高中英语名词性从句讲解课件

1、高中英语名词性从句讲解课件高中英语名词性从句讲解课件高中英语名词性从句讲解课件 名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此，名词性从句可分为主语从句、表语从句 、宾语从句和同位语从句。2021/4/132 II. 名词性从句的引导词：连接词 ：that, ifwhether, as ifas though不作成分无意义2. 连接代词 ：who、 whom 、whose、 what、 which3. 连接副词： when、 where、why、how“是否”作状语作主/宾/表“似乎”2021/4/1331.When we will start is not clear.2

2、. She wont believe that her son has become a thief.3. My idea is that we should do it right now.4. I had no idea that you were her friend.主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句I 名词性从句的种类2021/4/134主语从句一般有三种结构：1. 主语从句+谓语That she will win the match is certain.2.It+be+形容词（名词词组、过去分词）+that从句It is important that we teens shoul

3、d learn English.It is good news that he will attend the meeting on behalf of our school.It is said that our school will hold a sports meeting3. It +seem (happen，appear等不及物动词)+that从句It seems that Katy is not coming to this party.2021/4/135宾语从句的结构主句 + 连接词(引导词) + 宾语从句 在句子中起宾语作用的句子叫宾语从句，宾语从句放在及物动词或介词之后作

4、宾语。I dont know why he is always late for school.We all agree with what you said at the meeting.宾语从句2021/4/136表语从句 表语从句位于连系动词后,有时用as if引导。其基本结构为:主语 + 系动词 + that从句。1. be, look, remain, 等系动词后均可跟表语从句：My suggestion is that we should go shopping.2. as if 也可引导表语从句。 It looks as if its going to rain. 3.the r

5、eason why is that 和It is because 等结构。It was because I got up late.2021/4/137同位语从句 同位语从句在句中作同位语，它一般要放在主句中某些名词的后面，说明这些名词的含义。可跟同位语从句的名词主要有：fact, news, promise, reason, idea, hope, word, belief等。Beijing ,the capital of China, is my hometown.We heard the news that our team had won. We were happy to hear

6、the news that was announced by our boss.定语从句同位语从句2021/4/138同位语从句及定语从句的区别 (1) 定语从句中的that既代替先行词，同时又在从句中作某个成分（主语或宾语），而同位语从句中的that是连词，只起连接主句及从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分 (2) 定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定，描述先行词的性质或特征；同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词进行补充说明。2021/4/139The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.2)T

7、he news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。（第一个that引导的从句是定语从句，that在从句中作宾语）汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的。（同位语从句，that在句中不作任何成分）2021/4/1310考点一：区别that , what及which考点二：区别whether 及if 考点三：区别 what, whatever, 及 no matter what .考点四：it 作形式主语或形式宾语考点五：名词性从句中的虚拟语气考点六：名词性从句的语序名词性从句考点归纳 :2021/4/1311 考点1：连接词： th

8、at 及 what 的区别What he said makes me happy.That a new teacher will come is true .that 只起连接作用，无意义，在从句中不充当任 何成分, 且在宾语从句中有时可省。 what 既起连接作用, 又在从句中作 主语, 宾语, 表 语 (且在名词性从句中只有what可作表语）2021/4/1312连接词that的省略。宾语从句中的连接词that在以下三种情况下不能省略：（1）当that 从句及另一名词性从句并列作宾语时，第二个that不能省；（2）当that作介词宾语时，that不可省掉。（3）用it做形式宾语的宾语从句E

9、veryone knew what happened and that she was worried. The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do.I think it necessary that you should read English aloud.2021/4/13131. _ he said so made us angry . _ he said at the meeting made us angry.2. A computer can only do_ you have instructed it

10、 to do. （01全国） 3. 中国不再是过去的样子了。4. A modern city has been set up in _ was a wasteland ten years ago. （04天津） A. what B. which C. that D. whereThatWhatChina is no longer _ it used to be.whatwhat2021/4/1314B : what (什么) / which ( 表选择, 哪一个) 1. - Do you know _ Mr Blacks address is ? -He may live at No. 18

11、or No. 19 of Bridge Street. Im not sure of _. 2. I read about it in some book or other, does it matter _ it was? whatwhichwhichWhat 无范围；Which有范围解析2021/4/1315考点2. 区别if 及whether 1. I dont know _ Ill be free tomorrow.2. I dont know _ or not Ill be free tomorrow.3. The question is _ this book is worth w

12、riting. 4 We have a doubt whether it is true.whether / ifwhether whetherwhether or not 直接连用时不用if表语从句同位语从句2021/4/13164. It depends on _ we will have enough money.5. _ they can do it matters little to us.6. I dont know to laugh or to cry.whetherWhether介词后的宾语从句主语从句直接加动词不定式只能用whether （to do）Whether2021/

13、4/1317请你归纳a. 主语从句b. 表语从句c. 同位语从句e. 介词后的宾语从句f. 直接加动词不定式只能用whether （to do）g whether or not 直接连用时不用if只能使用whether 的情况：请你归纳2021/4/1318 _等引导的名词性从句不含有疑问意义，相当于名词后加一个定语从句，而_等引导的名词性从句含有疑问意义。请你归纳 whoever, whateverWho, what 考点3. what,whatever,who,whoeverWho will take the position isnt decided.2021/4/13191._ was

14、 said here must be kept secret.2._ we need is more time.3._ has taken away my bag is unknown.4._ breaks the law will be punished. WhateverWhatWhoWhoeverAnyone who2021/4/1320No matter who destroys the forest will be punished.（ 误 ）解析no matter 只能引导状语从句，ever既可引导状语从句又可以引导名词性从句.no matter who/what及whoever

15、/whateverWhoever destroys the forest will be punished . （ 正 ）2021/4/13211.他犯了那样一个错误真是遗憾。_ is a pity .2.他来不来不重要。_doesnt matter.It doesnt matter whetherThat he made such a mistakeIt is a pity that 考点 ：it作形式主语,形式宾语 it 作形式主语Whether he will come or not2021/4/1322 用it 作形式主语的结构(1) It is 名词 从句 It is a fact

16、that 事实是 It is an honor that 非常荣幸 It is common sense that 是常识(2) It is 形容词 从句 It is natural that 很自然 It is strange that 奇怪的是(3) It 不及物动词 从句 It seems that 似乎 It happened that 碰巧 It appears that 似乎(4) It is 过去分词 从句 It is reported that 据报道 It has been proved that 已证实 It is said that 据说 2021/4/1323 It i

17、s reported/ thought/said that It is clear/necessary/certain that It is a pity/a shame/an honor that It doesnt matter whether It seems that It happens that Can you understand them?2021/4/1324This is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language .2. It worried her a bit _ her hair

18、 was turning gray. A. while B. that C. if D. for It 2021/4/1325it 指代后面从句所叙述的内容,常用 like/dislike/love/hate/appreciate/make+it + if 或when从句 it 作形式宾语 make /find/ feel / consider / think it + adj / n + that / to doI hate it when people laugh at the disabled .2021/4/13261. Ive got to make clear that he to

19、ld a lie.I like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. (2004 ) A. this B. that C. it D. one3. 他发现很难使别人理解他. He found _.itit difficult to make himself understoodit2021/4/1327考点之五:考查名词性从句的虚拟语气问题 考例:It is necessary that a college student _ at least a foreign language. A. masters B. should

20、 master C. mastered D. will master 分析:本题选B.句子的意思是:大学生至少应该掌握一门外语。It作形式主语,that引导的主语从句中谓语动词用虚拟语气。 (1) 在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等,谓语动词用虚拟语气(should) +do,常用的句型有:I. It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that. II. It is a pity(a shame, no wonder, etc.) that. III. It is suggested (requested, pro

21、posed, desired, etc.) that.如: It is strange that she (should) think so. 2021/4/1328(2) 表示建议、请求、命令、要求、坚持等及物动词后面的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气,常用的这类动词有suggest, propose, insist, desire, demand, request, order, command等。如: I insist that she (should) do her work alone. (3) 主语是suggestion, proposal, request, decision等表示建议、请

22、求、要求、决定等意思的词时,表语从句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气(should) +do。如: His suggestion is that we (should) hold another meeting to discuss the question. 2021/4/1329(4) 表示“建议、请求、命令、要求、决定等（demand, suggestion, proposal, advice, order ）意思的名词后面的同位语从句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气(should)+do。如: 1.He gave me a suggestion that I ( should ) be calm now.

23、2.The suggestion that the plan （delay） will be discussed tomorrow.2021/4/1330考点6 语序问题1. The photographs will show you _ A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like 从句一定用陈述语序2021/4/13312. You can hardly imagine _whe

24、n he heard the news .A. how he was excitedB. how was he excitedC. how excited he wasD. he was how excited2021/4/13323. He asked _ for a violin. A. did I pay how much B. I paid how much C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid 2021/4/1333插入语Since you have seen both fighters, _ will win? A. do you thi

25、nk who B. who you think C. whoever D. who do you think2. Id like to know _ to her. A. what do you think has happened B. do you think what has happened C. what you think has happened D. you think what has happened3. Could you tell me _ ? A. where do you think the accident happened B. where you think

26、the accident happened C. do you think where the accident happened D. where you think did the accident happen2021/4/13341.It now appears _ they are in need of help. A. that B. which C. what D. how2.It is good news _ they will arrive in a few days. A. which B. what C. that D. how3.It _ Joe drives badl

27、y. A. thought that B. thinks that C. is thought D. is thought that2021/4/13354.It _ he is late for class. A. may that B. might that C. may be that D. might be what5.This is _ she was born. A. where B. which C. that D. what6.The question is _ we cant go there today. A. that B. what C. which D. when20

28、21/4/13367.The question is _ it is worth doing. A. if B. whether C. which D. what8.The reason he has made such great progress is _ he has never wasted his time. A. because B. why C. that D. what9.My suggestion is _ we should turn the land into rice fields. A. what B. that C. which D. where2021/4/133

29、710.His proposal is that the dam _ at the foot of the mountain. A. build B. will build C. be built D. will be built11.My advice is that he _ regular house. A. keep B. would keep C. keeps D. kept12._ knows the truth will tell you about it. A. Who that B. Whoever C. Whom that D. That who2021/4/133813.

30、We all know the truth _ the earth goes round the sun. A. that B. which C. what D. whether14.We heard the news _ our team had won. A. which B. that C. what D. where15.The problem _ it is right or wrong has not yet been decided. A. which B. that C. whether D. if16.You must do well _ the teacher asks y

31、ou to do. A. which B. what C. that D. where2021/4/1339高考链接 体验2021/4/13401.(2010高考英语上海秋季卷,37)When changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know_. A. he is entering which lane B. which lane he is enteringC. is he entering which lane D. which lane is he entering【答案】B【

32、解析】本题考查宾语从句。which引导的句子做know的宾语，句子用陈述语序。2021/4/13412.(2010高考英语上海秋季卷,36)One reason for her preference for city life is _ she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.A. that B. how C. what D. why【答案】A【解析】此处考查的是表语从句。此处that不可以省略。2021/4/13423.(2010高考英语重庆卷,25)To improve the quality of our

33、 products, we asked for suggestions _had used the products.A. whoeverB. whoC. whicheverD. which【答案】A【解析】考查连词。whoever引导宾语从句，并在从句中作主语，相当于anyone who。2021/4/13434.(2010高考英语浙江卷,9)It is uncertain _ side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it. Athat Bwhat C

34、how Dwhether【答案】B【解析】考查名词性从句。此处是由what引导的主语从句，指代It的具体内容，It是形式主语，所以这里选B项。2021/4/13445.(2010高考英语浙江卷,1)How about camping this weekend, just for a change?OK, _ you want. Awhichever Bhowever CwhateverDwhoever【答案】C【解析】本题考查引导词和交际用语。句意：“这个周末野营怎么样，来点新鲜的？”“好啊，按你的意思吧！”查情景交际。周末野营怎么样，换换口味?好的，你想干啥咱就干啥。此处whatever表示

35、”无论什么”，作want的宾语。选C项。2021/4/13456.(2010高考英语天津卷,14)As a new graduate, he doesnt know _ it takes to start a business here.A. how B. what C. When D. which 【答案】B【解析】考查名词性从句。句意为：“作为新毕业生，他不知道如何才能在这儿开创事业。”宾语从句暗含it takesto do sth句型，因此应用what引导宾语从句并充当从句中的宾语。2021/4/13467.(2010高考英语四川卷,14)How much one enjoys hims

36、elf travelling depends largely on _ he goes with，whether his friends or relativesAwhat Bwho Chow Dwhy【答案】B【解析】考查介词后的宾语从句。根据句末的 whether his friends or relatives可知应是和谁去，故选B。句意为“一个人旅游多么享受很大程度上取决于他和谁去，无论是他的朋友还是亲戚。”2021/4/13478.(2010高考英语上海春季卷,38)There is no obvious evidence _ there is life on any other p

37、lanet in the solar system.Awhich Bthat Chow Dwhere【答案】B【解析】名词性从句。此处是that引导同位语从句对evidenc进行具体的说明。语意：没有明显的证据表明在太阳系能其他行星上有生命存在。据此选B项。2021/4/13489.(2010高考英语上海春季卷,33)Tina was hesitation about the job offer as she did not know _ the company was an established one.Awhether Bwhat Cuntil Dalthough【答案】A【解析】名词性

38、从句。语意：。Fina对所提供的工作正在犹豫中，因为她不知道这家公司是不是一家地位稳固的公司。此处whether引导宾语从句，作know的宾语。2021/4/134910.(2010高考英语陕西卷,18)It never occurred to me _ you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind. A. which B. what C. that D. if【答案】C【解析】考查固定句型。我从来没有想到你能成功地说服他改变主意。It occurs to sb that的意思为“某人突然想到”其中that引导主语从句，it为形式主语，指代that从句的具体内容。2021/4/135011.(2010高考英语山东卷,25)Before t