2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国海洋大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）试卷号33

住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国海洋大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）（图片可根据实际调整大小）题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.单选题

Ruleshavebeen（

）forthebehaviorofthemembersofthegolfclub.

问题1选项

A.lainoff

B.laindown

C.laidoff

D.laiddown

【答案】D

【解析】句意:针对高尔夫球俱乐部成员行为的制度己被制定。

考查短语辨析。四个选项分别是对应动词词组的过去分词形式表被动。Lieoff停止工作;liedown躺下（休息或睡眠）;layoff辞退）工人，脱掉（衣物），放弃;laydown放下,搁下,规定。由关键词rules(制度)可知D符合句意。

2.单选题

（

）thatyourdaughteriswellagain,younolongerhaveanythingtoworryabout

问题1选项

A.Since

B.When

C.Now

D.After

【答案】C

【解析】句意:既然你女儿恢复了健康，那么你就没有什么需要担忧的了。

考查固定搭配。sincethat从那以后。whenthat在语法上是错误的。nowthat既然…。afterthat从那以后。因此C符合句意。

3.单选题

Agoodeducationisan（

）youcanfallbackonfortherestofyourlife.

问题1选项

A.asset

B.ethic

C.inventory

D.obligation

【答案】A

【解析】句意:好的教育是你余生能依靠的资产。

考查名词辨析。Asset资产,优点,有利条件;ethic道德准则,伦理标准;inventory清单,财产清单,(商店的)存货;obligation义务,职责,责任。因此A符合句意。

4.单选题

Students'goodbehaviorwillbetakeninto（

）whentheprizesarebeingdetermined.

问题1选项

A.regard

B.account

C.count

D.observation

【答案】B

【解析】句意:决定奖品的发放时，将会考虑学生的良好品行。

考查固定搭配。takeintoaccount考虑…。其他选项不能与takeinto搭配。

5.单选题

Thebuildingcollapsedbecauseitsfoundationwasnotstrongenoughto（

）theweightofthebuilding.

问题1选项

A.idealize

B.subside

C.initiate

D.sustain

【答案】D

【解析】句意:建筑物倒塌是因为它的地基不足以支撑整个建筑物的重量。

考查动词辨析。Idealize使理想化,理想化地描述;subside平息,减弱;initiate开始,发起;sustain支撑,维持,承担。由关键词theweightofthebuilding(建筑物重量)可知D符合句意。

6.单选题

Theseeingeyedogwastheblindman’s（

）companion.

问题1选项

A.continual

B.consistent

C.constant

D.continuous

【答案】C

【解析】句意:导盲犬是盲人忠诚的同伴。

考查形容词辨析。continual持续不断的，频繁的；consistent始终如—的，—致的，坚持的;constant忠诚的，忠贞的，不变的，恒定的，经常的;continuous连续的，持续的。因此C符合句意。

7.单选题

Thegovernorwilladoptnewmeasuresto（

）thelivingstandardsoftheordinarycitizens.

问题1选项

A.speedup

B.lift

C.hoist

D.elevate

【答案】D

【解析】句意:州长将会采取新措施提升普通市民的生活水平。

考查动词辨析。speedup加速;lift举起，提升（指用人力或机械力把某物升到较高的位置）;hoist(用绳索,起重机等)吊起,提升,拉高;elevate提升，举起，振奋情绪等。空格处动词的宾语为thelivingstandards(生活水平),故D符合句意。

8.单选题

Iwouldappreciate（

）itasecret.

问题1选项

A.yourkeeping

B.thatyoukeep

C.youtokeep

D.thatyouwillkeep

【答案】A

【解析】句意:感谢你保守秘密。

考查固定搭配。Appreciatesth./doingsth.感谢…。

9.单选题

Ifwe（

）ourideasandresourceswemaybeabletoproduceareallygoodplan.

问题1选项

A.pour

B.plunge

C.pool

D.assemble

【答案】C

【解析】句意:如果我们集中所有的想法和资源，我们也许能制订一个真正完美的计划。

考查动词辨析。Pour使(液体)连续流出,倾倒,倒出,涌流;plunge使陷入,使投入;pool集中资源(或材料等);assemble集合,聚集。由关键词ourideasandresources(想法和资源)可知C符合句意。

10.单选题

Atsometimeinyourlife,youmayhaveastrongdesiretodosomethingstrangeorterrible.However,chancesarethatyoudon'tactonyourimpulse,butletitpassinstead.Youknowthattocommittheactioniswronginsomewayandthatotherpeoplewillnotacceptyourbehavior.

Perhapsthemostinterestingthingaboutthephenomenonoftaboobehaviorishowitcanchangeovertheyearswithinthesamesociety,howcertainbehaviorandattitudeonceconsideredtaboocanbecomeperfectlyacceptableandnaturalatanotherpointintime.Topicssuchasdeath,forexample,wereonceconsideredsoupsettingandunpleasantthatitwasatabootoeventalkaboutthem.NowwiththepublicationofimportantbookssuchasOnDeathandDyingandLearningtoSayGoodbye,peoplehavebecomemoreawareoftheimportanceofexpressingfeelingsaboutdeathand,asaresult,aremorewillingtotalkaboutthistaboosubject.

OneofthenewesttaboosinAmericansocietyisthetopicoffat.Unlikemanyothertaboos,fatisatopicthatAmericanstalkaboutconstantly.It'snottaboototalkaboutfat;it'stabootobefat.The"in"lookisthin,notfat.Intheworkworld,mostcompaniespreferyouthful-looking,trimexecutivestoselltheirimagesaswellastheirproductstothepublic.Thethinlookisassociatedwithyouth,vigor,andsuccess.Thefatperson,ontheotherhand,isthoughtofaslazyandlackinginenergy,self-discipline,andself-respectInanimage-conscioussocietyliketheU.S.,thinis"in",fatis"out".

It'snotsurprising,then,thatmillionsofAmericanshavebeenobsessedwithstayingslimand"inshape".Thepursuitofayouthfulphysicalappearanceisnot,however,thesolereasonforAmericans'fascinationwithdietandexercise.Recentresearchhasshownthecriticalimportanceofdietandexerciseforpersonalhealth.Asinmosttechnologicallydevelopednations,thelifestyleofNorthAmericanshaschangeddramaticallyduringthecourseofthelastcentury.Modernmachinesdoallthephysicallaborthatpeoplewereonceforcedtodobyhand.Carsandbusestransportusquicklyfrompointtopoint.Asaresultofinactivityanddisuse,people’sboodlescaneasilybecomeweakandvulnerabletodisease.Inanefforttoavoidsuchafate,millionsofAmericansarespendingmoreoftheirtimeexercising.

1.Fromthepassagewecaninfertaboois（

）.

2.Basedontheideasinthepassagewecanconclude"beingfat"inAmericansociety

（

）.

3.Thetopicoffatismanyothertaboosubjects

（

）.

4.Whatdoes"thinis'in',andfatis'out"mean?

5.Apartfromthisnewunderstandingofthecorrelationbetweenhealthandexercise:themainreasonthepassagegivesforwhysomanyAmericansareexercisingregularlyis（

）.

问题1选项

A.astrongdesiretodosomethingstrangeorterrible

B.acrimecommittedonimpulse

C.behaviorconsideredunacceptableinsociety’seyes

D.anunfavorableimpressionleftonotherpeople

问题2选项

A.willalwaysremainataboo

B.isnotconsideredasataboobymostpeople

C.haslongbeenataboo

D.maynolongerbeataboosomeday

问题3选项

A.thesameas

B.differentfrom

C.morepopularthan

D.lessoftentalkedabout

问题4选项

A.Thinis"inside",andfatis"outside".

B.Thinis"diligent",andfatis"lazy".

C.Thinis"youthful",andfatis"spiritless".

D.Thinis"fashionable",andfatis"unfashionable".

问题5选项

A.theirchangedlifestyle

B.theireagernesstostaythinandyouthful

C.theirappreciationoftheimportanceofexercise

D.theencouragementtheyhavereceivedfromtheircompanies

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据题干关键词taboo定位至第二段:Perhapsthemostinterestingthingaboutthephenomenonoftaboobehaviorishowitcanchangeovertheyearswithinthesamesociety,howcertainbehaviorandattitudeonceconsideredtaboocanbecomeperfectlyacceptableandnaturalatanotherpointintime(或许，关于禁忌行为现象最有趣的一个事情是，它多年来如何能在同样的社会里发生变化和曾经被认为是禁忌的某些行为或观点如何能在另外—个时间点变得完全被接受和正常)。由此可知C项“不被公众接受的行为”正确。

2.判断推理题。第二段指出:Perhapsthemostinterestingthingaboutthephenomenonoftaboobehaviorishowitcanchangeovertheyearswithinthesamesociety,howcertainbehaviorandattitudeonceconsideredtaboocanbecomeperfectlyacceptableandnaturalatanotherpointintime(或许，关于禁忌行为现象最有趣的一个事情是，它多年来如何能在同样的社会里发生变化和曾经被认为是禁忌的某些行为或观点如何能在另外一个时间点变得完全被接受和正常)。由此推测D项“总有一天不再是禁忌”正确。

3.细节事实题。根据题干关键词Thetopicoffat定位至第三段:Unlikemanyothertaboos,fatisatopicthatAmericanstalkaboutconstantly(不同于其他禁忌，人们经常会谈到与肥胖有关的事情)。因此B项“不同于”正确。

4.语义题。根据题干关键词thinis“in”,andfatis“out”定位至第三段:Thethinlookisassociatedwithyouth,vigor,andsuccess.Thefatperson,ontheotherhand,isthoughtofaslazyandlackinginenergy,self-discipline,andself-respectInanimage-conscioussocietyliketheU.S.,thinis“in”，fatis“out”(苗条的身材让人联想到年轻，活力和成功。另一方面，肥胖的人被认为是懒惰或缺乏活力、自我约束和自尊。在一个注重外表的国家，比如美国，苗条意味着…，而肥胖意味着…)。根据句意推测,“in”和“out”分别表示“年轻，活力和成功”和“懒惰或缺乏活力、自我约束和自尊”,故C项“瘦就是青春，胖就是缺乏活力”正确。

5.细节事实题。根据题干关键词healthandexercise和themainreason定位至最后一段:Thepursuitofayouthfulphysicalappearanceisnot,however,thesolereasonforAmericans'fascinationwithdietandexercise(然而，对年轻外表的追求，不仅仅是因为美国人对节食和身体锻炼的热衷),由此可知B项“对保持苗条和青春的追求”正确。

11.单选题

Don’trun（

）theideathatScotsmenaremean.Theyjustdon’tlikewastingmoney.

问题1选项

A.infor

B.into

C.awayfrom

D.awaywith

【答案】D

【解析】句意:不要轻率地下结论说苏格兰人很吝啬。他们只是不想浪费钱。

考查固定搭配。runawaywiththeidea轻易接受（意见、看法等）。

12.单选题

Bornin1830inruralAmherst,Massachusetts,EmilyDickinsonspentherentirelifeinthehouseholdofherparents.Between1858and1862,itwaslaterdiscovered,shewrotelikeapersonpossessed,oftenproducingapoemaday.ItwasalsoduringthisperiodthatherlifewastransformedintothemythofAmherst.Withdrawingmoreandmore,keepingtoherroom,sometimesevenrefusingtoseevisitorswhocalled,shebegantodressonlyinwhite—ahabitthataddedtoherreputationasaneccentric.

IntheirdeterminationtoreadDickinson’slifeintermsofatraditionalromanticplot,biographershavemissedtheuniquepatternofherlife——herstruggletocreateafemalelifenotyetimaginedbythecultureinwhichshelived.Dickinsonwasnottheinnocent,lovelornandemotionallyfragilegirlsentimentalizedbytheDickinsonmythandpopularizedbyWilliamLuce’s1976play,theBelleofAmherst.HerdecisiontoshutthedooronAmherstsocietyinthe1850’stransferredherhouseintoakindofmagicalrealminwhichshewasfreetoengageherpoeticgenius.Herseclusionwasnottheresultofafailedloveaffair,butratherapartofamoregeneralpatternofrenunciationthroughwhichshe,inherquestforselfsovereignty,carriedonanargumentwiththepuritanfathers,attackingwithwitandironytheircheerlessCalvinistdoctrine,theirsternpatriarchalGod,andtheirrigidnotionsof“truewomanhood”.

1.What'stheauthor'smainpurposeinthepassage?

2.WhichofthefollowingisnotmentionedasbeingoneofEmilyDickinson’seccentricities?

3.Accordingtothepassage,biographersofEmilyDickinsonhavetraditionally（

）.

4.TheauthorimpliesthatmanypeopleattributeEmilyDickinson'sseclusionto

（

）.

5.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatEmilyDickinsonlivedinasocietythatwascharacterizedby（

）.

问题1选项

A.TointerpretEmilyDickinson’seccentricbehavior.

B.TopromotethepopularmythofEmilyDickinson.

C.TodiscussEmilyDickinson’sfailedloveaffair.

D.TodescribethereligiousclimateinEmilyDickinson'stime

问题2选项

A.Refusingtoeat.

B.Wearingonlywhite

C.Avoidingvisitors.

D.Stayinginherroom

问题3选项

A.criticizedmostofherpoems

B.ignoredherinnocenceandemotionalfragility

C.seenherlifeinromanticterms

D.blamingherparentsforrestrictingheractivities

问题4选项

A.physicalillness

B.afailedloveaffair

C.religiousfervor

D.herdislikeofpeople

问题5选项

A.strongPuritanbeliefs

B.equalityofmenandwomen

C.theencouragementofnonconformity

D.theappreciationofpoeticcreativity

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.主旨大意题。文章主要在解释艾米莉•迪金森生活行为古怪的原因。故选A“解释艾米莉•迪金森古怪的行为”。

2.细节事实题。四个选项为:A:拒绝进食,B:只穿白色衣服,C:拒绝见来访者,D:待在房间。第一段指出:Withdrawingmoreandmore,keepingtoherroom,

sometimesevenrefusingtoseevisitorswhocalled,shebegantodressonlyinwhite—ahabitthataddedtoherreputationasaneccentric(她越来越远离社会，呆在自己的房间里，有时拒绝面见来访者，而她开始只穿白色的衣服这样的习惯使她蒙上了怪人的名声),因此只有A项未提及。答案选A。

3.细节事实题。第二段指出:IntheirdeterminationtoreadDickinson'slifeintermsofatraditionalromanticplot,biographershavemissedtheuniquepatternofherlife—herstruggletocreateafemalelifenotyetimaginedbythecultureinwhichshelived(传记作者在决心用传统的浪漫情节去理解迪金森的生活上，忽视了她生活的独特方式，即她奋力去创造一个她生活的文化无法想象的女性生活)。因此C“从浪漫角度看待她的生活”正确。

4.判断推理题。最后一段指出:Herseclusionwasnottheresultofafailedloveaffair,butratherapartofamoregeneralpatternofrenunciation..(她的隐退不是失败的风流韵事的结果，而是一个更一般的放弃模式的一部分……)。因此在作者看来,很多人认为艾米莉•迪金森的隐退是因为失败的风流韵事,故选B“失败的风流韵事”。

5.判断推理题。最后一段指出:...carriedonanargumentwiththepuritanfathers,attackingwithwitandironytheircheerlessCalvinistdoctrine,theirsternpatriarchalGod,andtheirrigidnotionsof"truewomanhood”(（艾米莉•迪金森）与清教徒的父亲们进行争吵，用智慧去讽刺他们阴郁的加尔文教义，刻板的德高望重的上帝和他们对‘真正女性’的严格定义),由此可知A项“强大的清教徒信仰”正确。

13.单选题

Thelossofthe（

）ofhishearingdidn’tstophimfrombeingausefulmemberofthesociety.

问题1选项

A.ability

B.capability

C.power

D.faculty

【答案】A

【解析】句意:听觉能力的丧失阻碍不了他成为一名对社会有用的人。

考查名词辨析。Ability能力,才能（指人先天的或学来的各种能力）;capability才能，能力，，容量（指胜任某项具体工作的能力，也指本身具有、尚未发挥的潜能）;power功率，力量，能力，政权，势力（泛指一切力量或能力等）;faculty科，系，能力，全体教员（指特殊的才能或智力）。由关键词hearing(听力)可知这里指先天能力,故选A。

14.单选题

Gettingupisaneveryday（

）.

问题1选项

A.happening

B.occurrence

C.incident

D.event

【答案】B

【解析】句意:起床是天天都发生的事。

考查近义词辨析。Happening事情(偶然或未能预见而发生的事);occurrence事情，事件（可指意外或计划中的事情，也可指普通家庭中的事情）;incident事件，事变，插曲（尤指导致纷争的冲突事端）;event事件,大事尤指重大事件）。由关键信息“gettingup”、“everyday”可知B项正确。

15.单选题

HehasbeeninChinaforayearandstudiedthemarkettodiscoverthe（

）forprofitableinvestment.

问题1选项

A.necessity

B.reality

C.capacity

D.potential

【答案】D

【解析】句意:他在中国待了一年来研究市场，以便发现投资获利的可能性。

考查名词辨析。Necessity必然,必要,需要;reality现实,事实;capacity容量,能力,职位;potential可能,潜能。故D符合句意。

16.单选题

Heisamongthoseluckystudentswhohavewon（

）tofirst-rateuniversity.

问题1选项

A.permission

B.admittance

C.profession

D.admission

【答案】D

【解析】句意:他是那些能幸运地进入一流大学的学生中的一员。

考查近义词辨析。permission允许，许可，一般用于givesb.permissiontodosth.允许某人做某事;admittance进入，入场权（尤指公共场所）;profession职业，声明，宣布；admission入学，承认,录用。因此D符合句意。

17.单选题

Ihavebeenlivinginadormroom,（

）facesnorth,forthreeyearsandhavesufferedalot.

问题1选项

A.thewindow

B.whichwindow

C.whosewindow

D.itswindow

【答案】C

【解析】句意:我在一个窗户朝北的宿舍里已住了三年，这让我受了很多苦。

语法题。考查定语从句。分析题干和选项可知,句子主干为Ihavebeenlivinginadormroomforthreeyearsandhavesufferedalot,而“facesnorth”为room的定语,window（窗户）和room(房间)是从属关系,所以用关系代词whose引导定语从句。

18.单选题

（

）nolossofenergybyfriction,themotionwouldcontinuedefinitelyonceitstarted.

问题1选项

A.Therewere

B.Werethere

C.Therewas

D.Ifthereis

【答案】B

【解析】句意:如果没有由于摩擦而使能量丧失，运动将无限期地继续下去。

语法题。考查虚拟语气。根据句意推测此处属于与现在事实相反的条件句,故用虚拟语气:条件从句的谓语动词为were或动词过去式，主句部分为would/should/might/could+动词原形，故B正确。

19.单选题

NowapaperinSciencearguesthatorganicchemicalsintherockcomemostlyfrom（

）onearthratherthanbacteriaonMars.

问题1选项

A.contamination

B.constitution

C.condemnation

D.configuration

【答案】B

【解析】句意:最近《科学》杂志上的一篇论文认为，岩石中的有机化合物主要来自于地球上的组成物质，而非是火星上的细菌。

考查形近词辨析。Contamination污染,污染物;constitution宪法,章程,构造,组成物质;condemnation谴责,指责;configuration结构,构造,格局。ratherthan连接空格跟“bacteriaonMars(火星上的细菌)”,因此空格处应该是“组成物质”。

20.单选题

Thepresidentofthecompanywasunderenormous（

）duringthetrial.

问题1选项

A.force

B.pressure

C.strength

D.tense

【答案】B

【解析】句意:在审判期间，这家公司的董事长承受了巨大的压力。

考查名词辨析。Force武力,暴力,力量;pressure压力,压迫;strength力量,力气;tense（动词的）时态。故B符合句意。

21.单选题

OneauthoritymadeacensusofthespidersinagrassfieldinthesouthofEngland,andhe（

）thatthereweremorethan2,250,000spidersinoneacre.

问题1选项

A.assessed

B.estimated

C.appraised

D.evaluated

【答案】B

【解析】句意:一位权威人士对英国南部一块草坪上的蜘蛛进行了数量调查，他估计在那个地方每公顷有超过225万只蜘蛛。

考查近义词辨析。四个选项均为对应动词的过去式。Assess评定,估价;estimate估计,估量;appraise估量,估价,(对某人的工作)做出评价;evaluate评价,估价。由关键信息morethan2,250,000spidersinoneacre(每公顷有225万只蜘蛛)可知B符合句意。

22.单选题

TheQueen’svisittoChinawaslargely（

）.Butitendedanunhappychapterintherelationship.

问题1选项

A.synthetic

B.representative

C.international

D.symbolic

【答案】D

【解析】句意:女王访问中国在很大程度上是象征性的，但它却导致双方的关系出现了不愉快的篇章。

考查形容词辨析。Synthetic合成的,人造的,综合的;representative代表的,典型的;international国际的,世界性的;symbolic象征的。But表转折,可知前后句子应该为对比或相反,因此D符合句意。

23.单选题

（

）deservestheawardwillcertainlygetit.

问题1选项

A.Whowethink

B.Whoeverwethink

C.Whoeverwethinkof

D.Whoeverdowethink

【答案】B

【解析】句意:我们认为,不管谁应得这个奖品,他一定会得到。

语法题。考查主语从句引导词。分析题干可知空格处为主语从句,whoever引导主语从句时，其意义相当于“anyonewho”，“wethink”在这里充当插入语,故B正确。

24.单选题

Hishumorousremark（

）thetensionatthemeeting.

问题1选项

A.released

B.replaced

C.relieved

D.retained

【答案】C

【解析】句意:他幽默的言辞缓和了会议上的紧张气氛。

考查动词辨析。四个选项均为对应动词的过去式。Release释放,放出,发泄;replace代替,取代,更新;relieve缓和,解除,减轻;retain保持。由关键词thetension(紧张局势)可知C符合句意。

25.单选题

（

）withtheheightoftheskyscraper,thismountaindoesn’tseemhighatall.

问题1选项

A.Whencompared

B.Whilecomparing

C.Compare

D.Comparing

【答案】A

【解析】句意:当与摩天大楼的高度相比吋，这座山看起来根本不高。

语法题。考查过去分词做状语。此句主语为thismountain,前半句为动词compare的过去分词做比较状语。分句中动词compare与逻辑主语thismountain之间是被动关系,故选A。

26.单选题

Anotherurgentproblem（

）thenewkingdomwasthatoftheeducationofitscitizens.

问题1选项

A.conflicting

B.confronting

C.competing

D.combating

【答案】B

【解析】句意:新王国面对的另一个紧迫问题是国民教育的问题。

考查动词辨析。四个选项均为对应动词的现在分词形式。Conflict冲突,抵触（不及物动词，后跟with或against）;confront面对，遭遇，比较,可做及物动词;compete竞争，比赛，对抗（不及物动词，后跟with或against）;combat反对，与…战斗。分析题干可知空格处应填及物动词,因此B项无论从语义还是从搭配上都符合题意。

27.单选题

Wearedoingthisworkinthe（

）ofreformsintheeconomic,socialandculturalsphere

问题1选项

A.context

B.contest

C.texture

D.pretext

【答案】A

【解析】句意:我们正在经济、社会、文化改革的背景下开展这项工作。

考查名词辨析。Context上下文,环境,背景;contest比赛,竞争;texture质地,纹理;pretext借口,托辞。因此A符合句意。

28.单选题

Tounderstandthemarketingconcept,itisonlynecessarytounderstandthedifferencebetweenmarketingandselling.Nottoomanyyearsago,mostindustriescenteredprimarilyontheefficientproductionofgoods,andthenreliedon“persuasivesalesmanship''tomoveasmuchofthesegoodsaspossible.Suchproductionandsellingfocusesontheneedsofthesellertoproducegoodsandthenchangethemintomoney.

Marketing,ontheotherhand,focusesonthewantsofconsumers.Itbeginswithfirstanalyzingthepreferencesanddemandsofconsumersandthenproducinggoodsthatwillsatisfythem.Thiseye-on-the-consumerapproachisknownasthemarketingconcept,whichsimplymeansthatinsteadoftryingtosellwhateveriseasiesttoproduceorbuyforresale,themakersanddealersfirsttrytofindoutwhatconsumerwantstobuyandthengoaboutmakingitavailableforpurchase.

Thisconceptdoesnotimplythatbusinessisbenevolentorthatconsumersatisfactionisgivenpriorityoverprofitinacompany.Therearealwaystwosidestoeverybusinesstransaction——thefirmandthecustomer—andeachmustbesatisfiedbeforetradeoccurs.Successfulmerchantsandproducers,however,recognizethatthesurestroutetoprofitisthroughunderstandingandmeetingtheneedsoftheconsumers.Astrikingexampleoftheimportanceofmeetingtheconsumers’needshappenedinthemid-1985,whenCoca-Colachangedtheflavorofitsdrink.Thenon-acceptanceofthenewflavorbyasignificantportionofthepublicbroughtaboutapromptrestorationoftheClassicCoke,whichwasthenmarketedalongsidethenew.KingCustomerruled!

1.Toputitinasimplerway,themarketingconceptis（

）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,mostindustriesinthenearpastfocusedon.

3.TheauthorusedtheexampleofCoca-colatoshow

（

）.

4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?

5.Thephrase“tomoveasmuchofthesegoodsaspossible”inparagraphonemeans（

）.

问题1选项

A.akindofpersuasivesalesmanship

B.anefforttoturngoodsintomoney

C.acustomer-centeredapproach

D.asurestwaytogreaterprofit

问题2选项

A.thedemandsofthemarket

B.theefficiencyofproduction

C.thepreferencesofconsumers

D.thesatisfactionofconsumers

问题3选项

A.boththefirmandthecustomersmustbesatisfiedbeforetradeoccurs

B.anewproductishardtobeacceptedbythemajorityoftheconsumers

C.ClassicCokeismuchbetterthanthenewflavorproducedbyCoca-cola

D.aproductmustbedesignedtosatisfythedemandsofmostconsumers

问题4选项

A.Abusinessproducesgoodsonlybecausetheywanttosatisfytheneedsofthepublic.

B.Consumersatisfactionisalwaysthemostimportantfactorforproducerstoconsider.

C.Bothconsumersatisfactionandpersuasivesalesmanshipserveproducers’pursuitofprofit.

D.Producersandmerchantsareverybenevolentinthattheyfocusonconsumer’ssatisfaction.

问题5选项

A.tosellthelargestpossibleamountofgoods

B.tomakethegoodsasattractiveaspossible

C.toproducethegoodsasefficientlyaspossible

D.tofocusgreatlyontheneedsoftheconsumers

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。第二段指出:Thiseye-on-the-consumerapproachisknownasthemarketingconcept…(这种集中于消费者的方式被称为市场营销概念…),因此C“以消费者为中心的方式”正确。

2.细节事实题。第一段指出:Nottoomanyyearsago,mostindustriescenteredprimarilyontheefficientproductionofgoods(几年前，大多数企业主要把精力集中于商品的高效生产),由此可知B项“生产效率”正确。

3.判断推理题。作者举例可口可乐的前面句为:Successfulmerchantsandproducers,however,recognizethatthesurestroutetoprofitisthroughunderstandingandmeetingtheneedsoftheconsumers(然而，成功的商人和生产者意识到，最可靠的盈利途径是理解和满足消费者的需求)。随后指出可口可乐改变其饮料口味后失去了消费者,故D项“产品的设计一定要去满足大多数消费者的需求”正确。

4.判断推理题。A:商家生产商品只是因为其想要满足公众的需要,B:消费者的满意度通常是生产者考虑的最重要的因素,D:生产者和商人都是慈善的，因为他们都集中精力于消费者的满意度。由最后一段中的“Thisconceptdoesnotimplythatbusinessisbenevolentorthatconsumersatisfactionisgivenpriorityoverprofitinacompany(这个概念并不是暗示商业是行善的或在一家公司里消费者满意比盈利重要)”可知这三项不符合原文意思。C:消费者满意度和说服力的推销都是为了满足生产者的利润追求,最后一段指出:Successfulmerchantsandproducers,however.recognizethatthesurestroutetoprofitisthroughunderstandingandmeetingtheneedsoftheconsumers(然而，成功的商人和生产者认识到获取利润的最可靠方法是了解和满足消费者的需求),Nottoomanyyearsago,mostindustriescenteredprimarilyontheefficientproductionofgoods,andthenreliedon“persuasivesalesmanship”tomoveasmuchofthesegoodsaspossible(几年前，大多数企业主要把精力集中于商品的高效生产，然后依赖有说服力的推销售出尽可能多的产品),故C项“消费者满意度和说服力的推销都是为了满足生产者的利润追求”正确。

5.语义题。所在句为:andthenreliedon“persuasivesalesmanship''tomoveasmuchofthesegoodsaspossible(然后依赖“有说服力的推销…”),由此推测A项“销售尽可能多的商品”正确。

29.单选题

Theshrewdpolitician（

）hisspeechtosuittheinterestsofhisaudience.

问题1选项

A.adopts

B.assimilates

C.adapts

D.converts

【答案】C

【解析】句意:这位精明的政客为了满足听众的兴趣而改编了演讲稿。

考查动词辨析。四个选项均为对应动词的三单形式。Adopt采取,接受;assimilate吸收，使同化;adapt使适应,改编;convert使转变。故C符合句意。

30.单选题

AspecialmemorialservicewillbeheldintheCathedraltothe（

）500thanniversaryofitsconstruction.

问题1选项

A.note

B.illustrate

C.mark

D.remember

【答案】C

【解析】句意:为纪念大教堂建造500周年，一场特殊的纪念仪式将在里面被举行。

考查动词辨析。Note注意,留意,指出;illustrate(用示例、图画等)说明,解释,表明…真实;mark做记号,做标记,留下痕迹;remember回想起,记得,记起。分析题干可知此处表示“几年500周年”,故选C。

31.单选题

Thehotel（

）only$50foradoubleroomintheslackseason.

问题1选项

A.claims

B.prices

C.charges

D.demands

【答案】C

【解析】句意:在淡季，这家旅馆的双人间只需要50美元。

考查固定搭配。chargefor索价,要价。

32.单选题

（

）theaccident,theywouldhavearrivedearlier.

问题1选项

A.Exceptfor

B.Butfor

C.Besides

D.Savefor

【答案】B

【解析】句意:要不是这个事故，他们会更早地到达。

考查短语辨析。exceptfor除了……以外;butfor要不是;besides此外，而且;savefor除…之外。句子后半句“theywouldhavearrivedearlier”为对过去的虚拟,那次推测空格处应该表示“要不是”。

33.单选题

Marry（

）myletter;otherwiseshewouldhaverepliedbeforenow.

问题1选项

A.hasreceived

B.oughttohavereceived

C.couldn'thavereceived

D.shouldn’thavereceived

【答案】C

【解析】句意:玛丽应该没有收到我的信，不然她应该己经给我回信的。

语法题。考查虚拟语气。由关键信息otherwise(否则)可知“Marrymyletter”表示对过去的推测。故选C,couldn’thavedone表示对过去某事的否定猜测。

34.单选题

Thishotel（

）$50forasingleroomwithbath.

问题1选项

A.claims

B.charges

C.demands

D.prices

【答案】B

【解析】意:这家酒店带浴室的单间要价50美元。

考查动词辨析。四个选项均为对应动词的三单形式。Claim要求,请求,主张;charge要价,向前冲;demand要求,查询,需要;price给……定价,估价。B符合句意。

35.单选题

Astudyofarthistorymightbeagoodwaytolearnmoreaboutaculturethanispossibletolearningeneralhistoryclasses.Mosttypicalhistorycoursesconcentrateonpolitics,economics,andwar.Butarthistoryfocusesonmuchmorethanthisbecauseartreflectsnotonlythepoliticalvaluesofapeople,butalsoreligiousbeliefs,emotions,andpsychology.Inaddition,informationaboutthedailyactivitiesofourancestors——orofpeopleverydifferentfromourown——canbeprovidedbyart.Inshortartexpressestheessentialqualitiesofatimeandaplace,andastudyofitclearlyofferusadeeperunderstandingthancanbefoundinmosthistorybooks.

Inhistorybooks,objectiveinformationaboutthepoliticallifeofacountryispresented;thatis,factsaboutpoliticsaregiven,butopinionsarenotexpressed.Art,ontheotherhand,issubjective:itreflectsemotionsandopinions.ThegreatSpanishpainterFranciscoGoyawasperhapsthefirsttruly"political”artist.Inhiswell-knownpaintingTheThirdofMay1808,hecriticizedtheSpanishgovernmentforitsmisuseofpoweroverpeople.Overahundredyearslater,symbolicimageswereusedinPabloPicasso’sGuernicatoexpressthehorrorofwar.Meanwhile,onanothercontinent,thepowerfulpaintingsofDiegoRivera.JoseClementeOrozco,andDavidAlfaroSiqueiros---aswellastheworksofAlfredoRamosMartines——depictedtheseMexicanartists’deepangerandsadnessaboutsocialproblems.

Inthesameway,artcanreflectaculture’sreligiousbeliefs.ForhundredsofyearsinEurope,religiousartwasalmosttheonlytypeofartthatexisted.ChurchesandotherreligiousbuildingswerefilledwithpaintingsthatdepictedpeopleandstoriesfromtheBible.Althoughmostpeoplecouldn’tread,theycouldstillunderstandbiblicalstoriesinthepicturesonchurchwalls.Bycontrast,oneofthemaincharacteristicsofartintheMiddleEastwas(andstillis)itsabsenceofhumanandanimalimages.ThisreflectstheIslamicbeliefthatstatuesareunholy.

1.Morecanbelearnedaboutaculturefromastudyofarthistorythangeneralhistorybecausearthistory（

）.

2.Artissubjectiveinthat

（

）.

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?

4.Thepassageismainlydiscussing

（

）.

5.Itmaybeconcludedfromthispassagethat（

）.

问题1选项

A.showsusthereligionsandemotionsofapeopleinadditiontopoliticalvalues

B.providesuswithinformationaboutthedailyactivitiesofpeopleinthepast

C.givesusaninsightintotheessentialqualitiesofatimeandaplace

D.alloftheabove

问题2选项

A.apersonalandemotionalviewofhistoryispresentedthroughit

B.itcaneasilyrouseourangerorsadnessaboutsocialproblems

C.itwillfindareadyechoinourhearts

D.bothBandC

问题3选项

A.UnlikeFranciscoGoya,PabloandseveralMexicanartistsexpressedtheirpoliticalopinionsintheirpaintings

B.Historybooksoftenrevealthecompilers’politicalviews.

C.ReligiousartremainedinEuropeforcenturiestheonlytypeofartbecausemostpeopleregardedtheBibleastheHolyBook.

D.Alltheabovementionedarenottrue.

问题4选项

A.thedifferencebetweengeneralhistoryandarthistory

B.themakingofarthistory

C.whatcanwelearnfromart

D.theinfluenceofartistsonarthistory

问题5选项

A.Islamicartistshavehadtocreatearchitecturaldecorationswithimagesofflowersorgeometricforms

B.Historyteachersaremoreobjectivethangeneralhistory

C.Itismoredifficulttostudyarthistorythangeneralhistory.

D.PeopleandstoriesfromtheBiblewerepaintedonchurchesandotherbuildingsinordertopopularizetheBible.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。A:展示一个民族的宗教和情感以及政治价值观,由第一段“...artreflectsnotonlythepoliticalvaluesofapeople,but

alsoreligiousbeliefs,emotions,andpsychology(艺术反应人的政治价值观、宗教信仰、情感和心理状态)”可知A项正确。B:提供过去人们日常活动的信息,由第一段中“Inaddition,informationa