linux跟数据库笔记

1、insert操作 值o 表名(字段, 字段values(值, 值值005 use desc insert操作 值o 表名(字段, 字段values(值, 值值005 use desc select*fromostudentinfo(学号)values(005李清-(1 行受影响select*fromuse Librarydesc oCustomer(cid,values(20001张三-(1 行受影响oCustomer(address,cname,东城, , -(1 行受影响select*fromdesc select*fromoBook(bid,bname,pub,author1,numin

2、put,values(D0003田径体育100-(1 行受影响oBook(bid,bname,numinput,values(N0001天地100-(1 行受影响) select*fromBook;deletefrom where deletefrom where use student createtabletest1(primaryotest1values(1,otest1values(2,otest1values(3,otest1values(4,otest1values(5,select*fromdeletefromtest1where -(1 行受影响deletefromtest1w

3、here -(0 行受影响deletefromtest1where -(1 行受影响delete from test1;-(3 行受影响select*fromtable 表droptabletest1; desc test1;-语法：dropdatabase dropdatabaseDML update语句update set 字段=新的值, 字段=新的值use droptable createset 字段=新的值, 字段=新的值use droptable createtablenotprimarynotnotoworkervalues(1张三3366.50oworkervalues(2,45

4、00.00,oworkervalues(3王五5300.50oworkervalues(4,3200.50,oworkervalues(5赵七6900.00select*fromupdateworker set-(5 行受影响updateworkersetsalary=salary+100 where id=3;-(1 行受影响select*fromworkerwhereupdateworkersetsalary=salary+300 where name=赵七;-(1 行受影响select*from- updatesetsalary=salary+300,phone=88889999 whe

5、re id=3;-(1 行受影响select*fromuseLibrary desc Bookselect*fromselect*fromuseLibrary desc Bookselect*from天地updateBooksetpub=where -(1 行受影响天地update setnuminput=100,where-(2 行受影响) select*fromBook;DMLselectDQL 字段名, 表达式, 函数调用bid,bnamepub 字段 select bid, bname, pub from Bookwhere -所有行：不写where-select*from所有信-se

6、lect*fromwhere 别selectbnameas 书名author1as 作者where 别selectbnameas 书名author1as 作者, pub asfrom selectcid 序号phonefrom ,-将多个列合并成一个列显示+ bname as 书名,author1+ + as from use selectnamesalary试用as from -select * from worker;select1+2fromworker-有几行,就算几次 select 1+2;selectGETDATEas 当前系统时间select试用as 类型）use student

7、select*fromselect*from-的cid,cnameaddresssex use selectcid,cname,address,sex from Customerwhere-的cid,cnameaddresssex use selectcid,cname,address,sex from Customerwheresex=女select*fromBookwherenuminput50-select*fromBookwhere numinput50-不大于 select * from Book where numinput != 35;select*fromBookwherenu

8、minput- 查询和住select cname fromCustomerwhereaddressaddress 海淀-空值null -select*fromCustomerwhere-判断是否为空 is-判断是否不为空isnotselect*fromCustomerwhereaddressisselect*fromCustomerwhere addressisnot- - 并且 或者 非selectcid,cname,address,from whereandsex=男-select*fromwherenumstore=10andselect*fromwherenumstore=10ands

9、elect * from Bookwherenumstoren 10and ab -, -n,k, .) age in(10,15,等价于age=10orage=15orselect * from Bookwherebid=A0001orselect*fromwhere bidin(A0001, %select*fromBook wherebnamelikeselect * from Book where bname like %select * from Bookwherebidlike- -表示字符范围ABC select*fromBookwherebidlikeA-表示字符范围ABD s

10、elect*fromBookwherebidlike -表示字符范围ABCN select*fromBookwherebidlike -表示字符范围ABCN select*fromBookwherebidlike select*fromBookwherebidlike 1、n问题返回查询结果的前n列名from 表名where 2）表示前n 列名from 表名selecttop3*fromselecttop20percent*fromselecttop50percentcid,cname,sex from Customerwheresex女表selecto 新表名DDL风格useLibrary

11、desc Bookselect*from-使用selecto book1from -(7 行受影响) desc book1select*from-selectbid,bname,pub,author1 o book2from wherepub=-(2 行受影响) desc book2select*from-创建新表book3wherepub=-(2 行受影响) desc book2select*from-创建新表book3 - select*fromBookwhere selectobook3fromBookwhere -(0 行受影响) desc book3;select*fromuse -

12、use分离数据primarykey foreignkey not null 主键约束 primaryPK=UK+NN:notuse PK=UK+NN:notuse drop table emp;createtable提供emp_id_pkprimarynotoempvalues(1,Tom,oempvalues(1,Tom,select*fromcreatetable,notsalaryemp1_id_pkprimaryoemp1values(1,Tom,oemp1values(1,Tom,-需求：创建一张表stu 存在两个 createtableprimarycreate table stu

13、(,stu_id1_id2_pkprimarykey(id1,ostustu_id1_id2_pkprimarykey(id1,ostuvalues(1,1,ostuvalues(1,2,ostuvalues(1,3,select*fromostuvalues(1,1,红绿-createtablenotnotsalary-使用DDL alter altertableprimaryaltertableuse worker drop table stu; createtablestu(notuse worker drop table stu; createtablestu(notostuvalue

14、s(1,ostuvalues(1altertableadd ostuvalues(2ostuvalues(2,drop table stu1; createtablestu1(primaryalter table stu1add unique(name1,ostu1values(1,Tom,ostu1values(2Tomostu1values(2,Tony,altertablestu1 drop constraostu1values(3,Tom,select*fromdeletefromstu1wherealtertableadd unique(name1,3.外键约束 foreigndel

15、etefromstu1wherealtertableadd unique(name1,3.外键约束 foreign-父表部门-droptabledroptable -createtableprimarynotcreatetableprimarysalarynot,foreignkey(dept_id)- 参照的id 必须是唯一的至少-dept表的id是-odeptvalues(1销售odeptvalues(2行政odeptvalues(3研发select*fromoempvalues(101,Tom,5000.0,oempvalues(102,James,6000.0,oempvalues(1

16、03,Mary,8000.0,oempvalues(104,Jobs,9000.0,select*fromoempvalues(105,oempvalues(104,Jobs,9000.0,select*fromoempvalues(105,Tony,9000.0,-alter adddroptabledroptable -createtableprimarynotcreatetableprimarynotnull, salary float,alter table empadd foreignkey(dept_id)odeptvalues(1销售odeptvalues(2行政odeptval

17、ues(3研发select*fromoempvalues(101,Tom,5000.0,oempvalues(102,James,6000.0,oempvalues(103,Mary,8000.0,oempvalues(104,Jobs,9000.0,select*fromoempvalues(105,Tony,9000.0,:4.not5.检查约束 -use select*fromCustomer; desc 4.not5.检查约束 -use select*fromCustomer; desc altertableadd likeoCustomer(cid,)values(30001, oC

18、ustomer(cid,)values(30001,altertableCustomer, drop oCustomer(cid,)values(30002令狐冲update wherealtertableadd likeselect*from6.useworker desc droptable likeselect*from6.useworker desc droptable createtableprimarynototest1(id,name,values(1,Tom,select*fromaltertableadd test1_age_dkdefault15forotest1(id,s

19、date,values(2,2014-01-24,select*fromprimary key foreign keynot6.默认值约束 索引 use drop table myemp; createtablemyemp(use drop table myemp; createtablemyemp(-primary key, notnull, salary floatomyempvalues(1,Tom,omyempvalues(2,James,omyempvalues(3,Mary,select*from-语法createclustered-索引名on 表名(字段名createcluste

20、redindexon -语法：dropindex 表名.dropindexmyemp.PK myemp select * from myemp where name=Mary;select*from/* 使用数据结构B-Tree 平衡二叉查找树drop table myemp; createtablemyemp(primarynotsalaryomyempvalues(1,Tomsalaryomyempvalues(1,Tom,omyempvalues(2,James,omyempvalues(3,Mary,select*fromcreateindexmyemp_name_index1 on

21、myemp(name);select*fromselect*frommyempwhere createindexmyemp_salary_index1 on myemp(salary);select*frommyempwhere salary=比如: 性能瓶颈 sql效率视图 用途：简- 的员工信息 selectidname- 的员工信息 selectidnamesalary from myempwheresalary-sqlcreate viewselectid,name,salary from myempwheresalary-视图保存sqlselect * from my_view1;s

22、elect id, name from my_view1;-如何修改视图: 改为薪水大于.0 alter viewselectid,name,salary from myempwheresalaryselect*fromselectid,namefromomy_view1values(4,Tony,select*fromdropview占用表空间use Libraryselect pub from Book;-使用distinctuse Libraryselect pub from Book;-使用distinct- 去重(排重)selectdistinctpubfrom-排序orderby

23、-use select*from-select*frommyemp order by name asc;语orderby 子句一定在select语句的末尾order by 字段名排序规则, .规则表示升序默认可不select * from myemporderbynameomyempvalues(5,Tom,select*from-select*fromorderbynameasc,salary-emp dept reg use droptableorderbynameasc,salary-emp dept reg use droptableemp; droptabledept; drop t

24、able reg;createtablereg_id_pkprimarynotoregvalues(1,oregvalues(2,oregvalues(3广州select*from-部门表 dept createtabledept(dept_id_pkprimaryvarchar(30)notalter table deptadd foreignkey(reg_id)odeptvalues(11销售odeptvalues(12行政odeptvalues(13研发odeptvalues(14财务select*fromcreatetableprimary key, not null, defaul

25、t 男,altertableadd foreignkey(dept_id)oaltertableadd foreignkey(dept_id)oempvalues(101Tom男5000.0oempvalues(102James男6000.0oempvalues(103Mary女8000.0oempvalues(104Lucy女7000.0oempvalues(105Tony男5500.0oempvalues(106Jobs男6000.0oempvalues(107Andi男9000.0oempvalues(108,s男10000.0select*from字段名*, 表达式, 函数调用表, 表

26、groupby order by字段名排序规则, .1. 单行函数一- 一个值返2. 多行函数（- 组函数经常和groupby groupby -思路emp表-不加-思路emp表-不加groupby selectSUM(salary) 总薪水AVG(salary) fromselect*from-selectdept_id,SUM(salary),fromgroup by -（统计selectCOUNT(id)from- selectCOUNT(*)fromselectdept_idCOUNT(idas groupbydept_id;selectdept_idCOUNT(idas wheres

27、alarygroup by 写desc ：性Oracle数据库 E-R模型 DBMS 写desc ：性Oracle数据库 E-R模型 DBMS stuSQL:DDL TCL DML(selectselect 字段名, 表达式, 函数调用,表1 别名1, 表2 别名2,where isisnotnlike_group having orderby asc/descnvl(字段名, 如果为空的替代值isnull isnot1、单行函数 每条1、单行函数 每条ABC nvl(,2多_name,lower( wheredept_id=_name),dual selectlower(ABC)fromdu

28、al; -selectupper(Abc)fromdual; -selectlength(abcdef)dual selectlower(ABC)fromdual; -selectupper(Abc)fromdual; -selectlength(abcdef)from7思路：使用substr() 解法一：第一个参数：处理的字段名 或常量起始1Java/C/C0开始_name,_name)-1, from解法二：第一个参数：处理的字段名 或常量_name,-2, from例子selectround(45.926,2)fromdual; select round(45.926, 1) from

29、dual; select round(45.926, 0) from dual; selectround(45.926,-1)fromdual; selectround(45.926,-2)from例子selectround(45.926,2)fromdual; select round(45.926, 1) from dual; select round(45.926, 0) from dual; selectround(45.926,-1)fromdual; selectround(45.926,-2)fromselectround(55.926,-2)fromtruncselect tr

30、unc(45.926, 2) from dual; select trunc(45.926, 1) from dual; select trunc(45.926, 0) from dual; selecttrunc(45.926,-1)fromdual; selecttrunc(45.926,-2)fromselecttrunc(55.926,-2)from日期类型 0从相差日期类公元中元标准的日期格式：yyyymmddyyyy-mm-dd日月年01-1月-submit_me.sql submit_1.sql selectsysdatefromdual; 27-1-改变会话alter setn

31、ls_date_formatselectsysdatefromdual; 27-1-改变会话alter setnls_date_format=yyyy-mm-ddselectsysdatefrom2014-01-27NLS 区域语言支持 NationalLanguageSupport alter setnls_date_format=DD-MON-alter setnls_date_format=yyyy-mm-dd加 或 减 sysdate-1,sysdate,sysdate+1 from dual;selectsysdatesysdatefrom 2014-01-2711:42:33201

32、4-01-27_name,fromalter setnls_date_format=2014-01-2711:42:332014-01-27_name,fromalter setnls_date_format=DD-MON-datechar, selectto_char(sysdate,yyyy-mm-ddhh24:mi:ss) from dual;2014-01-27selectto_char(sysdate,yyyy-mm-dd) from dual;selectto_char(sysdate,hh24:mi:ss) from dual; from from123dateto_char(s

33、ysdate,yyyy-mm-dd123dateto_char(sysdate,yyyy-mm-ddhh24:mi:ss) to_char(sysdate, yyyy)to_char(sysdate,charto_date(2014-02-07,yyyy-mm-dd) to_date(2014 02 07 09:30:08,yyyymmdd添加日期数据时，建议使用yyyy 13 YYn(d1,add_months(d1,几截取 本月的第一天trunc(sysdate,trunc(sysdate,（二、SQL 1、2、CURD操作 增删查改select语句 DQL select 字段名, 表达式

34、, 2、CURD操作 增删查改select语句 DQL select 字段名, 表达式, 函数调用,表1 别名1, 表2 别名2,行not=isisnotn like% _group orderby 字段、别名、序号 asc/desc1数据库的设计 使用表table table E-R模型 E-R每个属性不可再分 （关系型数据库基本要求）提供PK 主属性 保证实体完整性解除了非主属性之间的依赖关系 拆表当1- （主外键关系2E-R模型 实体关系模型 （数据模型、域模型*-id(PK)（1）内连*-id(PK)（1）内连inner（2）外连接 对内连接的补充outer3、内连接 数据会严格匹配f

35、rom 表1 别名1, 表2 别名2,inner思路： s_emp where条件 dept_ids_dept _name,froms_emp,selectcount(*)from selectcount(*)from笛卡尔积:C25C12*1= 25*12 =300 但只有25笛卡尔积:C25C12*1= 25*12 =300 但只有25_name,froms_emp,s_dept wheredept_idid;3 行出现错误ORA-00918: select_name,froms_empe,s_deptwheree.dept_id=标准sql: 内连接 inner连接条select_nam

36、e,from s_emp e innerjoins_deptone.dept_id=思路：表连接条件 d.region_idselect , s_deptd,s_regionrwhered.region_id=*-1region_id(FK)=_name,s_empe,s_deptd,s_regione.dept_id=d.region_id=_name=region_id(FK)=_name,s_empe,s_deptd,s_regione.dept_id=d.region_id=_name=select_name,dept_idfromselectid,name,

37、region_idfromselectid,namefromn 思路： 表 在losal 和hisal之 froms_empe,s_salgradewheree.salaryng.losaland（3）员工id 参照于s_emp表的selectfrom_name,s_empe,s_empselect_name,froms_empe,s_empwheree.manager_ids_empe,s_empselect_name,froms_empe,s_empwheree.manager_id=原因：由于Carman的manager_id是空值 空值无法和m.id进行匹配，造成的丢空值的影响1：空值

38、参与运算，结果也为空 nvl 结果都为假以上都属于内连接(inner join)标准selectinnerjoinon _name,from s_emp e innerjoins_empmone.manager_id=4outerselect_name,froms_empe,s_empwheree.manager_id=标准左表leftouter join 右表on 连接条如select_name,_name,froms_empleft outer join s_emp m one.manager_id=select_name,_name,froms_empleft outer join s_

39、emp m one.manager_id=Oracle: 标准sql: rightouterjoin on 标准sql: fullouterjoin on 创建表:droptable droptable createtableprimarynotot_deptvalues(11,ot_deptvalues(12,ot_deptvalues(13,ot_deptvalues(14,select*fromcreatetableprimaryot_empvalues(1,Tom,ot_empvalues(2,James,ot_empvalues(3,Mary,ot_empvalues(4,Tony,

40、ot_empvalues(5,Ajax,ot_empvalues(6,Nill,select*fromselecte.id,, from t_emp e, t_dept dwhereselect*fromselecte.id,, from t_emp e, t_dept dwheree.dept_id=IDOracle(+) select e.id, , from t_emp e, t_dept dwheree.dept_id=ID5162 43 已选择6标准sqlleftouterjoine.id,,fro

41、mt_empleftouter_deptone.dept_id=select e.id, , fromt_empe,t_deptwheree.dept_id(+)=ID-select e.id, , fromt_empe,t_deptwheree.dept_id(+)=ID-已选择6标准sqlrightouterjoinone.id,, from t_emp erightouter_deptone.dept_id=select e.id, , fromt_empe,t_deptwheree.dept

42、_id(+)= wheree.dept_id(+)=*3 行出现错误ORA-01468: 标准sqlfullouterjoinone.id,, from t_emp efullouter_dept one.dept_id=ID5162 43 已选择71inner2outer62 43 已选择71inner2outer使用标准sql 三张表连接 (了解select_name,from(s_empeinnerjoins_deptd on e.dept_id = d.id)innerjoins_regionond.region_id=and _name=（函数SUM(dist

43、inct|COUNT(distinct|all|统条MAX(distinct|MIN(distinct|子句：group by 分组字段having 思路： 表 selectfrom_name,_pctfrom解决方案：使用空值转换函数selectfrom_name,_pctfrom解决方案：使用空值转换函数selectfrom_pct,mMcount(*) 除外 会统计空值的行selectcount(dept_id)from5原因：Mary的dept_id 为null selectcount(id)from6selectcount(*)from6create table test1( ote

44、st1values(null,otest1values(null,otest1values(null,select*otest1values(null,otest1values(null,otest1values(null,select*fromselectcount(*)from3selectcount(c1)from0思路表字段selectcount(dept_id)fromselectcount(alldept_id)from如果不写范围，默认是all 统计所有行的dept_idselectcount(distinctdept_id)froms_emp; 表表连接条件：e.salaryn

45、g.losaland g.grade,froms_empe,s_salgradewheree.salarygroup by ng.losalandGRADE1234513wheree.salarygroup by ng.losalandGRADE123451327g.grade,count(e.id) froms_empe,s_salgradewhere e.salary betng.losalandg.hisal group by g.gradehavingg.grade =GRADE57执行顺序：from 找表表连接-再where 过- groupby - having 分组后过滤 ord

46、er by 作业：使用两种方法查询出3111 个部门结果11行 因为 12 - from _pctisnotorderbysalarydesc,select distinct titlefrom _pctisnotorderbysalarydesc,select distinct titlewheredept_id=select id, namefrom wherename_name,from where salary not bet orderbysalaryn1000and_name,from wheresalary1550 order by salary desc;5、显示职位为Stoc

47、k Clerk和Sales Represen_name, title, salary*12wheretitlein(StockClerk,Salesandsalary*12n14400and_name, title, salary*12where(title=Stockortitle=Salesandsalary*12n14400andand 比or优先级高通过6、解释select _pct from s_emp where _pct is null和select _pctfroms_empwhere_pctnull空值不能使用常规的方式比较 = 等结果都为假需要使用isnull 空值不能使用

48、常规的方式比较 =char- 会影响sql性能 造成索引使用不了不（多表查询）数据库的设计拆表 多表 （合久必分语法：from 表1 别名1, 表2 别名2,（多表查询）数据库的设计拆表 多表 （合久必分语法：from 表1 别名1, 表2 别名2,s_empe,s_deptd,s_region1、内连接 innernull字段之间是一种等值关系 = e.dept_id = d.id非等值连接 除了=n ine.salaryng.losaland （3）from s_emp e, s_emp m wheree.manager_id=m.id2、外连接 outer Oracle: 在对方加whe

49、ree.manager_id=标准sql: leftouterjoin on Oracle: 在对方加wheree.manager_id(+)=标准sql: rightouterjoin on Oracle: 不允许两边同时加wheree.manager_id标准sql: fullouter onOracle: 不允许两边同时加wheree.manager_id标准sql: fullouter on （一般配合groupby函数having selectdept_id,count(id) groupby selectto_char(start_datemmcount(id) from s_em

50、pgroupbyto_char(start_date,解法一：分组前过滤 where子句selectdept_id,avg(salary) from s_empwheredept_idgroupby 执行顺序：from - 再where - group- 解法二：分组后的过滤 having子句 select dept_id, avg(salary)from s_emp groupbydept_idhavingdept_id执行顺序：from -groupby - _name,min(salary)from*1 _name,min(salary)from*1 行出现错误ORA-00937: 结论

51、：一旦select 后有组函数，意味着selectselectmax(salary),_name),groupby selectdept_id,groupby（subquery）1）非关联子查询 （常见selectfrom_name,selectmin(salary)froms_emp; select_name,wheresalary=20 Sub 最外层 提供最后结果 select id,_name, salaryfrom where20 Sub 最外层 提供最后结果 select id,_name, salaryfrom wheresalary=2）里层 提供部分功能selectmin(s

52、alary)fromselect id,_name,salary from s_empwheresalary=(selectfrom 20 。无salary=in(31,32,min(salary)-not1）2）notexists 子查询：化繁为简、分而治之 简化sql例子2：谁和_name,子查询：化繁为简、分而治之 简化sql例子2：谁和_name,selecttitlefrom_name=Stock 第二步：查询出从事StockClerk（主查询select id,_name,title from s_empwheretitle=Stock使用一条SQL（非关联子查询select id

53、,_name,title from s_empwheretitle=(selectfrom _name_name=已选择9？select_name,manager_idfrom的（子查询） 结果多selectdistinctmanager_idfrom1236789- 已选择9select id,from s_empwhereidin(selectdistinctfromselect id,from s_empwhereidin(selectdistinctfromselect id,from s_emp？whereidnotin(selectdistinctfrom 未选定行 说明一条都查不

54、到！id in(1,3,6,.,null)等价于：id=1 or id=3 or id=6 or . or id=nullidnot等价于：id1andid3andid6andandidnull idnull 一定为假 所有结果一定为假select id,from s_empwhereidnotin(selectdistinctfrom wheremanager_idisnotselectdistinctmanager_id from s_empwheremanager_idisnotselectdistinctmanager_id from s_empwheremanager_idisnot

55、1236789已选择8select avg(salary) from s_emp where dept_id = 31;selectdept_id,avg(salary) groupby selectdept_id,avg(salary) whereavg(salary)(selectfrom wheredept_id=groupby whereavg(salary)(select*3 行出现错误ORA-00934: 解决方案：使用having 在分组后过滤 （非关联子查询selectdept_id,avg(salary) group by having解决方案：使用having 在分组后过滤

56、 （非关联子查询selectdept_id,avg(salary) group by havingavg(salary)(selectfrom wheredept_id=s_emp11a如何构建出第二张表？通过sql selectselectdept_id,avg(salary)avgsal from s_empgroupby _name,salary,from（关联子查询select_name,e.dept_id,e.salary,s_empe,(selectdept_id,avg(salary)select_name,e.dept_id,e.salary,s_empe,(selectdep

57、t_id,avg(salary)from groupbydept_id)a where e.dept_id = a.dept_idande.salary本质：select的结果可以模拟成一张表 (抽象、归纳)（E-R模型 desc命令（数据分布、规律、特点- - 符合业务需求(逻辑正确- (优化（只读的常用的伪列：rowid 1、数据库会为每一分配一个行的物理地址，rowid就返回该行的地址。系统可以通createtableotest3values(1,otest3values(2,otest3values(3,otest3values(4,otest3values(5,otest3value

58、s(6,select*fromselectrowid,c1,c2from 123456123456selectc1,c2from 123456123456selectc1,c2from whererowid= 33updatetest3setc1=whererowid=1 deletefromwhererowid=1 索引 rowid ）rownum （相对的2、(重要知识点 用途广泛：常用于分页查询 selectcreatetableotest5values(1,otest5values(2,otest5values(3,otest5values(4,otest5values(5,otest

59、5values(10,otest5values(9,otest5values(4,otest5values(5,otest5values(10,otest5values(9,otest5values(8,otest5values(7,otest5values(6,select*from笔试题：对以selectrownum,c1,c2fromselectrownum,c1,c2fromwhererownumn 1and selectrownum,c1,c2fromwhererownumn 1and selectrownum,c1,c2fromwhererownumn 4and selectrow

60、num,c1,c2fromwhererownumn 2and selectrownum,c1,c2fromwhererownumrownum问题1: 不能够让selectrownum,c1,c2fromorderby先解决问题selectc1,c2fromtest5 order by c1;先解决问题selectc1,c2fromtest5 order by c1;123456789123456789(嵌套子查询selectrownum,c1,from(selectc1,c2fromorderbyselectrownum,c1,from(selectc1,c2fromtest5 order b