（全国湖北专）《金新学案》高三英语一轮 高一 Units1316语法课件

1、语法专项提升动词时态和语态 时 态一般现在时(1)可表示客观真理、科学事实。The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.太阳从东方升起，从西方落下。(2)可用在由if，unless引导的条件状语从句，由even/if/though引导的让步状语从句，由when，before，until/till，as soon as，the moment引导的时间状语从句，由no matter what/who/when/where/how或whatever，whoever等引导的让步状语从句中，这时主句往往表将来或主句是祈使句。Ill go with you

2、 as soon as I finish it.我一做完，就与你一同去。Whatever you say，I will not change my mind.无论你说什么，我都不会改变主意。一般过去时表示“刚才，在过去”之意，暗示现在已“不再这样”。Your phone number again？I didnt quite catch it.再重述一下你的电话号码好吗？我没记下来。Its 9568686.是9568686。一般将来时(1)“will动词原形”表示事物的固有属性与必然趋势。Fish will die without water.离开水，鱼就会死。(2)“be going to动词

3、原形”可表示根据迹象对未来进行推断。Look at the dark clouds.It is going to rain.看那乌云，要下雨了。(3)“be about to动词原形”表示立即的将来，很少与时间状语连用。The train is about to start.火车就要开了。(4)位移动词如come，go，arrive等，其一般现在时表按时间表将要发生的事，现在进行时可表计划、安排要做的事。I arrive in Beijing at 300 pm.tomorrow.明天下午三点我会到达北京。He is coming.他将要来。They are leaving for Tibet

4、.他们将要去西藏。(5)be to 动词原形表示计划，安排。When are you to leave for New York?你计划什么时候去纽约？表示指令，相当于should。You are to report it to the police.你应该把这事报告给警察。表示“打算，想要”。If we are to be there before ten，well have to go now.若我们想在十点前到，我们现在就得走。现在/过去进行时(1)表示现在或当时发展中的或正在进行的情况。I first met Lisa three years ago；she was working a

5、t a shop then.我第一次遇见莉莎是在3年前，那时她正在一家商店工作。Hey，look where you are going!嘿，看看你往哪儿走！Oh，Im terribly sorry.I wasnt noticing.噢！非常抱歉！我没注意。(2)表示反复出现的或习惯性动作，往往含有赞赏、厌恶、遗憾等情感，常与always，continually，constantly连用。He is always thinking of others first.(表赞赏)他总是先为别人着想。He is always making the same mistake.(表厌烦)他总是犯同样的错误

6、。(3)表示动作的未完性、暂时性。I dont really work here；I am just helping out until the new secretary arrives.我不是在此工作，我只是在帮忙，新秘书来了我就走。(暂时性)Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology is changing so rapidly.选手机供个人使用不是一件容易事因为技术变化太快。(“变化”尚未完成)(4)表示按计划、安排要做的事。Ive won a holiday for two

7、days to Florida.I am taking my mum.我获得了一次去佛罗里达度两天假的机会。我计划带着我妈妈去。(计划)(5)表示现在或当时发展中的或正在进行的情况。Is this raincoat yours?这是你的雨衣吗？No，mine is hanging there behind the door.不是，我的在门后挂着呢。现在完成时(1)在条件、时间、让步状语从句中，表示将来某时以前已完成的动作。I will not believe you unless I have seen it with my own eyes.除非我亲眼看到，我是不会相信你的。Please d

8、ont get off the bus until it has stopped.车未停，请不要下车。(2)It/This is/will be the first(last，second，third.)time that.和It/This is the best(worst，most interesting)n.that.结构的从句要求用现在完成时。This is the first time that Ive heard her sing.这是我第一次听她唱歌。Its the best film Ive ever seen.这是我所看过的最好的一部电影。过去完成时(1)Hardly/Sca

9、rcely/Barely had.done.when；No sooner had.done.than.中从句用一般过去时。Hardly had I got home when the rain poured down.我刚到家，天就下起了倾盆大雨。No sooner had we started than the car got a flat tyre.我们刚出发，轮胎就爆了。(2)表示愿望、打算类的词，如hope，expect，mean，intend，want，think等，用过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的愿望或意图。I had meant to help you，but I was too

10、busy at the moment.我本打算帮助你，但当时我太忙了。现在完成进行时(1)表示一个从过去某时开始发生，一直延续到现在并可能延续下去的动作。Ive been waiting for an hour but she still hasnt come.我已等了一个小时，但她还没有来。(2)表示动作刚刚结束(有时指出结果)。My clothes are wet.Ive been walking in the rain.我的衣服湿了，我一直走在雨中。(3)表示重复(指断断续续，而非一直不停)。She has been phoning Jim every night for the pas

11、t two weeks.两个星期以来她每天晚上都给吉姆打电话。语态被动语态使用要点不及物动词不能用于被动语态如appear，rise，die，happen，belong to，break out，take place等。Great changes have been taken place in my hometown.(误)Great changes have taken place in my hometown.(正)我们家乡发生了巨大的变化。表示状态的动词不用于被动语态如lack，fit，mean，hold，have，cost，contain，become，last，possess，co

12、nsist of，look like等。The book costs 10 yuan.这本书花了10元钱。Whats become of her？她怎么了？主动形式表被动的几种情况(1)某些感官动词和系动词后加形容词可以表示被动意义，如look，smell，taste，feel，prove，wear，sound等。The flower smells sweet.花闻起来很香。The dish tastes delicious.菜吃起来非常可口。(2)在主语是物的句子里，有些动词的主动形式可以表示被动意义，这些词后常有副词修饰。常用的这类动词有sell，read，write，wear，wash，

13、open，clean，cook，keep，cut，fill，blow，measure，lock，run，record，begin，shut等。This type of recorder sells well.这种型号的录音机销路很好。He doesnt photograph well.他不太上相。This kind of shirt cleans easily.这种衬衫容易洗干净。(3)动名词主动形式表示被动意义通常是事物(也可以是人)作want，need require等动词的主语时，表示事物(或人)客观上“需要”，用动名词一般式的主动形式作宾语表示被动意义。若动名词是不及物的，后面还应有相

14、应的介词。The children need looking after.孩子们需要照看。这种用法还可把动名词改为动词不定式的被动形式来表被动。The children need to be looked after.(4)在作表语的某些形容词(easy，difficult，light，heavy，fit，good，safe，comfortable，dangerous，pleasant等)后作状语用的不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。She is easy to approach.她平易近人。The rock is hard to break.这块岩石很难打碎。不定式符号to在被动语态中不可省略在

15、主动语态中，如果感官动词和使役动词后的宾语补足语是动词，这个动词前往往不用to，但在被动语态中要带to。I saw her pass by the window.我看见她从窗边经过。She was seen to pass by the window.她被看见从窗边经过。get (got)过去分词也可构成被动语态get常同marry，beat，break，damage，tear，strike，hurt，paint，invite，repair，dress等动词的过去分词连用，构成被动语态。John and Jane got married last month.上个月，约翰和简结婚了。They

16、got caught in the storm.他们碰上暴风雨了。1. (2007年湖北卷) Last night，John was answering the letters that_(寄给他的) during the past two weeks.(arrive)【答案】had arrived for him 2. (2008年湖北卷)At present lots of food，water，tents，and medicine_(正在运往) from all over China and other parts of the world to the earthquakestrick

17、en area.(transport)【答案】are being transported 3. (2008年湖北卷) Seldom_(他们玩) video games ever since they entered college.(play)【答案】have they played4(2009年湖北卷)During his last lecture，the scientist _(觉得) easier to explain the theory to those with some background knowledge.(find)【答案】found it (was)5(2009年湖北卷

18、) If times_(变了)，have our ways of thinking changed too？(change)【答案】have changed1He will have learned English for eight years by the time he_ _ _ _(大学毕业) next year.(gradute)【答案】graduates from the university2So far，Hope Project_ _(阻止) thousands of students in the rural areas of western and central Chin

19、a from dropping out of school.(prevent)【答案】has prevented3No sooner_ _ _ _(我坐下来) than the phone rang.(sit)【答案】had I sat down4The lawyer_ _ _ _(与订婚) my Chinese teacher for ten years.(engage)【答案】has been engaged to 5Hi，Jim，I_ _ _ _ _(没想到你会来) today.John said you were ill.(think)Oh，yes.But I feel better

20、today.【答案】didnt think (that) you would come6Three fifths of the workers in our factory_ _ _(已经受过训练) in that technical and engineering school.(train)【答案】have been trained7We_ _ _ _(在上网) when there was a power cut.(surf)【答案】were surfing the Internet8John couldnt stay in the house，which_ _ _(在粉刷)(paint

21、)【答案】was being painted9Some new equipment，as well as some new technologies from Germany，_ _ _ _(正用于) the production process.(apply)【答案】is being applying to10I was still sleeping_ _ _ _ _(火灾发生了)，and then it spread quickly.(break)【答案】when the (a) fire broke out9、静夜四无邻，荒居旧业贫。2022/10/132022/10/13Thursda

22、y, October 13, 202210、雨中黄叶树，灯下白头人。2022/10/132022/10/132022/10/1310/13/2022 11:06:54 PM11、以我独沈久，愧君相见频。2022/10/132022/10/132022/10/13Oct-2213-Oct-2212、故人江海别，几度隔山川。2022/10/132022/10/132022/10/13Thursday, October 13, 202213、乍见翻疑梦，相悲各问年。2022/10/132022/10/132022/10/132022/10/1310/13/202214、他乡生白发，旧国见青山。13

23、十月 20222022/10/132022/10/132022/10/1315、比不了得就不比，得不到的就不要。十月 222022/10/132022/10/132022/10/1310/13/202216、行动出成果，工作出财富。2022/10/132022/10/1313 October 202217、做前，能够环视四周；做时，你只能或者最好沿着以脚为起点的射线向前。2022/10/132022/10/132022/10/132022/10/139、没有失败，只有暂时停止成功！。2022/10/132022/10/13Thursday, October 13, 202210、很多事情努力了

24、未必有结果，但是不努力却什么改变也没有。2022/10/132022/10/132022/10/1310/13/2022 11:06:54 PM11、成功就是日复一日那一点点小小努力的积累。2022/10/132022/10/132022/10/13Oct-2213-Oct-2212、世间成事，不求其绝对圆满，留一份不足，可得无限完美。2022/10/132022/10/132022/10/13Thursday, October 13, 202213、不知香积寺，数里入云峰。2022/10/132022/10/132022/10/132022/10/1310/13/202214、意志坚强的人能把世界放在手中像泥块一样任意揉捏。13 十月 20222022/10/132022/10/132022/10/1315、楚塞三湘接，荆门九派通。十月 222022/10/132022/10/132022/10/1310/13/202216、少年十五二十时，步行夺得胡马骑。2022/10/132022/10/1313 October 202217、空山新雨后，天气