英语课程标准要求初中教育掌握语法项目与词汇

1、英语课程标准要求初中掌握的语法项目及词汇语法项目表1名词1）可数名词及其单复数2）不可以数名词3）专有名词4）名词所有格2代词1）人称代词2）物主代词3）反身代词4）指示代词5）不定代词6）疑问代词3数词1）基数词2）序数词4介词和介词短语5连词6形容词（比较级和最高等）7副词（比较级和最高等）8冠词9动词1）动词的基本形式2）系动词3）及物动词和不及物动词4）助动词5）神情动词10时态1）现在进行时2）一般现在时3）一般过去时4）一般将来时5）过去进行时6）现在完成时11被动语态12非谓语动词：动词不定式13构词法（1）合成法（2）派生法（3）转变法（4）缩写和简写14句子种类1）述句（必定

2、式和否定式）2）疑问句：一般疑问句、特别疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句3）祈使句4）惋惜句15句子成分1）主语2）谓语（主谓一致）3）表语4）宾语（直接宾语和间接宾语）5）定语6）状语16简单句的基本句型1）主语+系动词+表语2）主语+不及物动词3）主语+及物动词+宾语4）主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语5）主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语6）therebe句型17并列复合句18主从复合句1）宾语从句2）状语从句3）定语从句词汇表说明：1本表共收约1600个单词。2本词汇表不列词组和短语。3本词汇表不列语法术语。4部分可依照构词法推导出的副词、名词等不只列。Aa(an)art.ability

3、nableaaboutprep&ad.aboveprepabroada&adabsentaaccentnacceptvaccidentnachenachievevacrossprepactn&vactionnactiveaactivitynaddvaddressnadvantagenadvertisementnadvicenadvisevaffordvafraidaafterad,prep&conjafternoonnagainadagainstprepagenagoadagreevagreementnairnairlineairplanenairportnaliveaalla&pronall

4、owvalmostadaloneaalongad&prepaloudadalreadyadalsoadalthoughconjalwaysadAmericanAmericana&namongprepancientaandconjangryaanimalnanothera&pronanswern&vantnanypron&aanybodypronanyonepronanythingpronanywayadanywhereadappearvapplenAprilnareaarmnarmynaroundprep&adarrivevartnarticlenasad,conj&prepAsianbehi

5、ndprepAsiana&nbelievevaskvbellnasleepabelowprepatprepbesideprepAtlanticn&abesidesprep&adattentionnbetweenprepAugustnbeyondprepauntnbigaAustralianbike=bicyclenAustraliana&nautumnnbillnavailableabirdnavoidnbirthnawakevbirthdaynawayadbiscuitnBbitnbitterababynblacka&nbackad&nblackboardnblindabackgroundn

6、bloodnbad(worse,worst)ablow(blew,blown)vbagnbluen&aballnballoonnboardnbamboonboatnbanananbodynbanknbooknbaseballnboringabasicabornabasketnborrowvbasketballnbossnbathroomnbothpron&abe(is,am,are,was,were,being,been)auxvbottlenbeachnbottomnbearnbowlnbeatv&nboxnbeautifulaboynbecauseconjbrainnbecome(beca

7、me,become)vbraveabednbreadnbedroomnbreak(broke,broken)v&nbeenbreakfastnbeefnbreathnbeforeprep,ad&conjbreathevbegin(began,begun)vbridgenbehaviournbrightabring(brought,brought)vbrothernbrownn&abrushv&nbuild(built,built)vbuildingnburn(-ed,ed/burnt,burnt)vbusnbusinessnbusyabutconjbutternbutterflynbuy(bo

8、ught,bought)vbyprepbyeinterjCcabbagencakencallv&ncamelncamerancampn&vcanmodalvCanadancancelvcandlencancerncandyncapncapitalncaptainncarncardncarev&ncarefulacarelessacarryvcatncatch(caught,caught)vcausen&vCDnCD-ROMn.ceilingncelebratevcentncentrencenturyncertainachairnchairman/womannchalknchancenchang

9、evchantn&vcheapacheatvcheckn&vcheern&vcheesenchemistrynchessnchestnchickennchild(pl.children)nChinanChinesea&nchocolatenchoicenchoose(chose,chosen)vchopsticksnChristmasnchurchncinemancirclen&vcitynclapv&nclassnclassmatenclassroomncleana&vclearacleveraclimbvclocknclonevclosev&aclothesncloudncloudyacl

10、ubncoachncoalncoastncoatncoffeencoinncokencolda&ncollectvcollegencolour(Amcolor)n&vcome(came,come)vcomfortableacommonacommunicatevcommunicationncompanyncomparevcompetitionncompletea&vcompositionncomputernconcertnconditionnconferencenconnectvconsidervcontinuevcontrolvconversationncookv&ncookerncoolac

11、opyn&vcornerncorrectv&acostv&ncottonn&acoughn&vcouldmodalvcountvcountryncountrysidencouplencouragencoursencousinncovern&vcowncrayonncrazyacreatevcrossv&ncruelacryn&vculturencupncut(cut,cut)v&nDdad(daddy)ndailya,ad&ndancev&ndangerndangerousadarev&auxvdarka&ndatendaughterndayndeadadeafadealvdearadeath

12、nDecemberndecidevdecisionndeepa&addegreendeliciousadentistndependvdescribevdeskndevelopvdevelopmentndialogue(Amdialog)ndiaryndictionaryndievdifferencendifferentaeacha&prondifficultaearndifficultynearlya&addig(dug,dug)vearthneastn,a&addinnerneasyadirecta&veat(ate,eaten)vdirectionnedgendirectorneducat

13、ionndirtyaeffortndiscoverveggndiscoveryneightnumdiscussveighteennumdiscussionneighthnumeightynumdiseaseneithera,conj&addishnelderadismissvelectricadisturbvelephantndividevelevennumdo(did,done)velseadoctornnn&vdogemptyadollnencouragevdollarnendn&vdoornenemyndoublea&nenergyndoubtn&vengineerndownad&pre

14、pEnglandndownstairsadEnglishn&adozennenjoyvdraw(drew,drawn)venougha&addrawernentervdream(-ed,-ed/dreamt,dreamt)v&nenvironmentndressn&veraserndrink(drank,drunk)v&nespeciallyaddrive(drove,driven)vEuropendrivern&ndropn&vEuropeanaevenaddrugndrumneveningndryv&aeveradduckneveryadumplingneverybodyprondurin

15、gprepeverydayadutyneveryonepronDVDneverythingproneverywhereadEexam=examinationnexaminevexamplenexcellentaexceptprepexcitevexcusen&vexercisev&nexpectvexpensiveaexperiencenexperimentnexplainvexpressveyenFfacen&vfactnfactorynfailvfairafall(fell,fallen)vfamilynfamousafannfantasticafar(farther,farthest/f

16、urther,furthest)a&adfarmnfarmernfasta&adfatafathernfavourite(Amfavorite)a&nfearnFebruarynfeed(fed,fed)vfeel(felt,felt)vfeelingnfestivalnfetchvfevernfewpron&afieldnfifthnumfiftynumfight(fought,fought)v&nfillvfilmnfinalafind(found,found)vfineafingernfinishvfirenfirstnum,a&adfishnfishermannfita&vfivenu

17、mfixvflagnflatnfloornflowernflunfly1(flew,flown)vfly2nfollowvfoodnfoot(pl.feet)nfootballnforprepforcevforeignaforeignernforestnforget(forgot,forgot)vforknformnfortynumforwardadfournumfourteennumfourthnumfoxnfreeafreeze(froze,frozen)vfreshaFridaynfridge(=refrigerator)nfriendnfriendlyafriendshipnfrogn

18、fromprepfronta&nfruitnfullafunnfunnyafurniturenfuturenGgamengardenngatengeneralagentlemanngeographyngesturenget(got,got)vgiftngiraffengirlngive(gave,given)vgladaglassnglovengo(went,gone)vgoatngodngoldn&agoldenagood(better,best)agoodbye(bye-bye)interjgoose(pl.geese)ngovernmentngradengrammarngrandchil

19、dngranddaughterngrandma=grandmotherngrandpa=grandfatherngrandparentngrandsonngrannyngrapengrassngreatagreena&ngreetingngroundngroupngrow(grew,grown)vguardnguessvguestnguitarngunngym=gymnasiumnHhabitnhairnhalfa&nhallnhamnhamburgernhandnhandbagnhandsomeahandwritingnhang(hung,hung)vhappenvhappyahardad&

20、ahardlyadhatnhatev&nhave(has,had,had)vhepronheadnheadachenhealthnhealthyahear(heard,heard)vheartnheatnheavennheavyaheightnhello(hi)interjhelpv&nhelpfulahennherpronhereadheronherselfpronhide(hid,hidden)vhighahillnhimpronhimselfpronhispronhistorynhit(hit,hit)vhobbynhold(held,held)vholenholidaynhomen&a

21、dhometownnhomeworknhonestahonour(Amhonor)n&vhopen&vhorsenhospitalnhotahotdognhotelnhournhousenhouseworknhowadhoweverad&conjhugeahumana&nhumorousahundrednumhungryahurryvhurt(hurt,hurt)vhusbandnIpronicenice-creamnideanifconjillaillnessnimaginevimmediatelyadimportantaimpossibleaimprovevinprepinchninclu

22、devincreasev&nIndianIndiana&nindustryninfluenceninformationninkninsideprepinsistvinsteadadinstructionnintentionninterestninterestingainternationalnInternetninterviewn&vintoprepintroducevintroductionninventvinventionninvitevironn&vislandnitprop.itspronitselfpronJjacketnJanuarynJapannJapanesen&ajeansn

23、jobnjoinvjoken&vjoynjuicenJulynjumpvJunenjusta&adKkeep(kept,kept)vkeynkeyboardnkickv&nkidnkillvkilo=kilogramnkilometrenkind1akind2nkingnkissn&vkitchennkitenkneenknife(pl.knives)nknockv&nknow(knew,known)vknowledgenLlab=laboratorynlabour(Amlabor)nladynlakenlambnlampnlandn&vlanguagenlargealasta&vlatea&

24、adlaughn&vlawnlay(laid,laid)vlazyalead(led,led)vleadernleaf(pl.leaves)nlearn(learnt,learnt)vleastnleave(left,left)vlefta&nlegnlemonadenlend(lent,lent)vlessonnlet(let,let)vletternlevelnlibrarynlicensenlie1(lay,lain)vlie2v&nlifenliftvlightn,v&alikev&preplinenlionnlistn&vlistenvlittlealitter(less,least

25、)v&nlivevlivelyalockn&vLondonnlonelyalongalookv&nlose(lost,lost)vlotnloudalovev&nlovelyalowa&adlucknluckyalunchnMmachinenmadamadam=madamenmagazinenmagicamailnmainamake(made,made)vman(pl.men)nmanagevmanagernmany(more,most)pron&amapnMarchnmarkn&vmarketnmarriagenmarryvmasterv&nmatchv&nmath(s)=mathemati

26、csnmaymodalvMaynmaybeadmepronmealnmean(meant,meant)vmeaningnmeatnmedicalamedicinenmeet(met,met)vmeetingnmembernmemorynmendvmentionn&vmessagenmenunmetaln&amethodnmetre(Ammeter)nmiddlenmightmodalvmilenmilknmindn&vminepronminutenmirrorn1missnmistake(mistook,mistaken)v&nmodelnmodernamom(Ammum)nmomentnMo

27、ndaynmoneynmonitornmonkeynmonthnmoonnmorea,ad&nmorningnmosta&admothernmotorcyclenmountainnmouse(pl.mice)nmouthnmovevmovienMr.(mister)nMrs.(mistress)nMs.nmuchamurdervmuseumnmusicnmustmodalvmypronmyselfpronNnamennationalanaturalanaturennearanearlyadnecessaryanecknneedmodalv,v&nneighbour(Amneighbor)nne

28、itheranervousaneveradnewanewsnnewspapernnexta&adniceanightnninenumnineteennumninetynumninthnumnoad&anobodyn&pronnodvnoisennonepronnoodlennoonnnorconjnormalanortha&nnorthernanosennotadnoten&vnotebooknnothingpronnoticen&vNovembernnowadnumbernnursenOOKadobjectnoceannOctobernofprepoffprep&adofferv&noffi

29、cenofficernoftenadoilnoldaonpreponcen,ad&conjonenum&prononeselfprononlyadopena&voperationnorconjorangea&norderv¬herpron&aourpronourselvespronoutadoutsiden,ad&prepoverprep&adovercoatnowna&vownernPP.C.=personalcomputernP.E.=physicaleducationnPacificn&apackagenpagenpaintnpairnpalacenpaleapancakenpan

30、danpapernpardonnparentnpark1npark2vpartnpartynpassvpassagenpassengernpassportnpastn,a&preppathnpatient1npatient2apay(paid,paid)vpeacenpearnpennpencenpencilnpennynpeoplenpercentnperfectaperhapsadperiodnpersonnpersonalapetnphone=telephonev&nphoto=photographnphysicsnpianonpickvpicnicnpicturenpienpiecen

31、pignpilotnping-pongnpinkn&apioneernpitynplacen&vplaina&nplann&vplanenplanetnplantv&nplasticn&aplatenplayvplaygroundnpleasantapleasevpleasurenplentynpocketnpoemnpointv&npolicenpoliceman(policewoman)npolicynpoliteapondnpoolnpoorapop=popularapopularapopulationnporknpositionnpossibleapostvpostcardnpostm

32、annpotatonpoundnpracticenpractise(Ampratice)vpraisen&vpreparevpresentnpresidentnprettyapreventvpricenpridenprimaryaprintvprisonnprisonernprivateaprizenprobablyadproblemnproducevprogramme(Amprogram)nprogressn&vpromisen&vpronouncevpronunciationnproperaprotectvproudaprovevprovidevpublica&npullv&npunish

33、vpupilnpurplea&npurposenpursenpushn&vput(put,put)vQquarternqueennquestionnquicka&adquietaquiteadRrabbitnracenradionrailwaynrainv&nraincoatnrainyaraisevrapidaratnratheradreachvread(read,read)vreadyarealarealise(Amrealize)vreallyadreasonnreceivevrecentarecitevrecordv&nrecordernreda&nrefusevregardvregr

34、etn&vrelationnrelaxvremainvremembervrepairn&vrepeatvreplyv&nreportn&vrequirevresearchnrestn&vrestaurantnresultnretellvreturnvreviewv&nricenricharide(rode,ridden)vriddlenrightnå(rang,rung)v&nrise(rose,risen)vrisknrivernroadnrobotnrocknrolenroomnropenrosenroundad,prep&arowvrubbernrubbishnrulen&vr

35、ulernrun(ran,run)vrushvRussianRussiann&aSsadasafea&nsafetynsailn&vsaladnsalensaltnsamen&asandnsandwichnsatisfyvSaturdaynsausagensavevsay(said,said)vscarfnschoolnschoolbagnsciencenscientistnscoren&vscreennseansearchn&vseasonnseatnsecondnum,a&nsecretnsecretarynsee(saw,seen)vseemvseldomadsell(sold,sold

36、)vsend(sent,sent)vsensensentencenseparatev&aSeptembernseriousaservantnservevservicenset(set,set)v&nsevennumseventeennumseventhnumseventynumseveralpron&ashake(shook,shaken)vshall(should)aux&vshamenshapen&vsharevshepronsheep(pl.sheep)nshelf（pl.shelves）n.shine(shone,shone)vshipnshirtnshoenshopnshortash

37、ortsnshouldmodalvshouldernshoutn&vshow(showed,shown)vshowernshut(shut,shut)vshyasickasidensightnsilencensilentasilknsillyasilvernsimilarasimpleasinceprep,conj&adsing(sang,sung)vsingleasirnsisternsit(sat,sat)vsituationnsixnumsixteennumsixthnumsixtynumsizenskatevskillnskirtnskynsleep(slept,slept)v&nsl

38、eepyaslowa&adsmallasmartasmell(-ed,-ed/smelt,smelt)n&vsmilen&vsmokev&nsmoothasnakensnowv&nsnowyasoad&conjsoapnsocialasocietynsocksnsofansoftasoldiernsolida&nsomea&pronsomebodypronsomeonepronsomethingpronsometimesadsomewhereadsonnsongnsoonadsorryasortv&nsoundv&nsoupnsourasouthn&asouthernaspacensparea

39、speak(spoke,spoken)vspeakernspecialaspeechnspeedn&vspell(-ed,-ed;spelt,spelt)vspend(spent,spent)v.spiritnspoonnsportnspread(spread,spread)vspringnsquarenstairsnstampnstand(stood,stood)vstandardn&astarnstartvstatenstationnstayn&vsteal(stole,stolen)vsteelnstepn&vstick(stuck,stuck)v&nstilladstomachnsto

40、nenstopn&vstoren&vstormnstorynstrangeastrangernstrawberrynstreamnstreetnstrictastrongastudentnstudyv&nstupidasubjectnsucceedvsuccessnsuccessfulasuchad,pron&asuddenasugarnsuggestvsuggestionnsummernsunnSundaynsunnyasupermarketnsuppernsupplyv&nsupposevsurea&adsurfacensurprisen&vsweaternsweep(swept,swep

41、t)vsweetn&aswim(swam,swum)vswimmingnswingnsymbolnTtablentabletennisntailntake(took,taken)vtalentalkvtallatapentaskntasten&vtaxinteanteach(taught,taught)vteachernteamntechnologyntelephonen&vtelevision=TVntell(told,told)vtemperaturentennumtenthnumtennisntentntermnterribleatestv&ntextnthanconjthankv&nt

42、hata,pron&conjtheart.theatre(Amtheatre)ntheirpronthempronthemselvespronthenadthereint,n&adtheseprontheypronthickathinathingnthink(thought,thought)vthirdnumthirstyathirteennumthirtynumthisa&pronthosea&pronthoughconjthoughtnthousandnumthreadnthreenumthroughprep&adthrow(threw,thrown)vThursdaynticketntidyatiev&ntigerntillconj&preptimentinyatiredatopreptodayad&ntogetheradtoil