译林模块5Unit3同步讲练及单元自测练习

1、文档编码 : CR8F2L2J7Y3 HA6N1C3V5P8 ZT10E8P10W3P1译林模块 5 Unit 3 同步讲练 及单元自测练习 译林牛津版高二英 语必修五教案教学 设计 Welcome to the unit & reading 精讲典析1. Science is developing so fast that it is beyond our imagination.（page 41）科学的 进展如此之快,超出我 们的想像；1 beyond 是介词,常 见用法 为： （表示 时间）迟于； 过了 以后Dont stay there beyond midnight. 不要 过了午夜

2、 仍留在那儿； 超出（某 种数量、限度）；超出 的范畴；非 可及The switch on the wall was beyond the babys reach. 装在 墙上的开关婴 儿是摸不到的；We saw a building some distance beyond the woods. 我们观看在树林之外不 远的地方有一个建筑物；It s beyond human power. 它超出了人的力气；If the work is beyond Tom, it is certainly beyond me. 假如 汤姆干不了 这项工作,我也干不了； 除 之外（常用于含疑 问或否定意 义的

3、结构中）I didn t notice anything beyond his rather strange accent. 除了他那 颇为古怪的腔调以外,我没有留意到 别的； beyond 作副词时 表示 “ 再往前 ” 或“ 再过去” ；例如：There is nothing beyond. 再过去就什 么也没有了；The hill blocks our view. Whats beyond. 小山挡住了我 们的视线 ；再往前是什 么呢？2 imagination n. “想像力、空想、幻想物 ” ,多用作不行数名 词；例如：The story shows plenty of imagin

4、ation. 力；这个故事表 现出丰富的想像Poets and artists have imagination. 诗人和 艺术家都有想象力；It does not take great imagination to guess what happened next. 随后 发生的事情不 难想象；2. A recent announcement by scientists that they have successfully cloned the first human embryo has caused much debate and has shocked many people aro

5、und the world.（page 42, lines 13）科学家最近宣布,他 们已克隆出第一个人 类胚胎, 这在全球范围内引起了沸沸 扬扬的辩论 ,许多人为之感到震惊；1 句中 that 引导同位语从句, 对抽象名 词 announcement 做具体 说明；announcement 与引导词 that 之间被 by scientists 隔开；例如：They made a public announcement that the wages of the workers would be increased. 他们发布了通告,那些工人的工 资将会提高；His sudden annou

6、ncement that she was leaving took us quite by surprise. 他突然 说要离去 , 这使我 们特殊惊奇；2 announcement n. “通告、公告 ” ,可数名 词；例如：There are several announcements in the newspaper today. 今日的 这张报纸 上有好几个通告；The company put up an announcement on the wall. 上贴了一个通告；The announcement about their marriage has appeared in the

7、 newspaper. 他们结婚的通告已 经刊登在 报纸 上了；那家公司在 墙壁3. On the one hand, some scientists point out that if you clone an embryo, you can produce valuable tissues and organs that could be used to save human life.（page 42, lines 35）一方面,一些科学家指出,假如你能够克隆出人 类胚胎,就可以制造出挽救人 类生命的宝 贵的组织 和器官了；1 on the one hand意为“ 一方面 ” ,on t

8、he other hand意为“ 另一方面” ；两个短 语都是表 连接作用的副 词性短 语；可以同 时用在一个句子中；例如：On the one hand, I want to go to the party, but on the other hand I ought to be studying at home. 会,而另一方面我 应当在家学 习；On the one hand this job doesnt pay very much, but on the 一方面我想去参加宴other hand I can t get another one. 一方面 这份工作 酬劳不高,可另一方面我

9、又找不到其他工作；2 辨析： point out, point to, point at 留意 这一组短语的区分； point out“ 指出、使留意 ” 的意思；例如：This guide book points out the main facts of early American history. 这本导游手册 表达了美洲早期的重要史 实Can you point out the church in the picture. 你能指出 图片里的教堂 吗？He pointed out that the road was not safe that day. 他指出,那条道路那天担忧全；

10、point to “ 显示 的位置 / 方向 ” ；例如：The building points to the east. 这座楼面朝 东；The hands of the clock pointed to half past eight. It was time we put our children to bed. 钟的指针指在八点半上 , 我们该让 孩子 们上床睡 觉了； point at 把. “对准、指向 ” ；例如：The guide pointed at a tower and told us that it was built hundreds of years ago. 导游

11、指着一座塔 , 告知我们说这 是数百年前修建的；It s rude to point your fingers at people. 用手指指人是很失礼的；4. On the other hand, many people, including some scientists disagree and fear that if mankind interferes with nature in this way, they may be on their way to producing a real-life Frankensteins monster.（page 42, lines 57）

12、另一方面,许多人,包括一些科学家都反对并担忧假如人 类以这种方式干 涉自然的话,他们将制造出 现实生活中的弗 兰肯斯坦怪物；1 interfere with sb./sth. “干涉、干预；摆布、阻碍 ” ；例如：I am not going to be interfered with. 我不想 别人干 预我的事情；He was afraid this would interfere with his study. 阻碍他的学 习；他担忧 这会I don t want to interfere with you; proceed with your work. 我不想打 扰你了 , 你连续 工

13、作吧；Who interfered with my camera. 谁擅自用 过我的照相机 . 2 on one s the way to/towards doing sth “即将做 ”, 如果 to 后接一表地点的名 词,应懂得 为 “ 在去 的路上 ” ；例如 : Were on the way towards an election victory. 我们即将 赢得大选；Hes well on the way to establishing himself among the top ten players in the world. 他即将 进入世界前十名 顶尖选手的行列；I cam

14、e across him on the way to work. 的；I bought some bread on the way to the company. 上买了些麵包；我是在去上班的路上遇 见他 我在去公司的路5. However, in general the scientists were praised for their wonderful scientific breakthrough.（page 42, lines 1213 ）但整体而言,科学家因 为杰出的科学突破而受到 颂扬；辨析： in general, as a whole 这两个短 语意义比较接近,都有 “ 总的

15、说来；大体上；通常 ” 的意思,在句子中位 置也比 较灵敏,仔 细斟酌 仍是有着微 细的区分； in general 强调 “ 个体或局部 ” ；例如：Women in general like to shop for new clothes. 逛街 买新衣服；The class are, in general, very bright. 大多数 妇女喜 欢 总的说来, 这个班级的学生都很 聪慧；In general, Alexander was a peaceful, loving man. 总的来说,亚历 山大是个平和的、有 爱心的人；I like games in general, an

16、d especially football. 一般都喜 欢,特殊是足球； as a whole 强调“ 整体或全局 ” ；例如：Therefore, in order to understand the meaning of the text as a whole. page 43 各种运动我因此, 以便完整地懂得文章的意思；We must consider these matters as a whole. 这些事情；There are some areas of poverty, but the country as a whole is fairly rich. 这个国家有些地区比 较贫

17、 困, 但总的来 说是相当富有的；我们必需从整体上考 虑As a whole we tried our best. 2 praise 的用法总的来 说我们尽力了； praise sb. for sth. “ 因 颂扬、夸奖某人” ；例如：He was praised for his neat and careful work. 他因工作 仔细、利索而受到 颂扬；He praised his team for their performance. 色；The teacher praised her for her courage. 他称 赞他的 团队表现出 老师颂扬 了她的士气；做名词用“ 颂扬

18、、颂扬、 颂扬、表 扬” ；例如：观He earned praise for their efforts 他们由于努力而 赢得赞誉The audience was full of praise for the whole production. 众对整部作品称 赞不已； in praise of 短语常见在句中做状 语；例如：He gave a speech in praise of the school. 学校；他在 讲话 中颂扬了这所The teacher spoke in praise of the child for his honesty. 他很恳切, 老师夸奖了他；6. Howev

19、er, some people consider that cloning human embryos with the intention of destroying them shows no respect for human life.（page 42, lines 1820 ）但也有人 认为,怀着摧残它们的意 图来克隆人 类胚胎,是 对人类生命的不敬重；1 with the intention of “抱有 目的、预备 ” ,是一短 语介词,在句中做状 语表目的；例如：He returned with the intention of spending New Year with h

20、is family. = He returned to spend New Year with his family. 为了和家人共度新年他回来了；I went to the supermarket with the intention of buying some food. = I went to the supermarket to buy some food. 市,预备 买些食物；He left England with the intention of travelling in Africa. = He left England to travel in Africa. 行；2 辨

21、析： intention, goal, aim, purpose 这些名词都指人想要达到的“ 目的” ,但各有 侧重；我去了超他离 开英国预备去非洲旅 intention 只指某人想要追随的行 动方向；例如：你预备申 请Do you have any intention of applying for the job. 这个工作 吗？It is not my intention to argue with you. If Ive hurt your feelings, it was quite without intention. 假如我 伤了你的感情那完全是无意的；我不是想和你争 论； pu

22、rpose 强调 决心或准备的想法；例如：He returned to his homeland with the purpose of serving his own people. 他返回祖国 , 意在 为祖国人民服 务；His purpose was to discover how long these guests intended to stay. 他想要知道 这些客人预备呆多 长时间 ； goal 可指理想的或甚至遥 远的目标；例如：Our goal is to earn enough money to keep the business going. 我们的目 标是赚足够的钱使公

23、司支撑下去；We are all working towards a common goal. 的而努力；我们都在 为一个共同目 aim 强调为 追寻某种目的而努力 奋斗的方向；例如：His only aim in life is to enjoy himself. 享受生活；It is important to have a clear aim in view. 是特殊重要的；他人生唯独的目的就是 心中有明确的目 标3 show respect for“对 表示敬重 ” ,respect 如：You make me wait and dont show me any respect. 你一点

24、儿也不敬重我, 让我等了 这么久；You shall show greater respect for your elders. 重些；是名 词可带修饰语；例你应当对长辈 尊The boss showed little respect for the employees. 雇员一点也不敬重；He is a selfish fellow, who has no respect for anyone. 他是个自私的家伙, 对人一点也不敬重；那个老板 对7. While cloning human embryos is illegal in many countries, some scientis

25、ts are already pushing ahead with research so as to deliver a cloned human baby.（page 42, 紧研lines 2728 ）尽管克隆人 类胚胎在许多国家属于非法,有些科学家已加究,以便降生一个克隆的人类婴 儿；1 push ahead with 短语在句中做 “ 推动、推行 ” 懂得；例如：Whatever happens, we must push ahead with our plans to increase production. 无论发生什 么情形 , 我们都必 须推行我 们的增 产方案；He pro

26、mised to push ahead with economic reform. 经济 改革；We are pushing forward with our plan. 他允 诺连续 推行 我们正坚决实施方案；2 辨析： push ahead,go ahead 两个短 语都有“ 前进” 的意 义,ahead 是副 词,都是不及物 词组,但其区 别也是明显的； push ahead 强调 “ 向前推 进、急速前 进”If we push ahead, we can get home before dark. 天黑前我 们仍能赶到家；I want to push ahead on this pr

27、oject. 展；假如我 们抓紧, 有关这 个方案我想 连续取得 进go ahead “ 前进、连续 向前 ”, 在口 语中有多 种意义；例如：这个项目会做下去的；The project will go ahead. We feel you should go ahead. Go ahead and do what you like. Can I use the bathroom. Go ahead. 当然, 请便！我们觉 得您 应当干；去吧,喜 欢干什 么就干什 么；我可以用一下 卫生间么 ？Go ahead, we re all listening to you carefully. 开头

28、吧,我 们都在仔细听你 说；8. Human life would no longer be unique; it would just be a product for sale. （page 43, lines 39独一无二的了,将只是一个可供出售的 产品；1 辨析： unique, only 40 ）到那 时人类生命将不再是两个 词做形容 词用都有 “ 唯独的 ” 的意思,但意 义上区 别较大； unique 强调的是 “ 区分和与众不同 ” ；例如：The beauty of Dunhuang is unique in the world. 敦煌的美在世界上是独一无二的；Shes pr

29、oud of her ring because of its unique design.她为她的戒指而自豪,因 为戒指的 设计 是独一无二的； only 强调 的是“ 数量 ” ；例如：Its the only place to be seen these days. 的地方；这是这些天惟一 值得看He was an only child. 他是独生子；The only French city she enjoyed was Paris. 法国城市；巴黎是她惟一喜 欢的Practice is the only way to learn a language well. 学好一 门语言的惟一途

30、径就是 实践；2 辨析： for sale, on sale for sale 是介词短语,在句中作后置定 语,修 饰 a product；for sale 相当于 intended to be sold “待售 ” ；仍可以做状 语和表语；例如：These are cars for sale at reasonable prices. 待售小 轿车 ； 定语 She has put her house up for sale. 这些是价位合理的 她现在的房子在出售； 状语 I m sorry this painting is not for sale. 很愧疚, 这幅画是非 卖品； 表语 o

31、n sale 表示 “ 出售 ” 、“ 上市” 的意思； on sale 句中也可以做定 语、状语和表语；例如：The new model is not on sale in the shops. 上市； 表语 I got this hat on sale; it was very cheap. 帽子 , 价格很廉价； 状语 There are some nice apples on sale in that shop. 很好的苹果出售； 定语 仍可表示 “ 廉价出售 ” ；在 这种 新款式在商店尚未 我在大减价 时买到这顶那家商店有些9. The human race is using up

32、 Earth s resources. （page 43, 就强调结 果；英line 41）人类正耗尽地球上的 资源；1 use up “用光、耗尽 ” ,use 仅指动作过程,而 use up语中不少 动词都是如此；例如：He knows how to use the savings and before long he will use up all the money. 他知道怎 样使用 这笔存款,用不了多久 这笔钱会全部用完；She didn t want to end the relationship. But she finally had to end it up. 她不想 终止

33、这种关 系但最终她只好 终止这种关 系；He was eating a hot dog when I came in. A few minutes later he ate up all the food on the table. 我进来时他正在吃 热狗,不一 会儿他吃完了餐桌上全部的食物；She had to dig the garden. As a result, an old coin was dug up in the garden. 她得把花园挖一挖 , 结果在花园里挖出了一枚古硬 币；2 辨析： use up, run out, run out of 表示 “ 用完” 时,这些词

34、组 意义相同,但用法不同； use up 是及物 动词短语,其主 语是人；例如：I ve used up all the glue. = All the glue has been used by me. 我把胶水都用光啦； run out是不及物 动词词组 ,表示 “ 被用完了（ become used up” ,含被动意义,其主语通常是 时间、金 钱、食物等无生命名 词；例如：His money soon ran out. 他的 钱很快就花完了；Food supplies had run out towards the end of the trip. 在旅行快 终止时,食物已 经吃完了；

35、 run out of 含有介 词 of ,作及物 动词用, “ 用完=use up” 的意思；例如：He ran out of gas a mile from home. 油用完了； What if Ive run out of money他在离家 仍有一英里的地方把汽？我把 钱花光了怎 么办？10. I am in complete agreement with human cloning.（page 43, lines 4950 ）我完全同意克隆人 类；1 in agreement with 是一短 语介词,句中 be in complete agreement with/about 是

36、系表 结构= quite agree with /about,意思是“ 完全同意；意 见一样” ,其介 词短语仍可以在句中做其他成分；例如：We are in agreement with their decision. I am quite in agreement with what you say. I find myself in almost total agreement with Tony. 我发觉自己的意 见几乎完全与托尼一样；我们同意他 们的准备；我特殊同意你 说的话；宾补 He nodded in agreement with me. 他点 头表示同意我的意 见； 状语 1

37、1. Seven years ago, my 10-year-old daughter died of heart failure.（page 43, lines 52辨析： die of, die from 53 ）七年前,我 10 岁的女儿死于心 脏病； die of“ 死于 ” ,常常表示由于疾病、情感、饥饿等缘由死亡；例如：The baby died of a fever. 那婴儿因 发高烧而死；In a cold winter, many wild animals may die of hunger. 在冰冷的冬天,许多野生 动物会死于 饥饿 ；The old woman died

38、of grief soon af ter her husbands death. 那位老太太在丈夫去世后不久因悲 伤而死； die from 意思是 “ 由于 而死 ” ,一般指除了疾病或情感以外的缘由造成的死亡；He died from a chest wound. 他因胸部受 伤而死亡；In a cold winter, wild animals may die from lack of food. 在冰冷的冬天,野生 动物会由于缺乏食物而死亡；Hes so busy, I am worried hes going to die f rom work too much. 他那 么忙,我怕他

39、会因工作 过劳 而死；12. Question things you do not understand or that do not appear to make sense. page 43 对于你不明白的地方,或者好像讲不通的地方,要提出 问题；辨析： appear, seem 两个 词做系 动词 用都有 “ 好像、好像 ” 的意思,含 义好像没有多大差异,在句型 结构上也基本一 样,有时候也能互 换,微 细的区 别仍然值得留意； appear 暗含“ 的确如此 ” 含义,假如要表示某 种判定而得出的印象最好用appear ；appear 仍可以是行 为动词 “ 显现,显现” 的意思；例

40、如：It appeared that he had a taste for music. = He appeared to have a taste for music. 看来他 对音乐仍 有确定的 鉴赏力；They appear / seem to have misunderstood me. = It appears /seems that they have misunderstood me. The actress is thirty-five years old, but she appears a lot younger. = The actress is thirty-five

41、years old, but it appears that she is a lot younger. 那个女演 员三十五 岁了,但是她看上去年 轻得多；他们好像 误会了我； seem 所表示的 “ 好像 ” 或“ 看来” 是以客 观的迹象 为依据； 仍可以有 It seems as if 句型,而 appear 就不能用于此句型；例如：She seems a clever girl. = It seems that she is a clever girl. 她好像是个 聪慧的姑娘；The baby seems to be asleep. = It seems that the baby

42、is asleep. 那婴孩好像是睡着了；He seemed disappointed when the man refused his request. = It seemed that he was disappointed when the man refused his request. 当那个人拒 绝了他的要求 时他看起来很败兴；It seems that you are lying. = You seem to be lying. 看来你在撒谎；It seems as if you are the first one here. 儿的；看起来你是第一个来 这It seems as

43、if she has been to England. 好像要下一 场雷阵雨；13. Why do some people think they have the right to go against nature.（page 45）为什么有些人 认为 他们有权与自然 对抗呢？辨析： go against, be against 他们基本同 义,都有 “ 反对、违反、不利于 ” 的意思,仍有区 别； go against sb. /sth 指“ 动作” ；例如： wishes. 不要 违反Dont go against your parents /your parents父母 亲的愿望；He

44、 went against the advice of his colleagues and resigned. 他不 顾同事 们的劝告别了 职； be against 指“ 状态” ；例如：Are most people against the proposal. It was against his will to do such things. 意；是多数人都反 对这项 提议吗 ？做这类 事是 违反他的本14. I believe that strict laws should be put in place and governments should do more to stop

45、human cloning.（page 45）我认为应当严 格立法,政府也 该实行更多的措施阻挡人 类克隆；in place 在句中作状 语,意思是 “ 在对的位置 ” 、“ 在适当的位置 ” ,其反 义短语out of place“不合适 ; 不恰当 ” ；在句中做表 语有“ 合适的；恰当的 ” 的意思；例如：She likes everything to be in place before she starts work. 工作前,她喜 欢把东西摆放得井然有序；Some of these books are out of place. Please put them in right o

46、rder. 有些 书位置不 对, 请把它 们按次序放好；With everything in place, she started the slide show. 一切就绪,她开头放幻灯片The proposal is not quite in place. 课堂作业那提议并不特殊恰当；. 依据 汉语意思或首字母完成句子；1. It has helped Chinese scientists make breakthroughs. 2. Other women are desperate to get back to work. 3. The aim is to reduce anxiety

47、and help the patients relax. 4. Nothing could stop the advance of the soldiers. 5. He received four years of normal education at college. 6. The building was totally完全地 destroyed by the fire 7. We shall do this for the benefit 利益 of the patients. 8. You ll succeed 成功 only if you put all your heart i

48、nto it. 9. Another agreement 协议 to be signed tomorrow will concern technical co-operation. 10. She finds it difficult to grasp the basic conceptII. 选用表格内短 语动词词语 的适当形式完成以下句子；go against, interfere with, concentrate on, push ahead 概念. with, succeed in, point out, show respect for, end up, use up, prais

49、e for, come across, be delighted to 1. Anxiety can interfere with childrens performance when they take an exam. 2. The election went against him at first, but he won at last. 3. You should concentrate on the road when youre driving.4. At last the climbers succeeded in climbing up the top of the moun

50、tains. 5. Don t use up all t he soap. Leave me some to wash with. 6. Everyone shows respect for her contribution to peace in the country. 7. They were praised by police for reporting the theft. 8. If you go against nature and do things, you will have to do more work and the results will not be so go

51、od. 9. I felt I could not move another step, but after lunch I pushed ahead with the rest. 10 Mistakes in the printing should be pointed out at once. . 选用表格内所 给短语完成以下句子；in general, with the intention to, for sale, in agreement with, on the one hand, one ones way to, in place, on the other hand 1. I

52、m well on the way to completing the report.2. On the one hand theyd love to have kids, but on the other, they dont want to give up their freedom. 3. In general, this type of cars is very functional and failures are rare. 4. I am in agreement with you that she should be given more responsibilities. 5

53、. Before the examination, please put everything for it in place. 6. On the other hand, many women choose to go out to work. 7. Last week my wife and I arranged to see a house that was for sale. 8. I worked late into the night with the intention to earning enough money. . 单项选择 ；1. Your tie goes very

54、well with your shirt. A . A. Oh, I got it on sale B. I bought it at half price C. Does it really look OK. D. No, not so nice 2. What shall we use for power when all the oil in the world has B . A. run out B. put out C. held up D. used up 3. In this state, all the adults who D laws were to be severel

55、y punished. A. went for B. stood for C. stood against D. went against 4. Father likes everything to be D . A. in place B. in the place C. in its place D. in a place 5. The earths resources C very quickly. A. are used up B. will be used up C. are being used up D. have used up 6. Jim was very happy ye

56、sterday because he B the book that he wanted. A. came to B. came across C. came about D. came out 7. The couple are unable to have children of their own, but hope to C one. A. adapt B. receive C. adopt D. keep 8. Many children think they are A with when their parents are trying to show concern about

57、 them. A. interfered B. separated C. disturbed D. informed 9. The baby reached out his hands, crying in B want of his mother. A. curious B. desperate C. sincere D. serious 10. They re travelling across Europe by train and are planning to end up in Moscow. A. ended up B. ending up C. end up D. to end

58、 up Word power & Grammar and usage 精讲典析1. This is the organ that controls the rest of the organs, just like the headmaster controls the school.（page 47）正是这个器官把握其他器官,正如校 长把握学校一 样；辨析： the rest, the other 两者都有 “ 其他的、其余的 ” 的意 义,但他 们的区 别较 大； rest 是名 词,即可指人也可指物,多指某一整体范 围之内的其他； the rest of + 名词 做主 语时 ,谓语动词

59、 可以用 单数形式,也可以用 复数形式,应视 the rest 所代替的那个名 词而定；例如：I have got two bright students in the class, but the rest of the students are average. 这个班我有两个 聪慧的同学,其余的平常；I ll keep one third of the money and the rest of the money is for you. 我留下三分之一的 钱,其余的 给你；The beginning of the lecture was boring, but the rest was

60、 interesting. 开头部分演 讲特殊枯燥,但是其余部分很好玩；The rest of the bicycles are on sale today. 市销售；其余的自行 车今日上 other 是代 词,单数是两者中的 “ 另一 ” ,复数才指 “ 其余的 人或物 ” ；多指如干个个体中的其余部分；做形容 词用时亦是如此；例如：She gave me one book last week and promised to bring the other on Wednesday. 她上周 给了我一本 书,并承 诺星期三 带来另一本；I went swimming while the ot