhere = here and thereleave the tap running leave表使处于白状态 leave sth +地点“把某物落在某地”keep / stay quiet / silent 系表结构保持”pick flowers 摘花pick up 捡起；搭便车；偶然学会obey / follow traffic rules 遵守交通规则queue = stand in line 排队jump a q

14、ueue 插队keep the library clean ( V + O + OC )invite sb to sp邀请某人去某地invite sb to do sth邀请某人做某事(常考被动)shake one s handFfor the first time 第一次 at frist 首先greet people with a kiss以亲吻的方式和人打招呼relatives and close friends 亲朋好友avoid doing 避免做weigh v.重达weight n.重量behave politely 举止礼貌bravely widely rudelypush in

15、 before others 插队bump into 撞到as well = too 也all the time 一直、总是loudly / aloud loudly adv.强调大声aloudadv.强调出声be helpful to sb对某人有帮助helpless无助的、没用的just as the saying goes 俗话说得好When in Rome, do as the Romans do.入乡随俗语法：enough to / too to 句型Unit 6 Sunshine for allvolunteerv. / n.志愿(者) adj.voluntary 志愿的some

16、more food 更多的食物数字 + more = another + 数字own on one s own = by onesef独、 独自 of one s owh自己的提供 provide sb sth = provide sth for sb offer sb sth = offer sth to sbshow sth to sb向某人展示某物include v. 包括 including prep.be similar to 和相似be familiar to 为所熟悉be familiar with对熟悉give up放弃 give away赠送 give out泄露 give

17、off发出烟、光、热make the event a great success ( V + O + OC) success n. successful adj. succeed v.feel like doing 想要做 =would like to doachieve their dreams 实现梦想 achievement n.成就：It is + adj. ( for / of sb ) + to do sth 用法Unit 7 International charitiesdonatetodonateto 捐赠have a big lunch 吃大餐basic education

18、基础教育poor areas贫困地区base n.基础 educational adj.教育的equal rights平等权利prevent / keep / stop sb from doing 阻止某人做operatevt.操作，运转 n. Operator操作工vi.做手术 operate on sb n.手术 operation(s)hope to do 希望做hope sb.+ that 从句 / will docan t afford to dot付不起be proud（adj.） to = take pride（n.） in 骄傲improve their lives 改善生活improvement n. 改善、提高carry on = go on 继续carry out 执行语法：一般现在、一般过去时的被动Unit 8 A green worldbe serious about = take sth seriously 严肃对待a serious illness 一个严重的病care about 关心，在乎care for 照顾，喜欢take care = be careful 小心take care of