2016年中石油职称英语真题及答案

精选优质文档-----倾情为你奉上精选优质文档-----倾情为你奉上专心---专注---专业专心---专注---专业精选优质文档-----倾情为你奉上专心---专注---专业2016年中石油职称英语考试真题及参考答案解析I.VocabularySectionADirections:Therearesomesentencesinthissection.Beloweachsentencearefourotherwordsorphrases.Youaretochoosetheonewordorphrasewhichwouldbestkeepingthemeaningoftheoriginalsentenceifitweresubstitutedfortheunderlinedwordorphrase.Thenmarkyouranswerontheanswersheet.1、Inmostcountries,thecrimeofmurdercarriesharshpenalties.

A.unconscious

B.thrive

C.severe

D.prudent

【参考答案】C

【释义】harsh

adj.残酷的；严酷的；严厉的；恶劣的

unconsciousadj.无知觉的；昏迷的；不省人事的；无意识的

thrive

v.繁荣；茁壮成长；蓬勃发展；兴旺发达

severe

adj.极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的；苛刻的

prudent

adj.谨慎的；慎重的；精明的2、Itellmymotheraboutmytrialsatworkandbragaboutthekids.

A.lie

B.boast

C.secretive

D.feelawkward【参考答案】B【出处】2016版《通用选读》第28课That"OtherWoman"inMyLife第8段。【释义】brag

v.吹嘘；自吹自擂

lie

v.躺；说谎；撒谎；在于

boast

v.自夸；自吹自擂；有（值得自豪的东西）

secretive

adj.（思想、情感等）不外露的；惯于掩藏自己的；有城府的

feelawkward

为难；作难；犯难3、Theemployeehadtobreakofftheconversationinordertowaitonhismanger.

A.continue

B.hurry

C.begin

D.discontinue【参考答案】D【出处】MBA联考大纲英语词组。原题：Theemployeehadtobreakofftheconversationinordertowaitonhismanager.(discontinue)【释义】breakoff

v.断绝；折取；把…折断；使脱落

continue

v.持续；延伸；继续存在；不断发生

hurry

v.赶快；（朝某方向）迅速移动；催促（某人）；迅速处理

begin

v.开始；启动；起始；开始存在（或进行）

discontinue

v.停止；终止；中断；终止（生产）4、Thereisanextensiveglaciersystem,endlessforests,andinnumerablelakesthroughoutthishighlandarea.

A.expansive

B.broad

d.deep

D.intense【参考答案】A【出处】2016版《通用选读》第24课TheDelightsofSouthIsland第3段【释义】extensive

adj.广阔的；广大的；大量的；广泛的

expansive

adj.广阔的；辽阔的；浩瀚的；广泛的

broad

adj.宽阔的；广阔的；…宽（用于表示距离的量度之后）

deep

adj.深陷；全神贯注；专心；深的

intense

adj.很大的；十分强烈的；严肃紧张的；激烈的5、Scientistsaretryingtodevelopcomputersthatwillsimulatethehumanthoughtprocess.

A.project

B.reflect

C.substitute

D.assume【参考答案】B【出处】2015版大纲模拟试题一第13题【释义】simulate

v.模仿；假装；冒充；装作

project

v.计划；规划；投影；投射

reflect

v.反映；映出（影像）；反射（声、光、热等）；显示

substitute

v.取代；（以…）代替

assume

v.假设；假定；认为；假装6、Thetwodriverswereinjuredinthecollision.

A.fight

B.accident

C.critic

D.crash【参考答案】D【出处】同等学力人员申请硕士学位英语试题【解释】collision

n.抵触；碰撞（或相撞）事故

fight

n.斗争；打架；打斗；搏斗

accident

n.意外；（交通）事故；意外遭遇；不测事件

criticn.评论家；反对者；批评者

crash

n.崩溃；坠毁；撞击；速成7、Visitinginahumidclimatewillcausethetraveler’sclothingtobecomesaturatedwithsweat.

A.stained

B.heated

C.drenched

D.trapped【参考答案】C【出处】大学六级试题【释义】saturated

adj.浸透；湿透；（溶液）饱和的；深的

stained

adj.(被血或污物)染污的；有瑕疵或污点的；(因罪行)败坏名声的；染色的

heated

adj.愤怒的；激烈的；十分激动的；（用加热器）加热了的

drenched

adj.湿透的；含太多液体的；充满(液体)的

trap

v.诱捕；设计诱陷；安防臭瓣；发射(泥鸽)8、IntheheartofthecontinentofAntarcticaitisalmostashighasthesummitsoftheAlps.

A.tops

B.trails

C.apexes

D.sites【参考答案】C【出处】2016版《通用选读》第60课WhyAntarcticaIsBeingExplored第8段【释义】summit

n.峰会；山顶；顶点；最高点

top

n.顶；上衣；陀螺；上面

trails

n.小路；长长地拖垂后头的东西；(流星等的)尾；衣裙

apex

n.顶点；最高点

site

n.网站；站点；现场；位置9、Nowsomescientistshaverevisedtheirwayofthinking.

A.rejected

B.unclear

C.amended

D.distasteful【参考答案】C【出处】新视野大学英语3课文1-6单元sectionB原文【释义】revise

v.修订；修正；校阅；再检查

reject

v.拒绝；驳回；丢弃；不接受

unclear

adj.不清楚的；不确定的；难以掌握的；不完全明白

amend

v.改良；订正；改变(行为等)；改过

distasteful

adj.使人不愉快的；令人反感的；讨厌的10、Ithasbeenarguedthatoilmaybetterbefoundbyrandomdrillingthanbytheapplianceofscientificprinciples.

A.

foolish

B.unplanned

C.unavoidable

D.wise【参考答案】B【出处】2016版《通用选读》第31课PetroleumGeologyandOtherSciences第8段【释义】random

adj.随机的

foolish

adj.愚蠢的；傻的；感到荒谬；出丑

unplanned

adj.未计划（或筹划）的；意外的

unavoidable

adj.无法避免的；难以预防的

wise

adj.充满智慧的；明智的；英明的；明察善断的SectionBDirections:Therearesomeincompletesentencesinthissection.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA，B,CandD.ChoosetheONEanswerthatbestcompletesthesentenceandmarkyouranswerontheanswersheet.11、Ouroverseasbranchofficeis____toopeninDubainextmonth.

A.advanced

B.informed

C.maintained

D.scheduled

【参考答案】D

【出处】托业考试（TOEIC）模拟试题

【释义】advance

v.提前；进步；促进；预付

inform

v.通知；通告；知会；了解

maintain

v.维护；保持；坚持；抚养

schedule

v.安排；预定；为…安排时间12、Dear,dosendthechildrentobed.Ican't____theirnoiseanylonger.

A.putupwith

B.putout

C.putoff

D.putaway

【参考答案】A

【出处】专升本英语考前复习试题

【释义】putupwith

na.忍住；忍耐

putout

v.扑灭；熄灭；放出；伸出

putoff

na.延期；辩解

putaway

v.把…收起来；储存13、Salespromotion____thosepromotionalactivitiesotherthanadvertising,personalselling,andpublicity.

A.isconsistedof

B.consistsof

C.iscomposedfrom

D.composesfrom

【参考答案】B

【出处】2016版《通用选读》第52课SalesPromotion第1段

【释义】isconsistedof

被动语态，由……组成的

consistsof

v.由…构成；由…组成；由…组成14、Thesefuels____heatwhentheyburn.

A.giveup

B.giveoff

C.giveaway

D.givein

【参考答案】B

【出处】2016版《通用选读》第26课TheMagicofEnergy第13段

【释义】giveup

na.放弃；断绝；投降；自首

giveoff

na.放出；发出；释放；散发出

giveaway

na.赠送；分发；放弃；露马脚

givein

na.让步；屈服；投降；上交15、Ibelieveinthesupremeworthoftheindividualandinhisright__life,liberty,andthepursuitofhappiness.

A.by

B.to

c.at

D.over

【参考答案】B

【出处】2016版《通用选读》第7课OurFamilyCreed第5段16、Whereveryougointheworld,trytoshowrespectforthevaluesofthecountryyouarein,____youdonotnecessarilyagreewiththem.

A.whatever

B.evenif

C.asif

D.provided

【参考答案】B

【出处】2016版《通用选读》第46课CulturalTaboos第6段

【释义】whatever

pron.[连接代词]无论；什么都；〈俚〉究竟…什么

evenif

na.即使…也

asif

仿佛；好像；俨然；似乎；就跟…一样

provided

conj.如果；假如；在…条件下17、MainframeSoftwareCompany____itsclientscompletesatisfactionwithallitsproducts.

A.requests

B.admits

C.agrees

D.guarantees

【参考答案】D

【出处】托业考试（TOEIC）试题

【释义】这里要选择谓语动词。在空格之后是动词的双宾语itsclients和completesatisfaction。选项当中可以接直接宾语和间接宾语的只有guarantee。guarantee+人+物“向某人保证某事”。(A)request“要求”和(B)admit“同意”只能接一个宾语。(C)agree“同意”。18、Organicchemistryis____bothintheanalysisofoilandgasandinthestudyofthediagenesisoftheplantandanimaltissuesinsediments.

A.involved

B.evolution

C.revolved

D.evolved

【参考答案】A

【出处】2016版《通用选读》第31课PetroleumGeologyandOtherSciences第3段

【释义】beinvolvedin

na.被包入；被卷入漩涡；参与；涉及；介入19、Managersneedtomonitorinflation____sotheycanmakegooddecisions.

A.emergency

B.trend

C.pace

D.schedule

【参考答案】B

【出处】2016版《通用选读》第47课ManagingInaGlobalEnvironment第10段

【释义】emergency

n.突发事件；紧急情况

trend

n.趋势；动向；趋向；动态

pace

n.步伐；节奏；步速；（移动的）速度

schedule

n.日程安排；明细表；工作计划20、Hefailedagaininthedrivingtest.Idon’tknowwhy____

hewassonervous.

A.intheearth

B.ontheearth

C.inearth

D.onearth

【参考答案】D

【出处】2016年中石油职称英语考试模拟试题二

【释义】intheearth

在泥土里；在地下；在地里

ontheearth

在地球上

inearth

在土壤中

onearth

adv.究竟，到底，固定搭配，为程度副词。II.GrammaticalStructureSectionADirections:Therearesomeincompletesentencesinthispart.BeneatheachsentenceyouwillseefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheONEanswerthatbestcompletesthesentenceandmarkyouranswerontheanswersheet.21、Ifyoudon’tagreetoourplan,____.A.eithertheywill

B.neitherwilltheyC.sodon’tthey

D.sotheywon’tneither【参考答案】B【解析】句意：如果你不同意我们的计划，他们也不同意。表示某人也不怎么样，用neither/nor+助动词/情态动词/系动词+主语。所以选B。22、HespeaksEnglish,butnot____

hissisterdoes.A.aswelllike

B.sowellas

C.likegoodas

D.asgoodas【参考答案】B【出处】2011年中石油职称英语考试真题【解析】句意：他会说英语，但不好他的姐姐说的好。23、Youaresupposed

____

everythingreadybynow.A.toget

B.getting

C.tohavegot

D.havinggot【参考答案】C【解析】句意：到目前为止你应该把一切都准备好了。此题考动词搭配。besupposed后要接不定式，即besupposedtodosth.表示“应该……”。此句中“bynow”表示动作应已完成，所以不定式要用完成时态，故C为正确答案。24、Thecommitteerecommendsthatthematter____atthenextmeeting.A.bediscussed

B.maybediscussedC.wouldbediscussed

D.willbediscussed【参考答案】A【解析】recommends出现，应用虚拟语气，完整的为shouldbediscussed,should省略了。当主句的谓语动词为suggest,propose,advise,insist,order,demand,require,request,desire等表示“建议”、“命令”、“请求”和“要求”的动词时，其后的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气“should+动词原形”（在美国英语中should省略）。25、TheUniversityofMichigan，____

in1817,islocatedmAnnArbor,Michigan.A.whichwasfound

B.whichwasfoundedC.founding

D.thatwasfound【参考答案】B【解析】befounded

成立；被建立；被发现26、Before____

theenvelope,pleasebesureyouhaveenclosedallofthedocumentslistedinyourorientationpacket.A.sealing

B.issealed

C.wassealed

D.seal【参考答案】A【解析】考察分词结构，当两句相连时，如果两句的主语相同，可以省略一个主语。但是动词如果是主动式则改为现在分词，若动词如果是被动式，则保留过去分词。本题原本应该是「Beforeyousealtheenvelope」，但因为连接的两句主词都是you，所以将「beforeyousealtheenvelope」改为分词结构的「beforesealingtheenvelope」。27、Toprotectthecameralens,besuretoreattachthelenscover____

returningthecameratoitscase.A.when

B.what

C.whether

D.why【参考答案】A28、You__herintheofficelastFriday;she’sbeenoutoftownfortwoweeks.A.musthaveseen

B.can’thaveseenC.needn’thaveseen

D.mighthaveseen【参考答案】B【解析】考查情态动词的完成式。整句意思：你上周五不可能在她办公室看到她了，她出城已经有两个星期了。musthavedone过去一定做了，can’thavedone过去不可能做了，needn’thavedone过去本不必做而做了，mighthavedone过去可能做了。29、Asageneralrule,snakes

____unlessoffended.A.havenotbitten

B.donotbiteC.willnotbebiting

D.arenotbiting【参考答案】B【解析】本题指的是通常状态下，所以要用一般现在时。句意：一般情况下蛇不会咬人，除非被冒犯。offended

v.冒犯;得罪;触怒(offend的过去式和过去分词);使反感令人不适。30、IguessJonesdidn’thaveachancetowintheelection.____thepeopleinthecityvotedforhisopponent.A.

Mostofall

B.Almostallof

C.Mostallof

D.Almostthewholeof【参考答案】B

【出处】2016大纲模拟试题二第26题【解析】句意：我猜想琼斯是不可能在选举中获胜了，几乎所有的市民都投了他的对手的票。此题考查词的搭配。mostofall大多数；almostallofthepeople几乎全部人们；C项搭配不正确；D项的whole一般不指代人。SectionBDirections:Inquestions31-40eachsentencehasfourunderlinedwordsorphrases,markedA,B,C,andD.Choosetheonewordorphrasewhichisincorrectandmustbechangedtomakethesentencecorrect.Thenmarkyouranswerontheanswersheet.31、Oneofthemuchdiscussingquestionstodayhastodowithwhetherornottheteachingof

A

B

Creadingshouldstartinthekindergarten.

D【参考答案】A。改为：muchdiscussedquestions32、Whenasevereankleinjuryforcedherselftogiveupreportingin1926，MargaretMitchell

A

B

CbeganwritinghernovelGonewiththewind.

D【参考答案】C。改为：her33、ThebiggerofallnineplanetsinthesolarsystemisJupiter.

A

B

C

D【参考答案】A。改为：biggest34、TherearevineyardsinCaliforniathatproductsomeofthebestwineintheworld.

A

B

C

D【参考答案】B。改为：produce35、RapidlyfallenoilpricescausedOPECministerstomeetandplanastrategy.

A

B

C

D【参考答案】B。【出处】2016大纲模拟试题二第37题【解析】改为：B应改为falling36、Itisaphenomenonknownastemperatureinversionwhatcausestheworstsmoginplaces

A

B

CsuchasLosAngles.

D【参考答案】B【出处】大纲模拟试题五第32题【解析】改为：B应改为that。此题考查强调句型。本句为It引导的强调句型，后面应用that，而不是what。37、Newshoppingmallisbeingplannedfortheresidentialareawherenewhomesarebeingbuilt

A

B

Catarapidrate.

D【参考答案】A【出处】2016大纲模拟试题五第37题【解析】A应改为Anewshopping。此题考查冠词。单数可数名词前必须有冠词。38、Theinstructorhadgoneovertheproblemsmanytimesbeforethestudentswilltakethefinalexamination.

A

B

C

D【参考答案】D【解析】D改为took。主句为过去完成时，故before引导的从句为过去时。39、Idon’tknowthatyoucanrecognizehimfromhere,buttheboyreadingthenewspaperisTom.

A

B

C

D【参考答案】A【解析】改为whether40、Thetestadministratororderedwenottoopenourbooksuntilhetoldustodo.

A

B

C

D【参考答案】B【解析】B改为us。III.CloseTest

Directions:Thereare10blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenmarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.

Theweatheroftenchangeswhatpeopledoandhowtheydoit.Itisveryimportantinoureverydaylive.Meteorologistsarescientistswhotrytopredicttheweather.41

dotheyfindoutthis_42_?

For

43

scientiststriedtopredicttheweatherby44

it.Thisdidn’tworkverywell.Evenifamanstandsonaveryhighmountain,hecanonlyseeasmallpartoftheweather.Then,in1820,aGermanscientist

45

thatscientistscoulddrawamapofthewayweathermoves.Theweathertomorrowis_46_today.Itmaymoveas

47

as30milesanhour.Itmaymove725milesin24hour.

_48weathermoves,thebestwaytopredict

49

istousemaps.Youcanseeapictureoftheweatherforlargepartsofthecountryonamap.Winterstormsofrainand

50willbe1,000mileswide.Onlyonamapcanmeteorologistsseeastormthisbig.In1820，itwasdifficulttomakesuchmaps.Whywasitdifficult?Thescientistsneededweatherreportstomakethemaps.Itwasnoteasytogetweatherreportsquickly.Todayweatherreportscanbeeasilyandquicklycollectedfromeverywhere.

41、A.Why

B.When

C.Where

D.How

42、A.information

B.news

C.advice

D.experience

43、A.ever

B.ashortwhile

C.alongtime

D.thefirsttime

44、A.listeningto

B.lookingat

C.believingin

D.dependingon

45、A.insisted

B.expected

C.showed

D.agreed

46、A.farawayfrom

B.overthere

C.nearhere

D.highup

47、A.fast

B.soon

C.far

D.slow

48、A.If

B.Unless

C.Because

D.Though

49、A.it

B.this

C.that

D.one

50、A.cloud

B.steam

C.snow

D.water

41.D【解析】上文已经提到气象学家，是研究天气变化的科学家并试图预测天气，那么这句意思，按逻辑关系应该谈及预测方法。

42.A【解析】句中的词组findout意为“查出、找到”，选项中advice意为“建议”，experience意为“经验、体验”，information意为“信息”。

43.C【解析】alongtime很长时间；很长一段时间。

44.B【解析】believein意为“信仰……”，dependon意为“依赖于……”，lookat意为“看……”

45.C【解析】show意为“说明、证明”，agree意为“同意、赞同”，insist意为“坚持”。此句意为：1820年，德国一科学家证明可用天气变化图预测天气。并没有“同意”“坚持”的含义。

46.A【解析】farawayfrom意为“远离……”，此句意为“明天的天气状况距离今天很遥远。”

47.A【解析】本句意思为：气象变动速度很快，每小时“快”达30英里。由下句可知这里指的是速度。

48.C【解析】这是一个表示原因的状语从句。承接上下文，因为天气不断移动，所以最好的预测天气的办法是用图来表明。

49.A【解析】在表示时间、距离、天气等时，代词应用“it”。

50.C【解析】rainandsnow雨雪IV.ReadingComprehensionSectionA

Directions:Thereare4passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedby4questionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkyouranswerontheanswersheet.

Questions51to54arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Althoughrecentyearshaveseensubstantialreductionsinnoxiouspollutantsfromindividualmotorvehicles,thenumberofsuchvehicleshasbeensteadilyincreasing.Consequently,morethan100citiesintheUnitedStatesstillhavelevelsofcarbonmonoxide,particulatematter,andozone(generatedbyphotochemicalreactionswithhydrocarbonsfromvehicleexhaust)thatexceedlegallyestablishedlimits.Thereisagrowingrealizationthattheonlyeffectivewaytoachievefurtherreductionsinvehicleemissions—shortofamassiveshiftawayfromtheprivateautomobile—istoreplaceconventionaldieselfuelandgasolinewithcleaner-burningfuelssuchascompressednaturalgas,liquefiedpetroleumgas,ethanol,ormethanol.

Allofthesealternativesarecarbon-basedfuelswhosemoleculesaresmallerandsimplerthanthoseofgasoline.Thesemoleculesbummorecleanlythangasoline,inpartbecausetheyhavefewer,ifany,carbon-carbonbondsandthehydrocarbonstheydoemitarelesslikelytogenerateozone.Thecombustionoflargermolecules,whichhavemultiplecarbon-carbonbondsinvolvesamorecomplexseriesofreactions.Thesereactionsincreasetheprobabilityofincompletecombustionandaremorelikelytoreleaseuncombustedandphotochemicallyactivehydrocarboncompoundsintotheatmosphere.Ontheotherhand,alternativefuelsdohavedrawbacks.Compressednaturalgaswouldrequirethatvehicleshavesetofheavyfueltanks—aseriousliabilityintermsofperformanceandfuelefficiency—andliquefiedpetroleumgasfacesfundamentallimitsonsupply.

Ethanolandmethanol,ontheotherhand,haveimportantadvantagesoverothercarbon-basedalternativefuels:theyhavehigherenergycontentpervolumeandwouldrequireminimalchangesintheexistingnetworkfordistributingmotorfuel.Ethanoliscommonlyusedasagasolinesupplement,butitiscurrentlyabouttwiceasexpensiveasmethanol,thelowcostofwhichisoneofitsattractivefeatures.Methanol’smostattractivefeature,however,isthatitcanreducebyabout90percentthevehicleemissionsthatformozone,themostseriousurbanairpollutant.

Likeanyalternativefuel,methanolhasitscritics.Yetmuchofthecriticismisbasedontheuseof“gasolineclone”vehiclesthatdonotincorporateeventhesimplestdesignimprovementsthataremadepossiblewiththeuseofmethanol.Itistrue,forexample,thatagivenvolumeofmethanolprovidesonlyaboutone-halfoftheenergythatgasolineanddieselfueldo;otherthingsbeingequal,thefueltankwouldhavetobesomewhatlargerandheavier.However,sincemethanol-fueledvehiclescouldbedesignedtobemuchmoreefficientthan“gasolineclone”vehiclesfueledwithmethanoltheywouldneedcomparativelylessfuel.Vehiclesincorporatingonlythesimplestoftheengineimprovementsthatmethanolmakesfeasiblewouldstillcontributetoanimmediatelesseningofurbanairpollution.

51、Accordingtothetext,incompletecombustionismorelikelytooccurwithgasolinethanwithanalternativefuelbecause

A.gasolinemoleculeshaveasimplemolecularstructure.

B.gasolineiscomposedofsmallmolecules.

C.thecombustionofgasolinereleasesphotochemicallyactivehydrocarbons.

D.thecombustionofgasolineembracesanintricatesetofreactions.

【原文出处】2016版通用选读第五课Carbon-basedAlternative。题目源自于考研、GRE等。

【参考答案】D

【解析】本题是一道指代词题型。根据题干中的“incompletecombustion”可将本题的答案信息来源迅速确定在第二段的第四句，该句中的指代词“these”暗示本题的具体答案信息来源应该在第二段的第三句。通过阅读和理解第二段的第三句可推导出本题的正确选项。

52、Thetextsuggestswhichofthefollowingaboutairpollution?

A.Fewseriousattemptshavebeenmadetoreducetheamountofpollutantsemittedbygasoline-fueledvehicles.

B.Pollutantsemittedbygasoline-fueledvehiclesarenotthemostcriticalsourceofurbanairpollution.

C.Furtherattemptstoreduceemissionsfromgasoline-fueledvehicleswillnothelplowerurbanairpollutionlevels.

D.Attemptstoreducethepollutantsthatanindividualgasoline-fueledvehicleemitshavebeenlargelyunsuccessful.

【参考答案】C

【解析】本题是一道审题定位题型。通过题干中的“airpollution”可将本题的答案信息来源迅速确定在第一段，因为第一段首句中含有“noxiouspollutants”，都在谈污染的问题。通过阅读和理解第一段，尤其是第一段尾句即全文的中心主旨句，可推导出本题的正确选项。这是一道比较难的题。考生在解题时一定要具备审题定位能力，还要具备归纳和推导能力。

53、Whichofthefollowingmostcloselyparallelsthesituationdescribedinthefirstsentenceofthetext?

A.Althoughatown’scitizensreducetheirindividualuseofwater,thetown’swatersuppliescontinuetodwindlebecauseofasteadyincreaseinthetotalpopulatingofthetown.

B.Althoughacountryattemptstoincreasethesaleofdomesticgoodsbyaddingataxtothepriceofimportedgoods,thesaleofimportedgoodswithinthecountrycontinuestoincrease.

C.Althoughatownreducesitspublicservicesinordertoavoidataxincrease,thetown’staxrateexceedsthatofothertownsinthesurroundingarea.

D.Althoughastatepassesstrictlawstolimitthetypeoftoxicmaterialthatcanbedisposedofinpubliclandfills,illegaldumpingcontinuestoincrease.

【参考答案】A

【解析】这是一道类比题型，因为本题题干中含有“parallels”(与……相当，与……一样)一词。本题题干已将类比的参照对象确定在第一段的首句。通过仔细阅读和理解第一段的首句，可推导出本题的正确选项，因为该选项涉及的增减关系的前提条件和原文一脉相承。考生在破解这种题型时应对原文所表达的内容与关系有明确的认识和把握，不可以无根据地推导。

54、Itcanbeinferredthattheauthorofthetextmostlikelyregardsthecriticismofmethanolas

.

A.flawedbecauseoftheassumptionsonwhichitisbased.

B.inapplicablebecauseofaninconsistencyinthecritics,arguments.

C.misguidedbecauseofitsexclusivelytechnologicalfocus.

D.inaccuratebecauseitignoresconsumers,concerns.

【参考答案】A

【解析】这是一道细节推导题型。本题题干中的“thecriticismofmethanol”把本题的答案信息来源确定在第四段的第一、二句。通过阅读和理解这两句话，尤其是第二句话，就可推导出本题的正确选项。考生在破解本题时一定要注意第二句话的第一个词“Yet”在语意上所起的作用。考生在解题时一定要重视启承转合词的出现和功能。Questions55to58arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Formanytravelersthereisnothinglikeabigcity.Thebigcitiesofanationofferthingsthatareusuallynotfoundinotherplaces.Outstandingmuseums,plays,music,anddancegroupsareexamples.Shopsthatseemtoselleverythingunderthesun,greatbuildings,famousbusinesses,andveryfinerestaurantsalsoarecommon.

Formanytravelers,therefore,thecityistheplacetobe.Yet,forsome,thecityhasbecomeaplacetofear.Theyseethecityasaplacewithtoomanypeople,toomuchtraffic,andyes,toomuchcrime.

Hereareafewsuggestionsandsafetyruleswhichcanhelpthevisitortohavemorefunandfewerworries.Keeptheminmindthenexttimeyoutraveltoalargecitysothatyoucanmakethemostofyourvisit.

Chooseahotelwhichhasagoodreputation.Don’tchoosejustanyplacefromalistofhotelsandprices.Trytotalkwithsomeonewhohasbeenthere.

Whenyougettoyourhotel,leaveanylargeamountsofcashandanythingelseofvalueinthehotelsafe.Takethemoutonlyasyouneedthem.Itiswisenottoshowalotofjewelryanyway.Ifyoumustkeepthingsofvalueinyourroom,atleastlocktheminasuitcasebeforeyougoout.

Keepyoungchildrenwithyouatalltimes.Donotletthemwalkaroundwithoutyou.

Domostofyourdaytimeandallofyournighttimesightseeinginthecity’smainareas.Gotootherareasonlywhenyouaresuretheyaresafe.Youcanwalksafelythroughmostbig-citystreetsfromaround8a.m.toearlyevening.Nevergotoparksandbeachesafterdarkorveryearlyinthemorning.Atnight,walkonbusy,well-lightedmainstreets.Donotwalkalone.Useataxiwhenthereisanyquestionofsafetyordistance.

Trytotakeataxiownedbyamajorcompany.Besureyoucanseethecitynumberontheoutsideandthedriver’spictureontheinside.Ifyouarenotsureofataxi,askyourhoteldoormanorbellcaptain.InNewYorkCityitisadvisabletotravelonlyinYellowCabs.

Ifyouhavesmallchildrenwithyou,givethem,inwriting,thenameofyourhotel，itsphonenumber,andyourroomnumber.Tellthem,iflost,totellapolicemanorcallatelephoneoperatorfromapublicplaceofbusiness.

Rememberthattherearelotsofpeopletohelpyou.Policemenandpeopleinhotels,restaurants,stores,andbankscangiveyoudirectionsandinformation.

Millionsofpeoplevisitcitieseveryyearinperfectsafetyandhaveagreattime.Followthesesimplerulesandyoucantoo.

55、Theauthorstatesthatbigcities

.

A.areusuallyverysafe

B.aremorefunthansmalltowns

C.aretoodangerousformostvisitors.

D.havealottooffer

56、Thisarticlestatesthat

.

A.youshouldchooseahotelwithagoodreputation

B.childrenaresafeiftheyhaveadimeandaphonenumber

C.alockedsuitcaseisthebestplaceformoneyandjewelry

D.anyareaofabigcityissafeatnight

57、Wecantellfromstatementsmadeinthisarticlethat__.

A.thedrivershouldhavehisnamewrittenonhisuniform

B.noteverythingthatlookslikeataxiisapropersafetaxi

C.onlyyellowtaxisaresafetouse

D.alltaxidriversshouldhavetheirpicturesshowinginthefrontwindow

58、Thisarticleismainlyabout

.

A.choosingtherighthotel

B.thecareofmoneyandotherthingsofvalue

C.safetyrulestofollow

D.planningthetrip

【原文出处】2016版通用选读第27课WhenYouTraveltoaLargeCity

【参考答案】DABD

55.D

【解析】“bigcities”是关键词，短文第一段。

56.A

【解析】第四段首句。一般来说，如果在文中没有出现带有“绝对”含义的词汇，如：B.……aresafeif……如果……就是安全的，C.……thebest……最佳……，D.any……任何……，不会是正确答案。

57.B

【解析】与上一题相同的道理。only只有……、all所有的……。

58.D

【解析】很明显，A、B只是短文的一部分内容，C、D容易被混淆。从第3段第一句话发现，本文是要提出“suggestionsandsafetyrules”，不仅仅是safetyrules，因此排除C。Questions59to62arebasedonthefollowingpassage:NegotiationTheincreaseininternationalbusinessandinforeigninvestmenthascreatedaneedforexecutiveswithknowledgeofforeignlanguagesandskillsincross-culturalcommunication.Americans,however,havenotbeenwelltrainedineitherareaand,consequently,havenotenjoyedthesamelevelofsuccessinnegotiationinaninternationalarenaashavetheirforeigncounterparts.

Negotiatingistheprocessofcommunicatingbackandforthforthepurposeofreachinganagreement.Itinvolvespersuasionandcompromise,butinordertoparticipateineitherone,thenegotiatorsmustunde