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住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国传媒大学考试名师押题精选卷I(带答案详解)(图片可根据实际调整大小)题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.单选题

Themultinationalcorporationwasmakingatake-over()forapropertycompany.

问题1选项

A.application

B.bid

C.proposal

D.suggestion

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。application“应用,申请”;bid“出价,投标”;proposal“提议,建议,求婚”;suggestion“建议,暗示”。makeabidfor“竞拍,投标”,因此选项B符合题意。句意:这家跨国公司正在为接管一家房地产公司而竞标。

2.单选题

Theyarelookingforsomewayto()theirappetite.

问题1选项

A.satiate

B.apply

C.strengthen

D.sustain

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项satiate“充分满足;使厌腻”;B选项apply“申请;涂,敷;适用”;C选项strengthen“加强;巩固”;D选项sustain“维持;支撑,承担”。句意:他们正在寻找填饱肚子的方法。此题选A,可以把“satiateappetite”理解为“填饱肚子”。

3.单选题

ProfessorSmithandBrownwill()ingivingtheclasslectures.

问题1选项

A.differ

B.alternate

C.change

D.alter

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。differ“与……不同”;alternate“交流,轮流,交替发生”;change“改变”;alter“改变,更改,修改”。句意:史密斯教授和布朗教授轮流上课。选项B符合题意。

4.单选题

Thisunfortunateincidentmay()theprogressofthepeacetalks.

问题1选项

A.stalk

B.hinder

C.promote

D.reinforce

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项stalk“追踪,潜近”;B选项hinder“阻碍;打扰”;C选项promote“促进;提升”;D选项reinforce“加强,加固”。句意:这一不幸事件可能会阻碍和平谈判的进程。此处应填入一个动词,宾语是“和平谈判的进程”。因此B项符合句意。

5.单选题

Thethievesfledwiththelocalpolicecloseontheir().

问题1选项

A.backs

B.necks

C.toes

D.heels

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。onone’sheels是固定短语,意思是“紧随其后”。选项D符合题意。句意:小偷到处逃窜,当地警察穷追不舍。

6.单选题

Mysupplyofconfidenceslowly()asthedeadlineapproached.

问题1选项

A.abolished

B.eliminated

C.diminished

D.exterminated

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。abolish“废除”;eliminate“消除,排除”;diminish“减少,缩小”;exterminate“消除;根除”。主语是confidence“信心”,与之搭配的动词是diminish,因此选项C符合题意。

7.单选题

Itissuggestedthatallgovernmentministersshould()informationontheirfinancialinterests.

问题1选项

A.discover

B.uncover

C.tell

D.disclose

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。discover“发现,探索”;uncover“发现;揭示”;tell“告诉;说;辨别”;disclose“公开,揭露”。句意:政府部长被建议公开揭露他们的经济利益。选项D符合题意。

8.单选题

Iaskedthecounselortogivemea()estimateofthefeeofdefendingmycaseincourt.

问题1选项

A.rude

B.crude

C.rough

D.coarse

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项rude表示“粗鲁的;无礼的,未开化的”,B选项crude表示“粗糙的,天然的,未加工的”,C选项rough表示“粗糙的,粗略的,艰苦的,未加工的”,D选项coarse表示“粗鄙的;粗糙的”。根据关键词estimate可知,我让律师对我的案件上庭辩护所需费用进行粗略估算。因此,只有C项最符合原文语境,故本题正确答案为C选项。

9.单选题

Youcanclaima()onyourtax.

问题1选项

A.rebate

B.debate

C.abate

D.libate

【答案】A

【解析】考查形近词辨析。A选项rebate“退还款;折扣;返还部分”;B选项debate“辩论;(正式的)讨论”;C选项abate“减轻;减少”;D选项libate“喝酒。句意:你可以要求退回部分税款。此处应填入一个名词,故排除C项和D项,只有A项符合句意,故选A。

10.单选题

Journalistsusuallyrefertowhattheywriteasstories.Notarticlesorreports,occasionallypieces,butstories.Thisdoesnotapplyonlytoreportersbuttoeverybodyintheeditorialchain,fromdeskeditors,copyeditors,specialistandsportswriterstotheeditorhimorherself.Wordspublishedinnewspapers,onairoronlinearestories.

Storiessoundinteresting;reportssounddull.Tosome,storiesmeanfiction:"Tellmeastory,mummy”.Storiesaretallandshort,madeupandtrue.Truestoriesareaboutwhathappened.Wetellstoriesinconversation,recountingexperiencesandeventsinwhichwetookpartorobserve.Thecrucialthingaboutastoryisthatotherpeoplewanttohearit,becauseitisinterestingorentertaining.Otherwisethestorytellerisabore.

Sojournalistswritestoriesfortheirreaderstotellthemwhatisgoingon,toinformthem,engagethem,entertainthem,shockthem,amusethem,disturbthem,upliftthem.Thesubjectmatterwillvaryaccordingtothenatureofthepublicationandtheintendedaudience.Thegoodnewspapereditorwillhaveaclearideaofthesortofpeoplewhoarereadingit,andcatertotheirinterestsandpreoccupations,sometimestheirprejudices.Andthepaperwillincludethatvitalingredientserendipity-thestoryyoudidn’texpect,the"justfancythat",theabsurditiesaswellasthetravailsofthehumancondition.

Journalismisbasicallyasimplegame.Itisaboutfindingthingsoutandtellingotherpeopleaboutthem.Thefindingoutrequiresavarietyofskillsbecausethoseinpoweroftenpreferthatweknowonlysomuch.Journalismisaboutholdingsuchpeopletoaccount,exposingtheirhumbugandhypocrisy,theabuseoftheirpower.Thisincludesthecontrolitgivesthemovertheflowofinformation,theabilitytoburythebadnews,tospinandobfuscate.Goodjournalistsmustasktheawkwardquestionsandquestiontheanswers,mustdigtounearthandthenexplain,makingcomprehensiblethatwhichauthority,byintentorverbalinadequacy,hasleftconfused,incompleteorplainmendacious.Incomprehensiblejournalismisquitesimplybadjournalism,andthereforepointless.

Ultimatelythereisonlyonepurpose:tomakethereaderreadthestory.Iftheydon't,whatwasthepointoffindingitoutandtellingit?Thisbookletpicksupthestorywhenthereaderhasreachedthestageofdecidingtoaddressthestory.Thatisnotthesameasreadingit,orevenreadingacertainamountofit.Theyhavejustreachedthefirstword,perhapsattractedbythepicture,theextractedquote,oranyoftheotherpresentationaldevicesusedtodragthereadertothestory.Wehavereachedthestagewherethereaderisgoingtosubjectthestorytothefinaltest,readingsomeorallofin.Thisisaboutwriting.

Newspaperreadingisdifferentfromreadingabook.Itisselective,doesnotinvolvecommitmenttothewhole.Relativelylittletimeisspentreadingadailynewspaper.Thenewspaperreader,unlikethereaderofthemoreliterarynovel,doesnotexpecttoinvesteffortintheendeavour.Heorshewillnotreadasentenceorparagraphasecondtimetobeclearaboutwhatisbeingsaid.Confusion,moreoftenthannot,willmeanabandoningthestoryaltogetherandmovingon.Manynewspaperreadersskim,sampleorgetaflavourofastoryratherthanreadingitthrough.

Sojournalisticwritingisdifferentfromcreativewriting.Manyyoungpeoplethinktheywouldliketobejournalistsbecausetheyhave"alwayslovedwriting”orstartedwritingpoemswhentheywereeight.Itiscertainlynotenoughandmaywellbeabarriertosuccessinjournalism.ThelateNicholasTomalinfamouslywrotethat"theonlyqualitiesessentialforrealsuccessinjournalismarerat-likecunning,aplausiblemanner,andalittleliteraryability."Heincludedwriting,butheplaceditthirdandprefaceditwithadiminutive.Thewritingmatters;butdon'tthinkofitasart.Thinkofitasworkingwriting,writingdoingajob,writingthatputsacrossinformationinawaythatmakesreaderswanttoabsorbit.

Atatimewhenthevastmajorityofentrantstojournalismhavedegrees—welcomebecausejournalisminacomplexworldisanintellectualpursuititisworthpointingoutthatwritingfornewspapersisalsoverydifferentfromtheacademicwritingofstudentessays.Notimetoproducearoutemapfortheessayandreachthepointsomewhereneartheend;thejournalistmustgrabtheattentionatonce.

Itisdifficulttowritesimplyandengagingly,sothatreaderswillkeepreading;toexplainsothatallthereadersunderstand,andwantto.Thisisthetaskthewritingjournalisthas.

1.Whichofthefollowingismostlyusedbyjournaliststodescribethepiecestheywrite?

2.Whatshouldagoodnewspapereditordoaccordingtothetext?

3.ThequoteofNicholasTomalinisusedtoexpressthat()

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTadifferencebetweennewspaperreadingandbookreading?

5.Whatisthefinalpurposeforjournalisticwritingaccordingtothetext?

问题1选项

A.Reports.

B.Stories.

C.Articles.

D.Pieces.

问题2选项

A.Findthingsoutandtellreadersaboutthem.

B.Grabtheattentionatonce.

C.Catertoreaders’interestsandpreoccupations.

D.Controltheflowofinformation.

问题3选项

A.Journalisticwritingisdifferentfromwritingasanart.

B.Itisdifficulttowritesimplyandengaginglyforreaderstokeepreading.

C.Newspaperreadingisdifferentfromreadingabook.

D.Journalismisbasicallyasimplegame.

问题4选项

A.Contentsareselectedinnewspapers.

B.Lesstimeisspentreadinganewspaper.

C.Newspaperreadersareexpectedtoinvesteffortintheendeavour.

D.Newspaperreadersgetaflavourofastoryratherthanreadingitthrough.

问题5选项

A.Makingreadersspendmoretimereadinganewspaper.

B.Connectingreaderswithgovernments.

C.Makingreadersreadthestory.

D.Explaininginawaysothatallthereadersunderstand.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】第1题:1.事实细节题。第一段指出“Notarticlesorreports,occasionallypieces,butstories”,不是文章或报告,偶尔的作品是故事。由此可知B项“故事”正确。

第2题:2.事实细节题。根据题干关键词定位至第三段“Thegoodnewspapereditorwillhaveaclearideaofthesortofpeoplewhoarereadingit,andcatertotheirinterestsandpreoccupations,sometimestheirprejudices”,一位好的报纸编辑要有明确的概念,即:什么样的人会读报纸,要迎合读者的兴趣,抓住读者的注意力,有时可能要关注他们的偏见。因此C项“迎合读者的兴趣,抓住读者的注意力”正确。

第3题:3.判断推理题。对NicholasTomalin所述的引用在第七段,第七段的主题句是“Sojournalisticwritingisdifferentfromcreativewriting”,所以新闻写作不同于创意写作。此后的每句都是在论证这一主题句,因此A项“新闻写作不同于创意写作”正确。

第4题:4.事实细节题。A:报纸上的内容是选择性的。第六段指出“Itisselective”,它是选择性的,因此A项正确。B:读报所花的时间更少。根据“Relativelylittletimeisspentreadingadailynewspaper”可知B项正确。C:报纸读者应该在这方面努力。根据“Thenewspaperreader,doesnotexpecttoinvesteffortintheendeavour”,看报的人并不需要投入太多的精力,因此C项与原文不符。D:报纸读者偏爱故事,而不喜欢从头到尾读。根据“Manynewspaperreadersskim,sampleorgetaflavourofastoryratherthanreadingitthrough”,许多读报者只是略读,仅仅粗略看看故事而不是精读,因此D项正确。

第5题:5.判断推理题。文章讲述了新闻写作的特点与要求。因为看报者通常会花较少的时间浏览报纸各版面,所以新闻作品要迎合读者口味,吸引他们的注意力。故本题选A项“让读者花费更多的时间去阅读报纸”。

11.单选题

Moderntechnologyhasputmenonthemoonanddecipheredthehumangenome.Butwhenitcomestobrewingupflutomakevaccines,sciencestillturnstotheincredibleedibleegg.Eversincethe1940s,vaccinemakershavegrownlargebatchesofvirusinsidechickeneggs.Butgiventhatsome36,000Americansdieofflueachyear,it’sremarkablethatourfirstlineofdefenseisstillwhatSecretaryofHealthandHumanServicesTommyThompsoncalls"thecumbersomeandarchaicegg-basedproduction."Newcell-basedtechnologiesareinthepipeline,however,andmayfinallygetthesupporttheyneednowthattheUnitedStatesisfacedwithacriticalshortageoffluvaccine.Althoughexpertsdisagreeonwhethernewwaysofproducingvaccinecouldhavepreventedashortageliketheonehappeningtoday,thereisnodoubtthattheexistingsystemhasseriousflaws.

Eachyear,vaccinemanufacturersplaceadvanceordersformillionsofspeciallygrownchickeneggs.Meanwhile,public-healthofficialsmonitorcirculatingstrainsofflu,andeachMarchtheyrecommendthreestrains—twoinfluenzaAstrainsandoneBstrain—formanufacturerstoincludeinvaccines.Inthelatespringandsummer,automatedmachinesinjectvirusintoeggsandlatersuckouttheinfluenza-richgoop.Virusfromtheeggs’innardsgetskilledandprocessedtoremoveeggproteinsandothercontaminantsbeforebeingpackagedintovialsforfallshipment.

Whyhasthiseggmethodpersistedforsixdecades?Themainreasonisthatit’sreliable.Buteventhoughtheeggsarereliable,theyhaveseriousdrawbacks.Oneisthelongleadtimeneededtoordertheeggs.Thatmeansit’shardtomakemorevaccineinahurry,incaseofashortageorunexpectedoutbreak.Andeggsmaysimplybetoocumbersometokeepupwiththehundredsofmillionsofdosesrequiredtohandlethedemandforfluvaccine.

What’smore,someflustrainsdon’tgrowwellineggs.Lastyear,scientistswereunabletoincludetheFujianstraininthevaccineformulation.Itwasarelativelynewstrain,andmanufacturerssimplycouldn’tfindaquickwaytoadaptitsothatitgrewwellineggs.“Weknewthestrainwasoutthere,”recallsTheodoreEickhoffoftheUniversityofColoradoHealthSciencesCenter,“butpublic-healthofficialswereleftwithoutavaccine---and,consequently,amoreseverefluseason.”

Worse,thevirusesthatposethegreatestthreatmightbehardesttogrowineggs.That’sbecauseglobalpandemicsliketheonethatkilledover50millionpeoplebetween1918and1920arethoughttooccurwhenabirdinfluenzachangesinawaythatletsitcrossthespeciesbarrierandinfecthumans.Sincehumanshaven’tencounteredthenewvirusbefore,theyhavelittleprotectiveimmunity.ThedeadlybirdflucirculatinginAsiain1997and1998,forexample,worriedpublic-healthofficialsbecauseitspreadtosomepeoplewhohandledbirdsandkilledthem—althoughthebugnevercirculatedamonghumans.Butwhenscientiststriedtomakevaccinetheold-fashionedway,thebirdfluquicklykilledtheeggs.

1.Themoon-landingismentionedinthefirstparagraphtoillustrate().

2.Whatstepisessentialtothetraditionalproductionoffluvaccine?

3.Theforemostreasonwhytheegg-basedmethodisdefectiveliesin().

4.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?

5.Intheauthor’sview,thenewvaccineproductionmethodseemstobe().

问题1选项

A.technologycannotsolveallofourhumanproblems

B.progressinvaccineresearchforinfluenzahaslaggedbehind

C.greatachievementshavebeenmadebymeninexploringtheunknown

D.thedevelopmentofvaccineproductionmethodscannotbestopped

问题2选项

A.Manufacturersimplantthevaccineintoorderedchickeneggs.

B.Scientistsidentifytheexactstrainsoonafteraflupandemicstarts.

C.Publichealthmeasuresaretakenasanimportantpandemic-fightingtool.

D.Virusesaredeadenedandmadecleanbeforebeingputintovaccineuse.

问题3选项

A.thecomplexprocessofvaccineproduction

B.itspotentialthreattohumanbeing

C.thelowsurvivalratefornewfluvaccines

D.itscontributiontothefluvaccineshortage

问题4选项

A.Fluvaccinesnowmainlyuseegg-basedtechnology.

B.Abirdinfluenzahasoncecirculatedamonghumans.

C.Safetycanbegreatlyimprovedwithcell-culturevaccines.

D.Modernvaccineproductionmethodsaretoreplaceegg-basedmethods.

问题5选项

A.remarkable

B.criticized

C.efficient

D.accepted

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:D

【解析】第1题:1.作者意图题。由题干关键词themoonlanding定位到文章第一段第一句“Moderntechnologyhasputmenonthemoonanddecipheredthehumangenome”,现代技术已经把人类送上了月球,并破译了人类基因组。紧接着第二句出现了转折词but,说到涉及培养流感病毒生产疫苗时,科学家们居然还在使用可食用鸡蛋。全文主要讲述的是“鸡蛋培育流感疫苗的方法”,因此此处提到“themoonlanding”只是以某方面的发达科技为下文论述做铺垫,因此B选项“流感疫苗研究进展滞后”符合题意。

第2题:2.推理判断题。文章第二段介绍了本题说到的thetraditionalproductionoffluvaccine传统的流感疫苗生产过程。A选项“制造商将疫苗植入订购的鸡蛋中”错在是“automatedmachinesinjectvirus”而不是制造商;B选项“科学家在流感大流行开始后不久就确定了确切的毒株”在文中未提及确定毒株的速度;C选项“公共卫生措施是抗击疫情的重要手段”也未在本文提及;D选项“在投入疫苗使用之前,病毒被杀死并净化”对应第二段最后一句“Virusfromtheeggs’innardsgetskilledandprocessedtoremoveeggproteinsandothercontaminantsbeforebeingpackagedintovialsforfallshipment”,鸡蛋内部的病毒被杀死,经过处理去除鸡蛋蛋白和其他污染物,然后包装成小瓶,准备秋季装运。因此D选项正确。

第3题:3.细节事实题。由题干可以定位到文章第四段第一句What’smore,someflustrainsdon’tgrowwellineggs.(更重要的是,有些流感病毒在鸡蛋里生长不好)。C选项“新流感疫苗的低存活率”,文中说流感病毒在鸡蛋中生长得不好,由此可推断,流感疫苗的存活率低。A选项“疫苗生产的复杂过程”,不符合题意,可排除。B选项“它对人类的潜在威胁”,不符合题意,可排除。D选项“它导致了流感疫苗的短缺”,不符合题意,可排除。因此C选项正确。

第4题:4.推理判断题。A选项“流感疫苗现在主要使用基于鸡蛋的技术”对应文章第一段中作者对于现在依然使用鸡蛋生产流感疫苗感到不可思议,同时D选项“现代疫苗生产方法正在取代以鸡蛋为基础的方法”可由此排除;B选项“禽流感曾经在人类中传播”在文中最后一段倒数第二句中有“althoughthebugnevercirculatedamonghumans”说明这种禽流感并未在人类中传播过,可排除;C选项“细胞培养疫苗可以大大提高安全性”,文中未提到新方法的安全性,因此排除C。

第5题:5.观点态度题。此处问的是作者对于新疫苗培育方法的态度。第一段最后提到,新的细胞生产技术已经投入使用,并且可能最终得到支持。因此可推断出作者认为这个方法是有可能被接受的。D选项accepted正确。

12.单选题

Manyanimalshave()thathelpthemescapefromtheirenemies.Thecoatsofsomeanimalsarecoloredtoadapttoitssurroundings.

问题1选项

A.adaptations

B.acquisitions

C.adjustments

D.additions

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。adaptation“适应”;acquisition“获得,收购”;adjustment“调整,调节”;addition“添加,增加”。that后面是一个定语从句,用来修饰空格处的名词,“帮助它们逃脱敌人”,由此可知选项A符合题意。句意:很多动物具有适应性,能够帮助它们逃脱敌人。有些动物的皮毛能够适应周边环境而变色。

13.单选题

Theypersecutethosewhodonot()totheirideas.

问题1选项

A.surrender

B.confirm

C.submit

D.conform

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。surrender“投降,屈服”,一般指战败而屈服;confirm“确认,证实”,一般指通过提供证据证明或表明某事物(绝对)正确;submit“服从,提交”,一般指放弃抵抗,愿意服从对方;conform“符合,遵守”,侧重于以同一群体或社会中大多数人的相同方式行动和思考。句意:他们迫害那些不信奉他们思想的人。这里的关键词是“idea”,所以选项D最恰当。

14.单选题

BACKin1922,ThomasEdisonpredictedthat“themotionpictureisdestinedtorevolutionizeoureducationalsystemand...inafewyearsitwillsupplantlargely,ifnotentirely,theuseoftextbooks.”Well,weallmakemistakes.ButatleastEdisondidnotsquandervastquantitiesofpublicmoneyoninstallingcinemascreensinschoolsaroundthecountry.

Withcomputers,thestoryhasbeendifferent.Manygovernmentshavepackedthemintoschools,convincedthattheirpresencewouldimprovethepaceandefficiencyoflearning.Largenumbersofstudies,somemoreacademicallyrespectablethanothers,havepurportedtoshowthatcomputershelpchildrentolearn.Now,however,astudythatcomparesclasseswithcomputersagainstsimilarclasseswithoutthemcastsdoubtonthatview.

InthecurrentEconomicJournal,JoshuaAngristoftheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyandVictorLavyoftheHebrewUniversityofJerusalemlookataschemewhichputcomputersintomanyofIsrael'sprimaryandmiddleschoolsinthemid-1990s.Dr.AngristandDr.LavycomparethetestscoresformathsandHebrewachievedbychildreninthefourthandeighthgrades(i.e.,agedaboutnineand13)inschoolswithandwithoutcomputers.Theyalsoaskedtheclasses'teachershowtheyusedvariousteachingmaterials,suchasXeroxedworksheetsand,ofcourse,computerprograms.TheresearchersfoundthattheIsraelischemehadmuchlesseffectonteachingmethodsinmiddleschoolsthaninelementaryschools.Italsofoundnoevidencethattheuseofcomputersimprovedchildren’stestscores.Infact,itfoundthereverse.Inthecaseofthemathscoresoffourth-graders,therewasaconsistentlynegativerelationshipbetweencomputeruseandtestscores.Theauthorsofferthreepossibleexplanationsofwhythismightbe.First,theintroductionofcomputersintoclassroomsmighthavegobbledupcashthatwouldotherwisehavepaidforotheraspectsofeducation.Butthatisunlikelyinthiscasesincethemoneyfortheprogrammercamefromthenationallottery,andthestudyfoundnosignificantchangeinteachingresources,methodsortraininginschoolsthatacquiredcomputersthroughthescheme.

Asecondpossibilityisthatthetransitiontousingcomputersininstructiontakestimetohaveaneffect.Maybe,saytheauthors,buttheschoolssurveyedhadbeenusingthescheme’scomputersforafullschoolyear.Thatwasenoughforthenewcomputerstohavehadalarge(andapparentlymalign)influenceonfourth-grademathsscores.Thethirdexplanationisthesimplest:thattheuseofcomputersinteachingisnobetter(andperhapsworse)thanotherteachingmethods.

ThebottomlinesaysDrAngrist,isthat"thecostsareclear-cutandthebenefitsaremurky.”Theburdenofproofnowlieswiththepromotersofclassroomcomputers.Andtheonlyreliablewaytomaketheircaseis,surely,toconductaproperstudy,withchildrenrandomlyallocatedtoteacherswhousecomputersandteacherswhouseothermethods,includingthecheapestofall:chalkandtalk.

1.Wecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthat().

2.Dr.AngristandDr.Lavyhavedonethefollowingexcept().

3.AccordingtoDr.AngristandDr.Lavy,intheIsraelischeme,studentsdidn’tmakeimprovementintheirtestscoresbecause().

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat().

5.Theauthor'sattitudetowardsgovernments'packingcomputersinschoolsseemstobe()

问题1选项

A.motionpicturehasrevolutionizededucationsystem

B.Edison'spredictionhasbeenprovedwrong

C.Edisonencouragedschoolstoinstallcinemascreens

D.schoolsarecautiousaboutEdison’sidea

问题2选项

A.comparingthetestscoresofstudentsindifferentagegroups

B.interviewingteachersabouttheirteachingmethods

C.launchingthecomputerprograminmanyIsraelischools

D.explainingstudents’schoolperformance

问题3选项

A.otheraspectsofeducationwereaffectedduetocashshortage

B.itwasnotlongenoughfortheprogramtotakeeffect

C.therewasanegativerelationshipbetweencomputeruseandtestscores

D.theuseofcomputerwasnobetterthanotherteachingmethods

问题4选项

A.therehasn’tbeenaproperstudyonthisissueyet

B.schoolauthoritiesshouldprovideprooftosupportthecomputerprogram

C.installingcomputersinschoolscoststoomuch,buthaslittleornoeffect

D.chalkandtalkworkbetterthancomputerinteaching

问题5选项

A.biased

B.indifferent

C.disapproving

D.puzzling

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】第1题:1.细节事实题。题干询问:我们可以从第一段中得知什么?针对爱迪生的言论,后文提到“we

allmakemistakes(当然,人都会犯错)”,由此可判断作者通过这样的表述暗指爱迪生的言论错误。因此B项“爱迪生的预言被证明是错误的”表述正确,而其余三项均不能由原文第一段得出,故本题正确答案为B选项。

第2题:2.细节事实题。题干询问Dr.Angrist和Dr.Lavy没有做下列哪件事?根据原文第三段可知,这两位研究人员“comparethetestscoresfor...(对比了学生的考试成绩)和Theyalsoaskedtheclasses'teachershow...(询问教师如何使用各种教学材料)”,由此可判断A选项与B选项表述正确。再由原文第四段“Theauthorsofferthreepossibleexplanationsofwhythismightbe”可知,他们还提供了可能的解释。因此,A、B和D项都是这两位研究员所做的事情,而由原文第二段第二句“Manygovernmentshavepackedthemintoschools”可知,C项launchthecomputerprogram是由以色列政府所为,并非这两位科学家,因此本题正确答案为C选项。

第3题:3.细节事实题。题干询问:根据以色列计划中Dr.Angrist和Dr.Lavy的表述,学生分数在测试中没有进步的原因是什么?根据题干可定位到原文第四段和第五段,分析这两段内容可知,两位研究人员提出了电脑没有提高学生成绩的三种最可能的解释。而在描述前两种解释时,都举出了不成立的理由,因此可判断A选项和B选项错误,C选项“使用电脑与考试成绩之间一直存在着负相关关系”只是一种现象,不是学生没有进步的原因。作者在阐述第三种解释时并未指出其不合理,说明这种解释有一定的可靠性。这种解释认为:学生成绩没有进步可能是因为在教学中使用电脑并不比其他教学方法更好(也许还更糟)”。由此可判断D选项符合题意。

第4题:4.推理判断题。题干询问:由文章最后一段可以推断出什么?作者指出“Theburdenofproofnowlieswiththepromotersofclassroomcomputers.”,所以要说明使用电脑有助于课堂教学这一说法得需要课堂电脑的推广者来证明。而根据“Andtheonlyreliablewaytomaketheircaseis,surely,toconductaproperstudy,withchildrenrandomlyallocatedtoteacherswhousecomputersandteacherswhouseothermethods,includingthecheapestofall:chalkandtalk.”可知,要证明他们的观点,唯一可靠的方法当然是进行一项适当的研究,把孩子随机分配给使用电脑的老师和使用其他方法的老师。因此,作者对以前的研究方法提出了质疑,A选项“在这个问题上还没有一个适当的研究”表述正确。B选项表示“学校当局应该提供证据来支持电脑程序”,C选项表示“在学校里安装电脑花费太多,但收效甚微”,D选项表示“在教学中,粉笔和谈话比电脑更有效”,均不可由最后一段内容得出。故本题正确答案为A选项。

第5题:5.观点态度题。题干询问:作者对政府在学校安装电脑似乎是什么样的态度?在四个选项中,A选项biased表示“片面的;有偏见的”;B选项indifferent表示“冷淡的;漠不关心的”;C选项disapproving表示“反对的;不赞成的”;D选项puzzling表示“费解的;令人困惑的”。前文作者讲到至少爱迪生没有浪费公共资金,暗示了在学校安装电脑取代教科书的使用是浪费公共资金。文章最后一段作者引用研究人员的观点,说明在学校安装电脑成本明确但收效甚微,并提出应该采用适当的研究方法来对比真正得出是否有必要在学校安装电脑来取代课本。因此,作者对在学校安装电脑这件事更偏向于持有否定的态度,故本题正确答案为C选项。

15.单选题

Theresearchshowedthatthefrequencyofamother’sabsencereflecteda()deficiencyofthechild'slevelinmathandreading.

问题1选项

A.corresponding

B.relating

C.correlating

D.responding

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项corresponding“相当的;一致的;对应的;通信的”;B选项relating是relate的现在分词形式,表示“涉及,关联”;C选项correlating是correlate的现在分词;D选项responding“响应的”。本句说明母亲的缺席频率与孩子数学和阅读方面缺陷的对应性,因此A选项符合句意。句意:研究表明,母亲缺席的频率反映了孩子在数学和阅读方面相应的缺陷。

16.单选题

Successfulpeoplealwaysmake()preparationforanypotentialsetbacks.

问题1选项

A.adequate

B.urgent

C.abrupt

D.final

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。adequate“充足的”;urgent“紧急的,紧迫的”;abrupt“生硬的,唐突的”;final“最终的,决定性的”。根据preparation“准备”与potentialsetbacks“潜在的挫折”,可知选项A符合题意。句意:成功的人总会为潜在失败做好充足的准备。

17.单选题

Lawyersemergedfrom()intheeighteencenturytobecomekeymembersofthecommercialcolonies.

问题1选项

A.prominence

B.obscurity

C.significance

D.originality

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。prominence“突出,显著”;obscurity“朦胧,晦涩,身份低微”;significance“意义,重要性”;originality“创意,创造力”。句意:18世纪,律师从默默无闻一跃成为商业殖民地的重要成员。此处需要注意题干中的“from...to...”,说明有转变,to后面是“重要成员”,而能体现这一转变的选项为Bobscurity。

18.单选题

Hegavean()viewofthestateofaffairsinIreland.

问题1选项

A.impartial

B.impact

C.improve

D.insanity

【答案】A

【解析】考查形近词辨析。A选项impartial“公平的,公正的”;B选项impact“影响;效果”;C选项improve“改善,增进”;D选项insanity“疯狂;精神错乱”。句意:他对爱尔兰的事态发表了公正的看法。空格处需要填一个形容词修饰名词view,因此A项正确。

19.单选题

Afterreceivingthenews,immediate()wastakenbythelocalgovernmenttostopthediseasespreading.

问题1选项

A.activity

B.adventure

C.action

D.measure

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。activity“活动”;adventure“冒险”;action“活动,行动”;measure“测量,措施”。根据关键词take可知此处是表示“采取措施”,因此选项D符合题意。句意:接到消息后,当地政府立刻采取措施防止疾病蔓延。

20.单选题

Howcanwefinishtheworkinthe()ofanyotherhelpers?

问题1选项

A.shortage

B.haste

C.deficiency

D.absence

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项shortage“缺乏,不足”。B选项haste“匆忙,急忙”。C选项deficiency“缺陷,缺点”。D选项absence“缺席,缺少,没有”。句意:如果没有其他帮手,我们怎么能完成这项工作呢?本句表示“缺乏帮手的话,难以完成这项工作”。因此D选项符合题意。

21.单选题

Thegirlwas()Juliaafterhergrandmother.

问题1选项

A.appointed

B.named

C.nominated

D.elected

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项appoint“任命;指定”;B选项name“命名;指定”;C选项nominate“推荐;提名”;D选项elect“选举;选择”。句意:这个女孩以她祖母的名字……为朱莉娅。此处是说的起名,B选项name正确。

22.单选题

Thesystemhasbeendesignedtogivestudentsquickandeasy()tothedigitalresourcesofthelibrary.

问题1选项

A.acquaintance

B.accuracy

C.access

D.acquisition

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。acquaintance“熟人;相识;了解”;accuracy“准确性”;access“进入;通道;有使用权”,与介词to搭配;acquisition“获得物,获得”。句意:这套系统设计的目的是为了让学生能快速并且容易使用图书馆资源。选项C符合题意。

23.单选题

Scientificresearchresultscannowbequickly()tofactoryproduction.

问题1选项

A.used

B.applied

C.employed

D.practiced

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。beusedto表示“被用来;习惯于”,beappliedto表示“被运用于,应用于”,beemployedto表示“被使用于;被雇佣于”,practice通常与put构成搭配“putsth.topractice”表示“把……付诸于实践”。由句意可知,如今科研成果是被应用于工厂生产。因此,只有B项符合原句含义和搭配,故本题正确答案为B选项。

24.单选题

Youmustinsistthatstudentsgiveatruthfulanswer()withtherealityoftheirworld.

问题1选项

A.relevant

B.simultaneous

C.consistent

D.practical

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项relevant表示“相关的;中肯的”,常与介词to搭配,B选项simultaneous表示“同时的,同时发生的”,C选项consistent表示“一致的;连续的”,常与介词with搭配,D选项practical表示“实际的;实践的”。由题干信息可知,原文空缺处单词需与with构成搭配,表示“与……一致”,因此,本题最佳选项为C选项。句意:你必须坚持要求学生的真实回答要与他们的现实世界一致。

25.单选题

MaryandJohnarebusylookingforahotelfortheirwedding().

问题1选项

A.meal

B.banquet

C.refreshment

D.snack

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项meal“一顿饭”;B选项banquet“宴会,盛宴”;C选项refreshment“饮料,小食”;D选项snack“点心,小吃”。句意:玛丽和约翰正忙着为他们的婚宴找一家酒店。根据“wedding”可知这里应该选用一个比较正式的词,故选B项,表示“婚宴”。

26.单选题

Thedog()therabbitbutcouldnotcatchit.

问题1选项

A.ceased

B.chained

C.checked

D.chased

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项ceased“停止”。B选项chained“束缚,囚禁”。C选项checked“检查,查核”。D选项chased“追逐,追赶”。句意:狗追赶兔子,但是逮不着它。因此D选项符合题意。

27.单选题

Amajor()innegotiationhasbeenachieved.

问题1选项

A.breakthrough

B.breakdown

C.outbreak

D.break-off

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项breakthrough“突破;突破性进展”;B选项breakdown“故障;崩溃;分解”;C选项outbreak“(战争)爆发;(疾病)发作”;D选项break-off“折断;暂停工作”。句意:在谈判方面取得了重大……。achieve属于积极性词汇,“取得突破”更为准确,因此A选项正确。

28.单选题

Itis()thatwomenshouldbepaidlessthanmenfordoingthesamekindofwork.

问题1选项

A.allergic

B.amateur

C.annual

D.absurd

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。allergic“对……极讨厌”;amateur“业余的,外行的”;annual“每年的,年度的”;absurd“荒谬的,可笑的”。根据后面提到的“做同样的工作,女性获得的报酬比男性的少”,可知这种做法是荒谬的,因此选项D符合题意。句意:做同样的工作,女性获得的报酬比男性的少,这是很荒谬的。

29.单选题

Somecityplannersbelievethateachcityis():inotherwords,becauseofculturaldifferences,onecitycan'tsimplycopyothers.

问题1选项

A.separated

B.cutoff

C.unique

D.integrated

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。separated“分开的”;cutoff“切断,中断”;unique“独

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