高考英语学习提升课堂：动词复杂在哪里讲义

1、高考英语学习提升课堂：动词复杂在哪里动词复杂在哪里？主动、被动，主谓、动宾，时态、语态，现在分词、过去分词，逻辑主语、 形式主语术语太多，分不清、理还乱，怎么办？我们来用三个“收纳盒”帮你理清楚。1、动词分“及物”、“不及物”。大局部及物动词的中文释义，不会造成误会，比方assume承当（我们自 然想到+责任），pace调整（+节奏），arouse激发（+情绪），leave 离开（+地方）。混乱的源头，就在于学习动词时，往往忽略了某些“及物动词” 一一“使 给将把让令为” 一一这种中文释义的“话术”。例如：release将释放present给呈现establish把建立起admit让进入opp

2、ose使反对involve让参与entertain 给娱乐extend使延长influence 给影响remind让想起substitute 用取代leave把留下2、动词和名词的关系分“主谓”、“动宾”直接上例子：The captains exploration concerned everyone.（船长的探险让每个人担忧）exploration和concern是主谓关系（探险使担忧）concern和everyone是动宾关系（使担忧人人）The young couple left their kid alone at home.（这对年轻夫妇把孩子单独留在家）Couple和leave是主

3、谓关系（夫妇把留下）Leave和kid是动宾关系（把留下小孩）关于“主谓”、“动宾”，可比作物理课讲的“物体发力（主谓关系）”、“物体受力（动宾关系）”关系。动宾关系，反过来就是“被动”，比方：The kid was left （小孩被留下）3、动词在句子中的成分。有“谓语（句子核心信息）”、“非谓语（补充定、状信息）”语法题考查要点，一个焦点：找到这个动词的“逻辑主语”，判断它们之间的“主动”还是 “被动”关系。三个判断：根据这个动词的“逻辑主语”和它的关系，判断一一（1 ）如果是谓语动词：看是否被动语态After weeks of labor, he was rewarded by the

4、 discovery of the shining ore.及物动词reward （给一一颁奖）,此处是谓语，逻辑主语he “他被 颁奖”，故用被动语态。（2）如果是分词定状：主动（-ing）还是被动（ed）Perhaps there are not enough players betting on the dog races to create a pool large enough to pay off the winners.及物动词bet （打赌），此处是非谓语形式做定语，逻辑主语players “玩家打赌”，故用现在分词。When exposed to stress, in wha

5、tever form, we react both chemically and physically.及物动词expose （让一一接触，使一一暴露在），此处是非谓语形式做状 语，逻辑主语we “我们被暴露在压力下”，故用过去分词。（3）如果是动名词和不定式：是否需要用“被动式”I need solid evidence and cant allow my official power to be decided by the media.及物动词decide （决定）,此处为不定式（allowto do结构）,逻辑主语ofRcial power“权力被媒体决定，故用被动式。Because

6、they shudder at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion, they are annually black-mailed by the designers and the big stores.及物动词see （看见）,此处为动名词（think of介词宾语），逻辑主语they“想到他们被看见”。利用上述方法，完成以下练习。1 .On September 12, the IUCN its Red List, a list of species at greatest risk o

7、f extinction.A. was released B. wasreleasing C. released D. releasing2.The first question is of medium difficulty. If the test taker answers correctly, the next item will be more difficult.A. is presented B. ispresenting C. presented D. presentingn the present highly commercialized age we of Christm

8、as many weeks before the event.A. are reminded B. arereminding C. reminded D. remindingt is an established fact that factory workers work better, harder, and have fewer accidents when their machines orange rather than black or grey.A. are painted B. arepainting C. painted D. paintingn another study

9、of elderly patients, aged over 65,to treatment programs, 70% were women who had overused medicines.A. were admitted B. wereadmitting C. admitted D. admitting.Many parents express their surprise that just a little decoration and abox cover, a bamboo spoon, an eggshell and even the vegetables like tom

10、atoes and cucumbers can become lively toys.A. are involved B. areinvolving C. involved D. involving.A study shows that left is one of the leading critical pre-crash events (an event that made a collision inevitable), occurring in 22.2 percent of crashes, as opposed to 1.2 percent for right turns.A.

11、are turned B. are turning C. turned D. turning.Most men will not admit that they are easily influenced by the women they prefer, because it is in the nature of the male to want as the stronger of the species.A. being recognized B. to recognize C. to berecognized D. recognizing9.Before you know it, t

12、he month has passed, the season has changed and you scratching your head, wondering how to bring meaning back to your career and life.A. are left B. are leaving C. left D. leaving.The argument advanced by those to the death penalty is that it is cruel and inhuman punishment, that it is tile mark of

13、a bad society and finally that it is of questionable effectiveness as a deterrent to crime anyway.A. are opposed B. oppose C. opposed D. opposing.NOT everyone has the courage everything behind to go after their dreams. But British pop singer Amy Pearson chose to make that difficult decision.A. left

14、B. leaving C. to leave D. to be left.We believe that the data and analysis in the volume offer valuableinsight into the issues of poverty and social exclusion in the UK.A. are presented B. arepresenting C. presented D. presentingf the greenhouse effect can be started, the ice caps will melt, water vapour, and the temperature will rise to -40.A. are released B. release C.released D. releasing14.Ilslavery untouched until the Civil War but it put in place arepresentative republic with basic rights for its citizens.A. was left B. was leaving C. left D