高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张)课件

1、名词专有名词(Proper Nouns)普通名词(Common Nouns)个体名词(Individual Nouns)集体名词(Collective Nouns)物质名词(Material Nouns)抽象名词(Abstract Nouns)不可数名词(Uncountable Nouns)可数名词(Countable Nouns)名词专有名词(Proper Nouns)普通名词个体名词(IProper Nouns:专有名词指人名、地名及某些人和事物专有的名称Diana; Beijing; Americans;English; May; New Years Day注意：专有名词的第一个字母要大

2、写Proper Nouns:专有名词Diana; BeijinCommon Nouns：专有名词以外的名词都是普通名词集体名词army; audience; crew; family; team; police; government; public1. His family_ large.2. His family _ all music lovers.他的家不是个大家庭。 他的家人都是音乐爱好者。isntareCommon Nouns：集体名词army; audien在不少情况下，集体名词后单复数动词都可以用，没什么差别。The audience _ excited by the show

3、.was/ were集体名词有时作单数看待，有时作复数看。一般来说，视为整体时作单数看，突出它的成员时作复数看。在不少情况下，集体名词后单复数动词都可以用，没什么差别。ThMaterial Nouns (物质名词) : 指无法分为个体的东西。beer; cloth; cotton; fur; ice; paint; paper; soil一般来说，物质名词是不可数的，因而没有复数形式。但有一些特殊情况：Material Nouns (物质名词) : 指无法分为个1)表示“一份”、“一杯”、“一种”时, 物质名词可用作可数名词。Two strong black coffees, please.

4、Three beers, please. It was a special tea. 2)个别物质名词的复数形式表示特别的意义。rains snows waters( 两份）(三杯）(一种）（雨季）(积雪）(海域)1)表示“一份”、“一杯”、“一种”时, 物质名词可用作可数Abstract Nouns(抽象名词): 表示一些抽象的概念。education; love; policy; trust; nature; fashion; relief; silence; truth,etc.多数情况下，这种名词常用于单数形式，不加任何冠词。1. Hes learning French for fun

5、.2. I wish you good luck.Abstract Nouns(抽象名词): 表示一些抽象的概当这类词具体化时，可以加冠词。1. He works hard for the welfare (福利) of the poor. 2. After a brief peace, war broke out again. 高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)当这类词具体化时，可以加冠词。1. He works har有些名词可以兼作可数名词和不可数名词。glass ( 玻璃 )copper ( 铜 )tin ( 锡 )paper (

6、纸 )iron (铁 )wood ( 木头 )gold (金子 )youth (青春 )power ( 力量 )beauty ( 美 )pleasure( 愉快 )relation(关系）a glass ( 玻璃杯 )a copper ( 铜板 )a tin ( 罐头)a paper ( 报纸，证件，论文 )an iron (熨斗 )a wood ( 树林 )a gold (金牌 )a youth (年青人 )a power ( 大国 )a beauty ( 美人，美的东西 )a pleasure( 使人感到愉快的事 )a relation(亲戚）高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)高

7、考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)有些名词可以兼作可数名词和不可数名词。glass ( 玻璃 英语中有许多对词， 一个可数， 一个不可数。a poem(一首诗 )a machine(一台机器 )a job(一件工作 )a laugh(一个笑声 )a permit(许可证 )a garment (一件衣裳 )a bag(case) (一件行李 )a loaf (一只面包 )a hair(一根头发 )poetry(诗歌总称 )machinery(机器总称 )work(工作 )laughter(笑声 )permission(允许 )clothing(衣裳总称 )luggage, baggag

8、e(行李 )bread(面包 )hair( 头发)高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)英语中有许多对词，a poem(一首诗 )poetry(诗1. 一般情况加 -s1)清辅音后读/s/ maps books 2)浊辅音和元音后读 /z/ bags cars名词复数的规则变化及读音重点名词复数高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)1. 一般情况加 -s名词复数的规则变化及读音重点名词复数2. 以s, sh, ch, x 等结尾的词加 es,读 /iz/ buses dishes watches

9、 boxes 特例：以 ch 结尾的名词发音为 k时，只加 s，读 /s/。stomachs 3. 以ce, se, ze, (d)ge 等结尾的词加 s, es 读 /iz/ cases bridges exercises changes 名词复数的规则变化及读音高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)2. 以s, sh, ch, x 等结尾的词加 es,读 5. 以y 结尾的专有名词，或元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时，直接加-s变复数：读 /z/ two Marysthe Henrys monkeys holidays4. 以辅音字母+y结

10、尾的词变y 为i 再加es, ies 读 /iz/ party-parties baby-babies名词复数的规则变化及读音高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)5. 以y 结尾的专有名词，或元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数6. 以f 或 fe 结尾的名词变复数时： a. 加-s 读 /s/ roofs gulfs chiefs safes cliffs beliefsb. 去f, fe 加-ves,读 /vz/half-halvesknife-knives self-selvesleaf-leaves wolf-wolves shelf-sh

11、elveslife-lives thief-thieves wife-wives c. 均可 handkerchief - handkerchiefs / handkerchieves hoof(蹄)-hoofs/hooves名词复数的规则变化及读音妻子(wife)在书架(shelf)上拿了一片叶子(leaf)当做小刀(knife)把小偷(thief)当做狼(wolf)劈成两半(half)后自己(self)逃命(life)了。 一个首领(chief)带着一个信念(belief)在海湾(gulf)的悬崖(cliff)上发现一个屋顶(roof)上面有个保险箱(safe)。高考英语英语语法专题：名词

12、(共52张PPT)高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)6. 以f 或 fe 结尾的名词变复数时： a. 加-7. 字母o结尾，有生命的加 es，无生命的加s，读 /z/。tomatoespotatoesheroespianos photos kilos tobaccos radios zoos bamboos名词复数的规则变化及读音高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)7. 字母o结尾，有生命的加 es，无生命的加s，读 /z/foot- feettooth -teeth名词复数的不规则变化(1)goose-geeseoo ee高考英语

13、英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)foot- feettooth -teeth名词复数的不规则child - childrenmouse - miceox-oxen+enouse ice高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)child - childrenmouse - miceoxman - menwoman - womenmen doctorswomen teachers只要是含man的, 复数为men, 如名词有man或woman修饰的，变成复数时两个词都要变成复数。高考英语英语语法专题：名词

14、(共52张PPT)高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)man - menwoman - womenmen do单数复数basisanalysisbacteriumdatummediumphenomenonbasesanalysesbacteriadatamedia phenomena高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)单数复数basisbases高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共5名词复数的不规则变化(2):单复数形式相同sheep deer means（方法） series (系列) species works（著作，工厂） Chine

15、se Japanese国家人的名词需要记住三种情况：1、单复数同形：Chinese; Japanese; Swiss2、需要变形：English - Englishman3、加 s 或 -es：German Germans中日不变英法变，其余S加后面。高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)名词复数的不规则变化(2):单复数形式相同sheep 1.6 不同国家的人的单复数 名称 总称(谓语用复数）一个人 两个人中国人the Chinese a Chinese two Chinese日本人the Japanesea Japanese two Jap

16、anese瑞士人the Swiss a Swiss two Swiss英国人 the English an Englishmantwo Englishmen法国人 the French a Frenchmantwo Frenchmen美国人the Americans an Americantwo Americans德国人the Germansa Germantwo Germans加拿大人the Canadians a Canadian two Canadians澳大利亚人the Australians an Australian two Australians 俄国人the Russians

17、a Russiantwo Russians印度人the Indians an Indian two Indians意大利人the Italians an Italian two Italians希腊人the Greek a Greektwo Greeks瑞典人the Swedisha Swedetwo Swedes 高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)1.6 不同国家的人的单复数 高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共 _ will make a trip around the world during the coming Christmas. A

18、. The Evens B. The Evens C. The Evenses D. The Evenses专有名词的复数与定冠词连用，常用来表示“一家人”或一家之中的两个或几个重要的人。高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT) _ will make a trip arouMr Smith has two _, both of whom are teachers in a school. Abrothers-in-law Bbrother-in-laws Cbrothers-in-laws Dbrothers-in law以连字符号连接的合成名

19、词一般将中心名词变成复数，如：managers-in-chief; fathers-in-law。如果没有中心名词就在该合成词的最后加 s。如：grown-ups。高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)Mr Smith has two _, both 以s结尾的复数名词后只加撇号不加s。 如：teachers office。2. 表示两个或多人共有的，在最后一个名词后加s。 如：Tom and Johns room。3. 在表示店铺或教堂的名字或某人的家时，名词所有格的后面常常不出现它所修饰的名词， 如：the barbers 理发店。名词的所

20、有格 名词的所有格有两种形式：s式和of式。一般说来，表示有生命的名词和表示时间、国家、距离等的名词的所有格用s，但还须注意以下几点：高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)以s结尾的复数名词后只加撇号不加s。名词的所有格 名词的所有1.Miss Smith is a friend of_. A. Marys mothers B. Marys mother C. Mothers of Mary D. Mary mothers2. Wheres your brother? At _. A. Mr. Greens B. Mr. Green C. th

21、e Mr. Greens D. the Mr. Green3.I wonder whose bicycle it is. It might be my_ A. neighbours B. neighbour C. neighbours高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)1.Miss Smith is a friend of_1. Tom is a worker. ( )2. The Childrens Palace is near Janes home. ( )3. She gave me some good advice. ( )主语，介词

22、宾语动词宾语名词在句中所做的成分主语，表语高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)1. Tom is a worker. ( 4. He didnt go there because of his illness. ( )5. We made Tom our monitor. ( )6. We students should study hard. ( )介词宾语宾语补足语同位语高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)4. He didnt go there because 7. The autho

23、rs name is on the cover of the book. ( )8. This book is of great use. ( )主语，介词宾语主语，介词宾语高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)7. The authors name is on the可数与不可数名词的修饰语只修饰可数名词的有each, either, neither, another, these, those, both, (a) few, several, many, a great /good many, a large number of, scor

24、es of, dozens of等。2. 只修饰不可数的有(a) little, much, a bit of, a great deal of, a large amount of等。3. 修饰可数和不可数名词的有some, any, half, most, all, a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a large quantity of, quantities of等。高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)可数与不可数名词的修饰语只修饰可数名词的有each, eit名词在高考中的运用高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共

25、52张PPT)高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)名词在高考中的运用高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT Divorced men must pay money for their children and sometimes pay alimony to their wives .money B. dresses C. attention D. visits2. Please answer the questions in the questionnaire and write down the advice if youve got any. book B. picture

26、C. exam D. a written list of questions_名词在阅读中的猜词上下文词根_高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT) Divorced men must pay money 名词在完型填空中的运用： 1. Weve missed the last bus. Im afraid we have no _ but to take a taxi. way B. choice C. possibility D. selection 2. I am sure David will be able to find the li

27、brary he has a pretty good _ of direction. Aidea Bfeeling Cexperience Dsense高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT) 名词在完型填空中的运用：高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共523. When the bell rang and the teacher closed his book , it was a _for everyone to stand up. chance B. mark C. way D. signal4. Carelessness is the usua

28、l _of fire.A. reason B. cause C. excuse D. origin意思? 搭配? 内涵区别?高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)3. When the bell rang and 1. (18.全国I) But for tourists like me, pandas are its _ (attract).2. (17.全国I) The nursery team switches him every few _ (day) with his sister so that while one is being

29、bottle-fed.3. (18.全国II) Then, handle the most important tasks first so youll feel a real sense of _ (achieve).attraction days achievement 名词在语法填空中的运用：高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)1. (18.全国I) But for tourists l4. (16.全国II) Recent _ (study) show that we are far more productive at work i

30、f we take short break regularly.5. (16.四川) Any smell might attract natural _ (enemy) that would try to eat the little panda.6. (18.浙江) It is important to pay your electricity bill on time, as late _ (pay) may affect your credit.studies enemies payments 高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)4.

31、(16.全国II) Recent _7. (16.浙江) We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our _ (different) unite, rather than divide us. 8. (17.全国I) Id skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for. the Li River that are pictured by artists in so many Chinese _ (painting) in which you laugh at her.differencespaintings 可数，

32、不可数？单数，复数 ？所有格？看句中的相关冠词和谓语的单复数和句意来判断。高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)7. (16.浙江) We can achieve a lo1.(全国I) My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest. 2.(全国II) If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden our view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books.3.(四川) Mom has a fu

33、ll-time job, but she has to do most of the houseworks.名词在改错中的运用honestyknowledgehousework高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)1.(全国I) My uncle tells me that4.(全国I) The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier.5.(全国II) One day, little Tony went to a shopping center with his parent. he

34、turned around and found that his parents were missing.6.(全国I).since then- for all these year-we have been allowing tomatoes to self seed where they please.airparentsyears高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)4.(全国I) The airs we breathe in1. Here I will give you some advices on how to build up

35、friendship.2. Teacher and parent express their congratulations and expectation. 3. I hope all the person have good table manners .名词在写作中的运用peopleadvice1.可数 不可数? 2.单数 复数? 3. 复数形式?ss高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)1. Here I will give you some 看一轮，二轮复习练习高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共

36、52张PPT)看一轮，二轮复习练习高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PP一、完成句子根据汉语提示, 完成下列句子。1. Two _ (月) ago，three _ (英雄) caught four _ (小偷).They made them plant some _ (土豆) and _(竹子) in two _ (动物园). They also made their _(妻子们) return the four big _(箱子)with some precious _ (照片)and _ (刷子)in them.monthsheroesthieves potatoesbambooszoo

37、swivesboxes photosrevisionbrushes高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)一、完成句子根据汉语提示, 完成下列句子。monthsher2. Two _(主编)，three _ (男教师) and five _ (女医生), together with their _(孩子们)， went to the market. They decided to buy two _(绵羊), three _(鹿)， four _(公牛)， five _(鹅)and six white _(老鼠)with three _ (脚)

38、and six _(牙齿).teetheditors-in-chiefmen teacherswomen doctors children sheepdeer oxengeesemice feet高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)2. Two _(1. All the teacher and student attended the grown-up ceremony.2. A Student made a speaking for us. 3. Good listen can show respect and promote unders

39、tanding .改一改 slisteningspeechs高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)1. All the teacher and s名词所有格的一些俚语：Ill take the risk for friendships sake.She was at her wits end.Now they could sing at their hearts content.We should get the children out of harms way.We had best keep them at arms length.For

40、 goodness sake,stop arguing.Jane got the moneys worth out of the coat. (为了友谊）（黔驴技穷）（尽情地）（不受损害）（保持距离）（看在上帝的份上）（很合算）高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)名词所有格的一些俚语：Ill take the risk 主谓一致。语法形式上的一致（主单谓单；主复谓复）。意义上的一致（主语形单意复，谓语用复数。Eg:people;police) （主语形复意单，谓语用单数。Eg: news;economics) 3.就近原则：eitheror;

41、 neithernor; not onlybut also4. 单复数视情况而定。）集体名词作主语：强调整体，用单数；强调个体，用复数）单复数同形名词作主语，按意义一致原则。Eg:means,species）中心词是all, most, half, rest时，按意义一致原则。即主语单数意义，谓语用单数；主语复数意义，谓语用复数。高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)主谓一致。语法形式上的一致（主单谓单；主复谓复）。意义上）主语是and连接两个名词时，指一样东西，谓语单数；指两样东西，谓语复数。Eg: A knife and fork is o

42、n the table. 5)代词作主语，取决于它代替的是单数还是复数。意义一致原则。Eg: ours, yours; such, the same; who, that, which; any, either, neither,(单独作主语，谓语单数） none, all, some, more, ）分数，量词，half of, part of作主语，于中心词保持一致。）what 引导的主语从句。通常用单数；所指的具体内容为复数时，谓语用复数。）主谓倒装，谓语与其后主语一致。高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)）主语是and连接两个名词时，

43、指一样东西，谓语单数；指两样。谓语用单数的情况。）名词所有格之后的名词被省略。（指商店，工场，住宅等）作主语。Eg: The doctors, my uncles, the bakers2) 中心词是时间、距离、金额、度量、书名等复数名词。Eg: three years; The selected poems of Li Bai; 3) each, every, no 所修饰名词，即使以and 或逗号连接。Eg: each boy and each girl ; every man and woman4) 主语有more than one; many a 5) a kind of; a pair of; a series of高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)高考英语英语语法专题：名词(共52张PPT)。谓语用单数的情况。）名词所有格之后的名词被省略。（指6) This kind of7) The number of8) A great deal of; a large amount of +un9) One a