Counterfeit Parts Advisory仿冒电子元件公告

1、Counterfeit Parts AdvisoryPolytronix, Inc.仿冒电子元件公告This doocumennt conntainss infoormatiion abbout CCounteerfeitt Partts thaat mayy be aavailaable tto be used in thhe Mannufactture/AAssembbly off Prodducts or Arrticlees thaat aree purcchasedd by PPolytrronix, Inc.PI在电子产品品生产或组装装过程中可能能会无意用到到购买回来的的仿冒电子元

2、件，故本文文特此对该类类仿冒电子元件进行详细细介绍。Polytroonix, Inc. custoomers have proviided uus witth a wwarninng thaat theese coounterrfeit compoonentss are availlable from some distrributoors ovver thhe intternett and from “storres” oon eBaay. MMany ccounteerfeitt partts aree hardd to iidentiify unnless you ccomparre t

3、heem to a knoown goood paart orr phottograpphs siimilarr to tthose in thhis doocumennt. 从PI客户那里里得知，这些些仿冒电子元件件来源于网络络上的某些批批发商和eBBay网店。通通常情况下，大大部分的仿冒冒电子元件都很很难辨别，除除非买家将此此仿冒电子元件件与已知的真真货来进行对对比，或者与与本文里所涉涉及到的那些些照片进行对对照，便可一一辨真伪。We are respoonsiblle to watchh for any eevidennce off counnterfeeit paarts aand t

4、oo insppect tthe asssembllies tthat wwe purrchasee to ddetermmine iif couunterffeit pparts have been used to coomplette anyy partt of tthe asssemblly.PI有责任随时时留意并检查查所购买回来来的电子组件件，以确定电电子产品的组组装过程中是是否有用到这这些仿冒电子组件件。Additioonallyy Polyytroniix, Innc. haas an obliggationn to fflow ddown tto ourr suppplierss

5、:另外，PI有义义务将以下条条款要求信息传达达给PI供应应商：The reqquiremment tthat nno couunterffeit pparts are tto be used in anny prooduct or arrticlee deliiveredd to PPolytrronix, Inc. to ssatisffy a ppurchaase orrder oor as a sammple, repreesentaative of ittems that are ppurchaased bby Pollytronnix, IInc. iin thee futuure.

6、供应商不得以应应付PI的采采购订单或样样品订单为由由，而向PII提供任何含含有仿冒电子组件件的产品。Informaation regarrding any kknown suppllier oof couunterffeit pparts with the rrestriictionn thatt no ppart oor iteem proovidedd by tthe knnown ssuppliier off counnterfeeit paarts wwill bbe useed on itemss deliiveredd to PPolytrronix, Inc.供应商在向PII提供

7、的任何何产品中，禁禁止出现任何何已知的伪电电子组件供应应商供应的电电子组件。This reequireement must flow-down to suub-conntracttors tthat aa Polyytroniix, Innc. appproveed suppplierr may use tto proovide partss, matterialls, orr asseembliees forr itemms thaat willl be used in anny iteem thaat willl be delivvered to Poolytroonix, Inc.务必将

8、此要求传传达给分包商商或次供应商商，该次供应应商的定义为为：经PI评评审合格的，间间接向PI提提供部件，物物料或组件的的供应商。而而其上级供应应商则是直接接向PI提供供（包括前面面所说的部件件，物料或组组件的）产品的供应应商。If counnterfeeit paarts aare suuspectted orr idenntifieed as a sepparatee partt or ppart oof an assemmbly tthe paarts oor iteem musst be immeddiatelly seggregatted annd repportedd to mman

9、ageement who wwill mmake aassignnmentss to rresolvve thee quesstionss. 如果某个独立元元件或组装元元件被鉴定为为仿冒电子元件件，则应立即即对此独立元元件或组件进进行隔离，并并及时向上层层管理汇报此此问题，以便便上层管理拟拟定措施解决决此问题。Upon coonfirmmed sttatus of anny couunterffeit ppart oor asssemblyy all partss of tthe saame nuumber incluuded iin thee itemm billl of mmateriia

10、ls uused wwill bbe seggregatted annd ideentifiied foor re-inspeectionn and/or prroper dispoositioon by compaany maanagemment.一旦仿冒电子元元件或组件被被确认下来之之后，组装材材料里的所有有具有相同型型号的元件都都应被隔离，待待重新检查和和/或由公司司管理层进行行恰当的处置置。左图为广东省汕汕头市贵屿镇镇的一批工人人正在从电子子废弃堆里捡捡取塑料。汕汕头市贵屿镇镇距香港东北北部只有几个个小时的车程程。该城市有有5500家家处理电子废废弃物的家庭庭工厂。（西西雅图时报公公司

11、，20006年）右图为一工人正正在用煤炭烤烤架对线路板板进行除焊。先用箱子里的石头撞击线路板除去焊料，而后用Pilers夹钳则可卸下芯片，然后再将芯片放入相应的桶子里。除去焊料和芯片后的线路板则被扔在一堆，以进行露天焚烧。What iss a Coounterrfeit Electtronicc Compponentt? Ann Aeroospacee and Defennse Eqquipmeent Maanufaccturerrs Viiew那究竟何谓仿冒冒电子元件呢呢？以下为一航空及及国防业专用用电子设备厂厂商的观点：Counterrfeitiing offten iinvolvves

12、caases wwhere partss are offerred thhat prresentt a riisk booth too the Goverrnmentt Equiipmentt Manuufactuurer aand too the Goverrnmentt userr. Exaampless incllude 仿冒行为案例通通常涉及到：所提供的元元件或产品会会给民用电子子设备厂商和和政府主体带带来风险。这这样的案例包包括Parts rremarkked too disgguise partss diffferingg fromm thosse offfered by thhe

13、 oriiginall partt manuufactuurer (e.g. origiinal mmanufaactureer, coountryy of ooriginn, speecifieed perrformaance) 用有标志的其他他元件来伪装装非原厂商提提供的仿冒元件。（例例如，伪装成成原制造商，原原产地，保证证性能等）Defectiive paarts sscrappped byy the origiinal ppart mmanufaacturee被原元件制造商商报废的有缺缺陷的那些元元件Previouusly uused pparts salvaaged ffrom ss

14、crappped asssembllies从报废组件中提提取出来的先先前使用过的的元件 Thesse aree inciidentss thatt jeoppardizze thee perfformannce annd relliabillity oof eleectronnics.这些行为为事件已危及及到电子产品品的性能及可可靠性。 Detectiion off Counnterfeeit Ellectroonic CComponnents仿冒电子元件检检测It has becomme neccessarry forr all distrributoors off elecctroniic

15、 commponennts annd mannufactturerss of eelectrronic equippment to innspectt all incomming eelectrronic compoonentss for autheenticiity. TThis ddocumeent haas beeen derrived from yearss of iinspecctionss at oour faacilitty andd receent innvolveement in inndustrry commmitteees annd symmposiuums reelat

16、edd to tthe inncreasse in countterfeiit acttivityy. Ourr goall withh thiss docuument is too infoorm yoou howw to ddetectt counnterfeeit paarts aand bee conffidentt in yyour eevaluaation.对所有的电电子元件经销销商及电子设设备制造商来来说，检查采采购近来的电电子元件的真真实性已成为为必然，至关关重要。基于于本厂多年来来的电子元件件检测经验，以及近来就仿冒案例增加问题而开展的一系列专题讨论会，特此拟定本公告，旨在告

17、诉大家如何检测出仿冒电子元件，在仿冒电子元件评估过程中树立信心。The counterfeiting problem is most prevalent in mainland China. Although we do not purchase directly from that region we continue to receive counterfeit parts on a weekly basis. Often the counterfeits supplied to us are from long time good standing suppliers who are j

18、ust not trained or prepared to detect counterfeits.仿冒问题在中国大陆最为突出。尽管我们没有直接从中国大陆地区采购（电子元件），但是我们每周都会收到仿冒电子元件。通常情况下，该类仿冒电子元件都是来自那些与我们长期合作的且声誉良好的供应商，但是，这些供应商却不曾受训过，也不曾打算做好检测仿冒电子元件的准备。We will start with the necessary tools to detect counterfeit or non conformant electronic components. You will need all of

19、 the standard tools for handling electrostatic sensitive parts. For the detection of counterfeits you will also need a microscope with at least 30X magnification. It is also important that you have a camera built into your microscope. Some of the processes of determining a counterfeit require you to

20、 send copies of photos to different resources for their evaluation. In addition to a microscope you will need a solvent to check for part marking permanence. Acetone is a common chemical to determine if the part has been remarked, but a less harsh solvent is a combination of 3 parts mineral spirits

21、and one part alcohol. This is the mixture that MIL-STD-883 (method 2015.13) requires part markings to withstand.在正式开始检测仿冒电子元件或不合格电子元件之前，我们要先介绍下检测过程中需要用到的工具。在处理静电敏感类元器件时，须使用所有标准工具。检测仿冒电子元件时，也要用到放大倍数至少为30倍的显微镜。另外，显微镜里应内设有照相机，这一点也很重要，因为检测仿冒电子元件的某些过程要求检测人员将相关照片发送至不同的资源团队，以便他们进行评估。除了显微镜之外，还需要相应的溶剂来检查元件标记

22、的耐久性。丙酮是一种常见的化学溶剂，可用来决定元件是否被重新标记过，但是，另外一种刺激性较弱的溶剂则是由溶剂油/松香水和酒精以3:1的比例混合而成。美国军用标准MIL-STD-883 (method 2015.13)要求电子元件标记必须能承受得住这种混合溶剂的擦洗。To begin inspecting incoming electronic components we start with a visual inspection of all of the packaging. Some of the signs to look for are:在说明如何检查查采购回来的的电子元件为为仿冒元

23、件之之前，我们先先了解如何目目检电子元件件的封装情况况。以下为需需要目检的项项目：Misspelllingss on tthe maanufaccturerrs labbels 检检查厂商标签签上是否出现现拼写错误Verificcationn thatt the date code on thhe labbel maatch ddates codess on tthe paarts 验验证标签上的的生产日期代代码是否与元元件本体上的的生产日期代代码一致Date coodes tthat aare noot posssiblee. ex. 06577 检查是否否出现不可能能的生产日期期代码，例如

24、如，06577Date coodes tthat aare inn the futurre 检查生生产日期代码码是否是将来来的日期If partts aree moissture sensiitive they requiire a dry ppack aand a Humiddity iindicaator ccard. Oftenn the countterfeiiters forgeet somme pieece off the moistture ssensittive pparts requiiremennts. PPart sspeciffic reequireementss ca

25、n usuallly bee founnd on the ddatashheet. 如果元件属属于潮湿敏感感性器件，包包装时往往需需要干燥混合合料及湿度指指示卡，而电电子元件仿冒冒者往往会忽忽略了关于湿湿度敏感型元元件的某些条条款要求。若若是正宗的电电子元件，通通常在数据资资料表上都会会找到元件的的具体条款要要求。Examinaation of thhe Inddents 模腔检查Most pllasticc inteegrateed cirrcuitss havee caviities purpoosefullly maade duuring the mmold pprocesss. Soo

26、me off themm are pin oone orr otheer dessignattions for uuse inn partt placcementt, butt otheers arre jusst parrt of the pplastiic molld proocess. Moldd caviities shoulld be cleann, acccordinng to the mmanufaactureers wee havee spokken too. Exaamininng theese inndentss is oour nuumber one wway off d

27、eteectingg counnterfeeit coomponeents. The ccounteerfeitters hhave aa veryy diffficultt timee keepping tthe inndentss cleaan andd conssistennt durring ttheir refinnishinng proocess. The pictuures tto folllow aare exxamplees of what we haave reeceiveed in our wwarehoouse aand a smalll expllanatiion o

28、ff our obserrvatioon folllows. 在塑模过程中，大大多数的塑料料封装IC集集成电路都会会做上模腔标标记。其中，部部分为极性标标记，但是，其其它的模腔则则是在塑膜过过程中产生的的，属于塑模模过程的一部部分。从那些些与我们洽谈谈过的厂商那那里得知，非非仿冒封装IIC芯片的模腔应该是干干净的。因此此，检查模腔腔就成为检测测仿冒电子元元件的首要方方法。在重新新收尾过程中中，电子元件件仿冒者很难难做到保持模模腔一直干净净且一致。以以下图片为我我们从供应商商那里收到的的封装IC芯芯片，旁边的的文字则是我我们就检测结结果所做出的的相应解释。These ttwo paarts ww

29、ere rreceivved inn the same lot aand haave iddenticcal paart nuumber markiings. Thesee are the ssame eends nnext tto eacch othher annd youu can see tthat oone haas 3 iindentts andd the otherr has just 2. Thhe shaape annd sizze of the iindentts aree alsoo diffferentt. Onee is aa rounnded ccavityy and

30、 the ootherss are all fflatteened. 左图为我们们收到的同一一批号的两个个封装IC芯芯片。这两个个IC芯片的型号标标记一样，且且两个端口也也相邻，但是是从图片中我我们可以看出出，其中的一一个IC芯片片有3个模腔腔，而另外一一个就只有22个模腔。而而且，模腔的的形状及尺寸寸也不一样。其其中一个模腔腔是圆弧形的的，而其它的的几个模腔都都是平的。Again yyou caan seee diffferencces inn the indennts. TThe inndent to thhe lowwer leeft loooks ssimilaar, buut the

31、e midddle riight iindentt is nnot appparennt on the bbottomm partt. Thiis seeems too occuur beccause the ccounteerfeitters ssand ddown tthe paarts tto remmove tthe olld marrkingss and then they resurrface it wiith a proceess caalled “blaccktoppping”, whicch oftten fiills sshalloow cavvitiess. 从右图中也可

32、以以看出模腔的的不同之处。右右图的两个封封装IC芯片片中，左下方方的两个模腔腔看起来很相相似，但是下下方那个ICC芯片，偏右右边的模腔根根本就不明显显。这并不会会让人感到惊惊讶，因为仿仿冒者对ICC芯片表面进进行砂磨，以以除去表面上上的旧标记，而而后在砂磨过过的表面上涂涂敷上一层所所谓的“沥青”涂料，形成成了浅模腔。Here iss a cllose uup of an inndent that has bbeen ffilledd in wwith tthe “bblackttoppinng” maateriaal. Thhese iindentts aree neveer parrtial

33、lly madde durring tthe maanufaccturinng proocess. Theyy are unifoorm inn deptth thrroughoout thhe cirrcle. This partiicularr one is fiilled to thhe edgge on one sside. 左图为已用用“沥青”涂敷过的模模腔的特写镜镜头。在生产产过程中，不不可能出现模模腔内部厚度度不均匀现象象。而左图的的这个模腔的的一边缘已被被“沥青”填平，造成成模腔内部厚厚度不均匀。The inddents are aalwayss cleaan andd uni

34、fform ffrom tthe maanufaccturerr. Thiis inddent hhas beeen fiilled in wiith thhe matterialls useed to coverr up tthe olld surrface.据供应商的观点点，模腔通常常都会很干净净且厚度一致致，但是右图图里的这个模模腔则是被涂涂料填充过，目目的是要掩盖盖住原来的表表面涂层。The couunterffeiterrs aree slowwly fiigurinng outt thatt we aare caatchinng theeir miistakees. Wee hav

35、ee starrted tto seee an aattemppt to visuaally aadd ann indeent soo all of thhe parrts loook unniformm. Froom a nnaked eye tthis iindentt lookks likke a rregulaar inddent. With the mmicrosscope it iss easyy to ssee thhat thhey haave ettched a cirrcle tto creeate tthe apppearaance oof a nnormall inde

36、ent. 仿仿冒者已逐渐渐了解到我们们在捕捉他们们的错误。所所以他们就企企图在IC芯芯片表面上增增加一个模腔腔，以使所有有的IC芯片片看起来都很很均匀。如果果用肉眼来观观察，左图里里的模腔看起起来像是一个个规则的模腔腔。但是，如如果用显微镜镜来观察，则则很容易发现现：原来仿冒冒者在IC芯芯片表面蚀刻刻了一个圆圈圈，来制造正正常模腔的假假象。We are assurred byy the manuffacturrers tthat wwe speeak wiith thhat thhey arre verry strrict wwith ttheir standdards when manuff

37、acturring pparts. Painnt in the iindentts is not wwhere it iss inteended, therreforee it iis susspect countterfeiit. 相关关厂商向我们们保证说，在在生产IC芯芯片时，他们们对各方面的的要求是相当当严格的。右右图IC芯片片模腔里的漆漆是不应该出出现的，但事事实却是如此此，因此我们们怀疑它是仿仿冒IC芯片片。This paart iss fromm the same lot ccode aas thee abovve parrt. Yoou cann see an addditioo

38、nal pprobleem witth thee diffferencces inn indeents. One iis mucch larrger aand annotherr is nnon exxistennt. Iff therre is no “ssmokinng gunn” we are llookinng forr moree thann one clue to maake ouur finnal deetermiinatioon thaat thee partts aree counnterfeeits. In thhis caase wee havee two fairlly

39、 obvvious anomaalies whichh makee our deterrminattion cclear. 左图的IIC芯片和上上图IC芯片片有着相同的的批号代码。但但是，我们可可以看出模腔腔的另一个问问题。其中，一个个模腔比上图图里的大，而而另一个模腔腔却不存在。如如果只是出现现前面所提两两者中的任何何一个证据，“一个模腔较大”或“一个模腔不存在”，那我们就得搜集另外一条线索来断定该IC芯片为仿冒品，但是左图里的IC芯片却同时出现了这两个不同之处，因此，我们可以大胆断定该IC芯片为仿冒品。These 33 partts aree all markeed ideenticaal

40、ly oon thee top. The indennts off thesse 3 hhave ccompleetely diffeerent markiings. Not oonly aare thhey diiffereent, bbut thhey doo not folloow anyy patttern. It iss not uncommmon oon leggitimaate paarts tto seee simiilar ppatterrns thhat arre nott idennticall. Forr exammple, it caan be a leggitima

41、ate paart iff you had pproducct, thhat liike thhe firrst onne hadd 2 leetterss in tthe inndentss, butt theyy weree diffferentt lettters. It coould hhave “”BBP” onn anotther ppart aand noot be a thrreat oof couunterffeit mmateriial. IIt is the ssame wwith tthe 3rrd piccture. You may hhave aa “T” on a

42、nnotherr partt withhout ccause to woorry. 上图3个IIC芯片的正正面标记都一一样，但是背背面的这3个个模腔的标记记都不一样。不仅标记不一样，而且没有遵循一定的样式。其实，真正IC芯片背面的模腔标记图案也不一样，但是这些标记图案都会遵循某个特定的样式。例如，像上面左起第一张图片里的那样，如果是两个不同字母的标记图案，那就可以被认为是真正的IC芯片。如上面第二张图片所示，如果模腔的标记图案是“BP”，则就不会被怀疑为仿冒IC芯片。第三张图片也一样，如果模腔的标记为“T”，就不用担心会被怀疑为仿冒品。Countriies off Origgin原产地地Mos

43、t paarts, whichh are largee enouugh too writte a ccountrry of origiin, diisplayy wherre it was mmanufaactureed sommewherre on the ppart. It iss commmonly placeed in the iindentts, buut it can bbe wriitten anywhhere oon thee partt. Smaaller partss ofteen havve coddes wiithin the llot coodes ffor coou

44、ntryy of ooriginn infoormatiion, wwhich makess it ddifficcult tto usee as aa deciiding factoor. Wee havee donee inveestigaationss withh the compoonent manuffacturrers aand alll of them we haave sppoken to saay thaat a ppart wwith tthe saame loot codde as anothher caannot be maanufaccturedd in ddiffe

45、rrent ccountrries. See tthe piicturees to folloow forr exammples. 大多数的的IC芯片都都有足够的空空间来标注上上原产地，以以表明该芯片片产于何地。原原产地标志一一般标在模腔腔内，但是也也可以标在IIC芯片表面面上的其它地地方。若是较较小的芯片，一一般来说，批批号代码内就就包括了原产产地代码信息，这这种原产地代代码信息很难难作为检测仿仿冒IC芯片片的决定性因因素。我们已已经就这个问问题对IC芯芯片厂商展开开了一系列调调查，结果所所有的厂商都都坚持这样一一个观点：如如果两片ICC芯片的批号号代码一摸一一样，则其原原产地必然一一样。具

46、体案案例请见以下下图片。It is ddifficcult tto seee the markiing onn the rightt becaause tthe bllacktooppingg has made the wwritinng uncclear, but it iss markked “MMALAYSSIA” aand thhe parrt on the lleft wwith tthe saame toop marrkingss is mmarkedd “PHIILIPPIINES”. We wwill sshow cclose up piicturees of the bbla

47、ckttoppinng prooblem on thhe rigght inn the “Textture” sectiion beecausee thiss is aa goodd signn of ccounteerfeitts as well. 如图所示，因涂涂敷上一层“沥青”涂料，右边边的原产地标标志很难辨别别。但是，其其实际原产地地标志为“MALAYYSIA”(马来西亚亚)。但是，左左边的原产地地标志却是“PHILIIPPINEES”(菲律宾)。在接下来来的“IC芯片表表面纹理/质质地”章节中，将将对该“沥青”问题进行详详细介绍。因因为“IC芯片表表面纹理/质质地”也是检测仿仿冒IC

48、芯片片的一个因素素。Same loot codde on top. Manuffacturred inn sepaarate counttries.从左图中可以看看出，IC芯芯片正面的批批号代码一样样，但是两片片IC芯片的的原产地却不不一样。Texturee IC芯片片表面纹理/质地Plasticc Elecctroniic Commponennts arre typpicallly madde witth a mmix off finee glasss andd plasstic. The ssurfacce of the mmoldedd packkage iis texxturedd w

49、henn it iis remmoved from the mmold. The ppin caavitiees aree ofteen verry smoooth aas youu can see iin thee prevvious pictuure. TThe coounterrfeiteers haave coome upp withh a veery goood miixturee to ccreatee a veery siimilarr surfface oon topp of tthe orriginaal surrface. Withh the nakedd eye it i

50、ss almoost immpossiible tto detterminne thee diffferencce bettween the ooriginnal suurfacee and a fakke surrface. By ttakingg a cllose llook tthrouggh thee micrroscoppe theere arre manny siggns thhat caan hellp youu deteerminee the autheenticiity off a coomponeent. SSee thhe piccturess to ffolloww f

51、or exampples.塑塑料封装型电电子元件往往往都是由细玻玻璃及塑料混混装而成。封封装IC芯片片离模时，其其表面会形成成一定的纹理理。pin cavitties 通通常都很平滑滑，正如之前前图片中见到到的那样。于于是，仿冒者者就想出这么么一个方法：用一种特定定的混合物涂涂敷在IC芯芯片原表面上上，以制造假假象。如果用用肉眼来观察察，几乎是不不可能辨别出出哪一层面是是原层面，哪哪一层面是仿仿冒者涂敷上上去的。但是是通过显微镜镜细微观察，我我们就可以发发现，有许多多标记可以用用来辨别电子子元件的真伪伪。具体案例例请见以下各各图片。Thhis iss a cllose uup of how t

52、the suurfacee of tthe paart shhould look. It iis verry harrd to see iin piccturess, butt throough aa micrroscoppe thee diffferencces beetweenn a tyypicall fakee and an auuthenttic paart caan besst be descrribed as; tthe suurfacee of aa truee partt has a shaarper and ddullerr lookk. Thee glasss in th

53、e mmixturre makkes foor shaarp liittle peakss and valleeys, wwhereaas, whhen paaintedd withh the blackktoppiing maateriaal thee peakks andd vallleys aare smmootheed oveer andd fillled inn, likke if you wwere tto putt a cooat off painnt on sand paperr. Thiis piccture and ddescriiptionn are not rrelev

54、aant too everry parrt, buut thee majooritiees havve thiis typpe of finissh. Thhere aare soome leegitimmate pparts that have smootth plaastic finisshes tthat mmust nnot haave gllass iin thee mixtture. 以上图片为ICC芯片表面外外观的特写镜镜头。从以上上图片，我们们是很难看出出仿冒IC芯芯片和真正IIC芯片的不不同之处。但但是通过显微微镜观察，不不同之处就可可以完全体现现出来：真正正的IC芯片片表面

55、看起来来比较锋锐且且色彩黯淡。IC芯片纹理/质地内的细玻璃使得表面形成了“波峰”和“低谷”的外观。然而，若是在表面上涂敷上“沥青”涂料，“波峰”处就会被敷平，而“低谷”处则会被填平，就像在砂纸上涂上一层面漆一样。上面的图片及对该纹理/质地的描述不一定都适用于所有的IC芯片，但是大部分的IC芯片都具备这种纹理/质地。若某些真正的IC芯片表面收尾非常平滑，那么该IC芯片的纹理/质地内肯定没有细玻璃成分。As prevviouslly desscribeed, thhe inddents are ttypicaally ssmoothh and thereefore the wwritinng wi

56、tthin tthem sshouldd not be teextureed eitther. This is ann extrreme eexamplle beccause half of thhe inddent iis fillled bby thee blaccktoppping mmateriial, bbut iff you see lletterrs witth texxture on thhem itt is mmost llikelyy blaccktoppped. 正正如之前描述述的那样，左左图里IC芯芯片的模腔非非常平滑，因因此，模腔内内的字母标志志是不可能形形成上面所描

57、描述的那种纹纹理/质地。这这是个非常典典型的例子。从从图中可以明明显看出，模模腔的一大半半部分都被“沥青”涂料填充，至至于看到的那那些像是有“纹理/质地地”的字母，极极可能是涂敷敷上了“沥青”涂料的缘故故。This iss a siimilarr exammple, but hhere yyou caan seee thatt theyy havee atteemptedd to rre-staamp ovver thhe exiistingg stammp. Moost liikely they did tthis tto covver upp diffferentt counntriess

58、 of ooriginn. 右图的这个例子子与之前的很很相似，但是是，从右图中中我们可以看看出，仿冒者者企图在原有有的印戳标记记上重盖印戳戳，以掩盖住住不同的原产产地标志。Remembeer, thhe inddents shoulld be cleann. Thee reasson thhat thhey arre nott unifform hhere iis beccause durinng theeir reemarkiing prrocesss the materrials get sstuck in thhe inddents. Any extraa mateerial in th

59、he inddents does not bbelongg therre. 正如如之前描述过过的，真正IIC芯片的模模腔都会很干干净，但是从从左图中可以以看出，该IIC芯片的模模腔很不均匀匀，原因是仿仿冒者在重新新标记过程中中，涂敷在模模腔内的涂料料堵住了，部部分都凝结在在一块了。This piicturee showws thaat theere arre 2 ddifferrent ttexturres inn one area. It iis nott uncoommon to seee a ssmoothh finiish inn the indennt andd texttured

60、on thhe facce of the ppart, but nnever shoulld youu see 2 diffferennt texxturess on oone arrea off the part. 从右图中中可以看出，同同一个模腔内内出现了2种种不同的纹理理/质地。若若模腔内的收收尾很平滑，模模腔外的其它它表面有着构构造锋锐色彩彩黯淡的纹理理/质地，这这倒是一种很很正常的现象象。但是，IIC芯片的同同一模腔区域域内出现2中中不同的纹理理/质地，这这是根本不存存在的，除非非是仿冒品。The morre sammples you ssee yoou shoould sstart