2022-2023学年江苏省南京高考临考冲刺英语试卷含解析

1、2022-2023学年高考英语模拟试卷考生请注意：1答题前请将考场、试室号、座位号、考生号、姓名写在试卷密封线内，不得在试卷上作任何标记。2第一部分选择题每小题选出答案后，需将答案写在试卷指定的括号内，第二部分非选择题答案写在试卷题目指定的位置上。3考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1The car accident happened _ his car was out of order _ I cant drive.Anot that; but thatBnot only; but alsoCnot beca

2、use; but becauseDnot because; but as2Many thought that after starring in the immensely popular drama, Nirvana in Fire, Hu Ge would _ and actively seek new roles.Amake a mountain out of a molehillBhave too many irons in the fireCstrike while the iron is hotDDput the cart before the horse3Kevin, time

3、for the next destination!No hurry! Another 15 minutes and we _ all the exhibition rooms of the museum.Aam exploring Bhave exploredCwill explore Dwill have explored4The bus dropped me off and pulled away _I realized I had left my bag on it.Awhile BbeforeCafter Dsince5Its really great to have a comput

4、er to store my photos.Dont count on it too much. It _ break down and youd better make a copy of them.AmustBcanCshouldDwill6Tom looked at Jenny, with tears _ his eyes, and shouted out the words _ in his heart for years.Afilling; having been hidden Bfilled; hiddenCfilling; hidden Dfilled; hiding7In th

5、e US, there are currently over 5,000 community schools _, in addition to serving as educational institutions, function as community centers for the surrounding neighborhood.AwhichBwhereCwhoseDas8Its impossible for all the people to get jobs because _of them is not fit for them.Aevery oneBallCnot all

6、Dnone9After the argument Colin ran away and_since.AIsnt heard ofBwasnt heard ofChasnt been heard ofDhadnt been heard of10He was forced to spend another night at the airport _ for his plane.Awaiting Bbeing waited Cwaited Dto be waited11There is a popular view_in city strangers are less likely to help

7、 an elderly person.AthatBwhetherCwhyDhow12His children were his pride, and being a devoted father became a top _ in his life.AcapacityBanxietyCpriorityDopportunity13John, _ money was now no problem, started a new company with his friends.Afor whoseBof whoseCof whomDfor whom14_ progress it is, you ca

8、nt stop moving forward.AWhatever great BHowever greatCNo matter how great DHow great a15Jenny nearly missed the flight _doing too much shopping.Aas a result ofBon top ofCin front ofDin need of16According to the bank rules released recently, you have to pay a 25% _ on each cheque you cash.AadmissionB

9、pensionCallowanceDcommission17At school, it is essential that every child _ equally regardless of family background. Atreating Btreated Cbe treated Dis treated18When the admission letter from Harvard University arrived, Bens parents were and threw a big party.Ain the red Btickled pinkCas white as a

10、sheet Din a blue mood19Last year I applied to Princeton UniversityI _ they would say yesbut they did, and now here I amAnever thinkBam never thinkingChave never thoughtDnever thought20The little girl _ a foreign language fairly quickly.Apicked upBgot upCstepped upDmade up第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给

11、的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6分）How Did the Ancient Chinese Keep Food Warm in Winter?Facilities like electric rice cookers, microwaves, and electric kettles, make it easy for people to keep food warm and enjoy a comfortable winter. So how did Chinese people in ancient times keep food warm in winter witho

12、ut these? In fact, ancient Chinese people used their own methods of heat preservation as early as the Shang and Zhou Dynasties. “Wen Ding”, ancient rice cookerOne of the major functions of an electric rice cooker is to keep food warm. The “Wen Ding”, an ancient cooking container, served the same pur

13、pose, but instead of using electric energy, the ancient cooking container preserved heat by burning fuels like charcoal.The “Wen Ding” unearthed in Nanjing in 1989 is thought to be the oldest of its kind discovered in China, dating back to the Stone Age. The craftsmanship of making the “Wen Ding” wa

14、s developed in the Bronze Age. The bronze Ding from the Shang and Zhou Dynasties took on different shapes and structures. “Ran Lu”, ancient small hot potThe “Ran Lu” is a small size cooking vessel (器皿) made of bronze, which can be divided into three parts. A charcoal stove forms the main structure,

15、with a bottom tray to hold charcoal ashes, and a movable cup at the top. Some experts have concluded that the vessels structure suggests it may have been used as a small hot pot and that these vessels became popular in the Warring States Period (475221 BC). Bronze You, ancient kettleThe Bronze You w

16、as one of the most common wine containers during the Shang and Zhou Dynasties. The Bronze You can also be used to warm wine. For example, the Bronze You with beast mask design, unearthed in Jiangxi Province, has an opening where charcoal could be placed. Just as people today cant do without an elect

17、ric kettle, the Bronze You allowed people to enjoy a hot drink. Bronze Yan, ancient steamerAlthough the “Wen Ding” was effective at keeping food warm, the ancient Chinese people later found that its burning process produced pollution. As a result, the Bronze Yan made with a two-tier structure and us

18、ed to steam rice and other grains. After the Eastern Han Dynasty (25AD-220AD), further improvements to the Bronze Yan led to the modern-day steamer.1、When did the “Ran Lu” become popular?AIn the Zhou Dynasty. BIn the Eastern Han Dynasty.CIn the Warring States Period. DIn the Stone Age.2、The Bronze Y

19、ou, unearthed in Jiangxi Province, has an opening to _.Aplace charcoal Bstore wineCpour water Dhold charcoal ashes3、What is the unique advantage of the Bronze Yan?AIt is warm. BIt is convenient.CIt is useful. DIt is environment-friendly.22（8分）The days of having to carry a phone charger everywhere co

20、uld soon be over. Michigan researchers have revealed a major breakthrough in harvesting energy from human motion. They say it could lead to smartphones powered for a week by the motion of a swipe(重击).Michigan State Universitys low-cost device, known as a nanogenerator, has already been tested. Scien

21、tists successfully operated an LCD touch screen, a bank of 20 LED lights and a flexible keyboard, all with a simple touching or pressing motion and without the aid of a battery. The groundbreaking findings, published in the journal Nano Energy, suggest “Were on the path toward wearable devices power

22、ed by human motion,” said Nelson Sepulveda, associate professor of electrical and computer engineering and lead researcher of the project.“What I foresee, relatively soon, is the capability of not having to charge your cell phone for an entire week, for example, because that energy will be produced

23、by your movement,” said Sepulveda, whose research is funded by the National Science Foundation.Electrical energy is created when the device is compressed by human motion. The completed device is as thin as a sheet of paper. The device used to power the LED lights was palm-sized, while the device use

24、d to power the touch screen was as small as a finger. Advantages such as being lightweight, flexible and low-cost could make it a promising and alternative method in the field of Mechanical-energy harvesting.The device also becomes more powerful when folded. Sepulveda said, “You can start with a lar

25、ge device, but when you fold it once, and again, and again, its much smaller and has more energy. Now it may be small enough to put in a specially made heel of your shoe so it creates power each time your heel strikes the ground.”Sepulveda and his team are also developing technology that would trans

26、mit the power generated by the heel strike to, say, a wireless headset.1、Who is Nelson Sepulveda?AThe major researcher in the project. BA professor of engineering.CThe fund supplier of the research. DA journalist writing for Nano Energy.2、The underlined word device in the 2nd paragraph is closest in

27、 meaning to _.Akeyboard Bsmartphone Cscreen Dmachine3、From the passage we know that the nanogenerator _.Abecomes more powerful when kept flatBhas already come into market in the USACis lightweight and flexible though expensiveDmakes it possible to produce power by walking4、The purpose of the passage

28、 is to _.Apersuade people to buy the device Bbring in a new way to save energyCintroduce a breakthrough in science Dhonor Nelson Sepulveda for his contributions23（8分） Mandara seemed to know something big was about to happen. So she let out a yell, caught hold of her 2-year-old daughter Kibibi and cl

29、imbed up into a tree. She lives at the National Zoo in Washington DC.And on Tuesday, August 23rd, witnesses said she seemed to sense the big earthquake that shook much of the East Coast before any humans knew what was going on. And shes not the only one. In the moments before the quake, an orangutan

30、 (猩猩) let out a loud call and then climbed to the top of her shelter.“Its very different from their normal call,” said Brandie Smith, the zookeeper. “The lemurs (monkey like animals of Madagascar) will sound an alarm if they see or hear something highly unusual.”But you cant see or hear an earthquak

31、e 15 minutes before it happens, can you? Maybe you canif youre an animal.“Animals can hear above and below our range of hearing,” said Brandie Smith. “Thats part of their special abilities. Theyre more sensitive to the environment, which is how they survive.”Primates werent the only animals that see

32、med to sense the quake before it happened. One of the elephants made a warning sound and a huge lizard (蜥蜴) ran quickly for cover. The flamingoes (a kind of birds) gathered before the quake and stayed together until the shaking stopped.So what kind of vibrations (震动) were the animals picking up in t

33、he moments before the quake? Scientist Susan Hough said earthquakes produce two types of wavesa weak “P” wave and then a much stronger “S” wave. The “P” stands for “primary”. And the “S” stands for “secondary”. She thinks the “P” wave might be what sets the animals off.Not all the animals behaved un

34、usually before the quake. For example, Smith said the zoos giant pandas didnt jump up until the shaking actually began. But many of the other animals seemed to know something was coming before it happened. “Im not surprised at all,” Smith said.1、Why did Mandara act strangely one day?ABecause it sens

35、ed something unusual would happen.BBecause its daughter Kibibi was injured.CBecause it heard an orangutan let out a loud call.DBecause an earthquake had happened.2、According to Brandie Smith,_.Amany animals hearing is sharpBearthquakes produce two types of wavesCprimates usually gather together befo

36、re a quakeDhumans can also develop the ability to sense a quake3、Which animal seems unable to sense quake?AA giant panda.BA flamingo.CA lemur.DA lizard.4、What is the best title for the passage?AHow animals survive a quakeBHow animals differ from humansCHow animals behave before a quakeDHow animals p

37、rotect their young in a quake24（8分） A new study suggests climate conditions in the Sahara Desert, one of hottest, driest and most deserted areas in the world, have changed from wet to dry a about every 20,000 years.But previous evidence has suggested the Sahara did not always experience such extreme

38、 heat and dry conditions. At times, the Sahara Ranged to a very wet climate. This permitted plants and animals to develop and grow and led to the creation of human settlements. Now, they have discovered more evidence, which, the lead researcher David Mc Gee says, supports the idea that the Saharas c

39、limate kept changing between wet and dry about every 20,000,years.McGee reported these climate changes were mainly driven by changes in the Earths(地轴)as the planet travels round the sun .This process affects the amount of sunlight between seasons. Every 20,000 years the Earth receives more strong su

40、mmer sunlight. When the Earths axis changes again, the amount of sunlight is reduced. This season change happened continuously every 20,000 years. The other part of the season produced rainy conditions, resulting in a wetter, greener, plant-rich environment. When the rainy activity weakens, the clim

41、ate becomes hot and dry, like the Sahara remains today.The scientists based their research on dust collected from ocean sediment(沉积物)in the Atlantic Ocean bottom off the coast of West Africa. The dust contained layers (层)of ancient sediment built up over millions of years. Each layer could contain t

42、races of Saharan dust as well as the remains of life forms. This information was used to assess over what time period the dust had built up. This led to the overall finding that the Saharan changes from wet to dry climates happened every 20,000 years.David McGee said that today we only see the Sahar

43、a Desert as an extremely deserted and “inhospitable” place. The new study suggests that the areas climate has changes between grasslands and a much wetter environment, and back to dry climates, even over the last quarter million years. McGee says he thinks the latest research can be valuable in stud

44、ying the Saharas history as it relates to human settlement.1、What does the new study find about the Sahara Desert?AIt is one of the hottest, driest and most deserted areas in Africa.BIt always experiences extreme conditions because of its position.CIts climate changes between wet and dry about every

45、 20,000 years.DIts environmental conditions stop plants and animals from surviving.2、What is the direct reason for Saharas climate changes?ARainy activity.BSolar radiation.CHuman activity.DGlobal environment.3、How did the researchers acquire the evidence?ABy analyzing ocean life.BBy studying Saharas

46、 history.CBy collecting dust on the coast.DBy examining mean sediment.4、What does the underlined word “inhospitable” probably mean?AUnsuitable to live.BInsignificant lo study.CUnable to explore.DImpossible to change.25（10分） When youre a junior in high school, three little letters quickly become larg

47、er than life: SAT.At the start of my junior year, I realized that the environment was packed with competition. Surprisingly, this pressure didnt come from adults. It came from the other students. Everyone in my grade had college on the brain. To get into the college of our choice, we all believed, w

48、e had to outcompete and outscore everyone else with less sleep, because time for sleeping was time you didnt spend studying for the SAT.I let myself get swept up in the pressure. My new motto was, if I wasnt in every single honor level class, I wasnt doing enough. I was bad-tempered and I couldnt fo

49、cus. I stopped talking to my friends and my mom, and I couldnt figure out who I was. I didnt have the confidence to know that my own passions and unique skills were what would make me stand out to colleges.Thats when I realized: I am not my SAT score. Trying to stick to what I thought colleges wante

50、d masked who I really am. I decided to rely on my strengths and get away from the crazy pressure I was putting on myself.Instead of forcing myself into higher levels of math, I took on an extra history class. I learned how to love what I was doing and not what I thought I was supposed to do. I learn

51、ed to shine as an individual, not a faceless member of the crowd. And I found that not only was this better for my happiness, but it also made me more effective and efficient when I studied.To me, individuality means having the confidence to decide who I am and who I want to be, and a number on a pa

52、ge is never going to change that. I am more sure of myself, and more ready to apply for college, than ever.1、At the start of the junior year, the author decided to study for the SAT _.Ato overcome the pressure from other high school studentsBto test how good she was at studying compared to othersCbe

53、cause it was exciting to compete with others to get into collegeDbecause she was eager to get an advantage over others in the competition2、When did the author realize she shouldnt just compete for scores?AWhen she got in every single honor level class.BWhen everybody stopped talking to her.CWhen she

54、 found she was no longer her usual self.DWhen she forced herself to take advanced maths.3、What can you infer from Paragraph 5?AShe tried to live as who she was, not just a student focusing on grades.BShe learned to team up with others and so gained efficiency.CShe managed to do well in both maths an

55、d history classes.DShe wanted to be number one and no one could change her mind.4、Which statement best expresses the main idea of the passage?APressure brings out the best in you.BYou will stand out by being your best self.CThings will happen whether you like it or not.DLife is just a matter of deci

56、sive times.第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项26（30分）I met my best friend Jayce when we were 11 years old.I was adopted and 1 by my grandparents and was new to the city.We immediately knew we were best 2 in 6th grade and we spent every single 3 together:play

57、ing dress up,going to school dances,doing gymnastics,the normal things 4 you are that age.When I was 16 years old,my family was put in a 5 situation.My grandfather got into the habit of 6 drugs.We lost everything;we lost our house,our car,everything.My grandmother 7 me to be able to make the choice

58、of where I would 8 to live.She told me,“Krisi,I love you.Now you can come with me or you can 9 in an orphanage.” 10 I knew it,Jayce invited me to live with her and her family.I was able to finish high school and continue my 11 at our local university.It was a dream that 12 and the kindest thing I ha

59、ve 13 experienced.Not only did I get to spend every day with my best friend but I got to know what family truely 14 .I have never met more loving and 15 people.I was like one of their own.I felt a sense of 16 .What her mother and father did has 17 me to this day.They taught me about life,what to do

60、and what not to do,very special 18 that I always treasure.They saved my life!I am 19 every single day for her and her family!I am truly 20 with the company of a friend like Jayce in my life.1、Acalmed down Bcheered up Cwatched over Dbrought up2、Astudents Bfriends Cneighbours Dactresses3、Acoin Bclass