2021-2022学年天津市高三下学期第一次联考英语试卷含解析

1、2021-2022高考英语模拟试卷注意事项1考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回2答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用05毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡的规定位置3请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、准考证号与本人是否相符4作答选择题，必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑；如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案作答非选择题，必须用05毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律无效5如需作图，须用2B铅笔绘、写清楚，线条、符号等须加黑、加粗第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1 Peter, you seem in

2、high spirits. _ I have been offered a part-time job in the KFC .ASo what?BNo wonder.CNo doubt.DGuess what.2_ interested in English may join this club. AWhoever BAll who CAnyone DWho3Hard work and lack of sleep have _ her beauty and youth in recent years.Aworn outBtried outCmade outDsent out4Humans s

3、pend a lot of time and money on their pets and the pets give all they have _for that.Ain return Bin factCin short Din all5Computers can do nothingBut once _what to do, they show extraordinary power to do a great dealAto programBbeing programmedCprogrammedDhaving programmed6Under good treatment, many

4、 patients are beginning to _ and will soon recover.Aturn up Bcatch upCpick up Dshow up7We packed all the books in the wooden boxes_ they wouldnt get damaged.Aas long as Bas ifCin case Dso that8Computer-controlled robots are taking over jobs in many industries, which used to be done _.Aartificially B

5、manuallyCcomprehensively Dgradually9I can _ Dianas thoughts from the changes in her facial expressions.Aread Bnotice Ccount Dwatch10We the top of the mountain but for this awful weatherIt rained all dayAwill reachBwould reachChave reachedDwould have reached11He doesnt spend any more money on clothin

6、g than I do,but_he manages to look so stylish.AthereforeBsomehowCfurthermoreDotherwise12-Each of the students working hard at their hard at their lessons the book.-So have I.AreadsBhave readChas readDread13It is reported the housing prices in some big cities fall in different degrees.Awhich BwhatCth

7、at Dwhere14Not far from the club was there a garden, _ owner seated in it playing bridge with his children every afternoon.AwhoseBitsCwhichDthat15How I wish I had worked harder when I was in that company.If you had, you _ a department manager now.AareBwould beCwould have beenDwere16The lack of eco-f

8、riendly habits among the public is thought to be a major _ of global climate change.AResultBcauseCwarningDreflection17Oh, my God! Whats wrong with you?I was going the normal speed limit when a truck appeared in front of me _ and I didnt have time to stop.Abetween the linesBaround the clockCout of th

9、e blueDover the moon18There is a popular view_in city strangers are less likely to help an elderly person.AthatBwhetherCwhyDhow19The waitress at the restaurant was usually very considerate, but on this occasion she seemed to _ the diners.AignoreBidentifyCapplaudDsatisfy20 a single world can change t

10、he meaning of a sentence, a single sentence can change the meaning of a paragraph.AJust asBEven thoughCUntilDUnless第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6分）Imagine that youre looking at your company-issued smartphone and you notice an e-mail from Linkedln: “These companies are looking

11、for candidates like you!” You arent necessarily searching for a job, but youre always open to opportunities, so out of curiosity, you click on the link. A few minutes later your boss appears at your desk. “Weve noticed that youre spending more time on Linkedln lately, so I wanted to talk with you ab

12、out your career and whether youre happy here,” she says. Uh-oh.Its an awkward scene. Attrition (损耗）has always been expensive for companies, but in many industries the cost of losing good workers is rising, owing to tight labor markets. Thus companies are intensifying(增强）their efforts to predict whic

13、h workers are at high risk of leaving so that managers can try to stop them. Tactics (策略）range from electronic monitor to sophisticated(复杂的）analyses of employees social media lives.Some of this work may be a reason to let employees to quit. In general, people leave their jobs because they dont like

14、their boss, dont see opportunities for promotion or growth, or are offered a higher pay; these reasons have held steady for years.New research conducted by CEB, a Washington-based technology company, looks not just at why workers quit but also at when. “Weve learned that what really affects people i

15、s their sense of how theyre doing compared with other people in their peer group, or with where they thought they would be at a certain point in life, says Brian Kropp, who heads CEBs HR practice. “Weve learned to focus on moments that allow people to make these comparisons.”Technology also provides

16、 clues about which star employees might be eyeing the exit. Companies can tell whether employees using work computers or phones are spending time on (or even just opening e-mails from) career websites, and research shows that more firms are paying attention to these things. Large companies have also

17、 begun tracking badge swipes(浏览痕迹)- employees use of an ID to enter and exit the building or the parking garage-to identify patterns that suggest a worker may be interviewing for a job.1、From the first paragraph, we can infer Linkedln is_.Aan e-mail Ba job from the InternetCa professional social net

18、work Da world-famous company2、Whats the main idea of the second paragraph?AThe cost of losing good workers is rising.BCompanies are stricter with workers than before.CMeasures have been taken to find the potential workers who want to quit.DFinding new jobs has been a trend for most workers.3、Accordi

19、ng to the research by CEB, which of the following might be the most probable reason for workers to quit their jobs?AThey dont like their bosses. BWorkers are always doing comparisons.CNot seeing opportunities for promotion. DTo find a higher-paid job.4、What is the authors purpose in writing the text

20、?ATo make a review on a phenomenon. BTo tell us the leaders concerns.CTo show a new trend in the job market. DTo stress the role of new technologies.22（8分） Artificial intelligence (AI) technology may soon be a useful tool for doctors. It may help them better understand and treat diseases like breast

21、 cancer in ways that were never before possible.Rishi Rawat teaches AI at the University of Southern Californias (USC) Clinical Science Center in Los Angeles. He is part of a team of scientists who are researching how AI and machine learning can more easily recognize cancerous growths in the breast.

22、 Rawat provides information about cancer cells to a computer. He says this data helps the machine learn. “. . . You can put the data into computers and they will learn the patterns and the pattern recognition is important to making decisions.”David Agus is another USC researcher. He says machines ar

23、e not going to take the place of doctors. “Computers will not treat patients, but they will help make certain decisions and look for things that the human brain cant recognize by itself. Once a confirmed cancerous growth is removed, doctors still have to treat the patient to reduce the risk of cance

24、r returning. The form of treatment depends on the kind of cancer.”Currently, researchers take a thin piece of tissue, put it on a small piece of glass and add color to better see the cells. That process could take days or even longer. Scientists say artificial intelligence can do something better th

25、an just count cells. Through machine learning, it can recognize complex patterns, or structures, and learn how the cells are organized.The hope is that machines will soon be able to make a quick identification of cancer that is free of human mistakes. “All of a sudden, we have the computing power to

26、 really do it in real time. . . We couldnt have done this, we didnt have the computing power to do this several years ago, but now its all changed.” Agus adds that the process could be done for almost no cost in the developing world. He says that having a large amount of information about patients i

27、s important for a machine to effectively do its job in medicine.The University of Southern California researchers are now only studying breast cancer. But doctors predict artificial intelligence will one day make a difference in all forms of cancer.1、In Rishi Rawats research, _.Athe data put into co

28、mputers contributes to cancer recognitionBmany cancers are being studied at the momentCmachine learning has replaced doctors workDthe focus is on the cure for cancer2、David Aguss words in Paragraph 3 are used to _.Aprovide some advice for doctorsBintroduce the development of cancerCappeal to scienti

29、sts to research into cancerDexplain the function of AI in treating cancer3、What can we infer from the text ?AAI can make decisions for doctors.BDeveloping countries might be lack of funds.CAI will hopefully make an accurate identification of cancer.DComputing power has long helped with the identific

30、ation of cancer.4、What is the authors attitude towards AI used in treating cancer?APositive.BIndifferent.CDoubtful.DNegative.23（8分）Do you listen to the songs that your parents like? Chance are that you dont. You probably think the music that they like is old and dull and that the Songs on your playl

31、ist are much cooler.But here is what scientists found recently: peoples music tastes change as they age, according to a study published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. So its likely that your own musical preference will follow a similar path to your parents whether you like it o

32、r not.We used to think that culture and personality arc the only factors that affect ones music choice. But researchers at the University of Cambridge, UK, gathered data from more than 250,000 people over the past 10 years. They noticed that as people age, their social circumstances change, and so d

33、oes their music taste.There are three musical periods that people pass through as they mature-intense”, “contemporary” and “sophisticated”.The first period comes in the teenagers years, during which time people like intense music such as punk and rock because teenagers tend to be aggressive and want

34、 to establish their identity as independent individuals.But as people move into early adulthood, their lifestyle changesthey socialize more and want to build close relationships with others. As a result, they become more fond of contemporary music, such as pop and R&B, which is usually uplifting and

35、 danceable and played at parties where people hang out together and chat.When middle age comes, things have settled down for most people. This period will be dominated (支配) by more “sophisticated” music, such as jazz and classical, as well as more catchy music like country, folk, and blues.“For many

36、, this life stage is frequently exhausted by work and family, and there is a requirement for relaxing, emotive (动情的) music,” Jason Rentfrow, a researcher member, told The telegraph.But you must be thinking: “Arent there old people who are still into rock music?” Of course there are. But Rentfrow exp

37、lained that their reasons for listening to rock music may have changed. “We use music for different reasons,” he said, and thus at that age people may listen to remind themselves of their youths.1、Why do children usually like different songs from their parents according to the passage?AChildren pref

38、er cool music.BMusic taste changes with age.Cparents songs are always dull.DParents have better social circumstances.2、The underlined word “catchy” in Paragraph 7 probably means _.Atouching and easily remembered Bawkward and easily capturedCelegant but difficult to understand Dflexible and difficult

39、 to catch3、Middle age is a period when people _.Ahave an aggressive goal Blike Pop and R&BCdesire close connections with others Dlead a stressful life4、What can we infer from the last paragraph?AOld people dont like rock music. BMusic can serve as a reminder.CRock music makes old people younger. DLi

40、stening to rock music needs reasons.5、Whats the main idea of the passage?AWhy do people like music?BHow can you improve your music talent?CWhat influences peopled music taste?DWhy do different people like different music?24（8分）WE WILL NEVER FORGETELEPHANT ENDOTHELIOTROPIC HERPESVIRUS (EEHV) IS A DEA

41、DLY VIRUS WHICH AFFECTS YOUNG ELEPHANTS GLOBALLY. We want to find a solution to this disease.This complex disease is having a catastrophic(灾难性的) effect on the global conservation of the Asian elephant and we want to find a solution to the problem as soon as possible to stop more elephants from dying

42、 from this deadly disease.EEHV DOESNT DISCRIMINATE (区别)It doesnt matter whether its a two year old elephant at Chester Zoo, at a zoo in the USA or in the wild in Africathis is a problem right around the world which makes it even more critical(关键的) that we find an answer. We dont want it to be an ext

43、inction level event for this important animal.MIKE JORDAN, CHESTER ZOOS COLLECTIONS DIRECTORAt present, not enough is known about this disease so we need to carry out important research to hopefully get closer to finding a way to stopping it killing more elephants. Were part of the world conservatio

44、n community devoted to the conservation of Asian elephants, so we will continue to carry out more research and work to discover more about this virus and how to treat it.WERE ACTING FOR ELEPHANTSto help save the global population of the species. You can help find a solution by making a donation toda

45、y. We Will Never Forget.DONATE TO WE WILL NEVER FORGETJoin the fight now and 100% of your money will support the research and help us put a stop to this deadly virus.1、According to the passage, what do we know about EEHV?AIt has affected many Asian animals. BIt hasnt been well controlled.CIt has a l

46、ittle effect on elephants. DIt is a kind of animal.2、Which of the following about Mike Jordan is TRUE?AHe works for protecting elephants.BHe is a wellknown animal doctor.CHe is a famous spoken person for elephants.DHes most likely to find the cause of the disease.3、How can you donate money?ABy givin

47、g it to Mike Jordan. BBy giving it to the author.CBy making donations regularly. DBy making donations through bank.4、What is the text is meant to?ATo explain its difficult to protect Asian elephants.BTo encourage people to research EEHV.CTo attract people to save Asian elephants.DTo introduce someth

48、ing about Asian elephants.25（10分） In this Pennsylvania city, Pittsburgh is shrinking but getting wealthier. Since 2000, its population has declined by 95,000 while its income per capita (人均) has shot up 24 percent. The trend is taking hold in many other cities, like Buffalo in New York, Providence i

49、n Rhode Island and New Orleans.Some of these areas have created more high-paying jobs in energy, health care or education. Others have managed to reshape their producing industry for a new economy. Higher-paying jobs have a greater effect because they create demand for additional services. The story

50、 in Pittsburgh is very positive, and other areas are looking at it as an example of the transformation that might be possible，”said Guhan Venkatu, who wrote an economic history of the area called “Rust and Renewal” for the Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland.Carnegie Mellon University and the Universi

51、ty of Pittsburgh have helped bring tech jobs and innovation(革新) to the area by sponsoring tech centers that help graduates start companies without moving to Silicon Valley or San Francisco. This has helped keep Pittsburghs educated young population growing even as the entire population in the city h

52、as dropped.Pittsburgh has more STEM (science, technology, engineering and math) jobs than other shrinking cities, about 80, 000 or 7% of all jobs. STEM jobs add productivity and income growth to the area. Manufacturers of high-tech medical equipment in the Pittsburgh area also have doubled employmen

53、t in the last 10 years.However, some experts question whether growing income per capita can really make up for a declining population. According to Patrick Adler, a researcher at the University of Toronto, population loss does matter if it means lower-skilled workers have fled because of a lack of o

54、pportunity. Whats more, high-paying jobs in education and health care can disappear if the population declines too greatly. So itd be wise to find ways to increase the population.1、In what aspect does Pittsburgh set a good example?ATransforming old energy into new energy.BCreating more well-paid job

55、s.CProhibiting the manufacturing.DSponsoring higher education.2、How do some academic institutions help with the local economy?ABy helping to attract more talents from other areas.BBy providing much technical support to local companies.CBy hosting tech centers for local educated graduates.DBy assisti

56、ng in employing a large number of educated youths.3、Why is Patrick Adler mentioned in the last paragraph?ATo show the disadvantage of a declining population.BTo suggest increasing high-paying jobs.CTo raise doubts about growing income per capita.DTo tell a reason why lower-skilled workers flee.4、Wha

57、t can be a suitable title for the text?AHow Fast Job Growth Is Related to Population GrowthBHow Less-crowded Cities Plan Their High-tech EconomyCWhy Some Cities Are Losing People but Getting WealthierDWhy Some Cities Are Suffering From a Shrinking Population第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从

58、短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项26（30分）About two years ago, I was at a stop sign when I heard whimpering (微弱的狗叫声) coming from inside a car parked on the street next to me. It was very 1 and the dog was trying to get some of the cooler fresh air outside the car. Without thinking I 2 my car and got

59、 out to help him.The car was locked and there was no way to 3 the dog. Thinking of the irresponsible owner I became 4 I didnt know if I should 5 the window and take the dog or try to contact (联系) the owner. Just then, I 6 a police car on the opposite side of the street. I ran out and flagged it down

60、.When the police officer helped open the door, the dog 7 both of us and ran quickly behind the house the car was parked in front of. We 8 the dog to make sure he was OK. Then we saw 9 the dog had run: The dogs owner was 10 in the middle of his garage.Apparently the man had a condition that caused hi